毓 僑 中 學

PHILIPPINE YUH CHIAU SCHOOL

Del Pilar, Cabatuan, Isabela
Transforming Lives through Education with Quality Assurance
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
SY 2021-2022
COMPLETE NAME: ______Hans Dane J. Balingue____________ GRADE LEVEL/SECTION: _Grade 9 DXP__

MODULE 1: ENGLISH 9
MAIN TOPIC: Sources of Information
SUBTOPIC/S: A. Importance of Communication Skills B. Communicative Styles for Various Situations
C. Function and Use of Various Media
WEEK 1: September 13-17, 2021

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
At the end of this module, I will be able to say I can:
1. distinguish features and concepts about verbal and nonverbal communication strategies;
2. determine the communicative style of speech;
3. describe the main functions of the media in free society; and
4. compare different print media formats and their respective audiences.

A. IMPORTANCE OF COMMUNICATION SKILLS

What is Communication?

Information by signs and signals speaking, writing or using some other medium and means is
called communication.

Objectives of Effective Communication

● Sending, receiving and understanding the message or information.
● Development of Interpersonal Skills
● To express effectively & with maximum efficiency

COMMUNICATION CYCLE

Communication Cycle is the process by which a message is sent by one individual and it passes through a
chain of recipients. The timings and effectiveness of a communication cycle is based on how long it takes for
feedback to be received by the initial sender.

TERMS IN COMMUNICATION
Sender: the person or entity originating the
communication
Message: the information that the sender
wishes to convey
Encoding: how the sender chooses to bring the
B. message into a form appropriate
COMMUNICATIVE STYLESfor sending
FOR
VARIOUS SITUATIONS

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 ● Channel: the means by which the message is sent.
● Receiver: the person or entity to whom the message is sent.
● Decoding: how the receiver interprets and understands the message.
● Feedback: the receiver's response to the message
IMPROVING COMMUNICATION SKILLS

Here are some pointers to look out for when looking to improve your ability to effectively communicate
with others:
1. Listening
To become a good communicator, it is important to be a good listener. It is important to practice active
listening – pay close attention to what others are saying and clarify ambiguities by rephrasing their questions for
greater understanding.
2. Conciseness
Convey your message in as few words as possible. Do not use filler words and get straight to the point.
Rambling will cause the listener to tune out or be unsure of what you are talking about. Avoid speaking
excessively and do not use words that may confuse the audience.
3. Body language
It is important to practice good body language, use eye contact, utilize hand gestures, and watch the tone
of the voice when communicating with others. A relaxed body stance with a friendly tone will aid in making you
look approachable by others.
Eye contact is important in communication – look the person in the eye to indicate that you are focused
on the conversation. But make sure to not stare at the person as it can make him or her uncomfortable.
4. Confidence
Be confident in what you say and in your communication interactions with others. Being confident can be
as easy as maintaining eye contact, maintaining a relaxed body stance, and talking with concision. Try not to
make statements sound like questions and avoid trying to sound aggressive or demeaning.
5. Open-mindedness
In situations where you disagree with what someone else has to say, whether it be with fellow learners,
strangers, or a friend, it is important to sympathize with their point of view rather than simply try to get your
message across. Respect the opinion of others and never resort to demeaning those who do not agree with you.
6. Respect
Respecting what others have to say and acknowledging them is an important aspect of communication.
Being respectful can be as simple as paying attention to what they have to say, using the person’s name, and not
being distracted. By respecting others, the other person will feel appreciated, which will lead to a more honest
and productive conversation.
7. Using the correct medium
There are several different forms of communication to use – it is important to choose the right one. For
example, communicating in person about serious matters (concerns, problems, misunderstandings of concepts) is
more appropriate than sending a message regarding the matter.

The Importance of Communication Skills

Having strong communication skills aids in all aspects of life – from professional life to personal life and
everything that falls in between. Good communication skills are essential to allow others and yourself to
understand information more accurately and quickly.

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 In contrast, poor communication skills lead to frequent misunderstanding and frustration.

“One of the sincerest forms of respect is actually listening to what another to say.”
– Bryant McGill (American Author)

Source: https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/careers/soft-skills/communication/

B. COMMUNICATIVE STYLES FOR VARIOUS SITUATIONS

Good communication skills are also important in your everyday life. The way you
communicate has a big impact on how you get on with people. These enable you to avoid
miscommunication that may lead to conflicts and problems.

There are different types of communicative styles to help you develop good communication skills
in different situations. These are intimate, casual, conversational, consultative and frozen.

COMMUNICATIVE DESCRIPTION EXAMPLES

STYLES
This type of communicative style applies
to conversational experiences between and/ or ● Sharing of secrets
among people who share intimate relationships. between friends
Usually done in private, this also shows no social ● Parents talking about their
boundaries among the speakers considering their family goals.
Intimate intimacy. This also employs informal and ● Meditation
intimate language. This style is often used with
your family, friends, and loved ones. This does
not need complete articulation since there is
already an established style of communication
that does not need correct grammar.
This is an informal language used by
friends and peers. Slang vulgarities and ● Everyday conversations
colloquialism, informal contractions (e.g aint, with buddies or friends.
dunno, gonna) are normal in this type of style. ● A personal message and
This uses “group language”, so only members of personal emails.
the group can understand it. Here, nicknames are ● Blogs
used in addressing one another. This is ● Tweets
considered to be a personal type of conversation ● Letter to friends
Casual
that may include conversation over the phone, ● Phone Class
SMS, or through social media. ● Messages in the
messenger
This is used in semiformal ● Regular class discussions
communication, where sentences tend to be ● Doctor-patient
shorter and spontaneous. It happens on two-way ● Lawyer- client
Consultative
participation. It uses in planned speech. This is ● Counselor- client
the normal style for speaking to strangers or ● Group discussion
persons who are neither acquaintances nor ● Teacher-student
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 friends nor relatives. It is used also in some group ● Expert- apprentice
discussions. Conversation at school,
organizations, workplace, etc. It has the tendency
of having average speed. Since sentences tend to
be shorter and less planned.
Formal speeches are straightforward. It ● Meetings
is used in speaking to large groups and is ● Speeches
impersonal in nature. Speaker must frame whole ● School lessons
sentences ahead before they are delivered. It ● Corporate meeting
avoids using slang terminologies and uses formal ● Interview
English. Language is comparatively rigid and has ● SONA
Formal
a set, agreed-upon vocabulary structured ● Welcome address
complex sentences and noun phrases. ● Announcements
● Orations
● Scholarly books/articles
● Research papers
● Technical reports
● National Anthem
The most formal communicative style is ● Holy Mass
usually used in formal situations. This type of ● Religious Rites/ Rituals
communicative style rarely or never changes. It ● Pledge of Allegiance
is “frozen” in time and content. It is generally ● Constitution
Frozen
used in a very formal setting. This is the most ● The Lord’s Prayer
formal communicative style. It has a fixed and ● Oath
static language and uses long sentences with a ● Creed
good command of grammar.

Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wPMqT9fNtJ8

Exercise 1
Directions: Recall and analyze the following communication or language styles. Think of an example for each
style based from its given definition. Write your answer in the space provided.

1. Frozen
 Language that does not change:
- Prayers and pledges, "set" speech which is often scripted.
Example: __”Panatang Makabayan iniibig ko ang Pilipinas, Tahanan ng aking lahi, kinukupkop ako at
tinutulungan….”________________________.

2. Formal
 Complete sentences and specific word usage:
- Formal English often used to show respect used in places such as work, school and public offices.
Examaple: “Good evening parents, for todays agenda, we are going to talk about the learning process of
our learnrs this school year 2021-2022”.

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 3. Consultative
 Formal register used in conversation:
- Language of conversations with colleagues, peers, etc.
Example: _______”I’ll later remind you about your medication for this month”__________________.

4. Casual
 Language used in conversation with friends:
- Idiomatic and often full of slang, used to signal belonging to a given group.
Example: _______”Hey dude, can you come to my house, my parents agreed so its all
good”__________________________.

5. Intimate
 Language between close family members:
- "Private" language full of code words only known to the members.
Example: ___”Hey, don’t forget to bring what “the rock” has been asking for last night, The razons
are waiting”_______________________.
Exercise 2
Directions: Read and analyze some phrases that belong to different communicative situations, such as
“greeting”, “complaint” and “encouragement”. Copy & paste each of them into the right category:
Frozen Formal Consultative Casual Intimate
“Good morning, “Good evening “Good day “Oh man, I “Good
may I speak members of the (name), how miss you so morning
with…” Rotary Club of was your much, how dumb
Cauayan” sleep this are ya? dumb!”
morning?”
Greeting

“This is a “I hope you don’t “ Excuse me, “Oh Bob, just “ Im so sick
complaint for the mind me Ms. Jones” wait a and tired of
damages…” stating…” minute!” your
whining”
Complaint

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 “I offer you all “Thank you for “Thank you “ Woah, “You did a
my blessings” applying” for following niceu, keep it fantastic job,
up” up!” I’m so proud
of you!”

Encouragement

Thanks for following-up on the final You’re so good. I’m crazy about
Who, way to go! Nice catch!
email account. Great job! your skills, Sis.

I offer You all my prayers, works,

I’m sick and tired of your crap! How’s my little snuggy wuggy?
joys, and suffering of this day…
Welcome to the Lopez Magsasays This is a complaint for damages and
Industrial Center. Where tomorrow’s Oh, Joli. Just a moment! Listen, you injunctive relief arising out of
world meets today’s. Please know… well… what was with that manipulative activities in the
remember that no flash photography off-key comment last night? golden marker from 1994 to the
is allowed during this tour… present time.
Hello, Mr. Gimenez. How are you Good morning. May I speak to the
Hey, Randolph. What’s up?
this morning? director, please?
Excuse me Ms. Santos. As I
Thank you for applying for this
understand the task, we need to I hope you don’t mind my stating
position. We’ll let you know within
focus on improving our delivery that the service is unsatisfactory. I
a week if you have been chosen for
times rather than blaming our would like a refund.
an interview.
suppliers.

C. FUNCTION AND USE OF VARIOUS MEDIA

● Exploring Key Concepts of Media Literacy

It is a well-known fact that all media are constructions. Media presents carefully
crafted constructions that reflect many decisions and result from many determining factors. Much
of our view of reality is based on media messages that have been reconstructed and have attitudes,
interpretations, and conclusions already built-in. The media, to a great extent, give us our sense of
reality.

EXAMPLES OF PRINT MEDIA

● Print Media is communication-based on printed materials that have a physical presence.

1. NEWSPAPERS
Newspapers are printed and delivered to homes, shops, and other locations such as public

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 places. This is energy-intensive and is not viewed as environmentally responsible as a digital copy of the
same work. Newspapers are also printed on thin paper with inexpensive printing processes such that
digital equivalents offer richer media such as high-resolution images and videos.

2. MAGAZINE
These are regularly published glossy publications. These often cover niche topics and offer
high-resolution printing that may still be competitive with digital formats.

3. PERIODICALS
Any regular publication such as monthly, semi-annual or annual journal.

4. BOOKS
Books are valued items that aren’t typically viewed as disposable. For example, there is a lovely
marker for secondhand books. Reading a physical book is a completely different experience from holding
a mobile device and scrolling through an eBook. As such, some learners strongly prefer printed books.

5. COMIC BOOKS
Comic books are cartoon stories that are often sold as serial publications. Viewed as valued
collectibles whereby physical edition is strongly preferred by some consumers.

6. PHONE BOOKS
Historically phone books including yellow pages of commercial ads were an invaluable resource for
locating people and businesses. These are now largely obsolete due to powerful digital search tools and
business directories.

7. POSTERS
Posters such as movie posters are traditionally displayed in movie theatres. These can be replaced
with digital equivalents that may achieve higher engagement. Posters may still be valued as decorations
and collectibles.

8. POSTCARDS
Postcards are small cards with some compelling photograph or art on the front and space for
writing on the back. These are traditional items with a special place in a culture that is likely to survive
into the future.

9. MEDIA KIT
A media kit, or press kit, is a set of promotional materials that are distributed to the media. These
are often digital but may be printed for distribution at an event. Printed media kits may get more attention,
particularly in a meeting or press conference.

10. PROMOTIONAL PRODUCTS

Printed promotional products such as a corporate-themed calendar that is distributed to customers,
partners, and employees at the end of the year.

MEDIA BASICS

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 The term media defines a number of different communication formats including television, print
magazines, and newspapers, radio, and the internet. Each form of media has its own complexities and uses.
Television offers a variety of formats from scripted dramas to unscripted reality programs and from new
programming at local affiliate stations to cable networks. The internet has also created opportunities for news
outlets including niche journalism like Politico.com. The internet also facilitates the flow of information through
social media, allowing for instant communication. Media editors work in the background of the newsroom,
assigning stories, approving articles, and editing content for accuracy and clarity. In fact, this editorial function
is sometimes called gatekeeping, with editors having considerable influence over what news stories are eventually
seen by the public and the tone and frame of the story. Publishers are people or companies that own and produce
print or digital media. They oversee both the content and finances of the publication, ensuring the organization
turns a profit and creates a high-quality product to distribute to consumers. Producers oversee the production and
finances of visual media such as television, radio, and film.

MEDIA: What is their function?

Freedom of the press and

independent media are important dimensions
of a free society.

If people are connected digitally, they

have a bewildering number of choices for
finding information. Compared to the days of
the 1970s, when a person might read the
morning newspaper over breakfast and watch
the network news in the evening, there is now
an extreme number of choices in today’s
increasingly complex world of information.

This reality may place even greater

responsibility on the news media to help individuals achieve an increased understanding of politics and
government. The proliferation of competing information sources like blogs and social media may actually weaken
the power and ability of the news media relative to the days when formal news media monopolized our attention.
One of the primary reasons citizens turn to the media is for news. Ideally, we expect the media to cover important
political, economic, and social events and information in a concise and neutral manner.

However, journalists’ achievement of neutrality, free from political bias, along with balance in news
coverage is challenged by both partisans as well as reasonably objective analysts; and, the proliferation of fake
news stories poses an additional challenge to media outlets and the general public alike. Regardless of where we
get our information, the various media avenues available today, versus years ago, make it much easier for
everyone to be engaged.

⮚ When analyzing a media text, consider the following questions:

1. What message is it proposing?
2. How well does it represent reality?
3. How is the message constructed?
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 4. What lifestyles, values, and points of view are represented in this text?
5. Who or what is omitted?
6. Who created this and why?
7. Who benefits if the message is accepted? Who may be disadvantaged?
8. What techniques are used and why?
9. How effective are the techniques in supporting the message or themes of the text?

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