To Determine Nonlinear Seismic Demands of High-rise Buildings

Fawad Ahmed Najam and Pennung Warnitchai

fawad.ahmed.najam@ait.asia, Structural Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, AIT

Linear Elastic Model Determine Spectral Acceleration Determine Elastic Base Shears Reduce Elastic Base Shear to account for
for each Significant Mode inelasticity
Spectral Acceleration (SA)

Force
Stories
For Initial = Response Modification
Viscous Damping Factor, ASCE 7 (or
Behavior Factor, EC 8)

Eigen-value Analysis

Determine Modal Properties

Time Period (sec) Displacement
, ,

Mode 1 NL = Nonlinear Mode 1 EL = Equivalent Linear

Mode 2 Mode 2
Mode 3 Mode 3

F F
F
D NL F
F D EL F
NL NL D EL
D
D D EL
Nonlinear Structure

Detailed Nonlinear Response

History Analysis (NLRHA) Uncoupled Modal Response History Analysis (UMRHA) Modified Response Spectrum Analysis (MRSA)

Force Force The presented concept (i.e. the application of Equivalent

Equal-Energy Assumption
Energy dissipated by total
damping in a Nonlinear
System
Hysteretic Linearization Approach in RSA) is tested using 3 case study
Damping ( ) RC high-rise buildings. The individual-mode and combined
Equivalent Viscous
Damping ( ) demands obtained from standard RSA and proposed MRSA
are compared with benchmark UMRHA and NLRHA .

Energy dissipated by
equivalent viscous damping in
an equivalent linear system

Displacement Displacement

Total = Sum of Equivalent

Inherent Damping and
Equivalent Hysteretic Damping

Converted to
An Equivalent Linear System with Elongated
A Nonlinear System
Period and Additional Damping 20-story 33-story 44-story

a) This study presents a modified version of response spectrum analysis

3.5 30 based on equivalent linearization approach.
Mode 1 Secant Period from Monotonic Pushover Mode 1 Equivalent Viscous Damping from Cyclic
Analysis Pushover Analysis b) The underlying idea is that a properly tuned linear elastic SDF model
3 25 (with elongated natural period and with additional damping) can ap-
20-story 33-story proximately represent the nonlinear behavior of a vibration mode, and
2.5
20 hence can provide a reasonable estimate of nonlinear seismic de-
mands of that mode.
2 44-story
44-story 15 20-story c) The proposed MRSA procedure
33-story
1.5  provided a reasonably accurate nonlinear global and local seismic
10 demands of 3 case study buildings (both for individual vibration
1 modes as well as their sum).
0.5 5  retains the convenience offered by the standard RSA procedure; it
does not require nonlinear analysis nor nonlinear modeling.
0 0 d) This study is a first step towards the development of a more versatile
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 MRSA procedure, capable of handling buildings and structures of vari-
Roof Drift (%) Roof Drift (%) ous types, configurations, and materials.