GATEWAY INTEGRATED SCHOOL x3 + y3= ( x+ y ) ( x 2 – xy + y 2 )

OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Let us multiply the two factors to check its correctness.
GENERAL TRIAS CAMPUS x 2 -xy + y 2
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x+ y
x -x y +x y 2
3 2

Grade 8 x 2 y - x y 2 + y3
x3 + y3
Lesson 1.2
We can describe the factors as follows:
Factoring Integers and 1. The first factor is the sum of the cube roots of the first and second terms.
2. The second factor is trinomial whose first term is the square of the first
Polynomial and Word problems term of the first factor. The second term is the product of the terms of the
first factor. The last term is the square of the second term of the first factor.

Involving factors of polynomials 3. The signs of the terms in the second factor are alternative positive,
negative, positive.
4. For the difference of two cubes, the same procedure is done, except that the
terms of the second factor are positive.

Thus
x3 - y3 = ( x- y ) ( x 2 + xy + y 2 )
Factoring of those expression is illustrated in the following examples.
1. x3 – 8= ( x- 2) ( x 2 + 2x + 4)
Name 2. y3 + 27= ( y+3 ) ( y 2 – 3y+ 9 )
3. 125z3 + w3 = ( 5z + w ) ( 25z 2 – 5wz + w 2 )
If a common factor exist in the terms , it must be factored out first.
Grade/Section 4. 6x – 6x= 6x ( x3 -1) = 6x ( x-1 ) ( x2 + x + 1)
4

Prepared by: Factoring may result to other types and the resulting expression must be
factored completely.
Ms. Zosema A. Nire
5. p6 – q6 = ( p2 – q2) ( p4+ p2 q2 + q4)
Subject Teacher
= ( p-q) ( p+q) ( ( p4 + p2 q2 + q4)

1.1.5 Sum or Difference of two Cubes

A number or algebraic expression taken as a factor three times
produces a cube , like 2 x 2 x 2 = 8, hence the number 1,8,27,64,121 and 216
are cubes. The expression x3 , y6 , a9, b12 are also cubes. . the expression x3 + y3 is
a sum of two cubes. In factored form
1.1.6 Factoring by grouping

The previous lessons focused on factoring . certain types of binomials and

trinomials . When polynomials have more than three terms, we may group the terms in
such a way that will be in the form of factorable expressions. The terms may have
common factors , or will form a difference of two squares or a perfect square trinomial.
Consider the following examples.
Exercise 1.1.6
Lesson 1.2 Word Problems Involving Factors of Polynomials

Word problem can be easily solved if the verbal statement will be

expressed as mathematical or symbolic statements. Consider some Expressions.

We will consider some problems

Example 1.
 The sum of a number and its square is 90. Find the number. Check:
Area = 9x13 = 117 cm2
Solution:
Let x = the number
x2 = the square of the number Exercise 1.2
Equation:
x2 + x =90
x2 + x -90 = 0
(x+ 10) (x-9)= 0
If x+10 =0 , then x =-10
If x-9 =0 , then x=9
s.s = { 9,-10}
Check:
If x =9 , x2 = 81; 9+81 =90
If x = -10,x2 =100; -10 + 100 = 90

Example 2

The length of a rectangle is 4 more than its width. The area of the rectangle is
2.
117cm Find its dimension.

Solution:
Let w= width of the rectangle
w+ 4= length of the rectangle
Area of a rectangle = length x width

Equation:
w (w+4) = 117
w2 + 4w -117 = 0
( w-9) ( w+13) = 0
If w+13 = 0 , then w = -13.
This value must be discarded, since length cannot be negative.
If w-9 =0 , then w= 9.
The only solution is :
Width = 9cm
Length = 13cm