BHAGALPUR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BHAGALPUR

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

SIX WEEKS SUMMER TRAINING REPORT

ON

A project report submitted to the Bhagalpur College of Engineering, Bhagalpur

(Bihar) towards the partial fulfilment for the award of the degree of
Bachelor of Technology
in
Electrical Engineering

Submitted by
NAME – KRISHNA KUMAR
ROLL NO.- 19317
REGISTRATION NO.-19103108033
COURSE CODE – 100399P

Bhagalpur College of Engineering, Bhagalpur

AKU, PATNA

{18 NOV 2020 TO 30 DEC 2020}

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 BHAGALPUR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, Bihar
(Affiliated to AKU Patna)

DECLARATION

I, KRISHNA KUMAR Student of Bachelor of Technology (2019-2023) hereby declare that

the work which is being presented in the report entitled “AutoCAD” in partial fulfilment of
the requirement for the award of the Degree of Bachelor of Technology in Electrical Eng.
The work has been carried out at Bhagalpur College of Engineering, Bhagalpur (Affiliated to
AKU Patna) and is an authentic record of my own work carried out under the supervision and
guidance of AMITESH PRAKASH, Assistant professor.

Name – Krishna Kumar

Roll No. – 19317
Reg. No. - 19103108033

FACULTY IN-CHARGE HEAD OF DEPARTMENT(EE)

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Fore mostly, I would like to articulate my profound gratitude and indebtedness to my supervisor
M.K. JHA, (Associate professor of Department of Electrical Engineering), for his patience,
motivation, enthusiasm and immense knowledge. He has always been a constant motivation
and guiding factor in all the time of research and writing of this thesis. It has been a great
pleasure for me to get an opportunity to work under him and complete the project successfully.

I would like to thank my mentor AMITESH PRAKASH, Asst. Professor, Bhagalpur College of
Engineering, Bihar for his encouraging words and valuable suggestions towards the research
work. He inspired me greatly to work on this project.

I would like to thank faculty members for showing me some examples that were relevant to
the subject of this project and their willingness to motivate me contributed tremendously to this
project.

I feel a deep sense of gratitude for my parents who formed a part of my vision and taught me
the good things that really matter in life. I would like to thank family members for their support.

Name – Krishna Kumar

Roll No. – 19317

Reg. No. – 19103108033

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SL.NO. CONTENTS PAGE NO.
1 Introduction 6

2 What is AutoCAD? 7

3 Uses of AutoCAD 8

4 Commands (Basic commands in AutoCAD) 9-15

5 Some keyboard short cut keys 16

6 Status bar toggle 17

7 Modify panel commands 19-20

8 Blocks and annotations in AutoCAD 20

9 To insert a block reference 21

10 How to set up AutoCAD for 3D drawings 22

11 Conclusion 23

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1. INTRODUCTION
AutoCAD is a commercial computer-aided design (CAD) and drafting software
application. Developed and marketed by Autodesk, AutoCAD was first released in
December 1982 as a desktop app running on microcomputers with internal graphics
controllers. Prior to the introduction of AutoCAD, most commercial CAD programs ran on
mainframe computers or minicomputers, with each CAD operator (user) working at a
separate graphics terminal. Since 2010, AutoCAD was released as a mobile- and web app
as well, marketed as AutoCAD 360.
AutoCAD is used across a wide range of industries, by architects, project managers,
engineers, graphic designers, and many other professionals.
AutoCAD is available for English, German, French, Italian, Spanish, Korean, Chinese
Simplified, Chinese Traditional, Brazilian, Portuguese, Russian, Czech, Polish and
Hungarian, Albanian (also through additional Language Packs).
The latest version was released on 25 MARCH 2020 as AutoCAD 2021.

Autodesk has also developed a few vertical programs:

• AutoCAD Architecture
• AutoCAD Civil
• AutoCAD Electrical
• AutoCAD ecscad
• AutoCAD Map 3D
• AutoCAD Mechanical
• AutoCAD MEP
• AutoCAD Structural Detailing
• AutoCAD Utility Design
• AutoCAD P&ID
• AutoCAD Plant 3D

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What is AutoCAD?

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 Uses of AutoCAD

1. AutoCAD is used in industry, by architects, project managers, engineers,

graphic designers, city planners and other professionals.

2. It allows a user to conceptualize ideas, product designs and drawings to

the required level of technical accuracy, perform rapid design
calculations and simulations in the field of manufacturing industries.

3. AutoCAD has the possibility to produce very accurate designs.

Engineers frequently used this program to analyse and solve design
issues when creating plans for buildings or mechanical components.

4. It basically gives you the opportunity to create a three-dimensional

model of an object you design in a computer program.

5. AutoCAD is extensively used in the jewellery industry. Professionals use

it to design new diamond rings and calculate where and how the precious
stone attaches to the metal

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 COMMANDS

1. OVERVIEW AND DEFINITIONS.

You communicate with AutoCAD by using tools and Menu options. These devices invoke
AutoCAD commands. I. What is a command?
It’s a single-word instruction you give to AutoCAD telling it to do something such as draw
a line (the line tool in the Draw Ribbon Panel) or erase an object (the Erase tool in the
Modify Ribbon Panel). Whenever you invoke a command, by either typing it or selecting
a menu option or tool, AutoCAD responds by presenting messages to you in the
Command Window and the Dynamic Input display or by displaying a dialogue box. By
right clicking during the drawing process, a context-sensitive short cut menu is displayed;
i.e. if you are in the middle of a command, this menu displays a list of options specifically
related to that command.
II. Command tools.
Move the arrow cursor to the Line tool and rest it there. Do not click yet. Hold it there
for a little while and then for a longer while. You will see two tool tips. The first tip gives
you the tool tip name and the keyboard command associated with the tool. The second
tip gives a brief explanation of how to use the tool. This happens to all other tools on the
ribbon. To be able to draw effectively with AutoCAD, you must learn how to tell
AutoCAD what you want, and even more important, understand what AutoCAD wants
from you.
III. Methods of Accessing/Activating Commands.
i. Clicking on the command tool/icon on the Ribbon Panels.
ii. Typing the command on the Keyboard.
iii. Use of Accelerator Keys. These are special keystrokes that open and activate drop
down menu options. Example is Ctrl+S for save and Ctrl+C for copy.
iv. Use of Aliases; (one, two or three letter abbreviations of a command name).
These are also typed on the key board.

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2. Draw Command Tools

i. Line: With the Line command you can draw a simple line from one point to
another.

ii. Construction Line: The construction line commands create a line of infinite
length which passes through two picked point.

iii. Polyline: The Polyline command is similar to the line command except that
the resulting object may be composed of a number of segments which form a
single object.

iv. Rectangle: The Rectangle command is used to draw a rectangle whose sides
are vertical and horizontal. The position and size of the rectangle are defined by
picking two diagonal corners.

Polygon: The Polygon command can be used to draw any regular polygon
from 3 sides up to 1024 sides. This command requires four inputs from the user,
the number of sides, a pick point for the centre of the polygon, whether you want
polygon inscribed or circumscribed and then a pick point which determines both
the radius of this imaginary circle and the orientation of the polygon. The polygon
command creates a closed polyline in the shape of the required polygon.

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v. Circle: The Circle command is used to draw circles. There are a number of ways you can
define the circle. The default method is to pick the centre point and then to either pick a
second point on the circumference of the circle or enter the circle radius at the keyboard.

vi. Arc: The Arc command allows you to draw an arc of a circle. There are numerous
ways to define an arc; the default method uses three pick points, a start points, a second
point and an end point.

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 i. Spline: A spline is a smooth curve that is fitted along a number of control points.
The Fit Tolerance option can be used to control how closely the spline conforms to the
control points. A low tolerance value causes the spline to form close to the control points.

ii. Ellipse: The Ellipse command gives you a number of different creation options. The
default option is to pick the two end points of an axis and then a third point to define the
eccentricity of the ellipse.

iii. Hatch: Hatch is used to add shaded patterns to objects and shapes. You can pick:
Pattern, Scale, Angle, Points

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Some Drawings using Draw and Modify Toolbars

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 Basic command in AutoCAD

• C
It is the command used for making a circle in AutoCAD.
• PL
This command can be used to make a Polyline in your drawing.
• REC
This command will make a rectangle in AutoCAD.
• L
It can be used for making simple lines in the drawing.
• REG
This command can be used to make a region geometry in AutoCAD.
• CO
This command is used to copy object(s) in AutoCAD.
• ARRAY
Using this command, you can make Rectangular, polar or Path array.

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 SOME MORE BASIC COMMANDS

• TR
This command is used for trimming a geometry.
• OP
Using this command, you can open options window which contains most of the
settings of AutoCAD.
• SC
This command is used to change the scale of an object.
• B
This command is used for creating a block, the properties of the block can be
defined using the block definition window.
• I
This command can be used to insert an existing block or a drawing as a
block in AutoCAD.
• ST
Using this command, you can open text style window which controls
properties of the default AutoCAD text style.
• X
This command can be used to explode objects like Polyline to simple
lines, an array or a block to a simple geometry etc.

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 SOME KEYBOARD SHORT CUT KEYS

• Ctrl + N
You can use this shortcut to open a new drawing a tab in AutoCAD.
• Ctrl + S
You can use this keyboard shortcut to save a drawing file.
• Ctrl + Shift + S
You can use this keyboard shortcut to save the drawing as a new file, in
short, this is the hotkey for “save as” command.
• Ctrl + 0
Clears screen to show only the drawing area and hides palettes and tabs.
Press it again to reset default AutoCAD interface.
• Ctrl + 1
Select and object and press Ctrl + 1 to open the properties palette which lists
properties of the object.
• Ctrl + 2
You can use it to open design center palette which contains many
AutoCAD blocks that can be used directly in your drawing.
• Ctrl + 9
You can use this keyboard shortcut to toggle the visibility of the command
line.

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 STATUS BAR TOGGLE

❖ The status bar is an important feature of AutoCAD user interface and its
tools are required quite frequently while making or editing your drawing
hence they are available on status bar for easy access.

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 SOME ESSENTIAL MODIFY PANEL
COMMANDS

❖ Move (M + Enter): -

By this one can move any objects at a specified distance and

direction .
❖ Rotate (RO + Enter): -
By this one can rotate any selected object around a base point to an angle.
It rotates any objects in clock and anticlockwise. We can also make a
copy of the object by rotate command .
❖ Copy (CO + Enter): -
This command is used to copy an object at a specified distance or
direction. It works almost like Move Command. The only difference is
that it makes a copy of the original objects.
❖ Trim (TR + Enter + Enter): -
This command is used to trim any objects whose edge meet the other
objects. It trims the crossed line.

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 SOME MORE MODYFYING COMMANDS

❖ Extend (EX + Enter): -

This command helps to extend the line to join the edges of other objects line.
It is used as a trim command.

❖ Scale (SC + Enter): -

By this command, one can enlarge or reduce the objects. The length and width
of objects would be enlarged or reduced at the same size.

❖ Mirror (MI + Enter): -

This command creates a reverse copy of the selected object.

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 BLOCKS AND ANNOTATIONS IN AUTOCAD

• In the context of AutoCAD, blocks are the collection of geometries

that act as a single object and they can be used in a drawing
repetitively. The blocks which are used in the drawing are called
block references and if you modify the block all its references
change automatically
• One of the primary reasons for using a block is its ability to modify
all its references by modifying a single block.
• Blocks also help you in keeping the file size under control. A
drawing made with blocks for repetitive objects will be far smaller
than the drawing which uses copied instances of repetitive objects.
• Blocks also help in keeping consistency in your project drawings,
by using the same set of blocks you can avoid a lot of confusion
among different members working on a project. This is the reason
many organizations prefer their own set of standard blocks which
can be used and reused as per their own requirements.
• You can also keep track of block data using attributes. The
attributes are information such as manufacturer name, part number
etc. which is associated with a block and can be extracted to an
excel file or a drawing table.

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 TO INSERT A BLOCK REFERENCE

❖ 1.Click Home tab > Block panel > Insert. Find

❖ 2. To insert a block, do one of the following:

Select an icon or a block name from the block definitions displayed

in the gallery. Click the location for the block reference.
Click the Recent Blocks option. From the Blocks palette, click and
place the block reference.
Click the Blocks from Other Drawings option.

❖ 3.At the bottom of the Blocks palette, choose one or more options
to control the placement, scale, rotation, and automatic repetition.
If you want the objects in the block to be inserted as individual
objects instead of as a single block, select Explode.
❖ 4.Click OK.
AutoCAD also has many simple as well as dynamic blocks on
the tool palette. You can access tool palette by using its keyboard
shortcut CTRL + 3 or its command TOOLPALETTES.

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 How to Set Up AutoCAD for 3D
Drawings

• Open the Workspaces drop-down list on the Quick Access toolbar,

or click the Workspace Switching button on the status bar and then
choose 3D Modelling.
• Toolbars, palettes, and Ribbon panels flash on and off, and soon
AutoCAD settles down to display the Ribbon, as configured for the
3D modelling workspace with a few additional panels.
• Click the Application button and choose New; then click Drawing.
• The Select Template dialog box appears.
• Choose acad3d.dwt if you’re working in imperial units or
acadiso3d.dwt if you’re working in metric. Click Open.
• A 3D modelling space appears where, rather than look straight
down at the drawing area, you look at it at an angle from above

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 CONCLUSION

Learning AutoCAD was a useful experience. It is one of the finest

skill to have as it has numerous advantages further.
The use of AutoCAD has many advantages. It can help to reduce the
time it takes to produce the drawing needed in the work
environment. AutoCAD software is the most amazing range of
mechanical computer aided design tool. It is now considered to be the
best according to the industry standards that can be obtained for a
wide array of designing, mechanical engineering services and other
engineering purposes.

The use of AutoCAD can also be relied heavily in order to create

efficiencies within the industries. There is more to learning in
AutoCAD than drawing simple figures and lines. It has a very wide
application in the field of manufacturing, architecture, electrical and
many more.

The software is utilized to provide some useful and practical

designing software that will allow users to visualize as well as create
prototypes of a product in reality and quick time.

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