Explosive viral replication

Pathogenesis Cell lysis

Cytopathic effect from immune

Distribution of vimentin and microtubule

Pathogenesis Cytoskeleton alternation
Rabies Ex. High lipid content-->Anti-phagocytotic factor
1. Capsular polysaccharide
ทําให้สามารถ invasion tissue ได้มากพเราะไม่ถูก immune ทําลาย

Pathogenesis 1. Cytopathic virus Found in Gram positive bacteria

Pathogenesis Formation of syncytial

Inhibit protein synthesis

Cell-to-cell fusion to from multinucleate giant cell Cytotoxin
Ex. Diptheria toxin
Viral pathogenesis
Effect to neuromuscular junction
Pathogenesis Inclusion bodies formation Neurotoxin
Exotoxin Ex. Clostridium botulinum
Site of viral multiplication & protein synthesis Consist of Stimulate cAMP--> chloride secretion + inhibit sodium
Transform host cell to tumor/cancer Transformation & oncogene Pathogenesis reabsorbtion --> osmosis of water to lumen
2. Toxin production
Enterotoxin E.coli
Enteropathogenic bact.
Ex. Vibrio
2. Oncogenic virus Pathologic bacteria
Retrovirus--> suppress tumor suppressor gene & insertion of oncogene Ex. Virus & cancer
Staphylococcus aureus

Gram negative bacteria

Found in
Destruction of T-lymphocytes--> AIDS Pathogenesis HIV From Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
Endotoxin
Pathogenesis Fever Septic shock Hypotension

Ex. E.coli Salmonella spp. Pseudomonas spp.

HPV type 6&11
Lyse hyaluronic acid in CNT
Genital wart Pathogenesis HPV Hyaluronidase
Streptococcus spp.
Cervical cancer
HPV type 16&18 Clumping factor for making fibrin
3. Bacterial enzyme
Squamous cell carcinoma Sexually transmitted virus Coagulase
Streptococcus spp.
No chronic carrier
HAV
Collagenase Lyse collagen--> gas gangrene
From food &water Transmission

Cirrhosis-->cancer Long-incubation hepatitis aww Pus

HBV Pathogenesis Hepatitis virus Pathogenesis Purulent inflammation
Blood & sex Transmission Abscess

Severer than B Lead to permanent liver damage/liver cancer

HCV
Blood & sex Transmission
Purulent infection
Infect lymphocytes Immunocompromised Pathogenesis
Gram positive cocci Staphylococcus aureus Pathogenesis
Skin infection
Measles Consist of
Food poisoning
Fever Symptoms
Hospital-acquired infection
Maculopapular rash
Viral Pharyngitis Tonsillitis
Contact with Respiratory droplets Inflammation of lymph node--> enlargement Pathogenesis infection Streptococcus spp. Pathogenesis
Distant abscess
Mumps Gerneral Purulent discharge
Symptoms
Male Prostitis Epididymitis
Painful swelling of salivatory glands

Cervicitis

Neisseria gonorrhea Pathogenesis Female Tubo ovarian abcess

Pathogenesis Rubella
Ectopic pregnancy
Swollen gland &lymph node Consist of Infect from head of sperm
Gram negative cocci Consist of
Viral travel along sensory neuron to ganglia--> localized burning & large painful vesicle Arthritis
Septicemia
Endocarditis
Face & mouth Type 1
Pathogenesis HSV
Viral exanthema

Neisseria meningitidis Pathogenesis

Genitalia Type2

Meningococcal meningitis (purulent meningitis)

Spore forming bacteria--> infect by spore

Pathogenesis Varicella
Pathogenesis Cytotoxin Necrosis of infected cell
Exotoxin
Chicken pox--> rash & fever mild itching Neurotoxin Neuromuscular junction

Exotoxin --> lyse respiratory epithelium+ bleeding

+ inflammation--> pseudomembrane
Pathogenesis Herpes zoster Corynebacterium diphtheria Diptheria Pathogenesis
Pseudomembrane obstruct respiratory tract--> death

After chicken pox--> run through spinal nerve Septicemia--> myocardial necrosis

หูดข้าวสุก

Pox virus infection Spore--> germination--> vegetative form --> exotoxin

Molluscum contangiosum Clostridium tetani Pathogenesis Inhibit inhibitor neuron at neuromuscular junction--> muscle spasm
Gram positive bacilli
Pathogenesis
No pathologic change in neuromuscular junction
Consist of Tetanus
Direct contact MCV virus--> pearly-white waxy

Degeneration of motor neuron--> muscle palarysis

Pathogenesis Poliovirus
No infection occour from vaccines Clostridium botulinum Pathogenesis Block release of acetylcholine--> muscular paralysis

Botulism
CNS virus

From ulcer--> CNS/spinal cord --> pain/parasthesia Pathogenesis Rabies

Cytotoxin--> necrosis of skin/tissue
Clostridium perfringens Pathogenesis
Bacterial Severe toxemia--> death
infection Gas gangrene
Tinea
Pathogenesis Dermatophytosis No invasion of tissue
Ring form
Stimulate cAMP--> chloride secretion + inhibit sodium
กลาก Infection due to dermatophyte Vibrio cholerae Cholerae Pathogenesis Enterotoxin
reabsorbtion --> osmosis of water to lumen
Consist of Superficial & cutaneous mycoses
Severe rice water diarrhea--> dehydration --> shock--> death

Pathogenesis Pityriasis versicolor Shigella spp. Shigellosis Pathogenesis Invasion of intestinal mucosa--> bloody diarrhea (dysentery)
Infectious
Pityrosporum orbiculare Helicobacter pylori Pathogenesis Gastric ulcer & cancer in immunocompromised
เกลื้อน
disease
Every spp. Except typhi/paratyphi
Lesion in skin /subcutaneous tissue/fascia/bone by trauma Acute gastroenteritis
Damage intestinal mucosa--> ulceration--> dysentery
Gram negative bacilli Consist of
Pathogenesis Subcutaneous mycoses Immunocompromised
Group of bacteria
Salmonella bacteremia
Damage mucosa--> blood stream--> systemic infection

In salmonella typhi/paratyphi
Infected by Candida albicans In immunocompromised Pathogenesis Salmonella spp. Salmonellosis Pathogenesis
Fungal Fever
infection
Hyperplasia of peyer’s patch mesenteric lymph node
Candidiasis
Enteric fever
Symptoms

Cutaneous candidiasis Genital yeast infection

Cecum oval shape ulceration

Consist of Systemic mycoses
Pathogenesis

Mycotoxicosis--> invasive& granulomatous necrotizing disease

Aspergillosis Primary syphilis Chancre at site of infection
Genitalia

Symptoms Oral

2-10 week after

Found FIlamentous hyphae in tissue

1. Obstruction
Mostly found at hand
2. Tissue destruction
Maculopapular rash
3. Damage vitaL tissue Treponema pallidum Syphilis Pathogenesis Secondary syphilis
Pathogenesis
4. Interference absorption
Hyperplasia of squamous
5. Competition in utilizing substance
Spirochete Consist of epithelium in wet area
6. Irritation
Condylomata Lata
Wuchereria bancrofti
Latent phase of agent will show symptoms when
Latent syphilis
immunocompromised ex. Elderly

Filariasis Brain
Pathogenesis
Tertiary syphilis Granulomatous inflammation Heart
Lymphatic obstruction--> elephantitis Blood vessel

Oligouria

Contaminate in food/water/broken skin--> inflam internal organ Jaundice

Pathogenesis Ascariasis
Intestinal obstruction Leptospira spp. Leptospirosis Pathogenesis Myaglia
Visceral damage/peritonitis Cytotoxin--> endothelial cell--> petechial hemorrhage

Acute hepatorenal failure--> death

Pathogenesis Giardiasis
Lung
Pathogenesis
Colonization at gut--> reduce gut absorption Mycobacterium tuberculosis Tuberculosis Testis
Glanunomatous inflammation
with caseous Necrosis at

Pathogenesis Hookworm Symptoms Cough Weakness

Anemia & protein deficiency Leprae like cool temperature--> pathology in peripheral > core temperature ex. Arm> trunk

Mycobacterium Consist of

Pathogenesis Amoebiasis Ulceration ( nodular skin lesion )

Flask-shaped ulcer--> spread via blood--> amoebic abscesses Parasitic Mycobacterium leprae Leprosy Lepromatous leprosy Seperation of skin & lymph vessel
infection Pathogenesis
Bloody diarrhea

Consist of

Pathogenesis Opisthorchiasis
Granulomatous inflammation
Tuberculoid leprosy without caseous necrosis
Chronic inflammation of bile duct--> Cholangiocarcinoma
Fault from dentist

FIlamentous bacteria Consist of Actinomyces spp. Pathogenesis

Pathogenesis Fasciolosis

Direct damage to liver--> hemorrhage,liver nodular Inoculated into anaerobic tissue ex. Teeth & gum--> abscesses slowly progression

Small gram negative obligate Intracellular bacteria

Rickettsiae property
Rockettsia cause typhus
Pathogenesis Schistosomiasis

Urinary schistosomiasis --> granuloma formation

การเกิด cytoadherence --> Thrombosis--> obstruct blood flow--> local ischemic Infect endothelial --> vasculitis

1. เม็ดเลือดแดงที่ติดเชื้อ plasmodium falciparum จะมีการเกิด knob ขึ้นเป็นตะปุ่มตะปํ่ารอบเซลล์ Active host kallikrenin--> local clotting
ซึ่ง knob คือ parasite protein ที่แทรกไปตาม cell membrane ของเม็ดเลือดแดง
Microvascular injury
2. ซึ่ง knob ที่เกิดขึ้นจะทําให้เกิดการ cytoadherence คือ knob สามารถเดาะกับเม็ดเลือดแดงที่ Rickettsial Pathogenesis Typhus
ปกติได้ดี จับกับเม็ดเลือดผิดปกติด้วยดันก็ได้ หรือไปจับกับ ผนังหลอดเลือดเพราะที่ผนังหลอดเลือด infection Myocarditis
มี ICAM-1 ที่จับกับ knob ได้ดี
Encephalitis
Pathogenesis Malaria
Interstitial pneumonia

Interstitial nephritis
Systemic injury Hepatosplenomegaly

3. ทําให้ไป obstruct blood flow ที่สมอง-> cerebral malaria หรือไป obstruct ที่ปอด-> pulmonary edema