‫االسم‪ :‬عز الدين سمير فوزي‬

‫الفرع‪ :‬ضوئي ‪ /‬صباحي‬

‫اسم المختبر‪ :‬مختبر االلكترونيك‬
‫اسم التجربة‪:‬‬
‫‪The Summing and Difference Amplifier‬‬

‫‪1‬‬
Objective:
To implement and study the summing and difference amplifier circuits.
Equipment:
-DC Power supply.
-12V±
-Variable Power supply 0-15V.
-Power supply 5V
- Voltmeter 20V.
-Panel No. P16.
Theory:
The operational amplifier has two or more inputs, and the output voltage is
proportional to the negative of the algebraic sum of its input voltages. A two-
input summing amplifier is shown in Figure 1. The operation of the circuit and the
derivation of the output are as follows:

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 Figure 1 The summing amplifier.

The same circuit can be used for any number of inputs as shown in Figure 2:

Figure 2

The output voltage is expressed:

Procedure:
Part 1. Summing Amplifier:
1. I connect the circuit as shown in Figure 3. Wiring sequence :12 V(+)-1 ,
12V(-)-3 , GND-2, 15V(V)-6 , 15V(COM)-17 , 5V(+)-4 , 8-42 , VM(+)-48 ,
VM(-)-66 , 5V(GND)-65 , 18-66.
2. I switch the power supply on ±12V.
3. I apply 5V from power supply to I/P1 and connect variable power supply to
I/P2 and vary the voltages as in table 1.

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 4. I measure and record the output on voltmeter. (Observe the polarities of
input and output voltages carefully).

Figure 3

Part 2. Difference Amplifier:

1. I connect the circuit as shown in Figure 4. Wiring sequence:
12V (+)-1, 12V (-)-3, GND-2, 15V(V)-17, 15V(COM)-66, 5V (+)-4, 8-4 VM (+)-
48, VM (-)-67, 5V(GND)-65, 21-67.
2. I switch the power supply on ±12V.
3. I connect 5V from supply to I/P1 and apply voltage to I/P2 from variable
power supply as in table 2.
4. I observe the output voltage with its polarity carefully. (Note down inputs
and outputs).

Figure 4

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Discussion:
1. Discuss how you add more voltages using the summing amplifier.
The output voltage of an op-amp with two or more inputs is proportional to
the negative of the algebraic sum of the input total.
2. If the values of the input resistors changed, is it possible to obtain the
sum of input voltages?
This operating circuit and the summing amplifier have two inputs, therefore
it's conceivable. The output voltage is proportional to the algebraic sum of
the input voltage; therefore, the output voltage is proportionate negative.
According to the formulae, it solely depends on the total of the input
voltage, thus altering the resistance has no effect.

3. Explain how to obtain the average of the input voltages at the output.
In a summing amplifier, the output voltage equals the sum of the input
voltages; the amplifier is an inverting summing amplifier since the total
input is the sum of negative inputs. The magnitude of the output is equal to
the sum of all input voltages multiplied by a constant defined by the ratio:

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4. Suggest possible applications for the summing and difference amplifiers.
Summing amplifiers are flexible devices that combine signals by adding
them directly or scaling them to meet some predetermined combination
rule. This amplifier is used to combine a DC voltage of fsat and an AC signal
voltage. The feedback of a circuit occurs when the output signal of one
system merges with the input signal of another system. A weighted sum
digital-to-analogue converter is another beneficial use of a Summing
Amplifier (DAC).
5. Add any comments you think necessary based on the observations
obtained from the experiment.
Because the summing amplifier is required for many applications, it is also
important to study and understand its working technology.