Design of Hopper

Top diameter of Hopper Dtop 2.13 m

Diameter of opening at bottom Dbottom 0.50 m

Thickness of Hopper slab ThHop 150 mm

75cellular
Thickness of fire resistant mortar and mm + concrete
75 mm ThFinsih 150 mm

Density of concrete/fire bricks Dconc 25 kN/cubicm

Yield stress of steel Fy 500 N/sqmm

Height of accumulated ash H 1.5 m

Slope Theta 45 degree

Total depth of Hopper H 1.5 m

Density of ash Dash 10.0 kN/cubicm

Angle of repose for ash phi 30.0 degree

Height of ash at center of slab h 0.75 m

Dtop

h Pn Bricks + cellular
concrete
H
Ph
slope

w
slope Dbottom

Hopper schematics
Weigth of ash volume of ashxDensity of ash W1 = 17.8 kN

Weight of slab + lining [{(Dtop+Dbottom)/2

+ mortar + THxsqrt(2)}xTHxsqrt(2)xDensity]*3.14
W2 = 57.9 kN

Total load W1+W2 W = 75.7 kN

Mean dia at center of sloping slab = 1.3 m

Tention T per m in sloping

(W/3.14/Mean
slab dia.)/sin (slope) = 36.7 kN

Ultimate Tension 1.5T = 55.0 kN

Reinforcement of direct tension 1.5T*1000/.87Fy = 126.5 sqmm

Minimum steel required 0.12% of 150 mm thk rcc slab = 180 sqmm/m

Provide 10@ 150c/c (curtailed to maintian spacing of 150mm cc) = 500 sqmm/m
Ast provided for direct tension (longitudinal steel)
Normal component of pressure Pn = Dash x h x {cos2(slope) + cos2(slope)xcos2(phi)} = 6.6 kN/sqmm
due to ash at center of slab h = H/2 (height at mean dia)

Normal component of pressure of sloping

THxDensityx
slab cos slope = 6.5 kN/sqmm

Total Pressure Pn + Slab = 13.1 kN/sqmm

Hoope tension H per m length at center

Mean ofdia.xTotal
sloping slab
Px0.5 = 8.6 kN

Ultimate Hoope tension 1.5H = 12.9 kN

Area of Hoope steel required 1.5H*1000/.87Fy = 29.6 mm2

Minimum steel required 0.12% of 150 mm thk rcc slab = 180 sqmm/m

Provide 10@ 200 c/c Ast provided for direct tension (longitudinal steel) = 400 sqmm/m