Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition Chapter 15

By D. A. Neamen Problem Solutions

______________________________________________________________________________________

VH − VREF VREF − VTL

=
R2 R1
R1 ⎛ R ⎞
or VTL = − ⋅ VH + VREF ⎜ 1 + 1 ⎟
R2 ⎝ R2 ⎠

R1
or VTL = VS − ⋅ VH
R2
R1 R
VTL = VS − ⋅ VH ⇒ −2 = −1.5 − 1 (12)
VTH = −1 VTL = −2, VS = −1.5 V. R2 20
b. For and Then
R1 = 0.833 kΩ
so that
Now
⎛ R ⎞
VS = ⎜ 1 + 1 ⎟ VREF
⎝ R 2 ⎠

⎛ 0.833 ⎞
−1.5 = ⎜ 1 + ⎟ VREF
⎝ 20 ⎠
which gives
VREF = −1.44 V
______________________________________________________________________________________

15.51
⎛ R1 ⎞
⎟ ⋅ Vγ = ⎛⎜
25 ⎞
(a) VTH = ⎜⎜ ⎟ ⎟(0.7 ) = 0.175 V
⎝ R1 + R3 ⎠ ⎝ 25 + 75 ⎠
⎛ R1 ⎞
VTL = ⎜⎜ ⎟(− Vγ ) = −0.175 V
⎟
⎝ R1 + R3 ⎠
(c) (i) υ I = 2 V, υ O = −0.7 V
I D1 = 0
⎛ − 0.7 − (− 10) ⎞
I R 2 = −⎜ ⎟ = −0.465 mA
⎝ 20 ⎠
⎛ − 0.175 − (− 0.7 ) ⎞
I R 3 = +⎜ ⎟ ⇒ I R3 = 7 μ A
⎝ 75 ⎠
I R 3 + I R 2 + I D 2 = 0 ⇒ I D 2 = − I R 3 − I R 2 = −0.007 − (− 0.465) = 0.458 mA
(ii) υ I = −2 V, υ O = +0.7 V
I D2 = 0
⎛ 10 − 0.7 ⎞
I R2 = ⎜ ⎟ = 0.465 mA
⎝ 20 ⎠
⎛ 0.175 − (0.7 ) ⎞
I R3 = ⎜ ⎟ ⇒ I R 3 = −7 μ A
⎝ 75 ⎠
I D1 = I R 2 + I R 3 = 0.465 − 0.007 = 0.458 mA
______________________________________________________________________________________
Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition Chapter 15
By D. A. Neamen Problem Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________

15.54
v0 = High = (VREF + 2Vγ ).
For Then switching point is when.
⎛ R1 ⎞
vI = vB = ⎜ ⎟ v0
⎝ R1 + R2 ⎠
⎛ R1 ⎞
or VTH = ⎜ ⎟ (VREF + 2Vγ )
⎝ R1 + R2 ⎠
Lower switching point is when
⎛ R1 ⎞
v1 = vB = ⎜ ⎟ v0
⎝ R1 + R2 ⎠ and v0 = −(VREF + 2Vγ )
so
⎛ R1 ⎞
VTL = − ⎜ ⎟ (VREF + 2Vγ )
⎝ R1 + R2 ⎠
______________________________________________________________________________________

15.55
By symmetry, inverting terminal switches about zero.
Now, for v0 low, upper diode is on.
VREF − v1 = v1 − v0
v0 = 2v1 − VREF where v1 = −Vγ
so
v0 = −(VREF + 2Vγ )
Similarly, in the high state
v0 = (VREF + 2Vγ )
Switching occurs when non-inverting terminal is zero.
So for v0 low.
VTH − 0 0 − ⎡⎣ − (VREF + 2Vγ ) ⎤⎦
=
R1 R2

⋅ (VREF + 2Vγ )
R1
or VTH =
R2
By symmetry
R
VTL = − 1 ⋅ (VREF + 2vγ )
R2
______________________________________________________________________________________

15.56
⎛ R1 ⎞ ⎛ 10 ⎞
(a) υ + = ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ ⋅υ O = ⎜ ⎟(5) = 1.667 V
⎝ R1 + R 2 ⎠ ⎝ 10 + 20 ⎠

⎛ t ⎞ ⎛ t ⎞
υ X = 5 + (− 1.667 − 5) exp⎜⎜ − ⎟⎟ = 5 − 6.667 exp⎜⎜ − ⎟⎟ , for 0 < t < t1
⎝ τX ⎠ ⎝ τX ⎠
⎛ ⎛ t − t1 ⎞ ⎞ ⎛ (t − t1 ) ⎞
υ X = −5 + (1.667 − (− 5)) exp⎜⎜ − ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ ⎟ = −5 + 6.667 exp⎜⎜ −
⎟
⎟⎟ , for t1 < t < T
⎝ ⎝ τ X ⎠ ⎠ ⎝ τ X ⎠
Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design, 4th edition Chapter 15
By D. A. Neamen Problem Solutions
______________________________________________________________________________________

15.58
1
f =
2.2 RX C X
1 1
RX C X = =
2.2 f (2.2)(12 × 103 )
RX C X = 3, 788 × 10−5
RX = 56 K

For example, Let C X = 680 pF

1
Within 2 of 1% of design specification.
______________________________________________________________________________________

15.59
( )( )
t1 = 1.1R X C X = (1.1) 10 4 0.1× 10 −6 ⇒ t1 = 1.1 ms
(
0 < t < t1 , υ Y = 10 1 − e −t / τ Y
)
τ Y = RY C Y = (2 × 10 )(0.02 × 10 −6 )
3

= 4 × 10 −5 s
t1
Now = 2.75
τY
⇒ CY
completely charges during each cycle.
______________________________________________________________________________________

15.60
a. Switching voltage
⎛ R1 + R3 ⎞ ⎛ 10 + 10 ⎞
vX = ⎜ ⎟ ⋅ VP = ⎜ ⎟ (±10)
⎝ 1
R + R3 + R2 ⎠ ⎝ 10 + 10 + 10 ⎠
So vX = ±6.667 V
Using Equation (15.83(a))
⎛ 2 ⎞ 2
v X = V P + ⎜ − V P − V P ⎟e −t1 / τ X = V P
⎝ 3 ⎠ 3
5 2
Then 1 − ⋅ e −t1 / τ X =
3 3

or t1 = τ X ln (5)
1 5 − t1 / τ X
= ⋅e
3 3
T 1 1
t1 = = = ⇒ t1 = 0.001 s
2 2 f 2(500 )
(
10 −3 = τ X ln (5) ⇒ τ X = 6.21× 10 −4 = R X 0.01× 10 −6 )
RX = 62.1 kΩ
So
b. Switching voltage
⎛ R1 ⎞
vX = ⎜ ⎟ (±VP )
⎝ R1 + R3 + R2 ⎠
⎛ 10 ⎞ 1
=⎜ ⎟ (±VP ) = ⋅ (±VP )
⎝ 10 + 10 + 10 ⎠ 3
Using Equation (15.83(a))
Scanned by CamScanner
Scanned by CamScanner