Q.

No Questions
A1
(i) Identify the methods of engineering analysis in which the prototype are used. (1Marks - [An/C,2])
a) Experimental method
b) Analytical method
c) Numerical approximation
d) Analytical Approximation method
(ii) The finite difference method is used for solving__________ kind of problems (1 Marks - [U/C,2])
a) Structural problems
b) Heat transfer problems
c) Fluid flow problems
d) All the above
(iii) The art of subdividing the structure into a convenient number of smaller elements is known as
(1 Marks - [U/C,2])
a) Discretizing
b) Splitting
c) Dividing
d) Pre processing
(iv) Identify the field in which the FEA was first developed. (1 Marks - [U/C,2])
a) Structural problems
b) Heat transfer problems
c) Fluid flow problems
d) All the above
(v) Triangular and rectangular elements are considered as (1 Marks - [U/C,2])
a) 1D elements
b) 2D elements
c) 3D elements
d) Axisymmetric elements
(vi) Which type of interpolation function are mostly used (1 Marks - [An/C,2])
a) Partial differential equations
b) Ordinary differential equations
c) Polynomial function equations
d) Quadratic function
(vii) FEM can’t produce exact results as those of…………methods (1 Marks - [U/C,2])
a) Analytical
b) Logical
c) Theoretical
d) All the above
(viii Assertion: All the 2D elements are categorised under axisymmetric elements.
) Reason: The axisymmetric element is a 2D element which is used to solve 3D problems.
Choose the correct option for the above statement. (2 Marks - [U/C,2])
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the
assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the
assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If the assertion and reason both are false.
(e) If assertion is false but reason is true
(ix) Fluid dynamic problems can also be solved using Finite Element Analysis technique.
(True / False) (1 Marks - [U/C,2])
Q.No Questions
A1
 (i) The Weighted residual method is used for solving__________ kind of problems
(2 Marks - [U/C,2])
e) Structural problems
f) Heat transfer problems
g) Fluid flow problems
h) Vibration problems
i) All the above
(ii) In which method the trail function itself is considered as the weighting function
(1 Marks – [U /C,2)
a) Galerkin’s method
b) Least squares method
c) Point collocation method
d) Sub domain colocation method
(iii) Whether weighted residual statement can be suitable for boundary conditions
(1 Marks – [An/C,2)
False/ True.
(iv) On which method integral of the weighted square of the residual is chosen as weighting function
(1 Marks – [U /C,2)
a) Galerkin’s method
b) Least squares method
c) Point collocation method
a) Sub domain colocation method
(v) Variational Method is referred as ___________ form. (2 Marks – [U /C,2)
a) Strong form
b) Weak form
c) Variational form
d) Equilibrium form
(vi) In which method weighting are chosen as the unity over a portion and zero else where
(1 Marks – [U /C,2)
a) Galerkin’s method
b) Least squares method
c) Point collocation method
d) Sub domain colocation method
(vii) In weighted residual method, the solutions obtained from all the methods will lead to same
solution for the given trial function. (1
Marks – [An/C,2)
True / False.
(viii In which method integral of the weighted square of the residual is chosen as weighting function
) (1 Marks – [U /C,2)
a) Galerkin’s method
b) Least squares method
c) Point collocation method
 d) Sub domain colocation method
Q.No Questions
A1 The following differential equation is available for a general physical phenomenon that could
be used for heat or wave equation.

(i)

From the above given trial function, compute the (1 Marks –

[AP/P,3])

a)

b)

c)

d)
(ii) Predict the unknown parameter a1 that can be used in forming the trial function.
(1 Marks – [Ap/P,3])
a) a1 = 22
b) a1 = 23
c) a1 = 24
d) a1 = 25
e) a1 = 26
f) a1 = 27
(iii) From the given weighted residual methods, Identify the method which requires the below
expression. (1 Marks –
[U/C,3])

e) Galerkin’s method
f) Least squares method
g) Point collocation method
h) Sub domain colocation method
(iv) From the given weighted residual methods, Identify the method which requires the below
expression. (1 Marks –
[U/C,3])
 a) Galerkin’s method
b) Least squares method
c) Point collocation method
d) Sub domain colocation method
(v) State true or false: (1 Marks –
[U/C,3])
For the given differential equation, the unknown parameter a1 will be same for all the
weighted residual methods. True.
(vi) In which method integral of the weighted square of the residual is chosen as weighting function
(1 Marks – [U /C,2)
a) Galerkin’s method
b) Least squares method
c) Point collocation method
d) Sub domain colocation method
(vii) Assertion : Solving the non-structural problems using the weighted residual methods are not
advisable.
Reason : The solutions obtained by solving the non-structural problem using the weighted residual
method will not match with exact solutions.
Choose the correct option for the above statement. (2 Marks – [An/C,3])
a) If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the
assertion.
b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the
assertion.
c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
d) If the assertion and reason both are false.
e) If assertion is false but reason is true
(viii State True or False for the following statement.
) The weighted residual method is also called as Variational method.
True / False.
(xi) State True or False for the following statement.
The weighted residual method does not need any differential equation to solve the structural
problems.
True / False.
Q.No Questions
A1 (i) Rayleigh -Ritz method is also known as (1Marks - [U/C,2])
(a) Variational Method
(b) Weighted Residual method
(c) Differential method
(d) Integral method
(e) Potential energy method
(ii) Write the equation of principle of minimum potential energy (1Marks - [An/C,2])
(a) π= U + H
 (b) π= U - H
(c) π= U x H
(d) π= U / H
(iii) The total potential energy is the algebraic sum of (1Marks - [U/C,2])
(a) integral strain energy and work potential
(b) integral strain energy and external work done
(c) integral stress energy and work potential
(d) integral stress energy and external work done
(iv) Variational method makes use of the principle called (1Marks - [U/C,2])
(a) Principle of maximum potential energy
(b) Principle of minimum potential energy
(c) Principle of average potential energy
(d) Principle of integral potential energy
(e) Principle of differential potential energy
(v) Assertion : Rayleigh-Ritz method is possible only if a suitable functional is available
Reason : If a suitable functional is not available Galerkin’s method of weighted residual is used
Choose the correct option for the above statement. (2Marks - [U/C,2])
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the
assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the
assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If the assertion and reason both are false.
(e) If assertion is false but reason is true
(vi) State True or False: (1Marks - [U/C,2])
Rayleigh-Ritz method is mostly used for solving solid mechanics problems
True.
(vii) _______is an integral expression that implicitly contains the governing differential equations.
(1Marks - [U/C,2])
(a) Functional
(b) Polynomial
(c) Linear
(d) Quadratic
(viii Polynomials are generally used and sometimes _____ and _____ terms are also used as
) approximation function. (1Marks - [U/C,2])
(a) Sine, Cot
(b) Sine, Cosine
(c) Cosine, Cot
(d) Cosine, Tan
(ix) State True or False: (1Marks - [U/C,2])
Rayleigh Ritz method falls under the category of numerical approximation method.
False.
Q.No Questions
A1 Jacking is a procedure of lifting an aircraft above from the ground to using two
standard aircraft hydraulic jacks at the wing jacking points. Jacking helps an engineer to inspect
and service the landing gears.

Section A-A’

After jacking, the aircraft is supported by two hydraulic jacks each at both the wings. A
maintenance engineer was inspecting the aircraft from outside and wants to calculate the deflection
and bending moment occurring on the aircraft during the jacking procedure. He follows Rayleigh
Ritz method to find the maximum deflection and bending moment for the section A-A’. And the
procedure to find them is given below.

Fig: Section A-A’

(i) For a simply supported beam, the approximating function formed by Fourier series is,
(1Marks - [An/C,2])
(a) y = Ʃ a sin (nπx)/l
(b) y = Ʃ a cos (nπx)/l
(c) y = Ʃ a tan (nπx)/l
(d) y = Ʃ a cot (nπx)/l
(e) y = Ʃ a sin (nx)/l
(f) y = Ʃ a sin (nπ)/l
(ii) In total potential energy of the beam, π = U – H, the term U represents, (1Marks -
[U/C,2])
(a) internal energy
(b) external energy
(c) strain energy
(d) stress energy
(e) shear stress energy
(f) work done
(iii) In total potential energy of the beam, π = U – H, the term H represents, (1Marks -
[U/C,2])
(a) internal energy
(b) external energy
 (c) strain energy
(d) stress energy
(e) shear stress energy
(f) work done
(iv) For the given problem predict the U value, (1Marks - [Ap/P,2])

Answer: (a)
(v) For the given problem predict the H value, (1Marks - [Ap/P,2])

Answer: (a)
(vi) For the given problem predict the a1 value, (1Marks - [Ap/P,2])

Answer: (a)
(vii) For the given problem predict the a2 value, (1Marks - [Ap/P,2])

Answer: (f)
(viii State True or False: (1Marks - [U/C,2])
) Rayleigh-Ritz method is mostly used for solving fluid mechanics problems
False
(ix) Assertion : Rayleigh-Ritz method is possible only if a suitable functional is available
Reason : If a suitable functional is available Galerkin’s method of weighted residual is used
Choose the correct option for the above statement. (2Marks - [U/C,2])
(f) If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the
assertion.
(g) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the
assertion.
 (h) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(i) If the assertion and reason both are false.
If assertion is false but reason is true

Unit -2
Q.No Questions
A1 (i) Identify the type of elements in which the bar and beam elements are considered.
(1 Marks - [U/C,2])
(a) 1 Dimensional elements
(b) 2 Dimensional elements
(c) 3 Dimensional elements
(d) Axisymmetric elements
(e) Isoparametric elements
(f) Super parametric elements
(ii) Suggest a type of element that is used to model the trusses and frame structures.
(1 Marks - [An/C,2])
(a) 1 Dimensional elements
(b) 2 Dimensional elements
(c) 3 Dimensional elements
(d) Axisymmetric elements
(e) Isoparametric elements
(f) Super parametric elements
(iii) Identify the structural member which is considered to resist only the axial loads.
(1 Marks - [U/C,2])
(a) Bar
(b) Beam
(c) Truss
(d) Frame
(e) Link
(f) spring
(iv) Choose the structural member which is considered to resist the axial, lateral and twisting
loads.
(1 Marks - [U/C,2])
(a) Bar
(b) Beam
(c) Truss
(d) Frame
(e) Link
(f) spring
(v) _________ is an assemblage of bars with pin joints. (1 Marks -
[An/C,2])
(a) Bar
 (b) Beam
(c) Truss
(d) Frame
(e) Link
(f) spring
(vi) _________ is an assemblage of beams with pin joints. (1 Marks -
[An/C,2])
(a) Bar
(b) Beam
(c) Truss
(d) Frame
(e) Link
(f) spring
(vii) State True or False. (1 Marks - [U/C,2])
The basic one dimensional procedure is same for two and three dimensional problems.
True.
(viii Identify the type of force in which the self -weight of the body due to the gravity is
) considered as
(1 Marks - [U/C,2])
(a) point load (force)
(b) body force
(c) surface force
(d) body force
(e) pressure force
(f) traction force
(xi) _________ is a distributed force that is acting on the surface of the body. (1 Marks -
[U/C,2])
(a) point load (force)
(b) body force
(c) torsional force
(d) body force
(e) pressure force
(f) traction force
(x) __________ is distributed force acting on every elemental volume. (1 Marks -
[U/C,2])
(a) point load (force)
(b) body force
(c) surface force
(d) body force
(e) pressure force
(f) traction force
Q.No Questions
A1 The landing gear is an important component of an aircraft which helps in landing, take-off and
taxing the aircraft on ground. During landing and takeoff, it experiences heavy loads and an FEA
engineer calculated those loads acting on an aircraft when it was in flying condition.

Section A-A’

Fig-1

Fig-2: Section A-A’

(i) For the given model, the stiffness matrix was assembled with boundary conditions were applied as
given below. (1 Marks – [Ap/P,2])

Predict the nodal displacement at node 2 (u2).

(a) u2 = 0.01
(b) u2 = 0.02
(c) u2 = 0.03
(d) u2 = 0.04
(e) u2 = 0.05
(f) u2 = 0.06
(ii) For the given model, the stiffness matrix was assembled with boundary conditions were applied as
given below. (1 Marks – [Ap/P,2])

Predict the nodal displacement at node 2 (u3).

(a) u3 = 0.01
 (b) u3 = 0.02
(c) u3 = 0.03
(d) u3 = 0.04
(e) u3 = 0.05
(f) u3 = 0.06
(iii) Suppose the aircraft had experienced a hard landing and that caused some damage in landing
gear strut (aluminium). From the below table of materials, Suggest a material which will be fail safe
in hard landing also. (1Marks – [An/C,3])

Answer: f
(iv) Assertion : The reaction force should be proportional to the forces acting on the entire element.
Reason : reaction force acting on an element is due to the self-weight of the component.
Choose the correct option for the above statement. (2 Marks – [U/C,3])
f) If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the
assertion.
g) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the
assertion.
h) If assertion is true but reason is false.
i) If the assertion and reason both are false.
j) If assertion is false but reason is true
(v) Identify the coordinate system in which the points in the entire structure are defined using a
coordinate system. (1 Marks –
[U/C,2])
(a) Global coordinate system
(b) Local coordinate system
(c) Natural coordinate system
(d) Polar coordinate system
(e) Cartesian coordinate system
(vi) Identify the coordinate system in which a separate coordinate is used for each element.
(1 Marks – [U/C,2])
(a) Global coordinate system
(b) Local coordinate system
(c) Natural coordinate system
(d) Polar coordinate system
 (e) Cartesian coordinate system
(vii) Identify the coordinate system which is used to define any point inside the element by a set
of dimensionless numbers whose magnitude never exceeds unity. (1 Marks –
[U/C,2])
(a) Global coordinate system
(b) Local coordinate system
(c) Natural coordinate system
(d) Polar coordinate system
(e) Cartesian coordinate system
(viii State true or false: (1 Marks – [U/C,2])
) For a stiffness matrix, the sum of elements in any column must be equal to zero.
True.
(ix) State True or False: (1 Marks –
[U/C,2])
The diagonal coefficients are always positive and relatively large when compared to the off-
diagonal vales in the same row.
True.
Q.No Questions
A1 The landing gear is an important component of an aircraft which helps in landing, take-off and
taxing the aircraft on ground. During landing and takeoff, it experiences heavy loads and an FEA
engineer calculated those loads acting on an aircraft when it was in flying condition.

Section A-A’

Fig-1

Fig-2: Section A-A’

(i) For the given model, the stiffness matrix was assembled with boundary conditions were applied as
given below. (1 Marks – [Ap/P,2])
 Predict the nodal displacement at node 2 (u2).
(g) u2 = 0.01
(h) u2 = 0.02
(i) u2 = 0.03
(j) u2 = 0.04
(k) u2 = 0.05
(l) u2 = 0.06
(ii) For the given model, the stiffness matrix was assembled with boundary conditions were applied as
given below. (1 Marks – [Ap/P,2])

Predict the nodal displacement at node 2 (u3).

(g) u3 = 0.01
(h) u3 = 0.02
(i) u3 = 0.03
(j) u3 = 0.04
(k) u3 = 0.05
(l) u3 = 0.06
(iii) Suppose the aircraft had experienced a hard landing and that caused some damage in landing
gear strut (aluminium). From the below table of materials, Suggest a material which will be fail safe
in hard landing also. (1Marks – [An/C,3])

Answer: f
(iv) Assertion : The reaction force should be proportional to the forces acting on the entire element.
Reason : reaction force acting on an element is due to the self-weight of the component.
Choose the correct option for the above statement. (2 Marks – [U/C,3])
k) If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the
assertion.
 l) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the
assertion.
m) If assertion is true but reason is false.
n) If the assertion and reason both are false.
o) If assertion is false but reason is true
(v) Identify the coordinate system in which the points in the entire structure are defined using a
coordinate system. (1 Marks –
[U/C,2])
(f) Global coordinate system
(g) Local coordinate system
(h) Natural coordinate system
(i) Polar coordinate system
(j) Cartesian coordinate system
(vi) Identify the coordinate system in which a separate coordinate is used for each element.
(1 Marks – [U/C,2])
(f) Global coordinate system
(g) Local coordinate system
(h) Natural coordinate system
(i) Polar coordinate system
(j) Cartesian coordinate system
(vii) Identify the coordinate system which is used to define any point inside the element by a set
of dimensionless numbers whose magnitude never exceeds unity. (1 Marks –
[U/C,2])
(f) Global coordinate system
(g) Local coordinate system
(h) Natural coordinate system
(i) Polar coordinate system
(j) Cartesian coordinate system
(viii State true or false: (1 Marks – [U/C,2])
) For a stiffness matrix, the sum of elements in any column must be equal to zero.
True.
(ix) State True or False: (1 Marks –
[U/C,2])
The diagonal coefficients are always positive and relatively large when compared to the off-
diagonal vales in the same row.
True.
Q.No Questions
A1 The truss structures sally used to build strong and rigid structures. The cell phone towers
are best examples of truss structure. The following is a truss used in a cell phone tower.
(i) For the given model, the stiffness matrix was assembled with boundary conditions were applied as
given below. (1 Marks – [Ap/P,2])

Predict the nodal displacement at node 1 (u1).

(a) u1 = -0.952 mm
(b) u1 = -1.952 mm
(c) u1 = -2.952 mm
(d) u1 = -3.952 mm
(e) u1 = -4.952 mm
(f) u1 = -5.952 mm
(ii) For the given model, the stiffness matrix was assembled with boundary conditions were applied as
given below. (1 Marks – [Ap/P,2])

Predict the nodal displacement at node 2 (u2).

(a) u2 = -0.571 mm
(b) u2 = -1.571 mm
(c) u2 = -2.571 mm
(d) u2 = -3.571 mm
(e) u2 = -4.571 mm
 (f) u2 = -5.571 mm
(iii) For the given model, predict the stress acting at node 1 (σ 2) using the nodal displacements
found from the previous questions. The formula for calculating the nodal stress is given
below.

(1 Marks – [Ap/P,2])

(a) σ2 = -80 N/mm2

(b) σ2 = -90 N/mm2
(c) σ2 = -100 N/mm2
(d) σ2 = -110 N/mm2
(e) σ2 = -120 N/mm2
(f) σ2 = -130 N/mm2
(iv) State True or False: (1 Marks – [U/C,2])
The reaction force will not be acting in truss type of problems.
False.
(v) State True or False: (1 Marks – [U/C,2])
The truss type of models can also be discretized with 2D elements.
False.
(vi) _________ is an assemblage of bars with pin joints. (1 Marks -
[An/C,2])
(g) Bar
(h) Beam
(i) Truss
(j) Frame
(k) Link
(l) spring
(vii) Assertion : A triangular truss element has to be discretized with 3 1D line elements.
Reason : A line element of a truss can have 2 nodal displacements at each nodes.
Choose the correct option for the above statement. (2 Marks – [U/C,2])
A) If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the
assertion.
B) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the
assertion.
C) If assertion is true but reason is false.
D) If the assertion and reason both are false.
 E) If assertion is false but reason is true.
(viii State True or False: (1 Marks –
) [U/C,2])
The truss type of models the self-weight of the members are neglected unless it is stated.
True.
(ix) In truss models are considered to be loaded only at the, (1 Marks –
[U/C,2])
(a) Members
(b) Joints
(c) Fixed ends
(d) Free ends
(e) Pinned ends
Q.No Questions
A1 (i) Choose the structural member which is considered to resist the axial, lateral and twisting
loads.
(1 Marks - [U/C,2])
(g) Bar
(h) Beam
(i) Truss
(j) Frame
(k) Link
(l) spring
(ii) Identify the type of beam in which one end is free and the other end is fixed. (1 Marks –
[U/C,2])
(a) Cantilever beam
(b) Simply supported beam
(c) Overhanging beam
(d) Fixed beam
(e) Continuous beam
(iii) Identify the type of beam in which one or both the end portions re extended beyond the
support.
(1 Marks – [U/C,2])
(a) Cantilever beam
(b) Simply supported beam
(c) Overhanging beam
(d) Fixed beam
(e) Continuous beam
(iv) Identify the type of beam in which has more than two supports. (1 Marks –
[U/C,2])
(a) Cantilever beam
(b) Simply supported beam
(c) Overhanging beam
 (d) Fixed beam
(e) Continuous beam
(v) Identify the type of beam in which is supported or resting freely on the supports at it’s both
the ends. (1 Marks –
[U/C,2])
(a) Cantilever beam
(b) Simply supported beam
(c) Overhanging beam
(d) Fixed beam
(e) Continuous beam
(vi) Identify the type of beam whose both ends are fixed or built into the walls. (1 Marks –
[U/C,2])
(a) Cantilever beam
(b) Simply supported beam
(c) Overhanging beam
(d) Fixed beam
(e) Continuous beam
(vii) State True or False: (1 Marks –
[U/C,2])
The uniformly distributed load and point load cannot be acting at a same point of a beam.
False.
(viii State True or False: (1 Marks –
) [U/C,2])
The uniformly distributed load and uniformly varying load can be acting at a same point of a
beam.
False.
(ix) Assertion : The reaction forces are not acting the fixed ends of a beam.
Reason : the reaction force are applicable only for the simply supported beams.
Choose the correct option for the above statement. (2 Marks – [U/C,2])
F) If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the
assertion.
G) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the
assertion.
H) If assertion is true but reason is false.
I) If the assertion and reason both are false.
J) If assertion is false but reason is true.
Q.No Questions
A1 The first step of the finite element analysis involves the discretization of the irregular
domain into smaller and regular subdomains, known as finite elements. This is equivalent to
replacing the domain having an infinite number of degrees of freedom by a system having
finite number of degrees of freedom. Two dimensional elements are defined by three or
more nodes in a two dimensional plane. The element having three nodes is the basic
triangular element. They are used to model a wide range of engineering problems.
Properties, parameters and concepts of solving Two dimensional problems with 2D
 elements are discussed.
(i) From the below elements, Choose the basic element that is useful for two dimensional
analysis
(1 Marks –
[U/C,2])
a) Rectangle element
b) Triangle element
c) quadrilateral element
d) Parallelogram element
e) Truss element
f) Frame element
(ii) Identify the process of subdividing a structure into convenient number of small elements.
(1 Marks –
[U/C,2])
a) Numbering of elements
b) Discretization
c) Finite element
d) Subdivision
e) differentiating
(iii) Suggest an example for the plane strain type of analysis problem. (1 Marks –
[Ap/P,2])
a) Dams and pipes subjected to constant load over the length
b) Dams and pipes subjected to constant load over the height
c) Dams and pipes subjected to constant load over the width
d) Plates with holes
e) Plates with fillets
(iv) In the plane stain analysis the strain normal to the plane and the shear strains are assumed
to be
(1 Marks – [U/C,2])
a) maximum
b) minimum
c) constant
d) zero
e) unity
f) ratio
(v) In the Plane stress analysis, the normal stress and shear stress are __________ to the plane.
(1 Marks – [U/C,2])
a) Parallel
b) inclined
c) Perpendicular
d) Concurrent
e) imposed
(vi) State True or False:
In two dimensional problems , each node is permitted to move in four directions
(1 Marks – [U/C,2])
False
(vii) State True or False:
The basic two dimensional triangular element has nine degrees of freedom (1 Marks –
[Ap/P,3])
False
(viii State True or False:
) In a three noded triangular element known as constant strain triangular element, the stain
varies throughout the element (1 Marks –
[Ap/P,2])
False
(ix) Assertion : The CST element has 3 nodes with 6 nodal displacements acting on it.
Reason : For a 2 dimensional element, each node will have 2 nodal displacements.
 Choose the correct option for the above statement. (2 Marks – [U/C,2])
K) If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the
assertion.
L) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the
assertion.
M) If assertion is true but reason is false.
N) If the assertion and reason both are false.
O) If assertion is false but reason is true.
Q.No Questions
A1 In FEA, the members that are thin (those with a small Z dimension compared to the in-plane x and
y dimensions) and whose loads act only in the x-y plane can be considered to be under plane
stress. The loads on the ribs of an aircraft’s wing will experience this plane stress condition.

Fig:1 – Ribs of a wing triangular supports

In FEA, the plane stress problems were considered to be triangular elements for the ease
of solving it.

(i) Predict the area of the given triangular element. The formula for finding the area of triangle
 is given below. (1 Marks – [Ap/P,2])

(a) A = 2400mm2
(b) A = 2500mm2
(c) A = 2600mm2
(d) A = 2700mm2
(e) A = 2800mm2
(f) A = 2900mm2
(ii) Compute the Stress – Strain relationship matrix for the given triangular element from the
given data. The expression for finding the Stress – Strain relationship matrix for a plane
stress element is given below.
(1 Marks – [Ap/P,2])

Answer: (d)
(iii) The procedure for predicting the stresses is given below find the normal stress (σ x) in x
direction. (1 Marks – [Ap/P,2])

(a) σx = -3088.36 N/mm2

(b) σx = -4188.36 N/mm2
 (c) σx = -5288.36 N/mm2
(d) σx = -6388.36 N/mm2
(e) σx = -7488.36 N/mm2
(f) σx = -8588.36 N/mm2
(iv) The procedure for predicting the stresses is given below find the normal stress (σ y) in y
direction. (1 Marks – [Ap/P,2])

(a) σy = -133.54 N/mm2

(b) σy = -144.54 N/mm2
(c) σy = -155.54 N/mm2
(d) σy = -166.54 N/mm2
(e) σy = -177.54 N/mm2
(f) σy = -188.54 N/mm2
(v) The procedure for predicting the stresses is given below find the Shear stress (τ xy).
(1 Marks –
[Ap/P,2])

(a) τxy = 211.31 N/mm2

(b) τxy = 222.31 N/mm2
(c) τxy = 233.31 N/mm2
(d) τxy = 244.31 N/mm2
(e) τxy = 255.31 N/mm2
(f) τxy = 266.31 N/mm2
(vi) Compute the Maximum normal stress for the given triangular element from the given data.
The expression for finding the Maximum normal stress for a plane stress element is given
below. Se the vales of σx , σy and τxy from the previous answers. (1 Marks –
[Ap/P,2])
 (a) σmax = -111.956 N/mm2
(b) σmax = -122.956 N/mm2
(c) σmax = -133.956 N/mm2
(d) σmax = -144.956 N/mm2
(e) σmax = -155.956 N/mm2
(f) σmax = -166.956 N/mm2
(vii) Compute the Minimum normal stress for the given triangular element from the given data.
The expression for finding the Minimum normal stress for a plane stress element is given
below. Se the vales of σx , σy and τxy from the previous answers. (1 Marks –
[Ap/P,2])

(a) σmin = -5067.9 N/mm2

(b) σmin = -5178.9 N/mm2
(c) σmin = -5289.9 N/mm2
(d) σmin = -5390.9 N/mm2
(e) σmin = -5401.9 N/mm2
(f) σmin = -5512.9 N/mm2
(viii State True or False:
) The plane stress element problems can also be solved by considering as plane strain
problems.
(1 Marks – [Ap/P,2])
False
(ix) Assertion : Only triangular element problems are solved by using the plane stress method
Reason : The 4 noded quadrilateral element problems cannot be solved by using the plane stress
method.
Choose the correct option for the above statement. (2 Marks – [U/C,2])
P) If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the
assertion.
Q) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the
assertion.
R) If assertion is true but reason is false.
S) If the assertion and reason both are false.
T) If assertion is false but reason is true.
Q.No Questions
(viii State True or False:
) The plane strain element problems can also be solved by considering as plane stress
problems.
(1 Marks – [Ap/P,2])
False
(ix) Assertion : Only triangular element problems are solved by using the plane strain method
Reason : Only 4 noded quadrilateral element problems cannot be solved by using the plane strain
method.
Choose the correct option for the above statement. (2 Marks – [U/C,2])
U) If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the
assertion.
 V) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the
assertion.
W) If assertion is true but reason is false.
X) If the assertion and reason both are false.
Y) If assertion is false but reason is true.
Q.No Questions
A1
(i) Identify the type of element is used for the given analysis problems. (1 Mark –
[U/C,2])

a) Iso parametric element

b) CST element
c) LST element
d) Axisymmetric element
e) 3 D element
f) Circular element
(ii) Match the element the type shown in given table (3 Marks –
[U/C,2])

S.N
A B C
o

Six noded
Linear strain
1. triangular
triangular element
element

Four noded axi-

Rectangular
2. symmetric
element
element

Three noded
Triangular element
3. axi symmetric with 3 nodes
element

a) A1B2C1;A2B3C2;A3B1C3
b) A1B3C3;A2B2C2;A3B1C2
c) A1B2C1;A2B1C1;A3B3C3
d) A1B2C3;A2B3C1;A3B1C2
e) A1B3C1;A2B2C2;A3B1C3

(iii) State True or False:

 All the boundary and loading conditions must be symmetric about axis of revolution.
True. (1 Mark – [U/C,1])
(iv) State True or False:
An axisymmetric solid is generated by revolving a plane figure about an axis of the plane.
True. (1 Mark – [U/C,1])
(v) From the below elements, Choose the basic element that is useful for solving the
axisymmetric type of problems.
(1 Marks –
[U/C,2])
g) Rectangle element
h) Triangle element
i) quadrilateral element
j) Parallelogram element
k) Truss element
l) Frame element
(vi) Identify the process of subdividing a structure into convenient number of small elements.
(1 Marks –
[U/C,2])
f) Numbering of elements
g) Discretization
h) Finite element
i) Subdivision
j) differentiating
(vii) Assertion : Many three dimensional problems in engineering exhibit symmetry about an axis of
rotation.
Reason : The problem domain must be symmetric about the axis of revolution, (conventionally z-
axis)
Choose the correct option for the above statement. (2 Marks – [U/C,2])
Z) If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the
assertion.
AA)If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the
assertion.
BB) If assertion is true but reason is false.
CC) If the assertion and reason both are false.
DD) If assertion is false but reason is true.
Q.No Questions
A1
1 Assertion : the Iso-Parametric elements were used to discretize the complex structures of a
component. (2Marks - [U/C,2])
Reason : the curved structures are easy to discretise comparing to proper shaped components. .
Choose the correct option for the above statement.
(f) If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the
assertion.
(g) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the
assertion.
(h) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(i) If the assertion and reason both are false.
(j) If assertion is false but reason is true
2 The parameter which is used to find the nodal displacements in all parts of element
(1Marks - [U/C,2])
[A] shape function
 [B]node function
[C]element function
[D]coordinate function
3 In local co-ordinate system the nodes of the structure are specified by the (1Marks - [U/C,2])
[A] Origin
[B] End points
[C] Any point on the element
[D] None
4 Iso-Parametric Element is suitable for _____Element (1Marks - [U/C,2])
[A] Regular
[B] Ir-regular
[C] Sub
[D] Super
5 In isoparametric elements, the matrix {F} in the assembly level equations, {F} = [K]{u} represents
(1 Marks-[Ap/P,2])
[A]. {F} will represent external force for any type of governing differential equation.
[B]. {F} represents the terms related to external load – both point and distributed loads.
[C]. {F} represents the terms related to distributed load.
[D]. {F} represents the terms related to point loads.

6 In higher order elements, secondary nodes(midside) are introduced in addition to the

primary nodes at the corners. (1 Marks –
[Ap/P,2])
a) True
b) False
7 When the number of nodes used for defining geometry is less than the number of nodes
used to define the displacement, it is known as___________ element. (1 Marks –
[U/C,2])
a) Isoparametric
b) Superparametric
c) Subparamatric
d) Mesoparamatric
8 When the number of nodes used for defining geometry is more than the number of nodes
used to define the displacement, it is known as___________ element. (1 Marks –
[U/C,2])
a) Isoparametric
b) Superparametric
c) Subparamatric
d) Mesoparamatric
9 When the number of nodes used for defining geometry is equal the number of nodes used to
define the displacement, it is known as___________ element. (1 Marks – [U/C,2])
a) Isoparametric
b) Superparametric
c) Subparamatric
d) mesoparamatric
Q.No Questions
A1
1 Assertion : the Iso-Parametric elements were used to discretize the complex structures of a
component. (2Marks - [U/C,2])
Reason : the curved structures are easy to discretise comparing to proper shaped components. .
Choose the correct option for the above statement.
 (k) If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the
assertion.
(l) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the
assertion.
(m) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(n) If the assertion and reason both are false.
(o) If assertion is false but reason is true
2 In higher order elements ----- function is used to define the shape function
a) Interpolation polynomial
b) Exponential
c) Logarithmic
d) Quadratic
(1 Mark – [R/F,2])
3 In higher order elements, secondary nodes (midside) are introduced in addition to the
primary nodes at the corners. (1 Marks –
[Ap/P,2])
a) True
b) False
4 The interpolation polynomial is of order two or more, the element is known as a_______
order element. (1 Marks –
[U/P,2])
a) higher
b) Lower
c) Medium
d) Constant
5 The isoparametric elements are used for mapping the _________ boundaries.
(1 Marks – [Ap/P,2])
a) curved
b) straight
c) regular
d) parametric
6 Which of the following is not the characteristics of an element. (1 Marks –
[U/C,2])
a) definite shape
b) have minimum two nodes
c) loads act at the nodes
d) large portion of a system
7 Discretization process is not influenced by_____ (1 Marks – [Ap/p,2])
a) Type of elements
b) Size of elements
c) location of node
d) Type of load
8 Shape function of the 2D Element can be develoed by having nodes only on the boundaries
for ___________ element.
a) Iso Parametric
b) Sub Parametric
c) Super Parametric
d) Serendipity
(1 Mark – [R/F,1])
9 The simple elements in two dimensions are triangle with __________ nodes.
a) Three
b) Four
c) Six
d) Eight
(1 Mark – [U/C,2])
Q.No Questions
A1
1 Assertion : the Iso-Parametric elements were used to discretize the complex structures of a
component. (2Marks - [U/C,2])
Reason : the curved structures are easy to discretise comparing to proper shaped components. .
Choose the correct option for the above statement.
(p) If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the
assertion.
(q) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the
assertion.
(r) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(s) If the assertion and reason both are false.
(t) If assertion is false but reason is true
2 Shape function of the 2D Element can be develoed by having nodes only on the boundaries
for ___________ element.
e) Iso Parametric
f) Sub Parametric
g) Super Parametric
h) Serendipity
(1 Mark – [R/F,1])
3 The simple elements in two dimensions is triangle with __________ nodes.
e) Three
f) Four
g) Six
h) Eight
(1 Mark – [U/C,2])
4 In higher order elements ----- function is used to define the shape function
e) Interpolation polynomial
f) Exponential
g) Logarithmic
h) Quadratic
(1 Mark – [R/F,2])
5 The given expression is the gaussian quadrature for numerical integration. State true or false.

Ans: True (1 Mark – [R/F,1])

6 The integral of polynomial terms in natural co ordinates . The value of the function will be A/60.
State true or false.

Ans: True (1 Mark – [U/C,2])

7 In Gauss quadrature method the intergral limit varies from
a) 0 to 1
b) -1 to 1
c) -1 to 0
d) 1 to 0
e) 1 to 2
f) 0 to -1
 (1 Mark – [U/C,1])
8 The number of elements to be selected for discretization does not depends on_____
(1 Marks – [An/P,2])
a) Accuracy desired
b) size of the elements
c) Number of degrees of freedom involved
d) Size of the problem
9 1
The shape function for quadrilateral elements is given by N 1= (1−ε )(1−η) where' η ' ∧' ε ’
4
represents. (1 Marks – [Ap/p,2])
a) Natural co-ordiantes
b) artificial co-ordinates
c) complex co-ordinates
d) real co-ordinated
Q.No Questions
A1 The torsional force is twisting or wrenching of a body by the exertion of forces
tending to turn one end or part about a longitudinal axis while the other is held fast
or turned in the opposite direction.

1 Torsional sectional modulus is also known as _________

a) Polar modulus
b) Sectional modulus
c) Torsion modulus
d) Torsional rigidity
(1 Marks – [U/C,2])
2 ________ is a measure of the strength of shaft in rotation.
a) Torsional modulus
b) Sectional modulus
c) Polar modulus
d) Torsional rigidity
(1 Marks – [U/C,2])
3 What are the units of torsional rigidity?
a) Nmm2
b) N/mm
c) N-mm
d) N
 (1 Marks – [An/C,2])
4 The angle of twist can be written as ________
T = Torque in Nm
L = Length of shaft
CJ = Torsional rigidity.

a) TL/J
b) CJ/TL
c) TL/CJ
d) T/J
(1 Marks – [An/C,2])
5 The power transmitted by shaft SI system is given by __________
a) 2πNT/60
b) 3πNT/60
c) 2πNT/45
d) NT/60 W
(1 Marks – [An/C,2])
6 A shaft is said to be in pure torsion if

a) Turning moment is applied at one end and other end is free

b) Turning force is applied at one end and other end is free
c) Two opposite turning moments are applied to the shaft
d) Combination of torsional load and bending load is applied to the shaft
(2 Marks – [An/C,2])
7 Two shafts in torsion will have equal strength if
a) Only diameter of the shafts is same
b) Only angle of twist of the shaft is same
c) Only material of the shaft is same
d) Only torque transmitting capacity of the shaft is same
(2 Marks – [An/C,2])
8 Strength of a shaft
a) Is equal to maximum shear stress in the shaft at the time of elastic failure
b) Is equal to maximum shear stress in the shaft at the time of rupture
c) Is equal to torsional rigidity
d) Is ability to resist maximum twisting moment
(1 Marks – [U/C,2])
Q.No Questions
A1 The below figure shows the three different modes of heat transfer. Answer the following
questions based on the given scenario.
1 Heat transfer problem depends on which parameter (1Marks - [U/C,2])
[A] thermal conductivity
[B] heat coefficient
[C] ambient temperature
[D] all
2 When the heat transfer coefficient is increases, the nodal temperature will increase.
(1 Marks – [An/C,2])
a) True
b) False
3 Assertion : The convection heat transfer cannot happen in between the wall and insulation.
Reason : The convection heat transfer occurs only at the end portions.
Choose the correct option for the above statement. (2Marks - [U/C,4])
(j) If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the
assertion.
(k) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the
assertion.
(l) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(m) If the assertion and reason both are false.
(n) If assertion is false but reason is true
4 Heat transfer takes place between solid to liquid is known as____________ (1Marks - [U/C,2])
[A] conduction
[B] convection
[C]Radiation
[D] all of the above
5 In Fluid Mechanics Problems the Unknown is ____________ (1Marks - [U/C,2])
[A] Temperature
[B] Potential
[C] Displacement
[D]Shape functions
6 FEM also operates the parameters like (1Marks - [U/C,2])
[A] heat transfer
[B] temperature
[C] Potential
[D] All of the above
7 Heat flows from one body to other when they have (1Marks - [An/C,2])
[A] different heat contents
[B] different specific heat
[C] different atomic structure
[D] different temperatures
8 Heat transfer takes place between solid to solid is known as_________ (1Marks - [U/C,2])
[A] conduction
[B] convection
[C]Radiation
 [D] all of the above
9 Heat transfer takes place without any medium is known as__________ (1Marks - [U/C,2])
[A] conduction
[B] convection
[C]Radiation
[D] all of the above
10 Heat transfer takes place due t o ________________ (1Marks - [U/C,2])
[A] conduction
[B] convection
[C] Radiation
[D] Changer in temperature (ΔT)
Q.No Questions
A1 The below figure shows the three different modes of heat transfer. Answer the following
questions based on the given scenario.

1 Assertion : The conduction heat transfer cannot happen in between solid and fluid .
Reason : The conduction heat transfer occurs due to the energy transfer in a metal.
Choose the correct option for the above statement. (2Marks - [U/C,4])
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the
assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the
assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If the assertion and reason both are false.
(e) If assertion is false but reason is true
2 Upto the critical radius of insulation, (1Marks - [An/C,2])
[A] Added insulation will increase heat loss
[B] Added insulation will decrease heat loss
[C] Convective heat loss will be less than conductive heat loss
[D] Heat flux will decrease
3 Thermal conductivity of wood depends on (1Marks - [U/C,2])
(A) Moisture
 (B) Density
(C) Temperature
(D) All of the above
4 Thermal conductivity of water in general with rise in temperature (1Marks - [An/C,2])
(a) increases
(b) decreases
(c) remains constant
(d) may increase or decrease depending on temperature

5 Plywood is a good insulator because it has (1Marks - [An/C,2])

(a) free electrons
(b) atoms colliding frequency
(c) low density
(d) porous body

6 The transfer of heat by molecular collision is smallest in (1Marks - [An/C,2])

(A) Solids
(B) Liquids
(C) Gases
(D) None of these
7 In a shell and tube heat exchanger, baffles are provided on the shell side to (1Marks - [U/C,2])
(A) Improve heat transfer
(B) Provide support for tubes
(C) Prevent stagnation of shell side fluid
(D) All of these
8 Pick up the wrong case. Heat flowing from one side to other depends directly on
(1Marks - [An/C,2])
(a) face area
(b) time
(c) thickness
(d) thermal conductivity.
9 Which of the following is a case of steady state heat transfer (1Marks - [AnUC,2])
(a) I.C. engine
(b) air preheaters
(c) heating of building in winter
(d) none of the above.
Q.No Questions
A1 The below figure shows the three different modes of heat transfer. Answer the following
questions based on the given scenario.
1 Assertion : The radiation heat transfer occurs in between solid and fluid .
Reason : The radiation heat transfer can occur in both medium and without medium.
Choose the correct option for the above statement. (2Marks - [U/C,4])
(o) If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the
assertion.
(p) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the
assertion.
(q) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(r) If the assertion and reason both are false.
(s) If assertion is false but reason is true
2 The boundary condition for the given above problem is_________. (1 Marks – [Ap/P,2])
a) no heat generation and convection on the right end
b) Heat generation and convection on the right end
c) Heat generation and convection on the Left end
d) no Heat generation and convection on the Left end
3 In any given problem if only two 1D elements are present , the total number of nodes used
for determining the nodal temperature is 6. (1 Marks –
[An/C,2])
a) True
b) False
4 When the heat transfer coefficient is increases, the nodal temperature will increase.
(1 Marks – [An/C,2])
c) True
d) False
5 If the temperature difference across the material is increased, the heat transfer rate
will______
(1 Marks – [An/C,2])
a) decrease
b) increase
c) remain constant
d) becomes zero
6 If the thickness of the material is increased , the nodal temperature will____ (1 Marks –
[An/C,2])
a) decrease
b) increase
c) remain constant
d) becomes zero
7 If the insulation is removed , the wall is subjected to atmospheric temperature, the nodal
temperature at the outer wall will________ (1 Marks – [An/C,2])
a) decrease
 b) increase
c) remain constant
d) becomes zero
8 The transmission of energy from one region to another region due to temperature difference
is ___ (1 Marks – [U/C,2])
a) Heat transfer
b) Work transfer
c) Entropy
d) Enthalpy
9 The process of heat transfer that will occur between a solid surface and a fluid medium
is____
(1 Marks – [U/C,2])
a) conduction
b) convection
c) radiation
d) mass transfer
Q.No Questions
A1 The below figure shows the three different modes of heat transfer. Answer the following
questions based on the given scenario.

1 _____________ energy transfer across a system boundary due to a T, by the mechanism of
photon emission or electromagnetic wave emission.
a) Conduction
b) Convection
c) Radiation
d) Temperature gradient
(1 Mark – [R/F,1])
2
3 Match the mode of heat transfer in given box

S.NO A B C

the fluid motion is not

generated by any
1. Conduction external source
 Energy transfer across
a system boundary due
Natural to change in
2.
Convection temperature

Heat transfer by means

of molecular agitation
Application of
3.
radiation

a) A1B2C1; A2B1C3;A3B3C2
b) A1B3C3; A2B2C2;A3B1C1
c) A1B3C3; A2B1C1;A3B2C2
d) A1B3C2; A2B2C1;A3B1C3
(2 Marks – [U/C,2])

4 The behavior of heat transfer by means of molecular agitation within a material without any motion
of the material as a whole is called as
a) Conduction
b) Convection
c) Radiation
d) Temperature gradient
(1 Mark – [R/F,1])
5 The given boiler analysis problem solved by using structural analysis. Predict the condtion is True
or False

Ans: False (1 Mark – [U/C,1])

6 Match the analogy between stress and heat conduction analysis
S.No A B C
Structural Problem Heat Transfer Problem Units
1. Displacement Thermal conductivity W
2. Body force Temperature W/Mk
3. Youngs Modulus Internal heat generation K
a) A1B1C3;A2B3C2;A3B2C1
b) A1B3C3;A2B2C2;A3B1C1
c) A1B2C3;A2B3C1;A3B1C2
d) A1B1C2;A2B3C1;A3B2C3
(2 Marks – [U/C,1])
7 The given equation is applicable for

a) 2D element with conduction with free end convection

b) 1D element with conduction with free end convection
c) 2D element with conduction, convection and internal heat generation
d) 1D element with conduction, convection and internal heat generation
(1 Mark – [R/F,1])
8 If the atmospheric temperature is brought to zero, the convective heat transfer will be
maximum.
a) True (1 Marks – [An/C,2])
b) False