A Detailed Lesson Plan in Grade X

I. OBJECTIVES

At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

a. differentiate the different modal verbs; and

b. use modals in a sentence.

II. SUBJECT MATTER

A. Topic: Modals
B. Reference: http://www.grammar.cl/english/modal-verbs.htm
C. Materials: Cartolina, box, speaker, laptop, and tape

III. PROCEDURE

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY STUDENTS’ ACTIVITY

A. Goal Setting

This afternoon, you’re expected to

differentiate the different modal verbs and
use modals in a sentence.

B. Elicitation

Before discussing our topic this afternoon, I

have prepared an activity for the class. This
activity is entitled TRUTH or DARE.
Here is the mechanics of the game. First,
the teacher will give a box and you will pass
the box to the person next to you while the
music is playing. Second, if the music stops
the person holding the box will be the one
who will roll it on the floor to identify if it is
truth or dare. Students who failed to do the
task will receive deduction of points in their
worksheet later on.
TRUTH
 I can _________ while reviewing
my notes.
 Call a friend to roll the box again
and both of you will do the task.
 I might join the ____________

DARE
 I will eat the polvoran while reciting
the short tongue twister. *She sells
seashells on the seashores.
 Call a friend to roll the box again
and both of you will do the task.
 You must dance the Taga Saan ka
Challenge in front of the class.
In the activity, we used the verbs can,
might, will and must. Generally speaking,
what do we call those verbs in grammar?
Modals!
Very good! Those verbs are the modals and
that will be our focus this afternoon.
 C. Explanation

Let’s first define what a modal is. Kindly

read the definition. A modal verb is a type of helping verb that
is used to express ability, possibility,
permission and obligation such as may,
might, shall, should, will, would, can,
could.
Let’s have the modals can and could.
CAN COULD
Three main uses Past tense of can
of Can are: 1) ability
2) possibility and 3) 1. To express
permission. ability in the
past
1. To express Ex:She could jug
ability gle eight balls
Ex: I can speak when she was
two languages. only 10 years old.

2. To express a 2. To express a
possibility (in possibility in the
general) past (Could +
Ex: I know have + past
you can win the participle)
competition. Ex: Why did you
do that?
3. To ask for or You could
give permission / have broken your
To request leg.
something 3. To ask for
Ex: You can use permission or to
my umbrella. I request
don't need it right something
now. (more polite)
Ex: Could I
please use your
bathroom?

Those are their differences and could is

more polite or formal then can. Is that clear
class?
Yes Sir!
Moving on. Let’s have the modals will and
would.
WILL WOULD

1. To make an 1. Used as a
offer, a promise POLITE
or a threat. invitation or to
 I will do my best offer
to help you.  Would you like to
 I will drive you to go to the movies
work if you want. with me tonight?
 If you say  I would be happy
anything I will kill to help you with
you! preparation for
2. For things that your exam.
we decide to do 2. To describe past
now. (Rapid habits
Decisions)
 I'll call a taxi for  When I was at
school
 you.
 I think we'll go I would get up
right now. (I just before everyone
decided this right
else in our house.
now)

3. When we think 3. Future in the

or believe past
something about
the  When I was in
future. (Predictio Paris last year
n) I would spend
 The
hours sitting at
President will not
be re-elected at coffee shops
the next election. writing ideas for
 I think my novel.
you will find the  She promised
movie interesting. she would send a
postcard.
4. For a habit that
is a predictable
behaviour
 My
daughter will fall
asleep as soon
as she is put into
bed.

Aside from those differences, there are

cases that you cannot change the modal
would into will.
For example,
Would you like a sandwich?
I would rather sleep.

There are also cases that modal will cannot

be altered by would.
For example, I will always love you.

Let’s move to the next modals, shall and

should
SHALL SHOULD
Expresses Advice
determination  You should sleep
 I shall overcome early at night.
all the problems
that may come
my way.
Something that is Make harsh
intended to take words to be more
place in the polite.
future.
 He shall be the  I should expect
CEO next year. you to apologize
now.

Please do not forget that should can also

be used in placed of shall if we are talking
about the past.

Let’s have modals May and Might

May and might both expresses possibility.
 MAY MIGHT
Possible, factual Hypothetical,
or could be counterfactual
factual or remotely
 He may lose possible.
his job.  If I win the
lottery, I
might buy a
house and
lot.

D. Controlled Practice

Direction: Underline the appropriate

modal in each sentence.

1. I (can/could) ride a horse when I

was younger. 1. Could
2. (Will/Would) be my Valentines 2. Will
date? 3. Might
3. He (may/might) have called earlier, 4. Can
but I was not home. 5. Should
4. Birds (can, could) fly
5. You (shall/should) not do that.

E. Skills Work

Direction: Underline the most appropriate

modal in each sentence.

1. He (can/could) speak in English

2. I (shall/should) motivate myself to
accomplish my project in English. 1. Can
3. Diego (can, could) swim when he 2. Should
was 10 years old 3. Could
4. (Will, Would) you lend me two 4. Would
dollars to buy a coffee please? 5. Can
5. (Could/Can) you please help me
finish my homework?

IV. EVALUATION (Free Stage)

 On a ¼ sheet of paper, write one sentence using each of the modals discussed
for 5 minutes.

IV. AGREEMENT

A. Follow Up
 Write a one paragraph essay about you ten years from now and encircle the
modals you used in your essay.

CRITERIA
Content 5
Grammar 3
Neatness 2
Total 10