Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Mathematics
Quarter 1, Week 3 – Module 3.2
Simplifying Rational
Algebraic Expressions –
M8AL-Ic-2
ii
Mathematics – Grade 8
Quarter 1 – Module 3.2: Simplifying Rational Algebraic Expressions
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government
agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such
work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition
the payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim
ownership over them.
I. Introduction:
II. Objective:
At the end of this module, you must be able to simplify
rational algebraic expression.
IV. Pre-Test:
1 d. -2
a. b. 2 c.
2 ?
d. −1
is in its simplest
2. Which of the following expressions is equal to
a. + 1 b. − 1 c. 1
3. Which of the following rational algebraic
expressions form?
2 x 2x 3xy4
a. 2x b. c. d.
2y 4y x2 y
3
x y
(d + e)(d + e) d −e
a. b.
7 7
5. Which of the following expression is equal to x2
x −3 x +3 −e) d+e
d.
a. x−4 b. x+4 7
2
x −9 ?
−7x +12
d. x −3 x +
4
1
V. Learning Activities:
Do you still
Here are some examples of polynomials
remember how to
with its factors:
factor polynomials?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
15a2b2
Example 1: Simplify: ;
15ab
3•5•a •a •b
- factor the numerator and denominator
STEP 1:
3•5
- divide out the common factor
or you can divide the numerator
3•5•a •a •b and denominator by their GCF
-
STEP 2: multiply the remaining factors and their
3•5 product is the rational algebraic expression
in simplest form
STEP 3: ab
2
22
Theref 15a b = ab
ore, 15ab
2
x − 25
Example 2: Give the simplest form of: ;
4x + 20
(x +5)(x −5)
STEP 1:
4(x +5)
x2 − 25
STEP 2:
4x + 20
2
x − 25 x −5
x −5
STEP 3: Therefore, =
4x + 20 4
4
2 2
y + 6xy +9x
Example 3: Express in simplest form
2 2
y −9x
( y +3x)(y +3x)
STEP 1:
( y +3x)(y −3x)
( y +3x)(y +3x)
STEP 2:
( y +3x)(y −3x)
y + 3x
STEP 3: y +6xy +9x y + 3x
2 2
y −3x
Therefore, =
2 2
y −9x y −3x
x−y
Example 4: Write in lowest term.
y−x
1 Therefore
STEP 3: −1 = −1
5s +17s −12
Example 5: Simplify 2
12 −17s −5s2
3
Both the numerator and denominator are quadratic trinomials where a > 1.
Factor each term first by using any method you are familiar with. For
easier solution, let’s try the AC Test.
STEP 1: 5s −3
5 2
s −3s
2 2
s
5s +17s −12 5s +17s 4 20 −12
s
= (5s −3)(s + 4)
Product of the
first and last
−60s
3 −5s
12 − 20s
12−17s −5s2 12−17s −5s2
3 − 5s2
= (3 −5s)(4 + s) s
Product of the
2
−60s
first and last
2
STEP 2: 5s +17s −12 (5s −3)(s + 4)
by commutative property we can
=
2
12 −17s −5s (3 −5s)(4 + s) divide out (s+4) and (4+s)
5s
=
−3 +
5s
= 5s
STEP 3:
2
2
5s +17s −12 12 −17s −5s = 1
4
VI. Practice Exercises:
Practice Task 1:
Simplify the following fractions. Choose your answer from the
choices and write the letter corresponding to the number in the
box below.
36 −12 −15 16
−1 1 4 6 −
O N A M N
1 3 3 1
−2
5 4 2 2
M U Y O T
4 2 9 8 1 3 10 5 7 6
Practice Task 2:
Simplify the following rational expressions. Choose your answer
from the choices and write the letter corresponding to the number
in the boxes below to answer the given trivia.
3 +9 2.) 2
−64
3.) 5 −10 4.) +2 5.) 2
1. )
2 2 2
+6 +9 +16 +64 2 −4 −4
5
2 2 2 3
−2 −35 −1 −7 4 −25 +8
6.) 7.) 8.) 9.) 10)
2
2 −14 +2 +1 2 −14 2 2+7 +5 2
+4 +4
N S P U
−1 1 5 1
+1 2 2 x−2
B I T O
2
+4 3 − 2x + 4 −8
5 +3 +2 +8
H A P D
+5 2 −5 3
−3
2 +1 4
5 1 2 3 6 9 7 10 4 8
Practice Task 3:
3 −3 3 −3
a. b. c. d.
4ab 4ab − 4ab − 4ab
7 +7
a. b. c. d.
+ + − − −
y
5. Which of the following shows the first step in simplifying
a. b. c. d.
( y −3x)(y +3x) y −3x ( y − 3x)(y +3x)
VIII. Assignment:
Simplify the following rational algebraic expression. Show your
complete solution.
2 5 2
20x y x − 25
1. 2 5 2. 3.
4x y 4x + 20
Answer key:
Pre - Test
1.A 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.C
7
Practice Task 1
1. T 2. O 3. M 4. M 5. Y
6N 7. O 8. N 9. U 10. A
Practice Task 2
1. I 2. O 3. P 4. U 5. D
6. H 7. N 8. S 9. A 10. T
Practice Task 3
(d + e)(d −e)
1.
7(d + e)
(a −3)(a −3)
2.
(a −3)(a +3)
−2 •5•m •m •n •n
3.
5 •5•m •m •m •n •n •n
4(x −6)
4
. (x + 6)(x −6)
3(x + 2)
5
. (x +5)(x + 2)
Post Test
1.B 2.B 3.C 4.D 5.A
Assignment
5
1. x
2. x −5
4
x −7
3.
x+2
8
References:
Abuzo, E. P. (2016). Mathematics Learner's Module. Department of Education -
Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR) (p. 76-84).
Daily Lesson Plan in Mathematics - Simplifies Rational Algebraic
Expressions (M8AL-1C-2). (2019) (p. 61-67).
Mathematics Learner's Material for Open High School Program. (n.d.) (p. 43-47).
Department of Education.
Project Ease (Effective Alternative Secondary Education) Mathematics IV -
Module 1: Rational Algebraic Expressions. (2010) (p. 14-17). Pasig City:
Bureau of Secondary Education, Department of Education.
Distance Learning Module-Mathematics 1 (n.d.) (p. 1-8). Bureu of Secondary
Education,Department of Education.