Lesson 1: Computer Basics

Expected Learning Outcomes:

At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to;

Describe why computers are important.

Explain what are the input and output devices of a computer.

Give the meaning of common computer acronyms.

Exploration:
Materials: Cellphone, Laptop or Tablet

Direction: Group the students into 5.

Each group will select a leader and a
reporter on what they have understand
on the video about Computer Basics. The
group are given 5 minutes to consolidate
their observation and report on the
class.

Discussion:
Guided questions.

What are the common computer input devices?

What are the common computer output devices?

What are the common computer acronyms and its meaning?

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 Activity sheet (Exploration)

Direction: Group the students into 5. Each group will select a leader and a reporter
on what they have understand on the video about Computer Basics. The group are
given 5 minutes to consolidate their observation and report on the class.

Write your observation in a blank sheet of paper. Below is the link for the said
video clip.

https://youtu.be/pKDTeKGUdEA

https://youtu.be/yTdRHrkudGs

https://youtu.be/LJgKC3ETRYg

Generalization:

Why is it important to know how to use a computer?

What is a computer?

Why we use computers to do work we could do without a computer?

Firming Up (Application)
I
A. Identify what are the common computer input devices in the picture.

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 B. Identify what are the common computer output devices in the picture.

II. Give the meaning of each computer acronyms.

1. LTE

2. LAN

3. CPU

4. SSL

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5. JPEG

6. HTML

7. IP

8. GPU

9. PDF

10. URL

Learning Exercises:
Direction: Write the letter of the correct answer.

1. A hand-held pointing device that detects two-dimensional motion relative to a

surface. A. Keyboard B. Mouse C. Microphone

2. An input device that allows a person to enter letters, numbers, and other
symbols into a computer.

A. Printer B. Projector C. Keyboard

3. An output hardware device that connects to a computer to generate sound.

A. Monitor B. Soundcard C. Speaker

4. Feeds or streams an image or video in real time to or through

a computer network, such as the Internet.

A. Printer B. Joystick C. Camera

5. WWW

A. World Wide Web B. World War Win C. Weird Wear Wars

6. CCTV

A. Close Circuit Television B. Case Close Track C. Censor Caster

Time  

7. An output device that displays information in pictorial form.

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A. Projector B. Speaker C. Monitor

8. ISP

A. Internet Service Provider B. Inter Section Port C. Initial

Sign Product

9. A device that captures audio by converting sound waves into an electrical signal.
A. Mouse B. Soundcard C. Speaker

10. An output device that takes images generated by a computer or Blu-ray player
and reproduce them by projection onto a screen, wall, or another surface.

A. Printer B. Keyboard C. Projector

Performance Task:  Setting Up a Desktop Computer

Material: System Unit, Monitor, Mouse, Keyboard, Speaker, Automatic Voltage
Regulator

Direction: Group the students into 5, Each group will be given 30 minutes to
assemble and set-up a desktop computer.

Criteria:

Speediness - 25%

Sortness - 25%

Cautiousness - 25%

Teamwork - 25%

Enhancement:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mLgTnkw558w

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YWXFeCPb2Vk

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RnM3u99xIf4
Concepts Review

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Computer -is an electronic device that manipulates information, or data. It has the
ability to store, retrieve, and process data. You may already know that you can use
a computer to type documents, send email, play games, and browse the Web. You
can also use it to edit or create spreadsheets, presentations, and even  videos.
Output Devices

 Keyboard

 Mouse

 Microphone

 Bar code reader

 Graphics tablet

Output Devices

 Monitor

 Printer

 Speaker

CPU - stands for the Central Processing Unit of the computer. This is like the
computer's brain.

LAN - stands for Local Area Network, which consists of the servers that your
computer connects to in your local area.

LTE- stands for Long Term Evolution and is sometimes referred to as 4G LTE. 

 JPG or JPEG- is Joint Photographic Expert Group. JPG is an accessible

photographic image format, produced and generated through digital photography.

IP - stands for Internet Protocol which is the set of rules that govern the systems
connected to the Internet. IP Address is a digital code specific to each computer
that is hooked up to the Internet.

HTML - Hypertext Markup Language formats information so it can be transported

on the Internet.

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SSL- Stands for secure sockets layer. Protocol for web browsers and servers that
allows for the authentication, encryption and decryption of data sent over the
Internet.

SMS- Short message service. MMS: Multimedia messaging service

A Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)- is a specialized electronic circuit designed to

rapidly manipulate and alter memory to accelerate the creation of images in a
frame buffer intended for output to a display device

Graphics Interchange Format or GIF- was first developed by computer scientist

working at CompuServe back in 1987. 

GPS - Global Positioning System.

LCD - is an abbreviation, meaning "liquid crystal display." In contrast to the old

tube-based televisions or shortly lived DLP TVs, LCD TVs offer a high-definition
picture with a very thin screen, and have emerged as the dominant high-definition
technology.

PDF- stands for "portable document format". Essentially, the format is used when
you need to save files that cannot be modified but still need to be easily shared
and printed.

URL - This is the Uniform Resource Locator, which is a path to a certain file on the
World Wide Web. It is what you may also call the web address.

Cc- stands for carbon copy which means that whose address appears after the Cc:
header would receive a copy of the message.

Bcc- stands for blind carbon copy which is similar to that of Cc except that the
Email address of the recipients specified in this field do not appear in the received
message header and the recipients in the To or Cc fields will not know that a copy
sent to this address.

HTTP - Hypertext Transfer Protocol is a set of instructions for the software that
controls the movement of files on the Internet.

MAC - This is an abbreviation for Macintosh, which is a type of personal computer

made by the Apple Computer company.

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HDMI- stands for High-Definition Multimedia Interface and is the most
frequently used HD signal for transferring both high-definition audio and video
over a single cable.

PNG- stands for “Portable Graphics Format”. It is the most frequently used

uncompressed raster image format on the internet.

World Wide Web- It is important to know that this is not a synonym for the
Internet.

SD- (Secure Digital) cards are the oldest and least-used, and are limited to 2 GB
of storage.

Digital Subscriber Line- (DSL; originally digital subscriber loop) is a family of

technologies that are used to transmit digital data over telephone lines.

CCTV- stands for closed-circuit television. 

SQL- stands for Structured Query Language, a language for manipulating and

talking about data in databases.

Input & Output (IO)- Short for input/output (pronounced “eye-oh”). The term I/O

is used to describe any program, operation or device that transfers data to or
from a computer and to or from a peripheral device.

Moving Picture Experts Group- (MPEG) is an alliance of working groups of ISO and
IEC that sets standards for media coding, including compression coding of audio,
video, graphics and genomic data, and transmission and file formats for various
applications.

Internet Service Provider- a company that offers access to the internet and to
email, usually for a monthly fee.

CAPTCHA- stands for the Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell

Computers and Humans Apart.

Digital Video Disc -is a digital optical disc data storage format invented and
developed in 1995 and released in late 1996.

VPN- stands for "Virtual Private Network" and describes the opportunity to

establish a protected network connection when using public networks. 

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USB- Universal Serial Busis the most common type of computer port used in
today's computers.

Lesson 5: System Unit Assembly

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Expected Learning Outcomes:

At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to;

Know the steps on assembling System Unit.

Identify the parts of the system Unit;
Demonstrate and perform on how to assemble the system unit.

Exploration:
Materials: Cellphone, Laptop or Tablet

Direction: Group the student into 5. Each

group will select a leader and a reporter on
what they have observed on the video on
the Steps in Assembling a Computer
Hardware. The groups are given 5 minutes
to consolidate their observation and report
on the class.

Discussion:

Guided questions.

What are the tools, materials, equipment needed to assemble a computer

hardware?

What safety precautionary measures will you take in assembling a computer?

What are the preventive measures to protect equipment against static

electricity?

What is the proper procedure in assembling a computer hardware?

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 Activity sheet (Exploration):

Direction: Group the student into 5. Each group will select a leader
and a reporter on what they have observed on the video on the Steps
in Assembling a Computer Hardware. The groups are given 10 minutes
to consolidate their observations and report on the class.

Record your observation in a blank sheet of paper. Below is the link

for the said video clip.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hWB2UHCT0dw

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EJemXALSE6U

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kpWuKWNJt3Q

Generalization:
What did you observe with the report presented of each group?

Is there a difference on the steps or procedures presented by each group?

What is the proper procedure in assembling a computer hardware?

Why do we need to observe proper procedures in assembling computer hardware?

Firming Up (Application):
I. Identify what part of the System Unit shown in the picture.

1. 7.

2. 8.

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3. 9.

4. 10.

5. 11.

6. 12.

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 II. Write TRUE if the statement is a safety precaution of a computer and
FALSE if the statement is not.

1. Do not shut down or unplug the computer before you make any attempts
to disassemble the tower.

2. Be careful when holding the motherboard, it’s underside actually quite

pointy and able to hurt you.

3.  Take off any metal objects on your arms or fingers such as bracelets,
rings or watches. Even if your unit is unplugged, there may still be some
remaining electric charge.

4.  Make sure your hands are wet to avoid damaging any mechanical parts
as well as to avoid electrocution.

5. Prepare a place to keep any screws you may remove. A container or

piece of paper with labels for each part (casing, motherboard, CD drive, etc.)
is ideal to avoid confusion between the similar-looking screws.

6. Before touching any part within the tower, put your hands against
another metal surface (such as the computer casing) to remove static
charge, which may damage sensitive devices.

Learning Exercises:
Direction: Read the questions carefully and answer it.
1. Define system unit.
2-13. What are the parts of System Unit?
14-15. Give at least 2 safety precaution of a computer.

Performance Task: Assemble Me!

Direction: Try practicing the assembly and disassembly of the
system unit in the computer laboratory if face to face instruction
will be allowed in the campus.

Preparation: Before you start assembling the system unit, you need to get your
workspace ready. Make sure that you have all of the computer parts and tools
ready. At the very least, you need the following:

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  Phillips-head screwdrivers (#1 and #2 should do the trick)
 Zip ties and/or twist ties for cable management
 Flashlight (it can get dark in the corners of a PC case)
 Thermal paste (although stock coolers usually have this pre-applied)
 Something to hold your screws like magnets or a small box.
 Medical kit just in case an accident happens.

Enhancement:
Disassembling and Assembling a System Unit

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zxxtXmCZWss

Disassemble/Assemble Desktop Computer (COC 1 - Installing Computer

Systems and Networks) - CSS NCII

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XzNtLvRqNzw

Proper ways and safety procedures of Assembling system unit

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kpWuKWNJt3Q

Concepts Review:
What is a System Unit?

       The SYSTEM UNIT main part, processing unit and devices, of a

microcomputer is a system unit. A system unit includes a board called a
motherboard that holds a microprocessor chip (or a CPU), memory chips, and
expansion slots. Electronic circuitry is printed on the board and it connects
between two main parts of a microcomputer, the microprocessor and primary
storage and other parts. 

PARTS OF THE SYSTEM UNIT

 CPU  I/O Shield

 Cooler  Motherboard
 Memory  Power Supply
 Hard Disk or SSD  SATA Storage
 Standoffs  Inserting the Graphics Card

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  Wi-Fi Card
 Cable Connections

Lesson 3: Storage Devices and

Peripherals

Expected Learning Outcomes:

At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to;

Define Storage and Peripheral Devices 15

Identify the parts of computer

Know how a computer stores information

 Exploration:
Materials: Cellphone or Laptop

Directions: Group the student into 3. Each group

will choose a leader and a reporter on what they
have notice on the video presentations on what are
the Storage and Peripheral Devices and How a
Computer stores information. Each group are given
8 minutes to merge their observation and describe
it to the class.

Discussion:
Guided question:

What is a Storage Device?

What are the Common Storage Devices?

How a computer stores information?

Activity Sheet Exploration:

Directions: Group the student into 3. Each group will choose a leader and
a reporter on what they have notice on the Video presentations on what are the

16
Storage and Peripheral Devices and how a computer stores information. Each group
are given 8 minutes to merge their observation and describe it to the class.

Note: List down all your observations in a clear sheet of paper. Below the link of
the said Video clip.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qDwb9KqseZw

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OsEDJM9NuGA

Generalization:
What did you observe with the report presented of each group?

What are the Common Storage Devices?

Why do we need to study the Storage Devices?

Firming Up (Application):
Review “What’s Inside a Computer”. After reviewing the material
answer the questions below about each component’s definition or function.
Underline the correct answer on the choices given.

1. This part of the computer allows them to connect to each other and talk to
each other or access the internet.
a. Motherboard
b. Modem
c. BIOS
d. CPU

2. This is considered as the "brain" of the computer?

a. Monitor
b. RAM
c. CPU

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 d. ROM
3. What do you call the permanent memory built into your computer?
a. RAM
4. B.CPU
a. ROM
b. CD-ROM
5. Approximately how many bytes make one Megabyte?
a. One Thousand
b. One Million
c. Ten Thousand
d. One Hundred
6. Data or Information is stored on my magnetic cylinders.
a. Hard Drive
b. Video Card
c. Power Supply
d. Modem
7. It is considered as the main board of a computer.
a. Video Card
b. Power Supply
c. Sound Card
d. Motherboard
8. It handles the graphics that are displayed on the monitor.
a. Sound Card
b. Modem
c. Video Card
d. Motherboard
9. BIOS stands for Basic Input Output System
a. True
b. False
10. This type of storage device replaces traditional mechanical hard disks by
using flash-based memory.
a. Floppy Disk
b. SSD
c. Compact Disk
d. Zip Disk

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 11. It is a hardware component of a computer that supplies all other components
with power.
a. Video card
b. Sound card
c. Motherboard
d. Power Supply
12. How much data or information can a CD (Compact Disk) usually store?
a. 1.4 Mb
b. 150 Mb
c. 10 Mb
d. 650 Mb
13. What does RAM stand for?
a. Remote Authorization Mechanism
14. B Random Access Memory
a. Readily Accessed Mailer
b. Random Authorization Mechanism
15. Which of these is a not a computer manufacturer?
a. IBM
b. Apple
c. Sun
d. Microsoft
16. It is the physical components that make up your computer unit.
a. Software
b. Operating Systems
c. Hardware
d. Web Browsers
17. Which of the following companies is famous for manufacturing computer
processors?
a. Sony
b. Intel
c. Macromedia
d. AMD

Performance Task: Fill me!

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Review the information about storage devices. After the review, fill in the blanks
with the vocabulary words from the box. Use each word only once. You may want
to refer back to the information that was given above.

Secondary Information Flash drive CD Primary DVD Floppy Drive

LAN Port Zip Disk

1. ________________________ memory is stored on chips located on the

motherboard.
2. _________________________memory is stored on the hard drive.
3. A _______________________can hold information greater than a CD or
DVD.
4. A _______________________usually holds up to 650 to 700 MB.
5. A _______________________holds even more information at least 4.7
GB.
6. The purpose of storage in a computer is to hold ____________________or
data.
7. A ______________________ stores and retrieves information on a floppy
disk.
8. A 3.5 inches floppy disk can store data or information of up to _______
megabytes.
9. A ______________________ is already integrated in the modern
motherboard.
10. A ___________________can be used to protect and transfer large
amounts of data.

Enhancement:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M0F4cc2dkV8

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SNhZCZ6MASY

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ybZW4Rgolnc

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 Concept Review:

How a computer stores information?

The computer stores information as a string of zeros (0) and ones (1).

The standard string length is eight 0's or 1's in a row

This standard length is called a byte

A byte equals one character

Information size measurements

Kilobyte (KB)

One kilobyte equals about 1024 bytes

Megabyte (MB)

One megabyte equals about 1000 KB

One megabyte equals about 1,000,000 bytes

Gigabyte (GB)

One gigabyte equals about 1000 MB

One gigabyte equals about 1,000,000 KB

One gigabyte equals about 1,000,000,000 bytes

STORAGE DEVICES

 Hard Drive
 solid-state drive (SSD)
 Floppy Drive

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  CD-ROM/DVD-ROM Drive
 Removable Hard Disk
 Flash Drive

Lesson 4: Hardware and Software

Expected Learning:
At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to;

Know the hardware and software. 22

Identify the parts of hardware and know the types of software.

 Exploration:
Materials: Cellphone, laptop or tablet.

Direction: Group the students into 6. Every group will choose a leader and reporter
on what they have learned on the video about the Hardware and Software. The
group are given 15 minutes to prepare for report of their understandings about the
topic.

Discussion:
Guided questions:

· What is the brain of a computer

· What are the 3 main components of a computer?

· Give 3 examples of input devices, and 3 output devices.

· What are the types of software?

· Types of Software License.

Activity Sheet (Exploration):

Direction: Group the students into 6. Every group will choose a leader and
reporter on what they have learned on the video about the Hardware and

23
 Software. The group are given 15 minutes to prepare for
report of their understandings about the topic.

Write down what you understand in a whole sheet of

paper. Below is the links for the video clips.

https://youtu.be/3vSnVvtv_PQ

https://youtu.be/qo4VD0SAdC4

https://youtu.be/gJf6AnD9RJY

Generalization:

Did the video clips help you to understand the differences of hardware and software?

Did you gain knowledge and information by watching the video clips?

Firming Up (Application)
I. Identify the names of hardware shown in the picture below.

1.

2.

3.

24
4.

5.

II. Write all the types and examples of the given topics below.

1. Types of Computer Software.

2. Software Licensing

3. Software Piracy

Learning Exercise:
Direction: Read the questions and answers it.

1. Define hardware and software.

2. Differentiate hardware and software.

3. Explain why hardware and software are necessary to operate the computer.

Enhancement:

25
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vG_qmtdBPTU

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VzVSt6jxiqw

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jglLkX3sCsc

Concepts Review:
What is Computer Hardware?

Computer hardware is the physical components that a computer system requires to

function. For example, is the monitor, keyboard, mouse, and components inside the
system unit.

What is Computer Software?

It is instructions that tell a computer what to do. Software comprises the entire
set of programs, procedures, and routines associated with the operation of a
computer system.

Examples of Computer Application Software:

• Word processor

• Spreadsheet

• Presentation Software

• Database Management System

• Desktop Publisher

• Graphic Editor

• Web Browser

Lesson 6: Maintaining Your Computer

System

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Expected Learning Outcomes:
At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to;

Demonstrate how to maintaining and repairing computer systems

Maintain and repair computer systems

Develop a preventive maintenance plan and what to include in it 

Exploration:
Materials: Cellphone, laptop or tablet.

Direction: Group the students into 3. Every group will choose a leader and reporter
on what they have observed on the video about the Maintaining Your Computer
System. Students are given 10 minutes to prepare for report of their
understandings about the topic.

Discussion:
Guided question:

Why maintaining your computer system is important?

Does General Do's and Don'ts necessary to follow?

Fixing Software Problems

Fixing Hardware Problems

Activity Sheet (Exploration):

27
 Direction: Write down what you understand in a while sheet of paper. Below is the
link for the video clips.

https://youtu.be/MGqJa20Lqwc

https://youtu.be/SHVuvkh9IoA

https://youtu.be/t457aZgmVGc

Generalization:
Did the video clips helpful?

By watching and listening to the video, what are the things you learned?

Firming Up (Application)
I. Write TRUE I'd the statement is correct. And FALSE if the statement is wrong.

1. Always shutdown your computer properly.

2. Do not back up data to floppy disk or zip disk to ensure you have a copy.

3. Drink around the computer.

4. Use magnets around computer.

5. Delete all files and programs you no longer need from your computer.

II. Enumeration

1. General Dos6 and Don'ts

2. Ways of Updating Software

3. Ways of Fixing Software Problems

4. Ways of Fixing Hardware Problems

Enhancement:
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9aFVjvCJcbk&t=6s

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oXQjMn-r1vQ

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZYGND_SLqUQ

Concepts Review:

What is Computer maintenance?

Computer maintenance is the practice of keeping computers in a good state of

repair. A computer containing accumulated dust and debris may not run properly.
Dust and debris will accumulate as a result of air cooling. Any filters used to
mitigate this need regular service and changes.

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