Vinz Oliver A.

Pedrano Grade 12 – STEM 1

Practical Research 2
What I Know
1. B 6. C 11. C
2. A 7. A 12. B
3. A 8. A 13. A
4. D 9. D 14. C
5. B 10. B 15. C

What’s New – Activity 1

A. Quantitative Research B. Qualitative Research
Measurable Behavior
Statistical Narrative
Objective Text-based
Intervention Unstructured observation
Experimental group Inductive
Table and Charts Subjective
Deductive Small Sample
Generalizable
Activity 2: Let’s match What’s More – Activity 3
1. A What’s More – Activity 3
2. C 11.
1.
6. TRUE 6. TRUE
7.
12.
2. TRUE 7. FALSE 1. YES 6. NO
3. B
13.
3.
8. FALSE 8. TRUE 2. YES 7.YES
4. D
9.
14.
4. TRUE 9. TRUE 3. NO 8. NO
5. E
10.
15.
5. FALSE 10. FALSE 4. YES 9. YES
5. NO 10. NO

What I Have Learned

1. Quantitative research is referred to as the process of collecting as well as analyzing numerical
data. It uses scientifically collected and statistically analyzed data to investigate observable
phenomena.

2. The characteristics of quantitative research are a large sample size, objectivity, concise visual
presentation, faster data analysis, generalized data, fast and easy data collection, reliable data,
and high replicability.

3. In quantitative research, variables are identified and defined, and relevant data is collected
from study participants. A strength of this type of research is that the data is in numeric form,
making it easier to interpret. The strengths of quantitative research are:
 Very objective.
 Numerical and quantifiable data can be used to predict outcomes.
 Findings are generalizable to the population.
 There is the conclusive establishment of cause and effect.
 Fast and easy data analysis using statistical software.
 Fast and easy data gathering.
 Quantitative research can be replicated or repeated.
 Validity and reliability can be established.

4. Quantitative research can lead to a lot of statistical analyses and different types of findings
using numbers. The weaknesses of quantitative research are:
 It lacks the necessary data to explore a problem or concept in depth.
 It does not provide a comprehensive explanation of human experiences.
 Some information cannot be described by numerical data such as feelings, and beliefs.
 The research design is rigid and not very flexible.
 The participants are limited to choose only from the given responses.
 The respondents may tend to provide inaccurate responses.
 A large sample size makes data collection more costly.

5.
A. Descriptive design is used to describe a particular phenomenon by observing it as it occurs in
nature. There is no experimental manipulation, and the researcher does not start with a
hypothesis
An example of descriptive research design is "the determination of the different physical
activities and how often high school students do it during the quarantine period."

B. Correlation design identifies the relationship between variables. Data is collected by

observation since it does not consider the cause and effect.
For example, the relationship between the amount of physical activity done and student
academic achievement.

C. Ex post facto design is used to investigate a possible relationship between previous events
and present conditions. The term "Ex post facto" which means after the fact, looks at the
possible causes of an already occurring phenomenon.
An example of this is "How does the parent's academic achievement affect the children
obesity?"

D. A quasi-experimental design is used to establish the cause-and-effect relationship of

variables. The quasi-experimental has lesser validity due to the absence of random selection
and assignment of subjects.
For example, the effects of unemployment on attitude towards following safety protocol
in ECQ declared areas.

E. Experimental design is used to establish the cause-and-effect relationship of two or more

variables. This design provides a more conclusive result because it uses a random assignment of
subjects and experimental manipulation.
For example, a comparison of the effects of various blended learning on the reading
comprehension of elementary pupils.

What I Can Do
RESEARCH TITLE QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGN
1. The relationship between crime statistics Correlation Design
and immigration.
2. The impact of education on obesity. Descriptive Design
3. The relationship between electoral results Correlation Design
and consumer confidence.
4. What are the issues faced by Uber? What Ex post facto Design
can be done to solve such issues?
5. The link between competitive risk Descriptive Design
assignment and estimated target market.
6. The impact of net neutrality and what Quasi Experimental Design
could happen in the future.
7. The strategy that saved IBM from going Experimental Design
 insolvent.
8. The aspect of gambling from the Descriptive Design
perspective of psychology.
9. How Magna Carta changed England? Ex post facto Design
10. Associated risks of confidential data Quasi Experimental Design
storage and detection.

Lesson 2
What’s New – Activity 1 Activity 2: Expanding your vocabulary!
1. B 1. Intervention
2. A/C 2. Discover
3. F 3. Marketable
4. D 4. Fast track
5. C 5. Correlation
6. G 6. Crafting
7. H 7. Interoperability
8. E 8. Sturdiest
9. Variable
10. Pandemic
What’s More
The purpose of
quantitative research is to attain greater knowledge and understanding of the social world.

In the field of Journalism, it is significant because quantitative data can contribute more
depth to the news article being written. Numbers play a role in defining a situation as
comparing & contrasting sets of data or simply indicating the significant numbers involved in
the news article.

Quantitative history involves the use of methods of statistical analysis drawn from the
social sciences but used on historical data. It is significant simply because we people want to
know things and has practical implications. It helps us understand what human beings are like
and what mistakes we tend to make. This can help us understand our present situation.

Engineer research is critical to an organization's productivity and competitiveness. From

wireless communications to robotics, biomedical engineering, and sustainable energy, it helps
fill gaps in knowledge and develop new products while improving organizational efficiency and
growth.

Quantitative research in anthropology is significant because they provide an objective

(intersubjective) basis for evaluating claims of causal relationships. They provide a superior
measure for evaluating claimed causal relations and choosing between two or more competing
theories.
What I Have Learned
A. Quantitative research targets being generalizable to many people through the utilization
of specific methods of sampling as well as data set. The research avails relevant descriptive data
regarding location or population, permitting people to gain features of the study's object. It
aims to be generalizable to large populations by using specific sampling methods and large data
sets. It attempts to establish cause-effect relationships among the variables. These are very
similar to true experiments, but with some key differences.

B.
Field Importance/Contribution
Natural and Physical Science  Investigate the effectiveness of a product or
treatment to illnesses
 Finding or enhancing alternative energy
sources
 Advancement in material science
Education  Enriches people's understanding of
themselves and the world.
 It improves the quality of lives
 This leads to broad social benefits to
individuals and society
Sports  Enhance athletic performance
Arts and Design  Show relationship between color and
architectural space
 Maximize use of Multimedia and adaptation
for recreation, business marketing, and
lifestyle changes
Agriculture and Fisheries  Increase the yield of crops
 Prevent and cure crops and livestock diseases
Information and Communication  Contributed immensely to social and
Technology economic improvements 
 Higher employment and productivity
 Increasing access to a higher quality of life
Social Science  Show effects of an intervention on group
behavior
 Understand cultural or racial conflicts
 Human satisfaction and stressors
Business and Accounting  Offer device marketing strategies
 Improve marketability

What I Can Do
Field Title, Author/s. Year published Contribution
Education The Better You Feel the Better You Finds a way to improve
Learn: Do Warm Colours and learning through colors and
 Rounded Shapes Enhance Learning
Outcome in Multimedia Learning?
Munchow, H., Mengelkamp, C.,
Bannert, M. (2017)
Medicine Characteristics of Effective Internal
Medicine Noon Conference
Presentations. Fraser, T., Sargsyan,
Z., Baggett, T., and Baggett, M.
(2016)
Sports Students’ Motivation for Sport
Activity and Participation in
University Sports: A Mixed-
Methods Study. Diehl, K., Fuchs,
A.K., Rathmann, K., and Hilger-Kolb,
J. (2018)
Food Industry The Impact of Food Service
Attributes on Customer Satisfaction
in a Rural University Campus
Environment. Serhan, M., and
Serhan, C. (2019)
Agriculture Agriculture and Aggregate
Productivity: A Quantitative Cross-
Country Analysis. Restuccia, D.,
Yang, D.T., and Zhu, X. (2006)
Arts The Impact of Visual Arts in
Students’ Academic Performance.
Punzalan, J. (2018)
Social Science Showcasing the contribution of
social sciences to health policy and
systems research. Topp, S., Scott,
K., Ruano, A., & Daniels, K. (2018)
Environmental Science Environment and energy
information for land use planning
scenarios in the eco-city planning
shapes.
Intention to read improved
with increasing effectiveness
scores of conferences.
For sports engagement
among students and
addresses the utilization of
university sports programs.
Determine different food
service attributes that have
an impact on customers’
overall satisfaction at a rural
university cafeteria.
Examines the role of
agriculture in accounting for
international differences in
output per worker.
Through arts education,
people may learn to address
and embrace diversity,
present emotions, and
differentiate values in the
world.
To highlight the critical
contribution of social science
approaches.
A series of urban planning
strategies for evaluating
possibilities in urban planning
 stage. Yeo, I., and Lee, E. (2018) scenarios.

ICT Teaching and Learning with Assist teachers to the global

Technology: Effectiveness of ICT
Integration in Schools. Ghavifekr,
S., and Rosdy, W. (2015)
requirement to replace
traditional teaching methods
with technology-based
teaching and learning tools
and facilities.

Energy A Quantitative Analysis of the The impact of renewable

Impact of Renewable Energy energy on sustainability and
Deployment on Sustainability: The applied benefits.
Turkish Case. Kilinc-Ata, N., and
Tanriover, B. (2017)

Lesson 3
What’s New – Activity 1
1. B 6. B
2. B 7. A
3. C 8. A
4. C 9. C
5. C 10. D

What’s More – Activity 2

1. Independent variable: Room Temperature
Dependent variable: Math Exam Scores
Extraneous variable: Student's IQ/Abilities

2. Independent variable: FB Posts

Dependent variable: Sales
Extraneous variable: Product quality/current economic status

3. Independent variable: Source of soil

Dependent variable: Growth of pechay
Extraneous variable: Weather or environmental conditions/pests

4. Independent variable: Charger and charging cable combination

Dependent variable: Charging time/how fast
Extraneous variable: Charger quality/compatibility

5. Independent variable: Learning modality

Dependent variable: Exam scores
 Extraneous variable: Student learning styles/availability of resources

Activity 3: Classifying variables

Type of variable Classification
1. Quantitative Continuous
2. Quantitative Continuous
3. Quantitative Continuous
4. Qualitative Nominal
5. Qualitative Nominal
6. Qualitative Ordinal
7. Qualitative Ordinal
8. Qualitative Nominal
9. Quantitative Discrete
10. Qualitative Nominal
11. Quantitative Discrete
12. Qualitative Ordinal
13. Qualitative Dichotomous
14. Quantitative Interval
15. Qualitative Nominal

What I Have Learned

1. Qualitative variables also referred to as categorical variables, are not expressed in
numbers but are descriptions or categories. While quantitative variables, also called
numerical variables, are the type of variables used in quantitative research because they
are numeric and can be measured.

2. Descriptive studies only describe the current state of a variable, so there are no
presumed cause or effects, therefore no independent and dependent variables.

3. Identifying the types of variables (independent and dependent variables) would help a
researcher know which of the items to experiment/research on and which to measure
and get results.

4. Confounding variables can affect the outcome of your study. This is because the external
influence from the confounding variable or third factor can ruin your research outcome
and produce useless results by suggesting a non-existent connection between variables.

5. Nominal and Ordinal are part of the Qualitative variable therefore, we use them in
defining groups of a subject (Nominal) and ranking in a certain order (Ordinal). On the
other hand, Discrete and Continuous are part of the Quantitative variable. We use them
on counting whole numbers (Discrete) and fractional (Non-whole numbers).
What I Can Do
Research Title: Analyzing the efficacy of fermented shortfin scad (Decapterus macrosama) as
feed formulation to broiler chicks

Independent variable: Feed formulation

Dependent variable: Growth condition of broiler chicks
Extraneous variable: Variety of chicken

Assessment
1. D 6. A 11. C
2. B 7. C 12. B
3. C 8. A 13. A
4. A 9. A 14. C
5. B 10. C 15. C