Professional Documents
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ENGINEERING PERSONNEL: 2011
FEBUARY, 2011
ATTESTATION
Thank you.
Name:………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Position:…..………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Company:…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Sign:………………………………………………………………………………Date:…………………………
DEDICATION
This report is a dedication to all practitioners especially in the art, science and
engineering families whose professional and distinct contributions have been
insightful and have inspired the coming engineers to a great deal in reasoning out-
of-the-box in their day-to-day engineering decision.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I have been indebted to the inspiring and conducive environment made possible by
the Management and Staff of UF-A Consultants as a huge part of this report had
been derived from the activities being performed while I was under the obligation of
the company.
I have also acknowledge with gratitude the advise, encouragement and push of a
respected senior colleague – Joseph Olabode Dayo and more so for the inputs and
assistance of yet another colleague and a friend- Saheed Ogunniyi
Thank you.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contents Page
Title Page…………………………………………………………………………………………. 1
Attestation……………………………………………………………………………… 2
Dedication…………………………………………………………………….. 3
Acknowledgement………………………………………………… 4
Table of Contents………………………………………… 5
Part I
Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………. 6
Self Biography………………………………………………………………………….. 7
Bio-data…………………………………………………………………………. 8
Part II
Reference………………………………………………………………………………… 36-37
Proposal………………………………………………………………………… 37-38
INTRODUCTION
This report touches on some of the projects of which I have assumed a core role
and executed either independently or under the supervision of registered Senior
Engineers.
SELF BIOGRAPHY
Between 2010 till date, I have been involved in reports writing on the condition
assessment/integrity check of various lattice communication
structures(towers/masts) including supervision, modification works on topsides
structures and Platforms/Decks (Oil and Gas related). I presently owned my
professional obligations to Metti Consultants as a Design/Project Engineer.
BIO-DATA
SEX: Male
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
PROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIP
Corporate Member: Nigerian Society of Engineers, NSE: 23454.
PROFESSIONAL TRAINING
1 Level 3 & General Hse Training: Nigerian Institute of Safety
Professional(NISP), 2010
2 Essential Software Solution for Structural Engineer: CSC, 2010
3 Oil & Gas Production Facilities Course: EPCM Engineers, 2009
4 Project Management Professional: BI-TRAX Axxent, 2009
METTI CONSULTANTS
SURULERE LAGOS
LAGOS - NIGERIA
DATE TO
March – July 2010 Engineer, Shell Petroleum Development Company, Reports on Dr. Moses
Structural Assessment/Integrity Check of Various Tower/Mast, Iyengunwena
Rivers State
April 2010 Structural Engineer, Proposed Development for Justice Engr. Olumide Fatoki,
Ogunwunmi, Lagos
March 2010 Structural Engineer, Formwork Limited, Design of a Proposed Engr. Olumide Fatoki,
18-Storey Mixed Use Development for Sancoemex Nigeria Engr. S. Moshood
Feb 2010 Structural Engineer, Formwork Limited, Design of a Proposed Engr. Olumide Fatoki,
3-Storey Guest House Development for Joseph Gaba, V.I., Engr. S. Moshood
Lagos.
Jan 2010 Structural Engineer, Arctive Consultants Ltd, Design of a Engr. Olumide Fatoki
Proposed 4-Storey Development for Twin & Rivers Nig. Ltd @
Ikoyi, Eti Osa L.G.A., Lagos.
Jan 2010 Structural Engineer, Integrated Projects, Proposed 3-Storey Engr. J.O. Olabode
Apartment for Ayodele Samuel @ Nicon Town, Lekki, Lagos
Dec 2009 Structural Engineer, AEK Design Services/Archactive Engr. J.O. Olabode
Architects, Proposed 5-Storey Apartment @ Macdonard Road,
Lagos.
November 2009 Structural Engineer, Formwork Limited, Design of a 7-Storey Engr. Olumide Fatoki,
Banking Hall for GTB @ Maitama, Abuja Engr. S. Moshood
August 2009 Structural Engineer, Atubu & Associates, Design of a 3-Storey Engr. J.O. Olabode
Development @ Lekki Peninsula, Lagos
July 2009 Structural Engineer, Landscape architect, Design of a Twin Engr. J.O. Olabode
Duplex Residential Estate @ Asaba, Delta State
June 2009 Project Engineer, Design and Supervision of FTD Flats Engr. J.O. Olabode
Remodelling at bourdillon road, Ikoyi, Lagos.
May 2009 Structural Engineer, Sanderton Ventures Limited, Design of a Engr. J.O. Olabode
3-Storey development for Lagos State Government Ministry of
Housing @ Lateef Jakande, Agidingbi, Lagos
Feb 2009 Structural Engineer, Cyberspace, Design of a 3-Storey Office Engr. J.O. Olabode
Renovation for Visafone @ Saka Tinubu, V.I., Lagos
Nov 2008 Project Engineer, AEK Design Services, Design and Engr. J.O. Olabode
Supervision of Residential development (5-Storey) for
nd
Capanava Investment & Properties Ltd, at 2 Avenue Estate,
Ikoyi. 50 million
Aug 2008 Structural Engineer, Archetype Consults, Design of a Engr. Rotimi Antonio
residential development for Treasury Components Limited,
Ikoyi, Lagos.
July 2008 Project Engineer, Archetype, Design of a residential Engr. Rotimi Antonio
development for Treasury Components Limited, Ikoyi-Lagos
June 2008 Project Engineer, Report on the Structural Assessment/ Engr. Rotimi Antonio
Integrity of NPA (Nigerian Ports Authority) fire damaged
building/headquarters in Lagos.
April 2008 Project Engineer, Traffic Study, Economic analysis and Engr. Rotimi Antonio
evaluation of a proposed Cable Stayed Bridge linking Lekki
Epe Expressway to Ikoyi, Lagos.
Feb, 2007 Geotechnical Engineer, Soil investigation and laboratory Dr. Folayan
testing for NLNG, Bonny Island for, PH.
2006 Project Engineer, Structural Steel Work and Office BlockS for Mattew
Sona Breweries Nig. Plc, Sango, Ogun State
1. Structural Steel Work and Office Blocks for Sona Breweries Nig.
Plc, Sango, Ogun State
Sona Breweries Company is a factory that deals with the production and
packaging of soft drinks. The factory comprises the manufacturing workshop,
production workshop, packaging workshop and the block of offices. The workshops
are framed with steel stanchions and beams. The structure is a portal frame
structure of a UC/UB at 6m apart with cladding around it. The office block is a one
storey building in reinforced concrete structure.
The design of the office blocks were done in reinforced concrete structure
using the BS 8110. The first floor slabs were designed as 150mm solid slab with
230mm x 450mm deep down stand beams to stiffen the panels. The beams in turn
transfer the load through the columns to the pad foundation.
The workshop was designed using the BS5950, choosing the appropriate
UB/UC sections. The stanchions transfer the entire load from the roof to the isolated
footings.
I had challenges using very efficiently the RCD software provided for the
design being my first time, which invariably affected expected time of delivery. But
with the constant intervention and monitoring of a senior colleague the pressure was
lessen, all challenges resolved and work prepared and dispatched for
implementation.
The Client reportedly observed cracks on some beams (2No) framing the
commercial residence located at No. 58, Isaac John Street, GRA, Ikeja Lagos State.
Methodology employed
Observations
Category A
This was a beam on the first floor. It supports its self weight, block wall
above it and weight of adjoining slabs. It appeared to be simply supported and
spans about 5.92m centers. It sustained vertical cracks (tension movement cracks)
around its mid span and at sections close to its two supports.
Category B
The second category was a lintel also on the first floor, which supports its self
weight, weight of block wall above it and a point load from another lintel of about
3.28m long, which frames transversely into it. The lintel sustained vertical cracks at
a portion close to its mid-span where it supports adjourning lintel and at other
portions similar to that of category A.
Report
The lintel in category B was introduced to support walls above it following the
demolition of a pre-existing partitioned wall to create an opening for gaining
access into an adjoining cabinet which was formally a toilet enclosure.
Cracks started off as small surface cracks, expanded and became more visible
and pronounced with time.
Desk Studies
Design Criteria
The beam described in category A, which at the time of investigation served
as an internal structural element was original envisaged and designed as an external
element. The design criteria employed to the beams profile before alteration was
obviously different from its present loading conditions.
This section present a design philosophy that shows the amount of load that
might have been superimpose on the pre-existing beams, which we believe, at the
time of alteration was not cater for and as a result the optimum performance and
stability of the element have been compromised.
Loading:
Partition = 1.50KN/m2
= 7.73KN/m2
This includes load transfer on beam minus wall load. This situation may be
considered since the beam under consideration does not entirely have block wall
above it.
The cracks observed on both categories A and B, which very likely, are the
after effects of poor engineering decisions at the time when alteration works was
being done, are suggestive of over-stressed beam elements. Such defects
characterized elements subject to an overall critical (ultimate) loads for which such
elements where not originally designed to cater for or withstand.
We could continue further assessment and monitoring of the cracks by including the
use of:
These tests, when employed, will ascertain if cracks still continue or not.
In the event when cracks progress; this may signifies weakening of the beam
concrete profile due to limited load carrying capacity. In such case the following
options below were presented as suggestive measures for correcting defects.
Option I:
The floor soffit around affected beam to be propped, beam demolished and
reconstructed with improved design calculation and decision for the situation.
Option II:
Option I:
Both supporting and supported lintel to be demolished along with the block
walls above them, which they provide support to. The demolition must continue to
and stop at the soffit of the roof beam above the demolished block wall on lintels.
Option II:
Vertical Crack on Beam. A Close-up View of Cracked Beam.
Plate
Vertical Crack on Lintel Crack at the Soffit Of Lintel
alongside a transverse lintel
Fire reportedly gutted the sixth floor Boardroom and ancillary facilities of the
Nigerian Port Authority (NPA) head office in Lagos, on 19 July 2008. The prompt
response of the NPA staff and its fire department assisted by other concerned fire
departments around the vicinity, limited the duration of the fire to less than three
hours.
Our commission was for the assessment of damage and investigations of the
building’s integrity and stability as a whole.
Problem Encountered.
Visual inspections carried out with photographs taken, suggested much of the
furniture, ceiling and other timber related installations; glass fenestration and
supporting metal frames and floor rugs as well as boarded partitions were
extensively damaged and combusted during the fire.
Overall rebound hammer tests confirmed the relatively high quality of work at
the time of construction as well as its good upkeep over the years. However, the
observation of a slight deflection to the roof slab resulting in sway to the partition
block wall beneath it led us to discover an extensive 7.5 – 8.0m long crack concealed
beneath the roof felt above the board room. Dye Tracer test confirmed significant
seepage through this crack and hence the need to demolish and reconstruct the roof
slab along with six (6No) failed reinforced concrete columns which support it.
Solution Proffered.
The assessed section of the NPA Head Office Building was obviously been
subjected to extremely high temperature and stresses beyond the normal
environmental expectations. This resulted in extensive deterioration, damage and
failure to the various structural and non-structural elements within and around the
sixth floor wing of the building. It was important to carry out repair works and
Remove all metal, ceramic and timber works installations including windows
and frames, doors and frames, ceramic toilet, kitchen cabinets and fixtures for
disposal or storage.
The entire roof felting of the NPA main block should be removed and the
entire fire affected portion of the roof slab and supporting beams carefully
demolished and carted away from site.
Demolish and cart away all sandcrete block walls (of 100mm, 150mm and
225mm thickness) including lintel beams above doors and windows within the
six the floor enclosure.
Demolish all failed reinforced concrete columns from the roof level to the top
of the sixth floor slab. Exposing and retaining all reinforcing steel for
inspection and further action.
Demolish and cart away or proper disposal of all debris on the floor including
floor finishing and screed above the sixth floor reinforced concrete slab,
within the conference room, ancillary rooms and balconies.
Reconstruct the entire roof slab and supporting beams (including formwork
and reinforcement. Provide screed to top of slab and three layers of
bituminous felting to top of slab, beams, and parapet walls.
Problem encountered.
Solution Proffered.
In ensuring that the reduced columns performed the role which they were
being designed for: to providing adequate support for other building components
framing into them and not to jeopardize the integrity of the structure as a whole, the
columns were strengthen by increasing the columns section sizes to 450x450mm
and corresponding area of reinforcement and this was done amidst provision for
adequate propping system.
Problem encountered
The 600x600mm external columns framing the structure were restrained but
in one direction up to the starting off level of the new suspended floors which are
about 10.2m from ground floor. While the restrained faces of the columns had their
effective length reduce, there were speculations to reduce the slenderness of the
unrestrained faces, otherwise they could be liable to distress under unforeseen
critical external loading impact due to huge effective length possessed by these
members. Hence the need to break the columns length in the unrestrained direction.
However the option of concrete beams as restrained members wasn’t applicable as
no connection or load transfer/exchange between the new and old structure was to
be allowed.
Solution Proffered
FTD 20 BOUDILLON FRAME GEOMETRY
NEW FRME
PERIPHERAL COLUMNS EXISTING
RESTRAINED STRUCTURE
IN ONE DIRECTION
The terrain slopes gently and has a flowing river to the west wing which
probably accounted for the high water table level that characterized the entire
surroundings
Problem Encountered
The contractor had challenge of ground water ingression into excavated work
site through the adjacent flowing river source. This situation resulted into a water-
logged condition thereby slowing down work considerably and causing safety
problems such as erosion, collapse of the sides of excavation and partial flooding.
Solution Provided
To curb the situation a retaining wall barrier media (ranging between 2.5-
3.5m in height) known as water exclusion system was introduced to stop the water
getting into the excavation. This did not only guarantee a cut-off of the river source,
it also ensured the containment of back-fill as well as positioning the site safely for
work progress. In essence the retaining walls which in addition to supporting the soil
also provided barrier against the ingress of water, thereby ensuring safe work site.
Problem Encountered.
The challenge was achieving a safe and stable structure without reducing the
numbers of proposed suspended floors or advancing beyond the client request for a
cost-effective implementation venture.
Solution Proffered.
Since the scope to keep the expense of the project within cost-effective limit
was made known in good times, it was easy considering measure at achieving this at
the conceptual design phase.
To cater for all loadings that may be bore by the underlying soil through the
foundation without recourse to the use of piles for support, an apron was
incorporated in the raft thereby spreading the raft footprint 1.5m beyond the
building line. This enabled the envisaged building load being transferred over a
wider floor area with a consequent mark reduction of the soil pressure to
61.2KN/m2. More so in reducing the building overall weight, the use of clay bricks as
partitioning materials were adopted in lieu sancrete blocks. Clay brick is known to
weigh 30% of sandcrete block.
TWIN A
AND RIVERS
S BASE PRESSURE
P (N/mm2) ORION
O BUILDING DESSIGN SYSTE
EM
Introduction:
For the purpose of this report, I have named each building unit as unit 1
(from -3m) and unit 2 (from -0m) according to their positions.
The aim of this report is to present the output of the foundation design.
Analysis:
The analysis of the buildings have been done in accordance with the provision
of the relevant code, 6399 Part 1, and other associated guidelines and we have
adopted the use of STAAD PRO for this analysis.
Raft 2500 79
Table below showing results of the base analysis at serviceability state limits.
Unit 2 0m 127*
Desk Studies
Therefore the maximum expected allowable soil pressure for cellular raft
=79 + 45 =124KN/m2
Hence, for a cellular raft option, we have a maximum allowable soil pressure
which is less than the obtained respective base pressures of 127 and
169KN/M2.
Recommendation
On the basis of the result of the analysis we had suggested mobilizing the soil
allowable bearing capacity to support the applied load by vibro-flotation, a soil
improvement method.
We have deemed this method a better option as it would ensure retaining the
separation joints in the buildings. The pile option can be considered while the
separation joints may be compromised.
Columns were being provided to start-off from authorized boundary lines and
raked to pick extended upper respective floors at edges. The condition was
simulated by the use of a design software application called Orion and was found to
have performed well according to expectations.
SOU
UTH WING
EXT
TENTION
R
RAKED COL
LUMN
The development was originally schemed and designed to serve for commercial
purpose. The entire structure is divided into two parts according to its use, namely:
The Main Building and The Workshop Unit. Each part is separated from the other by
50mm separation joint to allow for difference in settlement rate that may arise due
to foundation differences and extent of other loading arrangement.
Main Building
This comprise of ground floor which serves as the car show room to be supported on
well compacted underlying soil grade and six suspended floors being stiffened by
adjoining beams and all loadings considered are transferred through supporting
columns into the bearing soil through pile foundation arrangement.
Workshop Unit
As the name already suggest, the ground floor of the workshop unit is an open
space which serves as a car workshop. It contains a Mezzanine(first) floor whose
floor area make up less than 1/4th of the workshop (ground)floor. Its roof level is at
the second floor level of the Main Building with self supporting steel lattice roof
trusses spanning about 16.7m. The foundation is a combination of raft, isolated and
combine footings which as a whole covers a footprint of about…….
It is important at this point to mention that the main building aspect has constituted
technical challenges upon which this report is to be based.
The Challenges
At construction stage midway into pile installation, the Client through the Architect
saw and communicated the need to increase the numbers of proposed floors from 6
to 8.
From the soil report, the geotechnical results advice a 600KN SWL of 600mm
diameter pile bored to a depth of 15m due to high water table. This was the
size adopted for construction(see pile layout)
ground floor showed that an average of 750KN SWL of pile capacity was what
required to sufficiently sustaining the superstructure. Hence making grossly
inadequate the provided 600kN SWL pile(See reaction load fig…..).
The architect also informed us of the client desire to maximize each floor
headroom especially in the offices floors.
SOLUTION
Working load for 600mm dia. Bored pile installed to 15m depth has been calculated
based on the subsoil investigation repor by Labion Geotechnics Ltd.
Considering borehole log 1 & 2, it is seen that pile depth recommended is 15m and it
is technically viable.
= 4 x 15
= 60kg/cm2
Qb = Ab x Ckd
= ߨ/4(0.6)2 x 5880
= 1662KN
Shaft Resistance, Qf
Average ‘N’ SPT value for 3m to 15m depth is 11 and unit skin friction is given by
Meyerhoff’s relationship,
K = 4 x 11/2 = 22
Reference
Manuals of Orion
Mosley, W.H & Bungey J.H. (1990) Reinforced Concrete Design, Macmillan Press Ltd.
Oyenuga, V.O (2002) Manuals on Reinforced Concrete Design Software, Asros Ltd.
www.uf-a.com
www.progressengineers.com
PROPOSAL