SPECTRUM

Chapter 3
Class XI
SPECTROSCOPY
 SPECTROSCOPY
The branch of chemistry which deals with the study of
absorption or emission of radiation is called Spectroscopy.

SPECTRUM
When a ray of light consists of different wave lengths is
passed through a spectrometer or a prism, it is dispersed
into component wave lengths and a band of different colors
is obtained which is known as spectrum.
 SPECTROMETER
Spectrometer is an instrument used for spectroscopic
studies. When radiation are passed through the prism of
spectrometer, they are separated in to component
wavelengths. In this way an image of different colors is
formed which is known as spectrum.
 TYPES OF SPECTRA
 Emission Spectra
 Absorption Spectra

EMISSION SPECTRUM
When an element absorbs sufficient amount of energy from
an electric arc or by heating, it emits radiation. These
radiation when passed through spectrometer, spectrum so
obtained is called Emission Spectrum
 TYPES OF EMISSION SPECTRA
There are two types of emission spectra.
 Continuous Spectrum.
 Line Spectrum.
CONTINUOUS SPECTRUM
When white light from sun or any incandescent body or lamp
is passed through a prism, it disperses into its component
colors and a spectrum is obtained known as Continuous
Spectrum. A continuous spectrum is one in which colors are
diffused in one another without any line of demarcation.
 CHARACTERISTICS OF
CONTINUOUS SPECTRUM
 Continuous Spectrum consists of seven colors.
 The colors are so mixed that there is no boundary or
line of demarcation between two colors.
Examples:
Spectrum of sunlight, bulb light, tube light.
 LINE SPECTRUM
When electric current is passed through a gas at low
pressure, the atoms of gas are excited and radiate light.
When this light is passed through the prism, a spectrum is
obtained known as Line Spectrum.
 CHARACTERISTICS OF
LINE SPECTRUM
 In line spectrum, every two colors are separated by a line
of demarcation.
 Each spectral line has a definite wavelength.
 Color of spectral line depends upon the nature of gas.
 Each element produces a characteristic set of lines which
is used fir the identification of elements.
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