2.

MUSCULAR SYSTEM

 human body has around 600 muscles

 functions:
o ______________________________
o ______________________________ - sitting and standing
o ______________________________
o ______________________________ - almost 85% is produced by muscles
o ______________________________ - tongue, lips
 muscle types

Type Characteristic Shape

- ______________shape
- ______________ - 1 central nucleus
- make up your internal organs
Smooth (uterus, digestive tract, blood
vessels...) EXCEPT _________
- slow and rhythmical contractions

- ______________ – conscious
control - ______________
- 40% of adult bodyweight - Multiple nuclei
- Striated thanks to muscle structure - Fibres create bundles and bundles
of myosin and actin create muscle
- 2 types:
Skeletal
o Red muscles –
_________vascularized; slow-
twitch muscles – long work
o White muscles -
_________vascularized; fast-
twitch muscles – short work
-1 nucleus per cell
-______________shape

- ______________
Cardiac - Found only in heart
- Controlled by medulla oblongata

 Mechanism of contraction of skeletal

muscle
o Parts: muscle fibres→ fascicle
→muscle

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 Muscles are divided into regions:
o Muscles of head and neck
1. Temporalis
2. Frontalis
3. Orbicularis oculi
4. Orbicularis oris
5. Zygomaticus
6. Masseter
7. Buccinators
8. Trapezius
9. Sternocleidomastoid

o Muscles of torso (chest, abdomen, back, pelvis)

10. Pectoral muscles
11. Rectus abdominis
12. External abdominal oblique
13. Linea alba
14. Latissimus dorsi
15. Gluteus maxiumus
16. Trapezius

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o Muscles of upper limb
17. Deltoid
18. Biceps brachii
19. Triceps brachii
20. Muscles of forearm
21. Muscles of hand

o Muscles of lower limb

22. Sartorial muscle
23. Quadriceps femoris
24. Biceps femoris
25. Gastrocnemicus
26. Tibialis anterior
27. Soleus
28. Muscles of foot

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