Philippines Population and Demography

DEMOGRAPHY LIFE EXPECTANCY BIRTH RATE

- the statistical study of human - the average number of years to be - the total number of live births per
populations especially with reference lived by a group of people born in the 1,000 in a population in a year or
to size and density, distribution, and same year, if mortality at each age period
vital statistics remains constant in the future - births ÷ population rate
 Area: 342,353 km² - also a measure of overall quality of - 19.0/1,000 women
 Density: 311.12/km² life in a country
 Gross Reproduction Rate: 1.42 Per
- measurement of population per Total Life Expectancy: 69.4 (Median 1,000
unit area or unit volume Age of 28.1)  Ratio at Birth - Male to Female:
- number of people ÷ land area
 Female: 72.6 1.05 Ratio (51.22% babies born are
 Capital: Manila
 Male: 66.2 men)
- representation of country’s
- Sex Ratio: 1:1 = 107 boys:100
economic, cultural, and political
girls
activity Top 20 Causes of Death in the
 Total Fertility Rate: 2.91 Births Per
o Population: 1,652,171 Philippines
Woman
o Area: 38.55 km² 1. Coronary Heart Disease  Fertility Rate (per 1,000 women)
o Density: 43,079/km²
2. Stroke - number of children born per
 Largest City: Quezon City
3. Influenza and Pneumonia 1,000 woman
o Population: 2,936,116
- in most industrialized countries:
o Area: 165.53 km² 4. Lung Disease
2.0 births per woman
o Density: 17,738/km² 5. Tuberculosis o 15-19: 35.40
 Region: Asia 6. Diabetes Mellitus o 20-24: 131.90
 Sub-Region: South-Eastern Asia o 25-29: 163.90
7. Kidney Disease
o 30-34: 131.00
8. Hypertension
POPULATION o 35-39: 76.10
9. Breast Cancer
o 40-44: 38.30
- number of people in a country or in
10. Asthma o 45-49: 4.50
an area
11. Lung Cancers
Total Population: 106, 789, 226 (based
on the latest United Nations estimates) 12. Prostate Cancer MORTALITY RATES
 1.4% of the total word population 13. Violence - easure of the number of deaths (in
 th
13 most populated country 14. Road Traffic Accidents general, or due to a specific cause) in a
 Growth Rate: 1.52% 15. Liver Cancer particular population, scaled to the
- the change in population over a size of that population, per unit of time
16. Liver Disease
unit time period, often expressed  Deaths: 4.86 Per 1,000
as a percentage of the number of 17. Colon-Rectum Cancers
 Infant Mortality Rate: 15.62 Per
individuals in the population at the 18. Peptic Ulcer Disease 1,000 Births
beginning of that period 19. Cervical Cancer o Female: 13.36 Per 1,000 Births
 Female: 53, 020, 851 o Male: 17.78 Per 1,000 Births
20. Diarrheal diseases
 Male: 53,768,375  Mortality Rate - Age 1-4: 5.58 Per
 Rural Area: 47, 278, 672 1,000 Birth
 Urban Area: 59, 510, 554 o Female: 4.80 Per 1,000 Births
o Male: 6.32 Per 1,000 Births

 Mortality Rate - Under Age 5:
21.11 Per 1,000 Births
o Female: 18.10 Per 1,000 Births
o Male: 23.99 Per 1,000 Births
• Death Rate: average of 1,920/day
In the Philippines, more than five
people die for every one thousand
population in 2013. This is equivalent
to 531,280 registered deaths from all
causes and all ages. Of these deaths,
57 percent or 304,516 were males and
43 percent or 226,764 were females.
For every 100 female deaths, there
correspond 134 male deaths and
which constituted to a death sex ratio
of 1.34. It is consistent that numbers
of male deaths are greater than female
deaths. Consequently, males always
have higher death rate than females.
Reports also showed that the highest
occurrences of deaths were among the
elderly persons, 70 years and over. It
comprised more than 38 percent of
total deaths with 202,564 cases.
However, death occurrence was least
among age group 10-14 years with 0.9
percent. Deaths among under 1 year
old is more than twice (21,992 or
4.1%) the number of deaths in ages 1-4
years (9,526 or 1.8%) The number of
deaths increase as the people gets
older. Statistics show that the risk of
dying is directly proportional to age,
starting with age 10 and up.
MIGRATION
- the movement by people from one
place to another with the intentions of
settling, permanently or temporarily in
a new location.
 Net Migration Rate: -2 migrants
per 1,000 population (2017)
- the difference between the
number of persons entering and
leaving a country during the year
per 1,000 persons (based on
midyear population)
N = 1000 x (I - E) / P
N = net migration rate
E = number of people emigrating
out of the country
I = number of people immigrating
into the country
P = the estimated mid-year
population
 Immigration Rate: 3.56 migrants
per 1,000 population
- the international movement of
people into a destination country
of which they are not natives or
where they do not possess
citizenship in order to settle or
reside there, especially as
permanent residents or
naturalized citizens, or to take up
employment as a migrant worker
or temporarily as a foreign worker
 Emigration Rate: 9.26 migrants
per 1,000 population
- the act of leaving a resident
country or place of residence with
the intent to settle elsewhere
Malthusian Theory of Population
- theory of exponential population
growth and arithmetic food supply
growth
- published by Thomas Robert
Malthus, an English cleric, and scholar
(1798 writings, An Essay on the
Principle of Population)
1. Population and Food Supply
 Geometric Progression
- populations grew in
geometric progression
- a sequence of numbers
where each term after the first
is found by multiplying the
previous one by a fixed, non-
zero number called the
common ratio
- For example, in the sequence
2, 10, 50, 250, 1250, the
common ratio is 5
 Arithmetic Progression
- food production increases in
arithmetic progression
- a sequence of numbers such
that the difference between
the consecutive terms is
constant
- For example, in the sequence
2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, the common
difference of 3
- he derived this conclusion
due to the Law of Diminishing
Returns.
From this, we can conclude
that populations will grow faster than
the supply of food. This will lead to a
shortage of food.
2. Population Control
Malthus then argued that because
there will be higher population
than the availability of food, many
people will die from the shortage
of food. He theorized that this
correction will take place in the
form of Positive Checks (or Natural
Checks) and Preventative Checks.
These checks would lead to the
Malthusian catastrophe, which
 would bring the population level in the agricultural sector while the
back to a ‘sustainable level’. total GDP is over $14 trillion.

 Positive Checks or Natural

Checks 3. Global Trade
- He believed that natural Malthus’ theory on food production
forces will correct the constraints was largely based on the
imbalance between food limited availability of land. However,
supply and population growth thanks to globalization we can trade
in the form of natural disasters good and services for food, which
such as floods and increases the amount of food a
earthquakes and man-made country can consume.
actions such as wars and
famines. 4. Calculations
 Preventative Checks Malthus did not provide calculations
To correct the imbalance, for the geometric growth of
Malthus also suggested using populations and the arithmetic growth
preventative measures to of food. Since then, experts have
control the growth of the pointed out that the growth rates are
population. These measures not consistent with Malthus’
include family planning, late predictions.
marriages, and celibacy.

Criticisms of the Malthusian Theory of

Population
1. Population Growth
The gloom and doom forecasts put
forward by Malthus have not played
out. In Western Europe, populations
have grown (not at the rate Malthus
predicted) and food production has
also risen because of technological
advancements.

2. Food Production
Thanks to many technological
advancements, food production has
dramatically increased over the past
century. Often, the food production
rate has grown higher than the
population growth rate. For example,
during the 1930s in the US, 25% of the
population worked in the agricultural
sector while the total GDP was less
than $100 billion to the GDP. Today,
less than 2% of the population works