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SONO BENJAMIN. i
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DECLARATION
I SONO BENJAMIN, declare that this report is based on my knowledge and
any of its kind has not been submitted anywhere in any kind. It’s with great
pleasure and honor to have this report to him it may concern.
This report includes an individual knowledge and work.
It includes and identifies basic skills learnt and used in field, the challenges and
achievements in the field and recognize the personnel that enabled the success
of this industrial training.
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APPROVAL
This is to certify that SONO BENJAMIN participated in and successfully
completed the industrial training in using ARCHICAD SOFTWARE in which
he acquired practical skills in designing floor plans, drawing of elevations, cross
sections, site location plans, site layout plans, door and window schedules, 3D
editing and photo rendering under my supervision. He there for presents this
report to be submitted to UBTEB on award in the civil department.
NAME: …………………………………………………
SIGNATURE: ………………………………………….
DATE: ………………………………………………….
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ABSTRACT:
The following is the summary of the activities done during this period of industrial training.
Starting Archicad program
Designing floor plans
Drawing Cross sections, elevations, door and window schedule
Drawing Site plans and site location plans
Documentation
3D editing and Photo rendering.
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
Ctrl ............................................. control
Ctrl + D....................................... Drag
Ctrl + Shift+ D............................ Drag a copy
Ctrl + M....................................... Mirror
Ctrl + Shift + M........................... Mirror a copy
Ctrl + E........................................ Rotate
Ctrl + Shift + E............................ Rotate a copy
O.................................................. Orbit
Ctrl + C........................................ Copy
Ctrl + A........................................ Highlight
Ctrl + V........................................ Paste
Ctrl + E………………………… Rotate
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
NAME AND INDEX NUMBER...........................................................................................................i
DECLARATION..................................................................................................................................ii
APPROVAL........................................................................................................................................iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT....................................................................................................................iv
ABSTRACT:.........................................................................................................................................v
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS................................................................................................................v
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................1
1.1PURPOSE OF THE TRAINING..................................................................................................1
1.2.0 KASOZI DESIGN ASSOCIATES...........................................................................................1
1.2.1 VISION....................................................................................................................................1
1.2.2 SERVICES OFFERED,............................................................................................................1
CHAPTER TWO:..................................................................................................................................1
2.1. STARTING ARCHICAD...........................................................................................................1
2.1.2 Procedure...............................................................................................................................1
CHAPTER THREE:..............................................................................................................................1
3.1.0 DESIGNING FLOOR PALNS.................................................................................................1
3.1.1 Procedure..................................................................................................................................2
3.2.0 INSERTING DOORS AND WINDOWS.................................................................................3
3.2.1 Procedure..................................................................................................................................3
3.3.0 BEAM AND COLUMNS.........................................................................................................4
3.4.0 SLABS......................................................................................................................................5
3.4.1 Procedure..................................................................................................................................5
3.5.0 STAIRS....................................................................................................................................5
3.5.1 Procedure..................................................................................................................................5
3.6.0 ROOF.......................................................................................................................................5
3.6.1 Procedure..................................................................................................................................6
3.7.0 DIMENSIONING.....................................................................................................................6
3.7.1 Procedure..................................................................................................................................6
3.8.0 LABELLING............................................................................................................................6
3.8.1 Procedure..................................................................................................................................6
3.9.0Tools used..................................................................................................................................6
CHAPTER FOUR.................................................................................................................................7
4.1.0 DRAWING THE CROSS SECTION.......................................................................................7
4.1.1 Procedure..................................................................................................................................7
4.2.0 DRAWING THE ELEVATIONS.............................................................................................8
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4.2.1 Procedure..................................................................................................................................8
4.3.0 DRAWING THE DOOR AND WINDOW SCHEDULES.......................................................9
4.3.1 Procedure..................................................................................................................................9
4.4.0 Tools used.................................................................................................................................9
CHAPTER FIVE...................................................................................................................................9
5.1.0 DRAWING SITE PLANS AND SITE LOCATION PLANS...................................................9
5.1.1 Procedure..................................................................................................................................9
5.2.0Tools used................................................................................................................................10
CHAPTER SIX...................................................................................................................................11
6.1.0 DOCUMENTATION OF THE WORK..................................................................................11
6.1.2 Procedure................................................................................................................................11
Setting the Master Layout............................................................................................................11
Creating a new layout..................................................................................................................11
Placing the drawings on the layout..............................................................................................11
Saving into pdf............................................................................................................................11
6.2.0 Tools used...............................................................................................................................11
CHAPTER SEVEN.............................................................................................................................11
7.1.0 3D EDITING AND PHOTO RENDERING...........................................................................11
7.1.1 3D Editing..............................................................................................................................11
7.1.2 Procedure................................................................................................................................11
7.2.0 PHOTO RENDERING...........................................................................................................12
7.2.1 Procedure................................................................................................................................12
7.3.0 Tools used...............................................................................................................................12
CHAPTER EIGHT................................................................................................................................1
8.1.0 LESSONS LEARNT................................................................................................................1
CHAPTER NINE..................................................................................................................................1
9.1.0 CHALLENGES........................................................................................................................1
9.2.0 RECOMMENDATIONS..........................................................................................................1
9.3.0 CONCLUSION........................................................................................................................1
APPENDIX.......................................................................................................................................2
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CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1.0 PURPOSE OF THE TRAINING
Increase on scope of view and learning new things that would not have been studied.
To improve on my workability skills and associating with other workers to make a better worker.
Apply theoretical approaches learnt at school into practice in world of work.
Gain experience in interaction and coordinating with the public (clients).
1.2.1 VISION
To provide an outstanding Architectural consultancy service, which consistently excels in the delivery of
economic, innovative and sustainable solution.
CHAPTER TWO:
2.1. STARTING ARCHICAD
This is the initial process prior to the starting of any projects using the program on the computer.
2.1.2 Procedure
Double click on the Archicad icon on the desktop or start all programs Graph Soft Archicad 2019 to start the
program
The start dialogue box appears.
Select option of create new project, choose Archicad 19 template.tpl from the drop down list to enable
default settings of the project.
Then setup the working environment to use through the project and most preferably if the previous setup is
okay then select last profile used and open the project.
CHAPTER THREE:
3.1.0 DESIGNING FLOOR PALNS
This starts with drafting simple sketches on paper in an arranged and systematic way in which the proposed
building is to be designed as per the client's desire and financial capacity, then produce the pencil work using
software programs i.e., Archicad
3.1.1 Procedure
Using a pen and a piece of paper, I came up with the necessary arrangements of the rooms to be
accommodated in the house in relation to the needs of the client. This is done in the consideration of various
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factors which include, income of client, purpose of the room, direction of sun rise and sun sets, size of plot of
land among others.
(Design> design tools >Wall)
Transfer of the idea from the paper to the Archicad interface (drawing area) for accuracy and neat workings
drawings.
Then I activated the wall tool to replace the initial line drawing on paper, however the wall tool has various
options that allow editing the height, thickness, model, type (i.e. curved, straight, polygonal or trapezoid).
Depending on the sketch the best option is taken that exactly fits with the artistic impression needed for the
building.
After the wall setting and I then positioned the walls in their right places using the mouse and pressing (ctrl +
D) on the keyboard and alternatively by clicking edit-move-drag, click on the element’s surface and move it
to new position and also dragged copy by pressing ctrl + shift + D which creates exact duplicate of the
selected elements i.e., wall.
Rotate (ctrl +E) by clicking edit-move-rotate, selected elements are able to be rotated through any angle as
required by the design. And rotating a copy is achieved by pressing (Ctrl-Shift-E)
Mirroring, this serves a purposes similar to that of the glaze mirror as it produces the exact duplicate of the
element at an equal perpendicular distance from the center of selection. This is instructed by pressing ctrl +
M and alternatively by selecting edit-move-mirror.
For storied building, the next floor can be created by selecting all the elements on the ground floor that are
expected to appear similar in the next floor, copied by pressing ctrl + c on the keyboard and pasting them on
the next floor by clicking (01 Story) in the navigation pallet and then ctrl + v. This will create another plan
and editing can be done to have the required design.
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3.2.1 Procedure
Click (Design>design tools>door/window)
Doors and windows are placed into walls Doors and windows to create openings into the wall.
The doors and window tools have similar characteristics and settings. There are nine panels in the door and
window settings dialog box.
Preview and positioning
Custom settings
Floor plan and section
Model
Reveal
Dimension Maker
Custom settings
Listings and labeling
Click door from command panel, click on the black arrow next to the name of the door/window to access the
show in library command.
Click on this to return to the browser part of this dialog box (on the left) to a state in which it shows the
position of the current door/window in the library hierarchy.
Door/window model panel; this controls the 3D display of the door or window. You can define the material
choices for door or window.
In addition to the surface material options for door or window defined in the pop-up menu, several different
materials for individual parts of the door or window can be specified in the GDL description using the
additional parameters of the opening.
Placement methods are defined in the preview and positioning tab page of the door/window settings dialog
boxes; the anchor point setting decides whether you will place the window or door by its center point or its
side. When satisfied with the choices made in the window or door settings dialog box you can start placing
openings
Insertion points for doors/windows, these can only be inserted into walls they cannot be placed
independently in the project.
To place the door, click on the desired wall edge, then click the second time, swing direction of the door to
required position.
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fig. 3.2: Door and window setting menus
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3.4.0 SLABS
These are the basic horizontal building blocks in Archicad.
They are typically used for modeling floors or split levels.
3.4.1 Procedure
Click (Design>Design tools>Slabs)
There are three Geometrical methods available for slabs from the info box
Polygonal
Rectangular
Rotated Rectangular
Create a polygonal slab using the first icon just like for the walls, the pet palette appears and allow you draw
straight and curved segments for the slab outline.
Slab’s polygon intersects itself, a warning appears, but the slab will be drawn.
The second and third icons allow you create a rectangular or a rotated rectangular slab. The rectangle slab is
always aligned orthogonally with the normal grid. The rotated rectangular method requires that you first
define a rotation vector then drag a cursor in the perpendicular direction to complete the slab.
After placing a slab, you may need to make modification in slabs geometry.
When you select a corner of a selected slab, it opens a palette with the following editing features;
Drag
Move Node
Offset all edges
Add to polygon
Subtract from polygon and others.
3.5.0 STAIRS
As from construction knowledge, stairs are structural elements which enable the access from one floor to
another in storied structures.
Stairs can be included onto the drawing plans of the designs either by using those of ArchiCad automatically
or using the create stair option from the stair setting dialogue box.
3.5.1 Procedure
(Design> design tools > Stair)
Open the stair default settings dialogue box.
Set the treads, rises and landings according to the required dimensions of construction.
There are settings of giving the physicality or expression of the stairs in 3D i.e.; - they may be of timber or
concrete.
3.6.0 ROOF
This is the process carried out at last after completing the construction works and before the finishes to
provide shade to the structure.
Roofs have different types which include the following; - hipped, flat, gable and lean to roof and they are
applied according to requirements of the client and desire of the client among others.
3.6.1 Procedure
(Design> design tools > Roof)
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Roof has two geometry methods in the info Box, allowing you to create both simple and complex roof
shapes. Which include; -
Single-plane for lean-To roof
Multi-plane for heaped and gable roofs
I double clicked on the roof tool and a setting palette appear, set all the specifications I needed e.g. Pitch
angle, height from the ground, among others.
I chose the polygon method of geometry in the info box then defined the shape of the roof by drawing it
around the wall outlines an it appeared after returning to my starting to point.
The roof shape and appearance in the 3D can always be edited by clicking on the black spots (nodes) at its
corners, drag them to have the actual shape needed.
3.7.0 DIMENSIONING.
Dimensions are included in the drawing to show length, width, height and thickness details for walls, rooms,
doors, windows among others
3.7.1 Procedure.
Click (Document> document tools > Dimension)
This opens the dimensions’ settings menu under which all setting for dimension e.g. Font style and size,
witness line among others.
After setting all the desired settings, press enter key and the move the cursor to the plan. Say, when
dimensioning rooms, move the cursor to the wall, Once the wall gets blue lines on its edges, click and to
spots will appear across its thickness. Move the cursor to the next wall and do the say as before. Then double
click above spots and move to the positon where the dimension is supposed to be.
For the floor pans, openings, rooms and overall length of the building, for the cross section, the height of the
walls, window sill, door, beam, among others are dimensioned
3.8.0 LABELLING.
This is the attaching of names to rooms, labels on doors and windows among others. They are included on
every drawing for easy interpretation.
3.8.1 Procedure.
(Document> document tools >Text)
Double clicked on the text tool then set the desired text size, font style, color among others.
After setting, I then clicked on the place I need the text and typed. E.g. text like Lounge, Bedroom, kitchen,
among others.
3.9.0Tools used
Mouse
Monitor
keyboard
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1.0 DRAWING THE CROSS SECTION
This is the section through the building mainly to show the details to be followed when constructing the
building right from foundation to roof structure.
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4.1.1 Procedure.
Select the cross section tool, draw the section line through the ground plan.
Double click on the cross section tool in the navigation palette, a cross section through the building will be
created automatically.
Select everything and press Ctrl + C, go back to the ground floor sheet and press Ctrl + V to paste the section
drawing.
Select and delete all un wanted lines that appear in the drawing e.g. in the windows and doors.
Using the marque tool, draw a boundary around the drawing and press Ctrl + A and then press Alt + G or
click on the suspended group tool to separate the elements in the drawing to be independent, the press the
esp. key to unselect them.
Click on the fill tool and the press Ctrl + A and them delete them.
Using lines, draw every missing detail e.g., roof members and substructure, on the drawing and also hatch
the drawing using fills. Features like intersect, trim, split, among others are used to come up will the
drawing.
The drawing is finally dimensioned to show the window sills, wall and beam heights,
If the building is storied, floor levels are also added to show the start and end of every floor.
fig. 4.1: Cross section for both non-storied and storied buildings
4.2.1 Procedure.
The procedure followed when drawing the elevation is just similar to that followed when drawing the cross
section.
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fig. 4.2: Elevations
4.3.1 Procedure
These are drawn using the line tool and text is added using the text tool.
The elevations of the doors and windows are added by coping them from the automatic elevations and pasted
in the table and afterwards dimensioned.
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fig. 4.3: Door and window Schedules
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1.0 DRAWING SITE PLANS AND SITE LOCATION PLANS.
Site plans are drawings that show how the way the building is to be placed in the plot, and site location plans
are drawings that show the direction to the proposed site.
5.1.1 Procedure
Following the client's details about the site, it is searched using Internet on Google maps and the site is
located.
On a computer, right click on one point e.g., on an existing building near the site, then click on measure in
the palette that appears, and move the cursor to another point to measure the actual ground distance.
Two screenshot are then taken, one larger than the other. They are saved and dragged into Archicad program.
A line equal to the actual distance measured from Google maps is drawn starting from the one point through
the other point. This line is drawn to be used for resizing the screenshot photo to match the Archicad scale.
This is done by clicking on the resize tool, the click on the starting point of our line, move the cursor to the
next point in the photo and click. Then move the cursor to the last point of the line and the photo will be
resized and match with the scale in Archicad.
Lines are then drawn on top of the photo to trace it into Archicad. Figures like existing buildings, roads are
traced. After tracing, the photo is moved to another position.
For the site plan, the site outlines are dimensioned to show the size of the plot and then ground floor plan
placed inside the proposed site. This is done by selecting elements in the ground plan. Then click Ctrl + Shift
+ D to drag a copy into the site out lines.
The new plan on site is the moved and rotated (Ctrl + E) to the exact position leaving distance from plot
outlines. E.g. 3m behind, 2m in the sides and 7m in front inclusive of the road reserve.
Distances from the site outlines are dimensioned, drainage plan is also shown by showing the man holes,
septic tank and soak pit. All these are drawn using lines.
Fills are included to show paved areas, parking area, green grass, path ways among others.
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For the site location plan the larger photo is traced and roads are named, existing schools, hotels, hospitals
among others are also named. Arrows are also drawn to show directions to the site.
The site is named as Proposed Site.
fig. 5.1: Site location and site layout plans for the proposed Bukasa primary school staff quarters
5.2.0Tools used
Mouse
Monitor
Keyboard.
CHAPTER SIX
6.1.0 DOCUMENTATION OF THE WORK.
This is the placing all the drawings on paper saving them for printing.
6.1.2 Procedure
Setting the Master Layout
A master layout is the layout that bares the title block and all layouts bare features from the master layout.
Under the navigator palette click (layout book> masters> Al landscape)
This displays the master layout. Using lines and text the title block is drawn and all the require information,
like, architect, name of the client, project title, drawing title, scale, drawn by, among others.
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Creating a new layout
click (layout book> create new layout)
This will display the layout setting’s menu from where the layout is named and assigned a master layout.
CHAPTER SEVEN
7.1.0 3D EDITING AND PHOTO RENDERING
7.1.1 3D Editing
This the adding of objects, mesh, and editing the finishes of the building. The mesh tool is normally used for
designing the compound and parking area.
7.1.2 Procedure
When adding the mesh, click (Design> design tool> Mesh) to open its setting menu. Thickness of the mesh,
the offset from home story among others can be set and press Enter key.
There are three Geometrical methods available for mesh from the info box
Polygonal
Rectangular
Rotated Rectangular
The mesh is drawn just like the slab is drawn.
When including the objects like trees, people, vehicles, flowers among others, click (Design> Design tools>
Object tool) this displays the object setting’s menu from which you select any object and set its height, size,
model among others.
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Then the object can be added in the ground plan by clicking at the place where it’s needed and can be
dragged and rotated to the actual position.
All the elements seen in the 3D window can be changed color so as to get the actual design needed.
7.2.1 Procedure
Open the 3d widow and rotate the building to the desired angle using the orbit and pan tools
Click (Document> Creative imaging> Photo rendering settings)
The photo rendering setting’s menu is displayed and all setting like Quality of the photo, Light environment
and back ground are set from this menu.
Under environment, the clouds that show weather can be chose e.g. friendly afternoon, clear, sun set gray
among others so as to show a more real environment.
After all settings, click in the small photo in this window to generate the expected photo, and the click on this
icon , at the bottom of the menu to generate the photo, this may take some time to generate it. After the
entire photo has been generated, right click> save as, to save the photo.
fig. 7.1: Artistic view of the proposed Bukasa fig. 7.2: Artistic view of my practice project of a
primary school staff quarters conference hall
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fig. 7.3: Artistic view my practice project of a fig. 7.4: Artistic view of the proposed hostels
residential house. for Mr. Kabanda
CHAPTER EIGHT
8.1.0 LESSONS LEARNT
During this training, I have managed to improve on my drafting and designing skills.
Using the archicad program, I have learnt to; -
Draw the floor plans for both storied and non-storied buildings
Draw the elevations, Cross section door and window Schedules
Draw the site plans and site layout plans
Photo renothers
Among others
CHAPTER NINE
9.1.0 CHALLENGES
As every activity has certain challenges, some challenges have been faced during this training and they
include the following; -
Freezing of the computer during learning and practicing.
Slowdown of the computer due to doing a project of large capacity.
Computer viruses which corrupted my work.
High costs of feeding.
High transport costs due to staying a distance from the training center.
9.2.0 RECOMMENDATIONS
All computers should be installed with anti- virus software to eliminate the challenge of freezing and file
corruption.
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This is a humble request that the trainees should at least be give some allowance to help in facilitating them
in the training period since they not only learn but also do activities that move the institution's work ahead.
9.3.0 CONCLUSION
Despite the challenges, I must confirm that the training went on and ended successfully, I can now produce
various projects using the Archicad on my own without external help.
A lot of ideas and new skills were at my disposal.
It has been a great experience to have work (plans and 3D drawing) on computer something different from
what I have been doing in the first year of my program.
It has been a challenging exercise but I have been able to learn new skills of designing that are to help me in
my learning exercise and also use them in future at work.
I conclude by thanking the ministry of education and sports for allowing students with industrial training
time through which we are able to learn skills needed in the job market.
Special thanks go to Mr. Kasozi Steven, The Principal Architect of Kasozi Design Associates, Mr.
Tushabomwe Mathias, the field Supervisor, and other staff to accept and allow to had my Industrial training
done with them.
GOD BLESS YOU.
FOR GOD AND MY COUNTRY.
APPENDIX
fig. 11: Ground floor plan of my first assignment for the proposed staff quarters or Bukasa primary school
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fig. 12: Busy doing my Assignment fig. 13: ground plan of the conference hall
fig. 14: Artistic view of my practice project fig. 15: Cross section of the proposed Church in
Kyanja
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