QUESTION 2-6

1. Total solids for sample 1

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 103 𝑚𝑔
[( )−( )]( 𝑔 )
𝑑𝑖𝑠ℎ 𝑝𝑙𝑢𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑢𝑒,𝑔 𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑑𝑖𝑠ℎ,𝑔
TS=
𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒,𝐿

103 𝑚𝑔
[(53.5765𝑔)−(53.5435𝑔)]( )
𝑔
TS= = 660 mg/L
0.05 𝐿

2. Total volatile solids for sample 1

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑑𝑖𝑠ℎ 𝑝𝑙𝑢𝑠 103 𝑚𝑔
[( )−( )]( 𝑔 )
𝑑𝑖𝑠ℎ 𝑝𝑙𝑢𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑢𝑒,𝑔 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑢𝑒 𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛,𝑔
TVS =
𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒,𝐿

103 𝑚𝑔
[(53.5765𝑔)−(53.5515𝑔)]( )
𝑔
TVS = = 500 mg/L
0.05 𝐿

3. Total suspended solids for sample 1

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑖𝑙𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑝𝑙𝑢𝑠 𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑖𝑙𝑡𝑒𝑟 103𝑚𝑔
[( )−( )]( 𝑔 )
𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑢𝑒 𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑑𝑟𝑦𝑖𝑛𝑔, 𝑔 𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑑𝑟𝑦𝑖𝑛𝑔, 𝑔
TSS =
𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒,𝐿

103 𝑚𝑔
[(1.5533𝑔)−(1.5433𝑔)]( )
𝑔
TSS = = 200 mg/L
0.05 𝐿

4. Volatile suspended solids for sample 1

𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑢𝑒 𝑝𝑙𝑢𝑠 𝑓𝑖𝑙𝑡𝑒𝑟 103𝑚𝑔

[(𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑢𝑒 𝑝𝑙𝑢𝑠 𝑓𝑖𝑙𝑡𝑒𝑟 )−( )]( 𝑔 )
𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑑𝑟𝑦𝑖𝑛𝑔 , 𝑔 𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛, 𝑔
VSS =
𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒,𝐿

103 𝑚𝑔
[(1.5533𝑔)−(1.5457𝑔)]( )
𝑔
VSS = = 152 mg/L
0.05 𝐿

5. Total suspended solids for sample 1

TDS = TS – TSS = (660 – 200) mg/L = 460 mg/L

 SAMPLE 2

1. Total solids for sample 2

103 𝑚𝑔
[(𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑑𝑖𝑠ℎ 𝑝𝑙𝑢𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑢𝑒,𝑔)−(𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑑𝑖𝑠ℎ,𝑔)]( )
𝑔
TS=
𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒,𝐿

103 𝑚𝑔
[(53.5693𝑔)−(53.5434𝑔)]( )
𝑔
TS= = 518 mg/L
0.05 𝐿

2. Total volatile solids for sample 2

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑑𝑖𝑠ℎ 𝑝𝑙𝑢𝑠 103 𝑚𝑔
[( )−( )]( )
𝑑𝑖𝑠ℎ 𝑝𝑙𝑢𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑢𝑒,𝑔 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑢𝑒 𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛,𝑔 𝑔
TVS =
𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒,𝐿

103 𝑚𝑔
[(53.5693𝑔)−(53.5489𝑔)]( )
𝑔
TVS = = 408 mg/L
0.05 𝐿

3. Total suspended solids for sample 2

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑖𝑙𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑝𝑙𝑢𝑠 𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑖𝑙𝑡𝑒𝑟 103𝑚𝑔
[( )−( )]( 𝑔 )
𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑢𝑒 𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑑𝑟𝑦𝑖𝑛𝑔, 𝑔 𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑑𝑟𝑦𝑖𝑛𝑔, 𝑔
TSS =
𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒,𝐿

103 𝑚𝑔
[(1.5521𝑔)−(1.5435𝑔)]( )
𝑔
TSS = = 172 mg/L
0.05 𝐿

4. Volatile suspended solids for sample 2

𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑢𝑒 𝑝𝑙𝑢𝑠 𝑓𝑖𝑙𝑡𝑒𝑟 103𝑚𝑔

[(𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑢𝑒 𝑝𝑙𝑢𝑠 𝑓𝑖𝑙𝑡𝑒𝑟 )−( )]( 𝑔 )
𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑑𝑟𝑦𝑖𝑛𝑔 , 𝑔 𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛, 𝑔
VSS =
𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒,𝐿

103 𝑚𝑔
[(1.5455𝑔)−(1.5521𝑔)]( )
𝑔
VSS = = 132 mg/L
0.05 𝐿

5. Total suspended solids for sample 2

TDS = TS – TSS = (518 – 172) mg/L = 346 mg/L

 SAMPLE 3

1. Total solids for sample 3

103 𝑚𝑔
[(𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑑𝑖𝑠ℎ 𝑝𝑙𝑢𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑢𝑒,𝑔)−(𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑑𝑖𝑠ℎ,𝑔)]( )
𝑔
TS=
𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒,𝐿

103 𝑚𝑔
[(53.5725𝑔)−(53.5436𝑔)]( )
𝑔
TS= = 578 mg/L
0.05 𝐿

2. Total volatile solids for sample 3

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑑𝑖𝑠ℎ 𝑝𝑙𝑢𝑠 103 𝑚𝑔
[( )−( )]( )
𝑑𝑖𝑠ℎ 𝑝𝑙𝑢𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑢𝑒,𝑔 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑢𝑒 𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛,𝑔 𝑔
TVS =
𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒,𝐿

103 𝑚𝑔
[(53.5725𝑔)−(53.5495𝑔)]( )
𝑔
TVS = = 460 mg/L
0.05 𝐿

3. Total suspended solids for sample 3

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑖𝑙𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑝𝑙𝑢𝑠 𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑖𝑙𝑡𝑒𝑟 103𝑚𝑔
[( )−( )]( 𝑔 )
𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑢𝑒 𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑑𝑟𝑦𝑖𝑛𝑔, 𝑔 𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑑𝑟𝑦𝑖𝑛𝑔, 𝑔
TSS =
𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒,𝐿

103 𝑚𝑔
[(1.5635𝑔)−(1.5436𝑔)]( )
𝑔
TSS = = 398 mg/L
0.05 𝐿

4. Volatile suspended solids for sample 3

𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑢𝑒 𝑝𝑙𝑢𝑠 𝑓𝑖𝑙𝑡𝑒𝑟 103𝑚𝑔

[(𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑢𝑒 𝑝𝑙𝑢𝑠 𝑓𝑖𝑙𝑡𝑒𝑟 )−( )]( 𝑔 )
𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑑𝑟𝑦𝑖𝑛𝑔 , 𝑔 𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛, 𝑔
VSS =
𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒,𝐿

103 𝑚𝑔
[(1.5635𝑔)−(1.5456𝑔)]( )
𝑔
VSS = = 358 mg/L
0.05 𝐿

5. Total suspended solids for sample 3

TDS = TS – TSS = (578 – 398) mg/L = 180 mg/L

 SAMPLE 4

1. Total solids for sample 4

103 𝑚𝑔
[(𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑑𝑖𝑠ℎ 𝑝𝑙𝑢𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑢𝑒,𝑔)−(𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑑𝑖𝑠ℎ,𝑔)]( )
𝑔
TS=
𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒,𝐿

103 𝑚𝑔
[(53.5793𝑔)−(53.5433𝑔)]( )
𝑔
TS= = 720 mg/L
0.05 𝐿

2. Total volatile solids for sample 4

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑑𝑖𝑠ℎ 𝑝𝑙𝑢𝑠 103 𝑚𝑔
[( )−( )]( 𝑔 )
𝑑𝑖𝑠ℎ 𝑝𝑙𝑢𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑢𝑒,𝑔 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑢𝑒 𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛,𝑔
TVS =
𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒,𝐿

103 𝑚𝑔
[(53.5793𝑔)−(53.5523𝑔)]( )
𝑔
TVS = = 540 mg/L
0.05 𝐿

3. Total suspended solids for sample 4

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑖𝑙𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑝𝑙𝑢𝑠 𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑖𝑙𝑡𝑒𝑟 103𝑚𝑔
[( )−( )]( 𝑔 )
𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑢𝑒 𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑑𝑟𝑦𝑖𝑛𝑔, 𝑔 𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑑𝑟𝑦𝑖𝑛𝑔, 𝑔
TSS =
𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒,𝐿

103 𝑚𝑔
[(1.5541𝑔)−(1.5434𝑔)]( )
𝑔
TSS = = 214 mg/L
0.05 𝐿

4. Volatile suspended solids for sample 4

𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑢𝑒 𝑝𝑙𝑢𝑠 𝑓𝑖𝑙𝑡𝑒𝑟 103𝑚𝑔

[(𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑢𝑒 𝑝𝑙𝑢𝑠 𝑓𝑖𝑙𝑡𝑒𝑟 )−( )]( 𝑔 )
𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑑𝑟𝑦𝑖𝑛𝑔 , 𝑔 𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛, 𝑔
VSS =
𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒,𝐿

103 𝑚𝑔
[(1.5541𝑔)−(1.5457𝑔)]( )
𝑔
VSS = = 168 mg/L
0.05 𝐿

5. Total suspended solids for sample 4

TDS = TS – TSS = (720 – 214) mg/L = 506 mg/L

QUESTION 2-22
Sample 1

Initial dissolved oxygen concentration:

(9.0 g/m) x (292 mL / 300mL ) = 8.76 g/m 3

𝐷1 −𝐷2 [(8.76−1.8)𝑔/𝑚3
BOD7 = = 8𝑚𝐿 =261.0 g/m3
𝑃 [(300𝑚𝐿)]

Assume k=0.23
BOD5 = UBOD [ 1 – e-k(5) ] ------ 1
261 = UBOD [ 1 – e-k(7) ] ---------2
Solve simultaneously eqn 1 and 2
BOD5 = 222.92 g/m3
Sample 2

Initial dissolved oxygen concentration:

(9.2 g/m) x (294 mL / 300mL ) = 9.02 g/m3

𝐷1 −𝐷2 [(9.02−1.65)𝑔/𝑚3
BOD6 = = 6𝑚𝐿 =368.5 g/m3
𝑃 [(300𝑚𝐿)]

Assume k=0.23
BOD5 = UBOD [ 1 – e-k(5) ] ------ 1
368.5 = UBOD [ 1 – e-k(6) ] ---------2
Solve simultaneously eqn 1 and 2
BOD5 = 336.47 g/m3
Sample 3

Initial dissolved oxygen concentration:

(8.90 g/m) x (294 mL / 300mL ) = 8.72 g/m3

𝐷1 −𝐷2 [(8.72−1.5)𝑔/𝑚3
BOD7 = = 6𝑚𝐿 =361.1 g/m3
𝑃 [(300𝑚𝐿)]

BOD5 = UBOD [ 1 – e-k(5) ] ------ 1

361.1 = UBOD [ 1 – e-k(4) ] ---------2
BOD5 = 410.25 g/m3
Sample 4

Initial dissolved oxygen concentration:

(9.15 g/m) x (290 mL / 300mL ) = 8.85 g/m3

𝐷1 −𝐷2 [(8.85−1.42)𝑔/𝑚3
BOD5 = = 10𝑚𝐿 =222.9 g/m3
𝑃 [(300𝑚𝐿)]

QUESTION 2-23
1. Glucose

C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O

180 192

2. Glutamic acid

C5H10N203 + 4.5O2 5CO2 + 2NH3 + 2H2O

146 144

a. UBOD Glucose

UBOD = (192/180) (150 mg/L) = 160.0 mg/ L

b. UBOD Glutamic acid

UBOD = (144/146) (150 mg/L) = 147.9 mg/ L

c. Total UBOD = (147.9 + 160) = 207.9 mg/L

5-day BOD

BOD= UBOD [ 1 – e-k(t) ]

BOD= 207.9 [ 1 – e-0.23/d (5d) ] = 142.1 mg/L