Water is one of the most essential components for the development and growth of plants and

insufficient water supply would result into insufficient growth and there is a high possibility that the
plats would not survive and or result into insufficient development. Bhardwaj, Dhir, and Hooda (2018)
conducted a study on Automatic Plant Watering system using IOT. The researchers created a system in
which the prototype will sense the soil moisture of the plant and would automatically turn the motor
ON and water the plant when needed. The researchers used an Arduino Uno board which is an open
source-platform that is used for developing projects. A Soil moisture sensor is also used to control the
volumetric moisture level of the soil and to send signal to the Arduino. To turn on the water pump to
provide water to the plants, the Arduino would send signal to the relay module, which is a switch that
opens and closes circuits electronically and electromechanically. Results have shown that the prototype
automatically waters the plants when it detects if the soil is dry, and the researchers have suggested
that the framework of the study can be altered, and the programming can be utilized to calibrate the
necessity of the plant.
S. Bhardwaj, S. Dhir and M. Hooda, "Automatic Plant Watering System using IoT," 2018 Second
International Conference on Green Computing and Internet of Things (ICGCIoT), 2018, pp. 659-663, doi:
10.1109/ICGCIoT.2018.8753100.

Another study was conducted by Wongthai, Chanmee, and Lohawet (2018) on the enhancement
of an automatic plant watering system. The researchers have summarized appropriate functions of
automatic plant watering system from previous works and enhanced the systems by utilizing
technologies such as Internet of Thing (IoT) and cloud computing to achieve suitable automatic plant
watering systems. Seven functions were considered for this study, which are the following: The first one
is that the system needs to be operated automatically, second, The system should be controlled with
the use of smartphones, next is that the system should provide output, fourth is the system should use
the concept of IoT, fifth, the system should leverage cloud computing, sixth, the system should deploy
atleast one back-up pump, and lastly, the system should prevent water flood. The results have shown
that the designed enhanced system has four main capabilities which are: the soil moisture level in good
condition, second is the low soil moisture level, third is when the main pump is broken and lastly,
preventing water flood. The proposed system by the researchers, have demonstrated that with the use
of IoT and cloud computing, could be one of solutions to mitigate world food shortage situations.

W. Wongthai, S. Chanmee and S. Lohawet, "An Enhancement of an Automatic Plant Watering

System," 2018 22nd International Computer Science and Engineering Conference (ICSEC), 2018, pp. 1-
4, doi: 10.1109/ICSEC.2018.8712791.