12

Philippine Politics and

Governance 21
Quarter I - Module 5
Evolution of Philippine Politics and
Governance

CONTEXTUALIZED LEARNING-INSTRUCTION KIT

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PUERTO PRINCESA CITY

Grade 12-Phillipine Politics and Governance
Contextualized Learning-Instruction Kit (CLIK)
Quarter I - Module 5: Evolution of Philippine Politics and Governance

First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Schools Division of Puerto Princesa City

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Richerlyn D. Manantan (Sta. Monica High School)

Content Editor: Mary Grace I. Ogoc (Sicsican National High School)

Language Editor: Kenneth B. Dueñas (Sta. Monica High School)

Reviewer: Marites L. Arenio

Illustrator: Richerlyn D. Manantan (Sta. Monica High School)

Layout Artist: Annaliza Lagrada ( Sta. Monica High School)

Proofreader: Mary Grace I. Ogoc

Management Team:
Servillano A. Arzaga, CESO V, SDS
Mabel F. Musa, PhD, OIC-ASDS
Cyril C. Serador, PhD, CID Chief
Ronald S. Brillantes, EPS-LRMS Manager
Marites L. Arenio, EPS-1
Eva Joyce C. Presto, PDO II
Rhea Ann A. Navilla, Librarian II

External Evaluator: Rodney R. Ballaran (PNS) Jay M. Maravilla (PPCSNHS)

Division of Puerto Princesa City-Learning Resource Management Section (LRMS)

Sta. Monica Heights, Bgy. Sta. Monica, Puerto Princesa City
Tel. Phone no.(048) 434 9438
Email Address: puertoprincesa@deped.gov.ph
 12
Philippine Politics
and Governance
Quarter I - Module 5
The Evolution of Philippine Politics
and Governance

This module was collaboratively developed and reviewed by

educators and program supervisors from public schools of the Division of
Puerto Princesa City. We encourage teachers and other education
stakeholders to email their feedback, comments, and recommendations
to the Department of Education, Division of Puerto Princesa City at
puertoprincesa@deped.gov.ph.

We value your feedback and recommendations.

 Introductory Message

For the Teacher:

This learning material is designed to help learners enrich their learning
experiences by answering activities that are meaningful to their lives which can be
done by themselves. A variety of enjoyable tasks are presented.
Activities are provided as formative assessments to check from time to time the
learner’s understanding of the lesson. Given the range of learning activities in this
package, teachers are encouraged to freely adapt them to suit their school contexts
and learners’ needs, interests, and abilities.

For the Learner:

This Learning Resource Philippine Politics and Governance is developed for

you to enjoy while learning. There are various activities and check-up tests you need
to take.
Take note of the instructions as you journey through this module to have a solid
understanding of what you are expected to accomplish. Carefully read and follow the
instructions to hit what you are expected to do.
Answer keys are provided which you can refer to when checking your answers.
Record your score at the Learner’s Progress Chart and inform your teacher on your
development.
Feel free to use this material and if progress is not evident, you can make use
of it again until such that the desired passing mark is achieved.

As you read through this module, you will notice the following icons. They will
help you find your way around the module more quickly.

This will give you an idea of the skills or

What I Need
competencies you are expected to learn in the
to Know module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to check

what you already know about the lesson to
take.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link the

current lesson with the previous one.

In this portion, the new lesson will be

What’s New introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity, or a situation.
 This section provides a brief discussion of the
What is It lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic.

What I Have This includes questions or blank

Learned sentences/paragraphs to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity that will help

you transfer your new knowledge or skill in
real-life situations or concerns.

Additional In this portion, another activity will be given to

Activities you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned.

This is a task which aims to evaluate your level

Assessment of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

Just remember, this module is not intended to replace textbooks and other existing
learning resources but rather to provide an additional alternative that is contextualized and
resilient to education systems that address the challenges of the current pandemic.

-The Development Team

 This module is packed with notes and essential information covering everything
you need to know about the Philippine Politics and Governance particularly
Evolution of Philippine politics and Governance.

There are warm-up and exam-style practice questions for every part to give you
an idea of how well you have already grasped the lesson. This also contains topic-
based questions for focused skills to test your understanding of the concepts of the
lessons under the Most Essential Learning Competencies.

Content Standard
The learners demonstrate understanding of the historical
background of Philippine democratic politics, the executive, the
legislative, the judiciary, and decentralization and local governance.

Performance Standard

The learners explain the roles of different political institutions.

Most Essential Learning Competency
Analyze the evolution of Philippine politics and governance
HUMMS_PG12-If-g-21 (Week 7-8)

By the end of this module, you should be able to cover the following:

1. Identify the events in the evolution of Philippine politics and governance;

2. Discuss the administration of Philippine presidents;
3. Explain the political history of Philippine politics and governance; and
4. Analyze the evolution of Philippine politics and governance.

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 Directions: These questions will help you think about the lesson
How much
do you already you are about to learn. Choose the letter of the best answer. Circle
know? the letter of your answer.

1. Which of the following did not exist during pre-historic period?

A. The head of the community was called Datu.
B. The Governor General was the head of the nation.
C. The community was divided into social classes.
D. System of stratification was dominant.

2. Which best describes system of stratification?

A. Community was divided into social classes.
B. Community was classless society.
C. Laws were enforced by the Spaniards.
D. Timawa was the first class community.

3. Today barangay captains are head of the barangay, what was other name of
chieftains in the pre-historic times?
A. Alcalde Mayor C. Governor
B. Cabeza De Barangay D. President

4. Governors are provinces head, which of the following is the head of the province in
Spanish period?
A. Alcade Mayor C. Datu
B. Chieftains D. Governor

5. The American government helped the Philippines to be free from Spanish

colonization. What treaty stated the payment of $20million of American government
to Spain in exchange to Philippine independence.
A. Cooper act C. Treaty of Paris
B. Jones act D. Tydings Mc.Duffie

6. The PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT aimed Filipinos to have freedom and rights just
like the Spaniards, These key figures Jose Rizal and Marcelo H. del Pilar, who is
missing in the group?
A. Emilio Jacinto C. Apolinario Mabini
B. Graciano Lopez Jaena D. Emilio Aguinaldo

7. The Philippine legislative body was divided into two, the upper and lower chamber,
In 1902, What Philippine Act was enacted to provide the creation of Philippine
legislature?
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 A. Cooper act C. Treaty of Paris
B. Jones act D. Tydings Mc Duffie

8. In the Second Republic of the Philippines, Japanese government ruled the country
even there was already a President, which of the following describes former
President Laurel government?
A. Cooper Republic C. Puppet Government
B. Japanese Occupation D. Republic

9. The katipuneros fought for Philippine freedom, What are the group name of
Katipuneros?
A. Magdalo and Magdiwang C. Reform and Retrench
B. Makibaka and Magdiwang D. Revolt and Revolution

10. Who was the President, best known for successfully defeating the communist led
Hukbalahap (HUK) movement, Idol of the masses, and freedom fighter?
A. Corazon Aquino C. Manuel Quezon
B. Elpidio Quirino D. Ramon Magsaysay

11. Who was the first President of the third republic?

A. Corazon Aquino C. Manuel Roxas
B. Emilio Aguinaldo D. Sergio Osmeña

12. Edsa revolution mark as a symbol of Filipino nationalism, former President

Corazon Aquino took his presidency even it was de facto government, what kind
of government she had on that time?
A. Conservatism C. Fascism
B. Democratic Government D. Revolutionary Government

13. What is the constitution adopted by Marcos administration?

A. 1935 constitution C. 1987 constitution
B. 1973 constitution D. 1998 constitution

14. Which of the following best described the FIFTH REPUBLIC?

A. Pre-Historic Era C. Postwar Era
B. Post-Edsa Era D. Republic Era

15. As a head of the State, his administration centerpiece program is the Philippines
2000; which aim to uplift the Philippines as a newly industrialized country by the
year 2000, who was this former president?
A. Corazon Aquino C. Fidel Ramos
B. Benigno Aquino III D. Gloria Arroyo

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 Lesson
The Evolution of Philippine
1 Politics and Governance.

Let us analyze the evolution of Philippine politics and governance by identifying

transitions of the Philippine government, recalling the past events that happen in the
Philippine history, increasing the appreciation to the works of the great man and woman
of the nation and improving their sense of nationhood by playing the role of a good
citizen and follow the rules and laws of the nation.

Good day! How’s your learning from your previous lesson on module 4? Do you
find it interesting, yes! I know that would be great!

To check your understanding from your previous module, let us do this

activity.

Activity: I Recall
Directions: List in the provided space below what you have learned about the
elements of the state.

SOVEREIGNTY

GOVERNMENT

TERRITORY

POPULATION

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 Explore multi-media platforms including Facebook, tweeter, Netflix, etc. Do
you noticed the transitions from single channel to multi-channel, from radio/TV to
android phones? From your locality, do you see changes in your Town site,
Barangay, and City government in terms of people, infrastructure, and laws? What
are the impacts of this changes to your daily life?

Activity: Transformation
Directions: Write the recent political leaders and his major accomplishments in your
Purok, Barangay, and City government. Write your answer in the provided space.

PUROK PRESIDENT

BARANGAY CAPTAIN

Mayor

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 Filipino society and culture were fairly developed prior to contacts with other
countries which based on the archeological artifacts recovered by historians. Filipinos
had commercial relations early on with China, Indo-China, Malaysia, India, and the
Arab countries. Chinese silk, porcelain, jars, gold, ivory, and beads were traded for
wax, bird's nest, teakwood, rattan, pearls, precious stones, and other marine and forest
products where they lay claim to our country and government.

Evolution of Philippine Politics and Governance

 Pre-Historic Period

 Even before the Spaniards arrived in the Philippines in 1521, there already
existed a system of governance in precolonial Philippines.
 Back then, the Philippines was an archipelago organized into several
independent and self-sufficient political units known as the BARANGAY.
 This unit is headed by a chief as the DATU.
 Present also during the precolonial times was the system of stratification. The
stratification was based on class, which include:
a. nobility( maharlika)
b. freeman ( timawa)
c. the serf ( aliping namamahay)
d. the slaves ( aliping sagigilid)

 Spanish Colony

 The precolonial government was characterized by independent barangay, the

Spaniards consolidated power under a centralized government which was led
by the GOVERNOR- GENERAL.
 With his authority based in Manila( intramuros), the governor- general was
likewise an all powerful individual.
 Recognizing the influence of the datus for the easier pacification of natives, the
Spaniards appointed the chieftains as the CABEZA DE BARANGAY.
 The unified barangays composed the pueblos or town which were led by the
GOBERNADORCILLO ( LITTLE GOVERNOR).
 The consolidated towns then form into provinces which could be categorized
into two:
a. alcaldia- provinces fully subjugated headed by ALCALDE MAYOR.
b. corregimiento- provinces that were not entirely pacified under spansh
authority led by CORREGIDOR. - ROYAL AUDIENCIA- is an independent
body created to hear and solve cases.
-audiencias were established in MANILA, CEBU, VIGAN.

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 Philippine revolution

 The PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT, led by key figures such as Jose Rizal ,

Marcelo H. del Pilar and Graciano Lopez Jaena advocated reforms such that the
same rights and freedoms being enjoyed in Spain would also be granted to
Filipinos.
 However, the failure of the propaganda to initiate changes in the society gave
birth to a secret association (KKK).
 As an organization, the katipunan adopted its own form of government,which
had national and local levels.
 The katipunan was governed by the:
1. kataastaasang sanggunian( supreme council) – which was composed of
the president, secretary/ies, treasurer and fiscal.
2. sangguniang balangay ( provincial council)
3. sangguniang bayan ( popular council )
4. Sangguniang hukuman ( judicial council)
 Events, however, led to the division of the katipunan into two factions:
a. the Magdalo
b. Magdiwang
 On March 22, 1897, the Tejeros Convention was called, where Gen.Emilio
Aguinaldo was elected as President.
 On November 1, 1897, Aguinaldo established the BIAK- NA- BATO
REPUBLIC. Its constitution declared the creation of an independent
Philippine state.

 American War

 The signing of the TREATY OF PARIS signaled the end of the Spanish-
American war.
 The treaty involved United States payment of $20 million to Spain after the latter
ceded all as imperial possessions including Puerto Rico, Guam and Philippines.
 WILLIAM H. TAFT became the first civil governor of the Philippines. The civil
governor acte as the head of the executive branch and also exercised legislative
powers as the head of the Philippine Commission, a lawmaking body whose
members were all appointed.
 In 1902, the Philippine Act (cooper act) was enacted which provide for the
creation of a Philippine legislature.
 By 1916, the Philippine Autonomy Act (Jones law) provided for the
reorganization of the Philippine legislature into a fully elected and Filipino-
controlled bicameral body.
 Until in 1934, tydings- McDuffie Act (Philippine Independent Act) was ratified by
the US Congress.
 It established the Philippine Commonwealth, which provided for a 10- year
transition period that would prepare the Filipinos for self- governance.
 President Manuel Quezon and Vice President Sergio Osmena headed the first
commonwealth government.

 Japanese Period

 The Japanese occupation of Manila signaled the establishment of the Japanese

Military Administration on January 3, 1942.
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 An initial move, the Japanese military forces established the Philippine
Executive Commission (PEC) a civil government that would temporary rule the
country.
 In 1943, a new constitution was promulgated and the Japanese sponsored
Philippine Republic was established.
 JOSE P. LAUREL served as its president, also called the SECOND REPUBLIC.
Second Republic is commonly referred to as a PUPPET GOVERNMENT.

 Postwar Era

 The structure of postwar Philippine politics and government was founded on the
1935 constitution. The first president of the third republic was Manuel Roxas,
followed by Elpidio Quirino, Ramon Magsaysay, Carlos P. Garcia, Diosdado
Macapagal and the first term of Ferdinand Marcos
 Marcos second term saw changes in the governmental structure and the
ratification of a new constitution in 1973.

 Martial Law Era and the Fourth Republic

 In 1965, and In 1969, he ran for reelection and succeeded, making him the
only president under the 1935 constitution to be elected for a second term. That
time,

 Under Marcos administration, a new constitution was adopted in 1973.

 The 1973 constitution provided that the Philippines will have a modified
parliamentary form of government.
 During Martial law, the political rights and civil liberties of the people as well as
their human rights were suppressed and violated.
 Marcos lifted martial law by 1981, he continued to exercise dictatorship powers.
 Calls to end his dictatorial regime brought Filipinos to take to the streets to
participate in a popular and nonviolent uprising called the EDSA PEOPLE
POWER which ousted Marcos and ended his dictatorial rule.

 Post Edsa Republic

 The period from 1986 onward is the restoration of democracy. The fall of the
dictatorship marked the shift toward democratization and return to
constitutionalism.
 A revolutionary government was created following Corazon Aquino’s ascent to
presidency.
 When the new Philippine Constitution was ratified in 1987, a was
established.
 The POST- EDSA era also known as the FIFTH REPUBLIC.

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  CORAZON AQUINO served as the first President of the fifth republic. Followed
by FIDEL RAMOS, JOSEPH ESTRADA after being dispose by the EDSA
PEOPLE POWER II.
 ESTRADA was prospered by his , followed by BENIGNO AQUINO.

 Today, the Philippines is headed by RODRIGO DUTERTE, the first president to

have hailed from Mindanao.

Source: “World Asia news” bbc.com, accessed on October 15, 2020.

Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-15581450
“Timeline” Philippine History.org accessed on October 15,2020.
Retrieved from http://www.philippine-history.org/timeline.htm

Philippine Presidents

Emilio F. Aguinaldo  His presidential term formally began in 1898 and

(1899-1901) ended on April 1, 1901.
 His term also featured the setting up of the
Malolos Republic, which has its own Congress,
Constitution, and national and local officialdom -
proving Filipinos also had the capacity to build.
 Best remembered for the proclamation of
Philippine Independence on June 12, 1898, in
Kawit, Cavite.
Manuel L. Quezon  He won the elections held in September 1935 to
(1935-1944) choose the head of the Commonwealth
Government. It was a government made possible
by the Tydings-McDuffie Law, which Quezon
secured from the U.S.
 He served in the revolution, fighting in Tarlac,
Pampanga, and Bataan, and ended up with the
rank of major.
 First assemblyman from the province to the First
Philippine National Assembly.
 Become President of the Philippine Senate,
created by the Jones Law.
 Chiefly known for making Pilipino the national
language.
 He directed his main efforts to bring about political
stability, build up national defense against the
threat of Japanese militarism, and strengthen an
economy that was extremely dependent upon the
U.S. He was also remembered for taking
executive and legislative actions to implement his
“social justice” program aimed at the
underprivileged.
Jose P. Laurel  He was elected by the National Assembly as
(1943-1945) President of the Republic on September 25,
1943 and inducted on October 14, 1943. This
unicameral assembly was created through the
sponsorship of the Japanese authorities.
 As an elected senator and later delegate to the
Constitutional Convention, he distinguished
himself for his advocacy of women’s suffrage and
his sponsorship of the Bill of Rights of the
Constitution.
 He also became an associate justice of the
Supreme Court.

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Sergio Osmena  Elected Vice President of the Philippines in 1935
(1944-1946) and succeeded Quezon to the Presidency in-exile.
 Editor of the Cebu newspaper El Nuevo Dia (New
Day) which founded in 1900.
 In 1907, he was elected as representative of Cebu
and later became speaker of the first Philippine
Assembly.
 1922, he was elected as senator
 He headed important government missions to the
U. S. Osmeña returned to the Philippines on
October 20, 1944, together with Gen. Douglas
MacArthur.
 1945- Became a President of the Republic
Manuel A. Roxas  Popularly known as the “First President of the Third
(1946-1948) Republic.” He won the elections by a slim margin.
He was inaugurated on July 4, 1946.
 His political career started when he was appointed
as a member of the Capiz municipal council.
 In 1919, he was elected as governor of Capiz.
 Elected as congressman in 1922,
 1935, he was chosen as a delegate to the
Constitutional Convention.
 He was elected as a senator in 1941 and
eventually became Senate president.
 The short-lived Roxas administration (1946 -
1948) embarked on a course that resulted in what
were considered as his greatest achievements,
namely: the ratification of the Bell Trade Act; the
inclusion of the Parity Amendment in the
Constitution; and the signing of the 1947 Military
Bases Agreement.
 Roxas was not able to complete his presidential
term; he died from a heart attack at Clark Air base
on April 15, 1948.
Elpidio Quirino  Being the Vice President, he took over the
(1946-1953) Presidency after Roxas’ death. And, he managed
to retain the position after winning over Laurel in
the infamous fraud-tainted 1949 elections.
 His political career started with his election as a
representative of Ilocos Sur in 1919.
 1925 became a Senator and re-elected in 1931.
 President Quezon appointed him as secretary of
finance and then secretary of the interior in the
Commonwealth Government.
 The Quirino, administration (1948 - 1953) focused
on two objectives: 1) to regain faith and confidence
in the government; and 2) to restore peace and
order which he was more successful in the second
objective – breaking the back of the Hukbalahap
Movement in Central Luzon.
 During his term that the RP-US Mutual Defense
Treaty was approved on August 30, 1951.
Ramon Magsaysay  He attained fame as an able guerilla leader in
(1953-1957) World War II and was subsequently named by
MacArthur as military governor of Zambales
during the liberation.
 He was elected twice as a congressman after the
war.
 He successfully fighting the Huks, and for being
the friend of the common tao.
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  He had Congress pass the Agricultural Tenancy
Act of 1954, providing greater protection to
tenants.
 Death came to Magsaysay when his plane
crashed at Mount Pinatubo in the early morning of
March 17, 1957.
Carlos P. Garcia  He presided over the eight months of Magsaysay’s
(1957-1961). remaining term and went on to win the 1957
elections, “the noisiest and the most expensive in
Philippine history.”
 His election as Bohol representative to the National
Assembly in 1952 marked his entry into Philippine
politics and public service.
 Garcia’s administration (1957 - 1961) was
anchored in his austerity program. It was also noted
for its Filipino First policy – an attempt to boost
economic independence.
Diosdado Macapagal  In 1946, he was appointed Chief of the Legal
(1961-1965). Division of the Department of Foreign Affairs and
was eventually sent to the Philippine Embassy in
Washington as Second Secretary.
 In 1949, he was elected as the congressman of the
first district of Pampanga and reelected in 1953. In
1958, he was elected as Vice President of the
Philippines.
 Macapagal’s administration (1961 - 1965) is best
remembered for resetting the date of the
celebration of Philippine Independence Day – from
July 4 when the U.S. turned over the reins of
government in 1946 to the more correct date of
June 12 when Aguinaldo declared independence in
1898.
 Established the first Land Reform Law, allowing
for the purchase of private farmland to be
distributed in inexpensive, small lots to the
landless
Ferdinand E. Marcos  He defeated Macapagal in the 1965 presidential
(1965-1986) elections. And the two-decade era of Marcos
(1965 - 1986) began.
 He was a consistent scholar, took up Law at UP,
and graduated cum laude in 1939
 At 19, he was charged with the murder of a
political enemy of his father. Thrown in jail, he
reviewed for the nearing Bar examinations and
topped it. Defeated at a lower court, he argued his
own case in an appeal before the Supreme Court
and won an acquittal.
 In his maiden campaign in 1949, he said: “Elect
me your congressman now and I’ll give you an
Ilokano President in 20 years.” He won that
election and was returned thrice to Congress as
Ilocos Norte’s congressman. In 1959, he was
elected to the Philippine Senate.
 1963, he became its president. Completing the
presidential term in 1969, he won a re-election.
 In 1972, he declared martial law. The rest is
history.
 Built more schools, roads, bridges, hospitals, and
other infrastructure than all former presidents
combined.
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Corazon C. Aquino  President from 1986 to 1992, she is associated with
(1996-2002) the EDSA Revolt.
 Ninoy’s assassination in 1983 swept aside her role
as wife and catapulted her to the top position of the
country after the tumultuous events which followed
the EDSA revolution in February 1986.
 Abolished the 1973 Marcos Constitution and
ushered in the new Constitution of the Philippines.
 She refused to run for reelection in the 1992
presidential elections; but instead endorsed and
worked very hard for her chosen candidate – Fidel
V. Ramos.
 Named “Woman of the Year” in 1986 by Time
magazine
 On the new 500-peso bill together with her
husband Benigno Aquino
Fidel V. Ramos  He was the military hero of the February 1986
(1992-1998) Philippine People Power Revolution and victor of
the first multiparty presidential elections in 1992.
 The Ramos administration has anchored its
governance on the philosophy of “People
Empowerment” as the engine to operationalize
economic growth, social equity, and national
solidarity.
 Received British Knighthood from the United
Kingdom by Queen Elizabeth II (Knight Grand
Cross of the Order of St. Michael and St. George)
 Death penalty reinstated while he was in office
 Signed peace agreement with the rebel Moro
National Liberation Front.
Joseph Ehercito Estrada  During his presidency Moro Islamic Liberation
Front headquarters and camps were captured.
(1998-2001)
 Joined other leaders and politicians to try to
amend the 1987 Constitution
 Cited as one of the Three Outstanding Senators in
1989
Gloria Macapagal Arroyo  Second female president of the country
 First female vice-president of the Philippines
(2001-2010)
 First president to take oath outside Luzon
 Ex-classmate of former U.S. President Bill Clinton
at Georgetown University’s Walsh School of
Foreign Service, where she maintained Dean’s list
status
 Peso became the best-performing currency of the
year in Asia in 2007.
 eVAT Law was implemented under her term.
 Currently on the 200-peso bill.
Benigno Aquino III  Created the no "wang-wang" (street siren) policy
 Appointed statesman Jesse Robredo to serve as
secretary of Interior and Local Government in
(210-2016) 2010, where Robredo served until his death in
2012
 Initiated K-12 education in the Philippines
 Renamed the Office of the Press Secretary to
Presidential Communications Operations Office
and appointed new officers
 Suspended allowances and bonuses to
Government Owed and Controlled Corporation
and Government Financial Institution board
members
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  Oversaw 7.1% growth of the Philippine economy
in 2012
Source: “Presidents” Philippine History.org., accessed on October 15, 2020,
Retrieved from http://www.philippine-history.org/presidents.htm
“World politics” soapboxie.com accessed October 15, 2020.
Retrieved from“https://soapboxie.com/world-politics/Presidents-of-the-Philippines-and-their-Achievements-and-
Contributions

Have you watch TV or hear some news regarding politics and governance? To
deepen your understanding about our previous readings on Evolution of Philippine
Politics and Governance, Lets Have some exercise!

Activity 1: Game kana ba?

Directions: Write a timeline of Philippine Presidents. Write the period of
administration and name of the presidents on the timeline.

13
Activity 2: Gets mo?

Directions: The following are the political history highlighted during evolution of
Philippine Politics. Align the words/historic statements in the box to the historic period
in the Philippines. Write your answer in the box.

BARANGAY KKK SECOND REPUBLIC

MAHARLIKA BIAK NA BATO PUPPET GOVERNMENT
GOVERNOR- GENERAL TREATY OF PARIS MANUEL ROXAS
ALCALDE MAYOR COOPER ACT 1973 CONSTITUTION

Pre historic Spanish Colony

ALCALDE MAYOR

American War American War Japanese Period

Post War Era Philippine Revolution

Activity 3: Name that Leader

Directions: How well do you appreciate the leaders of our country? Identify the
following president of the Philippines. Write your answer on the space provided.

____________1. He was known for his program Phil 2000.

____________2. He was known for his Filipino first policy.

____________3. He rehabilitated the Philippine National Bank and the Philippines

joined International Monetary Fund.

____________4. He was known election campaign ERAP para sa mahirap.

____________5. He was known for making Pilipino the national language

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 Good job!
You’re smart, now you may proceed to your next activity.

Activity: One-Sentence Summary

Directions: Summarize your understanding about our topic for today by giving
historic/political events that bring impact to the community and the country.

Very good! Keep on working!

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Activity: Tell me more

Direction: Draw a symbol describing your appreciation to our Philippine leaders.

Explain briefly the symbol you have illustrated.

ASSESSMENT RUBRIC FOR TELL ME MORE ACTIVITY

Criteria Points (5) Points (4) Points (3)

Creativity(5) Exceptionally Very creative Satisfactorily
creative creative
Uniqueness(5) Exceptionally Very unique Satisfactorily
unique unique
Neatness(5) Exceptionally neat Very neat with Artwork is more
some part less messy than neat
neat
Artist Statement(5) Exceptionally Very sensible Satisfactorily
sensible sensible
Total: 20 pts.

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Activity: Let me Check your story!

Directions: Choose at least two (2) best presidents for you and explain why? Write
your answer in the space provided.

ASSESSMENT RUBRIC FOR ESSAY

Criteria Exemplary (5) Quality (4) Adequate (3) Needs
Improvement
(2)
Content (5) Answers are Answers are Answers are not Answers are
comprehensive, accurate and comprehensive partial or
accurate and complete. Key or completely incomplete. Key
complete. Key ideas points are stated. Key points are not
are clearly stated, stated and points are clear. Question
explained and well supported. addressed but not adequately
supported. not supported. answered.
Organization Well organized, Organization is Inadequate Organization and
(5) coherently mostly clear organization or structure detract
developed and easy and easy to development. from the answer.
to follow. follow.
Writing Display no errors in Displays one, to Displays three, Displays five
Conventions spelling, punctuation, three errors in to five errors in errors in spelling,
grammar, and spelling, spelling, punctuation,
(5) sentence structure. punctuation, punctuation, grammar, and
grammar, and grammar, and sentence
sentence sentence structure.
structure. structure.
Total: 15
pts.

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 How much have you improved? Check your
improvement index on Answer Key.

1. Which of the following did not exist during pre-historic period?

A. The head of the community was called Datu.
B. The Governor General was the head of the nation.
C. The community was divided into social classes.
D. System of stratification was dominant.

2. Which best describe system of stratification?

A. Community was divided into social classes.
B. Community was classless society.
C. Laws were enforced by the Spaniards.
D. Timawa was the first class community.

3. Today barangay captains are head of the barangay, what was other name of
chieftains in the pre-historic times?
A. Alcalde Mayor C. Governor
B. Cabeza De Barangay D. President

4. Governors are provinces head, which of the following is the head of the province in
Spanish period?
A. Alcade Mayor C. Datu
B. Chieftains D. Governor

5. The American government helped the Philippines to be free from Spanish

colonization. What treaty stated the payment of $20million of American government
to Spain in exchange to Philippine independence.
A. Cooper act C. Treaty of Paris
B. Jones act D. Tydings Mc.Duffie

6. The PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT aimed Filipinos to have freedom and rights just
like the Spaniards, These key figures in the movement were Jose Rizal and Marcelo
H. del Pilar, who is missing in the group?
A. Emilio Jacinto C. Apolinario Mabini
B. Graciano Lopez Jaena D. Emilio Aguinaldo

7. The Philippine legislative body was divided into two, the upper and lower chamber,
In 1902, What Philippine Act was enacted to provide the creation of Philippine
legislature?
A. Cooper act C. Treaty of Paris
B. Jones act D. Tydings Mc Duffie

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8. In the Second Republic of the Philippines, Japanese government ruled the country
even there was already a President, which of the following describes former
President Laurel government?
A. Cooper Republic C. Puppet Government
B. Japanese Occupation D. Republic

9. The katipuneros fought for Philippine freedom, what are the group names of
Katipuneros?
A. Magdalo and Magdiwang C. Reform and Retrench
B. Makibaka and Magdiwang D. Revolt and Revolution

10. Who was the President, best known for successfully defeating the communist led
Hukbalahap (HUK) movement, Idol of the masses, champion of democracy, and
freedom frighter?
A. Corazon Aquino C. Manuel Quezon
B. Elpidio Quirino D. Ramon Magsaysay

11. Who was the first President of the third republic?

A. Corazon Aquino C. Manuel Roxas
B. Emilio Aguinaldo D. Sergio Osmeña

12. Edsa revolution mark as a symbol of Filipino nationalism, former President

Corazon Aquino took his presidency even it was de facto government, what kind
of government she had on that time?
A. Conservatism C. Fascism
B. Democratic Government D. Revolutionary Government

13. What is the constitution adopted by Marcos administration?

A. 1935 constitution C. 1987 constitution
B. 1973 constitution D. 1998 constitution

14. Which of the following best described the FIFTH REPUBLIC?

A. Pre-Historic Era C. Postwar Era
B. Post-Edsa Era D. Republic Era

15. As a head of the State, his administration centerpiece program is the Philippines
2000; which aim to uplift the Philippines as a newly industrialized country by the
year 2000, who was this former president?
A. Corazon Aquino C. Fidel Ramos
B. Benigno Aquino III D. Gloria Arroyo

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 20
WHATS MORE What I know/Assessment
Activity 1
Answer may vary 1. B
Activity 2 2. A
PRE HISTORIC 3. B
-Barangay 4. A
-Maharlika 5. C
SPANISH COLOY 6. B
-Governor General 7. B
-Alcalde Mayor 8. C
PHILIPPINE REVOLUTION 9. A
-KKK 10.B
-Biak na Bato 11. C
AMERICAN WAR 12. D
-Treaty of Paris 13. B
-Cooper act 14. B
JAPANESE PERIOD 15. C
-Second Republic
-Puppet Government
POSTWAR ERA
-Manuel Roxas
-1973 contitution
/ 10 What I Know
% X 100 =
/ 10 Assessment
Your improvement index:
 References

1. Website

“Presidents” Philippine History.org., accessed on October 15, 2020,

Retrieved from http://www.philippine-history.org/presidents.htm

“Timeline” Philippine History.org accessed on October 15, 2020.

Retrieved from http://www.philippine-history.org/timeline.htm

“World Asia news” bbc.com, accessed on October 15, 2020.

Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-15581450

“World politics” soapboxie.com accessed October 15, 2020.

Retrieved from“https://soapboxie.com/world-politics/Presidents-of-the-Philippines-and-their-
Achievements-and-Contributions

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