Unit Special Crime Investigation

Module Crime Scene Investigation Page|1

SCILM SPECIAL CRIME INVESTIGATION WITH LEGAL Units: 3.0
MEDICINE

INFORMATION SHEET PR-1.1.1

CRIME DETECTION AND INVESTIGATION

SPECIAL CRIME INVESTIGATION WITH LEGAL MEDICINE

(PRELIMINARY NOTES)

CRIME

 An act or omission in violation of a public law, forbidding it or commanding it; an offense against
the state.
 An act-dolo or deliberate intent; a misdeed
 Omission- culpa or failure to do an act; lack of foresight skill or negligence.
 An anti-social act; an act that is injurious, detrimental or harmful to the norms of society; they
are the unacceptable acts in its social definition.

INVESTIGATION

 It is a patient, step by step, and careful or thorough examination of something or someone. It

can be legal or non-legal inquiry
 An inquiry, judicial or otherwise for the discovery and collection of facts concerning the matters
involved.
 It is the process of inquiring, eliciting, soliciting and getting vital information, facts, and
circumstances in order to establish the truth.

CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION

 It is the systematic method of inquiry that is more a science than an art. The logic of scientific
method must however, be supplemented by the investigator's initiative and resourcefulness.
The sequences of the investigation should be regarded by scientific, operating framework that
requires improvising on the part of the investigator.

CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION AS AN ART

 Considered as an art because it uses various techniques of identifying and locating criminal
offenders and proving their guilt through criminal proceedings.
PREPARED BY:
st st
1 1 MS. ELENA MAE CORONEL
MIDTER Instructor
M NOTED BY: APPROVED BY:
Week Meeting EMERITA S. MERCADAL MR. WILBERT A. MAÑUSCA
SHS Coordinator/Academic Head School Administrator
 Unit Special Crime Investigation
Module Crime Scene Investigation Page|2
SCILM SPECIAL CRIME INVESTIGATION WITH LEGAL Units: 3.0
MEDICINE

 It is not governed by rigid rules or principles, most often it is governed by intuition, felicity or
luck.
 According to Hans Gross, criminal investigation is 95% perspiration, 3% inspiration and 2 % of
luck, which means that a 100% of effort must be exerted (Garcia, 2004).

CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION AS A SCIENCE

 It involves a systematic method of inquiry therefore it is a science.

 It usually applies scientific knowledge, principles and methodologies in order to discover,
identify, collect process facts/ information to promote justice.
 The use of scientific method must be supplemented by initiative and resourcefulness. The
sequence of criminal investigation must follow a scientific operating framework that requires
imagination, innovation, and creativeness on the part of the investigator.

SPECIAL CRIME INVESTIGATION

 Deals with the study of major crimes based on the application of special investigative
techniques. It is also the study concentrates more on physical evidence; its collection, handling,
identification and preservation in coordination with the various criminalists in the crime
laboratory. Special crime investigation involves close relationship between the investigator in
the field and the investigator in the laboratory- the Criminalist.

DEFINITION OF TERMS:

1. Crime Scene –Any physical location in which a crime has occurred or is suspecting of having
occurred.
2. Primary Crime Scene –The original location of the crime or the accident.
3. Secondary Crime Scene –An alternative location such as where additional evidence may be
found.
4. Suspect –Person thought to be capable of committing a crime
5. Alibi –Statement of where a suspect, when the commission of crime occurred.
6. Drug Chemistry –Determines the presence of controlled substances and drugs.
7. Trace Chemistry –Identification and comparison of materials from fires, explosions, paints and
glasses.
8. Microscopy –Identification and comparison of hairs, fibers, woods, soils etc.
9. Biology/DNA –Presence and comparison of body fluids and dried stains such as blood, semen
and saliva.
PREPARED BY:
st st
1 1 MS. ELENA MAE CORONEL
MIDTER Instructor
M NOTED BY: APPROVED BY:
Week Meeting EMERITA S. MERCADAL MR. WILBERT A. MAÑUSCA
SHS Coordinator/Academic Head School Administrator
 Unit Special Crime Investigation
Module Crime Scene Investigation Page|3
SCILM SPECIAL CRIME INVESTIGATION WITH LEGAL Units: 3.0
MEDICINE

10. Toxicology –Determines the presence of poisons in tissue, blood, urine and other bodily fluids.

Duty of Criminal Investigator

1. Establish that, in fact, a crime was committed under the law.

2. Identify and apprehend the suspect.
3. To recover stolen property.
4. To assist the state in prosecuting the party charged with the offense.

Job of the Criminal Investigator

1. Discover whether or not an offense has been committed under the law.
2. After determining what specific offense has been committed, he must discover how, when, where,
why, what offense was committed.

Methods of Identifications of Criminals

Criminal are identified thru the following:

1. Confession and Admission

2. Statement of witnesses
3. Circumstantial Evidence
4. Associative Evidence

HISTORICAL FEATURES IN CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION

 The art and science of Criminal Investigation that exist today is the result of countless
development since policing was conceived and then institutionalized. The following is just a brief
account of some of the major milestone in the history of Criminal Investigation.

PREPARED BY:
st st
1 1 MS. ELENA MAE CORONEL
MIDTER Instructor
M NOTED BY: APPROVED BY:
Week Meeting EMERITA S. MERCADAL MR. WILBERT A. MAÑUSCA
SHS Coordinator/Academic Head School Administrator