4.

SORTING MATERIALS INTO GROUPS

1. What is meant by sorting? On what basis we sort the materials into groups?
A. The process of separating the materials into various groups is called sorting. Sorting materials can be
done on the basis of their similarities and dissimilarities.

2 .Why do we need grouping of objects?

A. Grouping of objects is necessary because:
1. It makes convenient to locate objects.
2. It makes easy to study of properties of objects.
3. To observe common pattern.

3 .What are the important properties of a material?

A. The important properties of materials are:
1. Appearance
2 . Hardness
3. Solubility
4. Floatability and
5. Transparency.

4. On what basis we choose a material to make an object?

A. 1.The purpose for which the object is to be used.
2. Based on a properties of materials.

5. What are metals? Why do metals lose their lustre?

A. Materials that have lustrous nature are called metals.
Ex: gold, silver, copper etc.
Metals often lose their lustre and appear dull because of the action of air and moisture on them.

6 .Define the following:

A. (a) Soft substances : The substances or materials which can be compressed or scratched are called
soft materials. Ex: sponge, cotton.
Hard substances : While the materials which are difficult to compress are called hard materials.
Ex: iron, wood.
(b) Transparent objects : Objects through which light can pass and we are able to see clearly are
called transparent objects. Ex: glass, air, clear water etc.
Opaque objects : Objects through which light cannot be passed and we are unable to see at
all are called opaque objects. Ex: wood, card board,wall etc.
(c) Miscible liquids : Those liquids which get completely mixed in water are called miscible liquids.
Ex: Vinegar, alcohol, lemon juice etc.
Immiscible liquids : Those liquids that do not mix in water and form separate layer are called
immiscible liquids. Ex: kerosene, coconut oil, petrol.
(d) Lustrous substances : Objects/substances which have shinning surfaces are called lustrous objects.
Ex: gold, silver, aluminium etc.
Non-lustrous substances : Objects which do not have shiny surfaces are called non-lustrous objects.
Ex: wood, plastic, rubber
7. What are soluble and insoluble substances? Give examples?
A. Soluble substances : The substances which dissolve in water are called soluble substances.
Ex: salt, sugar.
Insoluble substances : The substances which does not dissolve in water are called insoluble substances.
Ex: saw dust, sand.

8. How can we make paper translucent?

A. 1.Take a piece of paper and apply oil or some butter or cream so that an oily patch is formed.
2. Now place the hand behind the oil paper or butter paper.
3. We will be able to see but not clearly which means it is an example for translucent.

9. How will you determine the hardness of a substances?

A. 1. Take a sponge and a stone
2. We can easily press the sponge while we will not be able to press the stone.
3. Because, stone is harder than sponge.
In this way we can determine the hardness of a substances.