Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region IV-A CALABARZON
DIVISION OF BATANGAS
DISTRICT OF LOBO
LOBO SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

THE EFFECTS OF USING GADGETS UNDER MODULAR

LEARNING TO THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE
OF THE GRADE 11 HUMSS STUDENTS OF
LOBO SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Danmark C. Dimasacat

Researcher

In partial fulfillment of the subject requirements in

Practical Research 1

Mr. Kim Warren Ilagan

Research Adviser

July 2021
 CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION

This chapter represents the background of the study, statements of the problem,

significance of the study, scope and delimitation's of the study and definition of terms.

As we all nowadays technology is part of our life. Without technology, the world will be

on nightmare. The world is developing because of new technology and advance gadgets

to use. It makes the world smaller than we thought. Gadgets offer many advantages to the

student: Independent on learning things, More learning opportunities, Self-motivation,

Communication, etc. However, it has not only positive effects on students but also the

negative effects of gadgets on students.Negative effects come all from the excessive use

or misuse of gadgets or technology. The overuse of devices or children addicted to

technology/gadgets like tablets, laptops, computers, smartphones, video games, etc. may

reduce student’s self-motivation, ability, and interest in learning. It’s unsafe for a student

who uses gadgets more than limits.Gadgets that make children/students stable in one

place like video games, smartphones, etc. Parents also found an easy way by giving them

gadgets to use and make stable in one place. Many students may be thinking about how

do I stop being addicted to gadgets. In this article, I’ll be listing some negative effects of

gadgets to students and how to prevent gadgets addiction.

Children/Students who are gadget addicts and use more than limit may forget there

sleeping patterns. The artificial blue light that comes through electronic gadgets may

reduce the sleep-inducing hormone melatonin, making students difficult to asleep.

Students who feel difficult to switch off the gadgets late at night may delay their bedtime. It

ll be a habit day by day and feels difficult to sleep at night. And make less focus on other

things.Nowadays I see many children are wearing glasses even I also wear glasses from
6th grade. Not all students got weak eyesight, but more time spent from a close distance in

front of a screen may feel blurriness on the vision because of the excessive use of

electronic gadgets. And also it won’t be comfortable to sleep at night.The negative effects

that children addicted to technology/gadgets may lead you to an unhealthy lifestyle. To

much on-screen may lead you to the poor posture or overweight of the body. The children

who are addicted to gadgets/video games may forget to drink water, eat food on time, and

spend more time at the same place. In most of the world’s cases, many children/students

are having back pain, neck pain, hand pain, headache, eye problem, and more risk of

muscular degeneration, which may lead you to blindness. Diabetes, obesity, gas trouble,

etc. are also the leading causes of addiction to gadgets.Especially children/students spend

more time on games. Playing video games can also slow down the brain growth. Students

who spend a lot of time on gadgets may become more violent, lose interest in other things

of the environment surrounding them, laziness, less interest in other hobbies, and lacking

interest in academics. This problem leads children/students to bad personalities.Using

gadgets is also a good thing, but the misuse or spending more time on gadgets will reduce

the learning ability and other outdoor activity. It makes you sacrifice other learning things

and make you feel no time for other things, which is very harmful. Also, Make the student

feel difficult to complete their work. It interferes with their study time. Gadgets hurt your

internal time management if students are addicted to technology or misuse it.The overuse

of gadgets makes the student be far from real-time human connection. Students who were

found spending more time on gadgets find themselves losing touch with other real social

relationships. They may engage in more online friends than offline friends. They feel

uneasy about face-to-face interaction with other people. It makes students feel difficult to

face the public. They love to stay alone.

Everything got their benefits and side effects. Also, nowadays, in modern life,

technology/gadgets are an unavoidable part. Students may get addicted to but banning

them is not the solution. How to control gadgets addiction? Make some rules and limits to
use them to make them feel more comfortable to use gadgets. Please don’t misuse the

technology, or it may lead you to addiction. Make sure to leave your feedback if you agree

or things need to be add that you know on the topic what is the negative effect of gadgets

on students.

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

In the midst of COVID-19 pandemic, the role of technology has been more crucial in

keeping our society functioning. Covid-19 has crashed our economies, broken our social

health, filled hospitals and emptied public places, separated us from our homes. Through

this time, technologies serve as a way for us continue what the pandemic kept us for long

time.

In today's modern world, technologies have invaded and affected peoples way of life.

There is no doubt that the development of these technologies has made a huge impact

towards our economy, these include the transportation, communication, and education.

These devices include laptops, chargers, computers, portable hard drives, monitors,

battery packs, smartphones, and high-tech appliances. Gadgets, as one of these

technologies, has been a great contributor not just in communication but also for

entertainment and learning. Gadget is a small electronic equipment or machine which is

developed for various purposes. In simple words, any electronic item which reduces

human effort is known as gadgets. Without gadgets, we can't imagine life (Kumar,2020). In

education, gadgets have opened up a new path of effective way of teaching and learning

as this helps students to improve their knowledge retention and enable teachers to deliver

great lectures more fun and enjoyable trough effective teaching. Not to mention, it can be

used for many things, including instant messaging, social media, playing online games,

sending an email and general communications.

This pandemic covers this academic year to be online class as Modular Learning for

the safety of the students. As a support, the wide range of new applications such as

google classroom, google meet, zoom, and gadgets like tablets, smartphones and laptops
are now accessible to support student learning and may prove invaluable to help students

adapt to fully remote learning. EDUCAUSE data from 2019 reveal that many, but for from

all, institutions, students, faculty, and staff are ready and able to use these technologies

during the pandemic.

What concerns the researcher, however, is that studies show that the excessive use of

gadgets are affecting the academic performance, relationship, as well as overall

development among the students. Such baffling technology use has been identified as

technology addiction and has many negative effects on health and social behavior

(Young,2014).

Initially, the idea of using digital technologies to teach students from homes was

introduced to continue with education and overcome mental stress and anxiety. Yet , the

researchers observed that gadgets have side effects on the students. They believe that

these factors can effect one's academic performance. One of the effects of global

pandemic is the issue of tech addiction rising up quickly. Moreover, experts have also

warned against exposure to cyber risk. These risks include cyber bullying, fake news,

gaining disorders, privacy issues, online sexual behavior, reputation risk and other.

Although we cannot deny the that these technologies have various functions and

benefits, we must admit that is silently disrupting the health and mentality of the students.

These factors made the researchers conduct a study that may help the learning's of the

student in a time like this. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the effects of

gadgets with the students academic performance and find solutions to raise awareness to

the parents and teachers.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study aimed to identify the effects of using gadgets under modular learning to the

academic performance of the grade 11 student HUMSS students at Lobo Senior High
School. The study was conducted during the second semester of the school year 2020-

2021. The outcome of the researcher will be used to determine the following questions:

1. What are the effects of using gadget under modular learning to the academic

performance of the respondents?

2. What is the advantages and disadvantages using of gadgets under modular learning to

the academic performance of the respondents?

3. What suggested measures are to address in order to minimize and/or sustain the effects

of using gadgets under modular learning to the academic performance of the

respondents?

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study would be a great significance to the following group of people:

Parents. This will serve as a reminder that they shall be primarily responsible in

providing limitations in their child while using gadgets.

Students. This study would provide them substantial information. Also, to help them

realize that they shall uphold a good time management in terms of their education and

be responsible in using their gadgets. This study will also set information that using

gadgets may affect their academic performance.

Teachers and Administration. This study will enlighten and/or guide the teachers on

the effect of using gadgets under modular learning to the students. The teacher would

be able to understand why some students have poor and good academic

performance.

Future Researchers. The result of this study may provide insights and information

that would be useful for the researchers in the future. The data and literature used in

this study can serve as reference or background materials in their academic

undertakings. Also, this could be a basis and/or supporting detail to provide their study

and so does this study.

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY

In general, the researcher emphasized on the effects of using gadgets in the

academic performance under modular learning of the grade 11 HUMSS students of

Lobo Senior High School based on the perceptions and behavior of the student in

using gadgets as their main tool in studying. This study was focused only on the Grade

11 HUMMS of Lobo Senior High School.

The researchers were expected to conduct their study from the month of March

2021 to July 2021.The data was gathered by the use of questionnaire method and

qualitative analysis to be taken by the respondents for their study. This research

tackled the opinions on how using gadgets effects their academic performance.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Listed below are terms taken from this research. The following terms are

operationally defined to provide a clearer understanding of this study. This is

necessary to enable the future readers to easily understand the contents of this

research.

Academic Performance. Describes how well students perform in their school courses

and classes; it refers to how gadgets may affect their academic performance.

Awareness. The quality or state of being aware that using gadgets can affect ones

academic performance; it is knowledge and understanding that something is

happening.

Covid-19. A worldwide infectious outbreak that kept us in lockdown and quarantine;

one of the factors why students are under modular learning.

Effect. It refers to what will be the results of using gadgets in the performances of the

students.

Gadget. How students used in their studies under modular learning.

Modular Learning. Module-based learning through printed materials. It refers to how

students are studying with the gadgets and/or modules in an online class.

Remote Learning. The way teachers use technology, such as discussion boards,

video conferencing, and online assessments to provide information to students.

Technology. Devices that make our lives easier in today's generation; devices that

students and teachers are using under modular learning.

Time Management. The ability of each student to use their time effectively on doing

their modules and using gadgets.

 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter presents the related literature and studies after the trough and in-depth

search done by the researchers. It includes ideas, finished research, generalization and/or

conclusions, methodologies, research paradigm and others. Those included in this chapter

help in familiarizing information that are relevant and similar to the present study.

FOREIGN LITERATURE

Technology plays an important role in peoples lives today. It serves a variety of

purposes and means different things to different people. As stated by Muir-Herzig (2012),

technology has revolutionized the field of education. The importance of technology in

schools cannot be ignored. In fact, with the onset of gadgets in education, it has become

easier for teachers to impart knowledge and for students to acquire it. The use of

technology has made the process of teaching and learning style.

In line with this, Hooft (2014) found gadgets as important resources which make

teaching more relevant and meaningful thereby improving students literacy and numeracy

skills. In support with his, Attewell (2017) reported how gadget use encourages both

independent and collaborative learning experiences and, in the process, raises self-

esteem and self-confidence. Similarly, Kukulska-Hulme and Traxler (2018) believed that

gadgets are a form multiple literacy which provides a bridge between the real-life texts of

the community and formal learning thereby providing a multimodal literacy approach to

learning.

There are various educational benefits of mobile phone technologies that are most

often cited as; easily accessing content, integrating a broad range of educational activities,

supporting classroom-based collaboration and interaction as well as supporting inquiry-

based instruction and learning (Roschelle, 2016). More sophisticated mobile phones, also

known as smartphones, can be used to assist students in accessing information from the

web, transforming it, transferring it, collaborating with students and also creating a more

media-rich approach to instruction (Ferry, 2017).

Kahari (2018) stressed that cell phones are a very important tool for study as most of

the respondents used their phones for study purposes. Cellphones are increasingly one of

the most popular information access devices and what stands out from the study is the

high use of interactive, multi user functions which can at times be disrupted or beneficial

during study. In essence, the study revealed that cellphones are beneficial for learning but

learners have a tendency to abuse them. The presence of cell phones presents a host of

options and challenges for todays students. Cellphones are undeniably convenient, helpful

tools for study. However, it can be hurtful source of distraction depending on the attitude

and use pattern of a student.

People are getting addicted to technology. The biggest drawback of technology is that

human are not able to realize when to limit its usage. Although technology impacts us

positively, at the same time it can be the biggest threat to our existence (Chaube,2018).

Majority of students who spend more time on electronic gadget use have a high level of

dependency toward gadget, poor academic achievement and good health status. Thus,

the healthcare providers should plan effective intervention such as introducing applications

on electronic gadgets for academic purposes and health tracking to overcome these

problems so that students can balance between their academic achievement and health

status and increase wellness and health among school students (Othman, Kelana &

Jamaludin, 2020).

FOREIGN STUDIES

The use of technology in education has provided new and innovative forms of support

to teachers, students and the learning process more broadly. Clegg and Bailey (2015)
asserted that with the utilization of mobile devices such as laptops, tablets, computers, the

learning process for the students becomes more fun and conductive due to the use-

interactivity and appealing visuals presents in these learning tools.

Technology has eliminated space and time constraints: Online education and distance

learning have given a new dimension to education and higher learning. Even if students

are geographically far away from each other, they can be part of a one classroom. Though

not physically but virtually, they can. Many educational institutes offer online courses,

which eliminates time and space constraints in acquiring education. Universities offer

online educational programs wherein students can interact with their teachers over the

internet, access reference material from the University website and earn degrees online

(Trotter, 2018).

Another study found that integrating technology and peer-led discussions of literature

can produce increased student engagement and motivation. Technology used in these

small group discussions of literature includes wikis, online literature circles, and online

book clubs. With these technologies, students were able to connect with readers from

other schools, states, and even other countries. This type of technology is an accessible

and motivational way to expose students to other ideas and cultures. These online

literature discussions have the ability to create a sense of community and foster positive

social interaction (Coffey, 20120).

On the contrary, Armetz BB, et.al., (2014) conducted an experimental study “On

teenagers cellphone use on academic performance”. It revealed that the teenagers who

use their phones late at night are risking lack of proper deep sleep which has the potential

to their mood and lead to personality changes, lack of concentration and poor academic

performance.

On a news statement of Shusuke Murai, overuse of mobile gadgets hampers students

ability to study, sleep entails that “When people talk about their children using

smartphones in a negative sense, there main concern seems, there main concern seems
to be about their criminal use, but this study calls the attention of parents and students to

the risk that excessive use of smartphones can comprise students effort to study”.

LOCAL LITERATURE

According to Xinhua (2014), Filipinos are using their mobile phones not only to

communicate but also as mobile computers. Mobile phones are a hard carry device that

we can easily put in our a pocket, that's why Filipinos use this as mobile computer also,

because this devices is not only for communicating with other people but also it can save

files and surf the internet.

In line with this, Saud (2013) states that cellphones are the main cause of distraction in

class. It has been compared to pacifiers for students. Its the first thing they see in the

morning and the last at night. We can say that cellphones are one of the causes of

distraction for many students because it can affect the students concentration in their

academic performance and they can only spend less time in other activities such as

studying their lessons, doing homework, reading books,playing sports and socializing with

family and friends.

According to Castillo (2011), it is most high-speed digital voice transmitter that can be

send text messages, pictures, graphics, sounds, music, email, and that is internet ready.

As the technology improves, so as cellphones evolve, with all the great deals of uses,

many are hooked with this gadget. So, must students also ready hooked to this mobile

phone. The newer gadgets are invented the more eager they want to have it, that's why

most of them are curious about mobile phones rather than to their studies or academic

performance.

Clearly, gadgets have become popular across generations and have invaded the

education system. Most of the findings have highlighted gadgets as a way to introduce

new forms of teaching and learning style that significantly improves the interaction and

collaborative learning among the student. Moreover, the advancing features of gadgets
can be beneficial for humans as it can be used for various purposes. On the contrary, it is

found that gadgets can also be the biggest threat to the students as it can affect

concentration and attitude towards their performance. Additionally, it is emphasized that

the features itself can be a root of addiction when used excessively especially on the

students who have a tendency to abuse the use of gadgets.

LOCAL STUDIES

On the authority of Ryan T. Gertner (2011), on his study about The Effects of Multimedia

Technology On learning, he concludes that multimedia gives light on some possible effects

of it to the learning of students. This means that technological devices may effect the

learning performance of the student. The recent increase in use of digital devices such as

laptop, computers, iPads, and mobile phones has generated concern about how

technologies affect student performance. Combining observations, survey, and interview

data, this research assesses the effects of technology use on student attitudes and

learning.

Another study claimed that bringing the electronic media into the schools could

capitalize on the strong motivation qualities that these media have for children. Many

children who are turned off by school are not turned off by one or another of the electronic

media; quite the opposite. An educational system that capitalized on this motivation would

have a chance of much greater success. Each medium has its own profile of cognitive

advantages and disadvantages, and each medium can be used to enhance the impact pf

others (Chaves,2015).

Furthermore, in every study there is what you called a “research gap”, the researchers

also found gaps within their study. The researchers weren't that much aware that the

effects of gadgets can be sustained. It seems impossible but students can control how

they will manage to use their gadgets and how they will manage to use their gadgets and

how will affect them, such as have a time management, do outdoor activities (e.g. wash

the dishes, do their laundry, clean or organize and meditate), students should have a “me
time”. in that way, students don’t just depend too much on their gadgets for it can totally

affect their well-being and their academic performance along with the toxicity their social

media brings. Students should also take a break every after 3 hours spent on their

gadgets. Hence, they can control what they do in their gadgets along with their own

together and they should practice self-discipline on how they will spend their time wisely in

using their gadgets.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

This researchers have come up with a conceptual framework which served as a guide
in the conduct of analysis.

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

 Used of  Getting  Addresses
references
the possible
gadgets from others.
 Selecting of effects of
under the respondents.
gadgets in
 Asking
Modular permission the study
 Distribution of
habits of
Learning Online Survey
and students.
Questionnaire
 Introduce
 Gathering
Data gadgets as a
 Analysis and
main tool for
Interpretation
of Data education.

FIGURE 1. RESEARCH PARADIGM

 CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

INTRODUCTION

This research of the study presents the method investigate and used to gathered

information about the study. The purpose of the study is to know the perceptions of

individual who using gadgets in Modular Learning of grade 11 HUMSS student of Lobo

Senior High School. This study has effects of using gadgets in Modular Learning.

POPULATION AND SAMPLING

Lobo Senior Grade 20 Using Gadgets In

High School 11HUMSS Participants Modular
Students Learning

The research site would be in Lobo Senior High School. Researchers target the

Students of Grade 11 HUMSS Students, that consist of 20 participants, that using a

gadgets in Modular Learning.

RESEARCH INSTRUMENTATION

In fulfilling the data gathering of this study the researchers have formulated

questions to be used (1) What are the effects of using gadget under modular learning

to the academic performance of the respondents?(2)What is the advantages and

disadvantages using of gadgets under modular learning to the academic performance

of the respondents?(3)What suggested measures are to address in order to minimize

and/or sustain the effects of using gadgets under modular learning to the academic

performance of the respondents?

 The researchers use Quota sampling in this study because the respondent are

exclusive for only the Grade 11 HUMSS Students of Lobo Senior High School.

The researchers wrote a letter to ask a permission to the Principal as well as to the

participants before a conducting a research.

PROCEDURES AND TIMEFRAME

The research was conducted over the period of the five months from the beginning of

March 2021 to July 2021.

First, the researchers choose 1 topic about a particular problem value that they can

hep the school. Second, they create possible problems or questions that they also find the

specific place and who are the respondent. Upon the collecting the data, the researcher

explained to the participants the purpose of the study and obtained their consent. The

participant were given an informed consent package prior to participant in the study in

order for them to understand their role and what expected during the entire study. After

that researchers wrote a formal letter to the Principal of Lobo Senior High School to

request a permission for the conduct of the study which required the participation of

selected students of Grade11 HUMSS Students of Lobo Senior High School as the

respondents of the research. Researcher cautiously write down and recorded the gathered

data from the respondents that lead to comply all information that is needed.

ANALYSIS PLAN

In accomplishing this research, coding will be use to analyze the data that will be

gathered. In this procedure the research analyst reads the data and mark segments within

the data. This may be done at different times throughout the process. Each segments is

labeled with a “code” it is usually a word, a short phrase or letters that suggests how the

associated data segments inform the research objectives.

 After coding, the analyst prepares reports via a mix of summarizing of codes it is also

discussed about the similarities and differences in related codes across the original

sources or context of comparing the relationships between one or more codes.

The researchers choose the coding procedures to make their research interpretation

easier. The researchers need to interview 20 participants to gathered information that will

help to the research.

LIMITATIONS

The limitations of the study are when participants are not aware to the using gadgets

in modular learning and when the participants are shy or hesitant unsupported an

interview.