TRAFFIC PHASE

Traffic – a complex system on the movement or flow of vehicles, pedestrians and goods
from one point of origin to destination.
Duties of Traffic Personnel
1. Enforcement of traffic laws, ordinances, rules and regulations without fear or
favor
2. Assist the public when necessary and requested
3. Keep in mind the intersection or any traffic post
Factors to be considered in the placement of Traffic Police Officer
1. Safety of the police officer
2. Presence of the police officer of the traffic
3. Presence of the traffic to the police officer
4. Non-obstruction to the traffic to the police officer
5. Ability to effect necessary control
6. Accessibility to persons seeking information or making complaints.
Responsibilities of Traffic Personnel
1. The officer shall not leave his post
2. The officer shall respond to any emergency call
3. The officer must be calm and be able to control his temper under trying and
provoking circumstances
4. The officer shall be in proper uniform with the appropriate equipment
5. In issuing traffic citation, one minute shall be the maximum time spent for dealing
with an offender
6. The officer must wear an official ID card when undertaking traffic duties
7. The officer must conform to the procedures in conducting traffic law enforcement
8. Inform the driver of specific violation
9. Accomplish clearly and legibly the traffic citation ticket.
Main concepts of Republic Act 4136 (Land Transportation and Traffic Code)
1. Driver’s License Violation
a. Driving without a license
b. Driving with a delinquent, invalid, suspended, ineffectual or revoked
license
c. Failure to show or surrender driver’s license
d. Failure to carry driver’s license
e. Failure to sign driver’s license
f. Driving under the influence of liquor or prohibited drugs
i. Salient features of RA no 10586 and procedures during the arrest
of a Driver
 1. Allowing an unlicensed/ improperly licensed person to drive
2. Fake or counterfeit license
3. Allowing another person to use one’s license
4. Using a motor vehicle in the commission of a crime
5. A student driver operating a motor vehicle without being
accompanied by a licensed driver
6. Unlicensed conductor
7. Expired driver’s license
2. Motor Vehicle Registration Violations
a. Unregistered motor vehicle - motor vehicle not duly registered with the
LTO
e.g. newly assembled motor vehicle from the factory, rebuilt motor vehicle
from the motor shop, imported vehicle which is subject for duties
b. Delinquent Registration – motor vehicle duly registered with the LTO but
the validity of the registration will expire within the current year. The
indication of registration of the motor vehicle relies on the LTO validating
sticker. The registration of the motor vehicle corresponds to the assigned
plate number.
The last digit is the allowable renewal month of the registration of a
motor vehicle:
1 – January 2 – February 3 – March 4 – April 5 – May
6 – June 7 – July 8 – August 9 – September
0 – October

The middle digit is the assigned week of registration of the motor

vehicle:
1,2,3 – First week of the month
4,5,6 – Second week of the month
7,8 – Third week of the month
9,0 – Fourth week of the month
c. Unauthorized change of color or configuration
d. Unregistered substitute or replacement engine
Note: The above violations should have a motor vehicle clearance from
the HPG
e. Operating/ allowing the operation of a motor vehicle with a suspended/
revoked certificate
3. Parking Violations
RA No. 4136 Sec 46 – For the purpose of this Act shall mean that a motor vehicle is
“parked” or “parking” if it has been brought to a stop on the shoulder or proper edge
of a highway and remains inactive in that place or close thereto for an appreciable
period of time. A motor vehicle which properly stops merely to discharge a
passenger or to take in a waiting passenger, or to load or unload a small quantity of
 freight with reasonable dispatch shall not be considered as “parked” if the motor
vehicle again moves away without delay.
a. Parking within an intersection
b. Parking on a crosswalk/ pedestrian lane
c. Parking within 6 meters of the intersection or curb lines
d. Parking 4 meters of the driveway entrance to any fire station
e. Parking within 4 meters of a fire hydrant
f. Parking in front of a private driveway
g. Double parking
h. Parking at any place where official signs “Prohibited Parking” are posted

4. Moving Traffic Violations

a. Reckless driving – disregard of the safety of others
b. Illegal turn – disregard of this sign poses danger to other motorists
c. Driving against traffic – one of the most dangerous behavior of the driver
d. Illegal overtaking
i. Overtaking at unsafe distance
ii. Illegal turn
iii. Failure to give way of an overtaking vehicle
iv. Increasing speed when overtaken before the overtaking vehicle has
completely passed
v. Overtaking when left side is not visible or clear of the incoming
traffic
vi. Overtaking on a crest of a curve
vii. Overtaking on a curve
viii. Overtaking at a railway grade crossing
ix. Overtaking in an intersection
x. Overtaking between “MEN WORKING” or “CAUTION” sign
xi. Overtaking in a “NO OVERTAKING” zone
Section 42 – Right of Way
1. When two vehicles approach or enter an intersection at approximately the same
time, the driver of the vehicle on the left shall yield the right-of-way to the vehicle
on the right, except as otherwise hereinafter provided the driver of any vehicle
travelling at an unlawful speed shall forfeit any right-of-way which might
otherwise have hereunder.
RA 10054 – an act mandating all motorcycle riders to wear standard protective
motorcycle helmets while driving and providing penalties therefor.
RA 8750 – an act requiring the mandatory compliance by motorist of private and public
vehicles to use seat belt devices and requiring vehicle manufacturers to install seat belt
devices in all their manufactured vehicles.
Children Prohibited to Sit in Front Seat – infants and/or children with ages 6 years old
and below shall be prohibited to sit in the front seat of any running motor vehicle
Motor vehicle – any propelled by any power other than muscular power using the public
highways but excepting road rollers, trolley cars, street sweepers, sprinklers, lawn
mowers, bulldozers, graders, forklifts, amphibian trucks and crones if not used on public
highways, vehicles which run only on rails or tracks, and tractors, trailers, and traction
engine of all kinds used exclusively for agricultural purposes.
Highways – every public thoroughfare, public boulevard, driveway, avenue, park, alley
and Callejon but shall not include roadway grounds owned by private persons, colleges,
universities or other similar