Module 1: Rational Algebraic Expressions

8
Mathematics
First Quarter – Module 3:

Rational Algebraic Expressions

Grade 8 Mathematics 1
 Module 1: Rational Algebraic Expressions

Mathematics - Grade 8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 1: Factors of Polynomials
First Edition, 2020
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Published by the Department of Education
Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writers : Edwin P. Cuizon

Editors : Pamela A. Rodemio

Reviewers: Dr. Anecita U. Mendez (Moderator)

Mr. Carmelito M. Lauron Sr.
Illustrators and Layout Artist: Myrna P. Soco

Management Team
Schools Division Superintendent:
Dr. Marilyn S. Andales, CESO V
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent:
Dr. Cartesa M. Perico
Dr. Ester A. Futalan
Dr. Leah B. Apao
Chief, CID: Dr. Mary Ann Flores
EPS in LRMDS: Mr. Isaiash T. Wagas
EPS in Math: Dr. Pamela A. Rodemio

Printed in the Philippines by:

Department of Education – Region VII, Division of Cebu Province Office
Office Address: IPHO Bdlg. Sudlon, Lahug, Cebu City
Telefax: (032) 255-6405
Email Address: cebu.province@deped.gov.ph

Grade 8 Mathematics 2
 Module 1: Rational Algebraic Expressions

8
Mathematics
First Quarter – Module 3:

Rational Algebraic Expressions

Grade 8 Mathematics 3
 Module 1: Rational Algebraic Expressions

Introductory Message

This module is carefully designed to continually facilitate learners to

achieve mastery on the Most Essential Learning Competencies and develop their

21st century skills. This module consists of essential components developed

appropriately for self-instructional mode of learning. The components come in
various developmental purposes that are designed to diagnose (pretest), recall
and associate (review), discuss, explain and even provide practice activities,
enrichment tasks, assessments and answer keys.

Upon taking the pretest, determine whether you need to take or skip this
module. At 100% accuracy, you possess the mastery of the topic in the module;
hence, you don’t need to take it and you may choose to proceed to the next
module. At 99% and below, you are recommended to undertake the module to
acquire the necessary skills.

Though allowed, adult supervision is limited only to providing

assistance in accomplishing this module. It is highly recommended that YOU, the
learner, should try to engage independently in doing the different tasks for you to
become a critical thinker and problem solver which are the twin goals of
Mathematics.

May this module be utilized to its fullest extent in the purpose of

learning the competencies construed as Most Essential for a learner in this level.

God bless and enjoy learning!

PAMELA A. RODEMIO

Education Program Supervisor - MATH

Grade 8 Mathematics 4

Grade 8 Mathematics 4
 Module 1: Rational Algebraic Expressions

Rational Algebraic Expressions

Most Essential Learning Competency:

The learner illustrates Rational Algebraic Expressions. M8AL-Ic-1.

What I Need to Know

In this lesson the learner:

1. discusses rational algebraic expression

2. illustrates given situation using rational algebraic expression
3. works willingly and patiently with accuracy

Rational algebraic expression has vast application in real life. Some of these are
related to work/job or mechanism of machines and humans. Example, the work rate of a
certain worker can be describe using rational algebraic expression and many instances in
life.

What I know

Directions: Analyze each item and choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. The following are rational numbers except .

a. 4 b. -6 c. d.
2. What expression makes 2𝑥−4 not a rational algebraic expression?
√3
a. 2x b. 2x -3 c. -4 d. √3
3. The following are not rational algebraic expression except .
𝑠−7 √5 𝑥 3
a. b. c. d.
0 𝑥−2 √2 𝑟−𝑟
4. The ratio of a number “t” and 5 added to three in mathematical phrase is?
𝑡+5 𝑡+3
a. 3 b. 5 c. 𝑡 + 5 d. 𝑡 + 3
3 5
5. The expression 2𝑠 is the same as .
5
a. Twice a number s and five c. Five times a number s and two
b. Twice a number s is divided by five d. Five times a number s is divided by five

6. Which of the following expressions below can be used as denominator of 2x-5 to make it a
rational algebraic expression?
a. 5 b. √3 c. √2 d. 0
7. What makes √𝑥 not a rational algebraic expression?
3

Grade 8 Mathematics 1
 Module 1: Rational Algebraic Expressions

a. because its denominator is 0.

b. because √𝑥 is not a polynomial
c. because any value given to “x” the answer is 0.
d. None of the above
8. The ratio of two polynomials is called?
a. Algebraic expression c. rational algebraic expression
b. quadratic expression d. polynomial expression

9. Dean translated the statement “Five times a number s divided 2” as 2 𝑠, is the answer of
5
Dean correct?
a. Yes, because five times means 2s.
b. Yes, because divided 5 means over 2.
c. No, because five times means 5s
d. No, because 2divided 5 means over s.
10. Jhaden says 2𝑥 is a rational algebraic expression, is the answer of Jhaden correct?
√𝑦
a. No, because the denominator is zero
b. No, because not all expression are polynomials
c. Yes, because all expression are polynomials
d. Yes, because the denominator is not zero

11. A rational algebraic expression should have the following except.

a. all expression are polynomials
b. the denominator is not equal to zero
c. the denominator has no radical expression
d. the denominator is equal to zero

12.Ten times a number “y” increased by six in mathematical phrase is .

a. 6y +10 b. 6y - 10 c. 10y -6 d. 10y +6

Use the statement below to answer 13 to 15.

When you printed your 30 – page research paper, you observed that the
printer A in the Internet shop finished printing in 2 minutes. How long will it take
printer A to print 150 pages? If printer B can print x pages per minute.

13. Which of the following represents the speed of Printer A?

15
a. ppm b. 15 ppm c. 30 ppm d. 60 ppm
2
14. How many minutes will it take Printer B to finish printing 15 pages?
15
a. mins b. 15 mins c. 30 mins d. 60 mins
𝑥
15. How many minutes will it take Printer A to finish printing 150 pages?
a. 5 mins b. 10 mins c. 15 mins d. 20 mins

Grade 8 Mathematics 2
 Module 1: Rational Algebraic Expressions

Lesson: Rational Algebraic Expressions

What’s In

Directions: Tell whether the following expressions is a polynomial or not. Write yes
if it is polynomial and no if it is not.
1. x2 – 2 6. 𝑥√2
2. √2𝑥 7. xy3
-2
3. 2x 8. √𝑥 -4
𝑥−3
4. 𝑥 9. 4
5. 2x 10. x

What’s New

Task 1
Tell whether the given expressions are examples of rational algebraic expression or not.
𝑚+2
1.
0
2
2. 𝑐
𝑚−𝑚
3. 1
𝑎5
√𝑥−𝑦
4.
6𝑥3
𝑎𝑏√3
5.
𝑎+𝑏+𝑐

Task 2
Translate the following statements to verbal statement and to mathematical statement.
1. 𝑎
𝑏2
2. 𝑠
𝑡
𝑥−3
3. 2
4. The ratio of twice of c and four.
5. The quotient when five is divided b.

What is It

A quotient expressed as a ratio is an algebraic expression, specifically called a

rational expression. A number which is a quotient of integers is said to be rational.
Similarly, a rational expression is an algebraic expression which can be represented as a
quotient of two polynomials. It can be written in the form 𝑃 , where P and Q are
𝑄
polynomials and Q ≠ 0
Solution to task 1.

Grade 8 Mathematics 3
 Module 1: Rational Algebraic Expressions

1. This is not a rational algebraic expression because its

denominator is 0.
2. This is also not a rational algebraic expression because any
value given to “m” the answer is 0.
3. This is a rational algebraic expression because 1 and a are
polynomials

4. This is not a rational algebraic expression because √𝑥 − 𝑦

is not a polynomial

5. This is a rational expression because ab√3 and a+b+c are

polynomials. The √3 in the numerator is just a constant.

A rational algebraic expression is any number that can be expressed as a ratio of two
integers with the denominator not equal to zero.

For instance,
1 is the ratio of integers 1 and 3
3

4 is the ratio of integers 4 and 7

7

It is just like verbal phrases to mathematical expression,

𝑥 +2 The ratio of a number x and four added to two

4

Solution to task 2.

Statements Answers
1. 𝑎 The ratio of a and b, or the quotient of a and b, or a divided
𝑏
by b.
𝑠2 The ratio of square of s and t, or the quotient of square of s
2.
𝑡 and t, or square of s divided by t.
𝑥−3 The ratio of three less than x and two, or the quotient of three
3.
2 less than x and two, or three less than x divided two.
1. The ratio of twice of c and Twice of c is 2c, so the answer is 2𝑐
4
four.
2. The quotient when five is 5
divided b. 𝑏

Grade 8 Mathematics 4
 Module 1: Rational Algebraic Expressions

What’s More

A. Independent Activity 1
Fill in the blanks with the correct term (RATIONAL or IRRATIONAL)
𝒙−𝒚
1.
𝟑𝒙+𝒚

2. (3m – 1) (2m + 3)
𝑎+ √𝑏
3.
6𝑎−𝑏
5−𝑤
4.
3𝑤+ √3
(𝑥+𝑦)(𝑦−3)
5.
(𝑦−3)(𝑥+2)

B. Independent Assessment 1
Translate the following.
1. The quotient of number “x” and ten
2. The quotient of 4a + b and 2a – 5b
3. The quotient of 2x and 3y

C. Independent Activity 2
Identify the following given expression, write RAE if it is rational algebraic expression and
NRAE if not.
5𝑦−1 1− 𝑚
1. 6.
2 𝑚³
3𝑎 𝑐⁴
2. 7.
𝑥−√𝑦 𝑚−𝑚
2𝑥𝑦 3−𝑤
3. 8.
3𝑥 2𝑤+ √2
(𝑎+2)(𝑏−3) 2𝑥
4. 9.
(𝑏−3)(𝑎+2) 5𝑥

5. 4𝑎+8𝑏 𝑡−5
10.
12 0

D. Independent Assessment 2

There are verbal phrases below. Look for the mathematical expression in the figures
that corresponds to each verbal phrase. (Concept from Mathematics Module 8 pp 66)

1. The ratio of a number “t” and 5 added to three

2. The ratio of the square root of three and the number “y”
3. The square of “a” added to twice the “a”
4. The quotient of “b” and two less than the square of “b”
5. The product of “p” and “q” divided by three
6. One – third of the square of “b”
7. Ten times a number “y” increased by six
8. The quotient of cube of the number “z” and 3 decreased by nine

Grade 8 Mathematics 5
 Module 1: Rational Algebraic Expressions

9. The cube root of nine less than a number “w”

10. A number “h” raised to the fourth power

𝑏² 𝑧³ 𝑡 𝑝𝑞
𝑏 −9 +3 3
2 − 𝑏² ℎ4 3 3 5

9³ - w 3²
10y + 6 a² + 2a
𝑦

E. Independent Activity 3
Directions: Analyze each item and choose the letter of the correct answer.
1. Which expression below is NOT an example of rational algebraic expression?
5𝑦−1 3𝑦+5 2+3𝑥
a.
2
b. c. 24−√𝑥
− √𝑥
d. 𝑥
𝑦+1 2
2. Which expression below is an example of rational algebraic expression?
5𝑦−1 3𝑦+5 2+3𝑥
a.
2−2
b. c. 24−√𝑥
− √
𝑥
d. 𝑥
𝑦+1 √2

3. Which of the following below is the equivalent mathematical phrase of “The ratio of five
more than y and one more than y”?
5𝑦−1 𝑦+5 2+3𝑥
a.
2−2
b. c. 24−√𝑥
− √
𝑥
d. 𝑥
𝑦+1 √2
4. Which of mathematical statement below equivalent to 2𝑎−3?
2
a. The quotient of three more than twice of a and two.
b. The quotient of three less than twice of a and two.
c. The quotient of two and three more than twice of a
d. The quotient of two and three less than twice of a

5. Which expression below is NOT an example of rational algebraic expression?

5𝑦−1 3𝑦+5 𝑥2+3𝑥 𝑥2+3𝑥
a.
2
b. c. d.
𝑦+1 2 𝑡−𝑡

F. Independent Assessment 3
Directions: Analyze each item and choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. What makes 𝑚+2 not a rational algebraic expression?

0
a. because its denominator is 0.
b. because m +2 is not a polynomial
c. because any value given to “m” the answer is 0.
d. None of the2 above
2. What makes 𝑐 not a rational algebraic expression?
𝑚−𝑚
a. because its denominator is 0.
b. because m +2 is not a polynomial
c. because any value given to “m” the answer is 0.
d. None of the above

Grade 8 Mathematics 6
 Module 1: Rational Algebraic Expressions

e. What makes 𝑎𝑏√3 a rational algebraic expression?

𝑎+𝑏+𝑐
a. because its denominator is 0.
b. because ab√3 and a+b+c are polynomials. The √3 in the numerator is just a
constant.
c. because any value given to “a, b & c” the answer is 0.
d. None of the above

4. What is the value of a in the expression 𝑥−3 so that the expression will not be a rational
𝑎
algebraic expression?
a. 5 b. 4 c. 2 d. 0
5. Which of the following combination will make an expression an example of rational
algebraic expression?
i. √5 ii. x+3 iii. 4 iv. √𝑥
a. ii ÷ i b. iii ÷ iv c. iv ÷ i d. ii ÷ iii

What I Have Learned

Jebriel translated the statement “the quotient of four times a number a

and the square root of five” as √5 and say the expression is a rational
4𝑎
algebraic expression. Niña, her classmate said, it was wrong. Can you
explain why?
Jebriel was wrong because…

Why do you need to learn about Rational Algebraic Expressions? How can
you apply them in real life situations?

Grade 8 Mathematics 7
 Module 1: Rational Algebraic Expressions

Assessment

Directions: Analyze each item and choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. What expression makes 2𝑥−4 not a rational algebraic expression?

0
a. 2x b. 2x -3 c. 0 d.-4
2. The following are not rational numbers except .
2
a. √10 ̅2
b. 2.31̅̅ c. √3 d.
9
3. The ratio of a number “w” and 5 added to three in mathematical phrase is?
𝑤+5 𝑤+3
a. b. c. 𝑤 + 5 d. 𝑤 + 3
3 5 3 5
4. The following are rational algebraic expressions except .
𝑠−7 √5 𝑥 3
a. b. c. d.
0 𝑥−2 2 𝑟
5. Dean translated the statement “Twice a number s divided 5” as 2𝑠, is the answer of Dean
5
correct?
a. Yes, because twice means 2s.
b. Yes, because divided 5 means over 2.
c. No, because five times means 5s
d. No, because divided 5 means over s.
2
6. Jhaden says 2𝑥 is not an example of rational algebraic expression, is the answer of
√𝑦
Jhaden correct?
a. No, because the denominator is zero
b. No, because not all expression are polynomials
c. Yes, because all expression are polynomials
d. Yes, because the denominator is not zero
7. Six times a number “y” increased by ten in mathematical phrase is .
a. 6y +10 b. 6y - 10 c. 10y -6 d. 10y +6
8. The ratio of two polynomials is called ______.
a. Algebraic expression c. rational algebraic expression
b. quadratic expression d. polynomial expression

Use the statement below to answer 9 to 11.

When you printed your 30 – page research paper, you observed that the printer A
in the Internet shop finished printing in 2 minutes.

9. Which of the following represents the speed of Printer A?

15
a. ppm b. 15 ppm c. 30 ppm d. 60 ppm
2
10. How long will it take printer A to print 150 pages?
a. 2 mins b. 10 mins c. 15 mins d. 20 mins
11. How long will it take printer A to print p pages?
a. 2 mins b. 10 mins c. 15 mins d. 𝑝
mins
15

Grade 8 Mathematics 8
 Module 1: Rational Algebraic Expressions

12. The expression 5𝑠 is the same as .

2
a. Twice a number s and five c. Five times a number s and two
b. Twice a number s divided five d. Five times a number s divided by two
13. Which of the following expressions below can be used as denominator of 2x-5 to make it
a rational algebraic expression?
a. √5 b. x-7 c. √2 d. 0
14. A rational algebraic expression should have the following except.
a. all expression are not polynomials
b. the denominator is not equal to zero
c. the denominator has no radical expression
d. all expression are polynomials
15. What makes 𝑥−8 not a rational algebraic expression?
0
a. because its denominator is 0.
b. because 𝑥 − 8 is not a polynomial
c. because any value given to “x” the answer is 0.
d. None of the above

Directions: Translate and identify if the expression is a rational algebraic expression or

not.
1. The quotient of a number s divided by 5.
2. The ratio of two less than a number t and zero.
3. Four times a number x divided by square root of 6.
4. The quotient when five is divided by the difference of a number w and itself.

Grade 8 Mathematics 9
 Module 1: Rational Algebraic Expressions

Key to Correction

Grade 8 Mathematics 10
 Module 1: Rational Algebraic Expressions

REFERENCE:
Learner’s Module Math 8
Grade 8 Mathematics Patterns and Practicalities
Mathematics for the 21st Century Learner
file:///F:/Module%20all%20subject%20grades%207%20to%2010/2017_MATHG8Q1.pdf
https://www.google.com/search?q=icon+that+represent+illustrate+rational+algebraic+expre
ssion&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi1h_3Em_XqAhUIVpQKHZcFBJsQ_AUoAX
oECA0QAw&biw=1280&bih=578#imgrc=404YhJlIyvOpcM

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Department of Education, Region VII, Division of Cebu Province

IPHO Bldg. Sudlon, Lahug, Cebu City
Telefax: (032) 255 6405
Email Address: cebu.province@deped.gov.ph

Grade 8 Mathematics 11