Perpindahan Panas

Endah Sulistiawati, S.T., M.T.

Pertemuan ke-12
Convective boiling
• The mechanism of heat transfer in convective
boiling, where the boiling fluid is flowing
through a tube or over a tube bundle, differs
from that in pool boiling.
• It will depend on the state of the fluid at any
point.
• There are four conditions occur as the fluid
flows up the tube (Fig. 12.57).
1.Single-phase
flow region
• At the inlet, the
liquid is below its
boiling point
(subcooled), and
heat is transferred
by forced
convection.
• The equations for
forced convection
can be used to
estimate the heat
transfer coefficient
in this region.
2.Subcooled
boiling
• In this region the
liquid next to the wall
has reached the
boiling point, but not
the bulk of the liquid.
• Local boiling takes
place at the wall,
which increases the
rate of heat transfer
over that given by
forced convection
alone.
3.Saturated boiling
region
• In this region, bulk boiling of
the liquid is occurring in a
manner similar to nucleate
pool boiling.
• The volume of vapor is
increasing and various flow
patterns can form.
• In a long tube, the flow
pattern will eventually
become annular: where the
liquid phase is spread over
the tube wall and the vapor
flows up the central core.
4. Dry wall region
• Ultimately, if a large
fraction of the feed is
vaporized, the wall dries
out and any remaining
liquid is present as a mist.
• Heat transfer in this
region is by convection
and radiation to the
vapor.
• This condition is unlikely
to occur in commercial
reboilers and vaporizers
Chen’s method
Example 12.9
A fluid whose properties are essentially those of
o-dichlorobenzene is vaporized in the tubes of a
forced convection reboiler. Estimate the local
heat transfer coefficient at a point where 5% of
the liquid has been vaporized. The liquid velocity
at the tube inlet is 2 m/s and the operating
pressure is 0.3 bar. The tube inside diameter is 16
mm, and the local wall temperature is estimated
to be 120⁰C.
Solution