Bahan Ajar

Procedure Text (Manual & Tips)

Tujuan Pembelajaran
1. Setelah menelaah bahan ajar yang diberikan oleh guru dan berdiskusi, peserta didik
dapat menganalisis fungsi sosial, struktur teks dan unsur kebahasaan teks prosedur
berbentuk manual dan tips dengan tepat.
2. Setelah menelaah bahan ajar yang diberikan oleh guru dan berdiskusi, peserta didik
dapat menganalisis perbedaan teks prosedur berbentuk manual dan tips dengan tepat.
3. Setelah menelaah bahan ajar yang diberikan oleh guru dan berdiskusi, peserta didik
dapat menyusun teks prosedur tulis sederhana dengan memperhatikan fungsi sosial,
struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan teks prosedur dengan tepat.
 Expressions

Describing How to Follow Instructions Step by Step

Sequence of Instructions Linking Words

 Let’s begin.  Then, …
 Initially, …  Next, …
 First, …  After that, …
 Second, …  Before, …
 Third, …  Finally, …
 We also need to …

Understanding Procedure Text

Procedure text is a type of text that is designed to describe how something is achieved through a
sequence of actions or steps. It explains how people perform different processes in a sequence of
steps. This text uses simple present tense, often imperative sentence. It also uses temporal
conjunctions such as: first, second, then, next, finally, etc.

Generic Structure
 Goal: the purpose of the text.
 Materials or ingredients: the materials that are used in the process.
 Steps: steps that are needed to make something in the goal.

Kinds of Procedure
 Procedural text that explains how something works or how to do something manually
(Manual).
Examples:
- How to play a video game
- How to use a computer
 Procedural text that instructs how to do activities along with the rules (Tips).
Examples:
- Road safety rules
- Factory safety procedures
 Procedural text that describes human habits or life (Tips).
Examples:
- How to live happily
- How to achieve career success

Language Features
 Written in simple present tense
 Use of imperatives (Cut, mix, pour, etc.)
 Use of connectives (first, then, finally, etc.)
 Use of adverbial phrases (for ten minutes, 5 cm from the side, approximately 1 liter, etc.)

Essential Grammar
1. Imperative Sentences
The imperative is very common in written and oral instructions. If someone ask you for
instructions, use the imperative. Be careful when you use the imperative though, as it of
the considered impolite in English. If, on the other hand, you would like to request that
someone do something, use a polite question from instead. There is only one imperative
form for both ‘you’ as singular and plural. Remember to use the basic verb only.
Examples:
 ‘’Sit down’’ NOT ‘’you sit down’’
 ‘’Get up’’ NOT ‘’you get up’’
 Close it
 Turn it up
 Mix them
 Take the second right, go straight on, and the city hall is on the left
There are two forms for imperative sentences, positive and negative.
Positive
Basic verb + objects
Examples:
 Flip to next page, please.
 Clean your room right away.
 Pick up the fruit inside the truck.

Negative
Don’t (Do not) + basic verb + objects
Examples:
 Don’t smoke here! It’s a hospital
 Don’t be reckless!
 Don’t eat that please, that’s not yours.

2. Sentence Connectors
When giving a series of instructions, it’s more natural in speech and writing to join the
different instructions together with linking words. There are many different linking words
that can be used to describe a sequence of instructions as a part of a process. Two very
simple but commonly used ones are ‘’and’’ and ‘’then’’.
Examples:
 … gently rub the baby’s back and massage it thoroughly.
 Turn the volume down and help me here.
  Mix the dough with a glass of water then stir it up for a while
Some other examples of sentences connectors.
 Next,..
 After that,…
 Finally…

Note:
You can watch the video about manual and tips by using this link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wTWdhtxD-ng.