Chapter Summary: Ouspevdujpoup1Spkfdu - Bobhfnfou

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Chapter Summary 37
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Quick Quiz
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Copyright 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
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Quick Quiz Answers

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Discussion Questions
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Chapter Summary
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Quick Quiz
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Quick Quiz Answers

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Exercises
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Quick Quiz Answers

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Exercises
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Chapter Summary
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Chapter 5
Chapter Summary
Project scope management includes the processes to ensure that the project addresses all the work
required to complete the project successfully. The main processes include planning scope management,
collecting requirements, defining scope, creating the WBS, validating scope, and controlling scope.
The first step in project scope management is planning scope management. The project
212 team reviews information and uses expert judgment and meetings to help create a scope
management plan and requirements management plan.
The next step is collecting requirements, a crucial part of many IT projects. It is important to
review the project charter and meet with key stakeholders listed in the stakeholder register when
collecting requirements. The main outputs of this process are requirements documentation and a
requirements traceability matrix.
A project scope statement is created in the scope definition process. This document often
includes a product scope description, product user acceptance criteria, detailed information on all pro-
ject deliverables, and information on project boundaries, constraints, and assumptions. There are often
several versions of the project scope statement to keep scope information detailed and up to date.
A work breakdown structure (WBS) is a deliverable-oriented grouping of the work involved in
a project that defines its total scope. The WBS forms the basis for planning and managing project
schedules, costs, resources, and changes. You cannot use project management software without
first creating a good WBS. A WBS dictionary is a document that provides detailed information
about each WBS item. A good WBS is often difficult to create because of the complexity of the
project. There are several approaches for developing a WBS, including using guidelines, the
analogy approach, the top-down approach, the bottom-up approach, and mind mapping.
Validating scope involves formal acceptance of the completed project deliverables. Control-
ling scope involves controlling changes to the project scope.
Poor project scope management is one of the key reasons projects fail. For IT projects, it is
important for good project scope management to have strong user involvement, executive sup-
port, a clear statement of requirements, and a process for managing scope changes.
Many software products are available to assist in project scope management. The WBS is a key
concept in properly using project management software because it provides the basis for entering tasks.
Quick Quiz
1. _______ refer(s) to all the work involved in creating the products of the project and the pro-
cesses used to create them.
a. Deliverables
b. Milestones
c. Scope
d. Product development
2. Which tool or technique for collecting requirements is often the most expensive and time
consuming?
a. interviews
b. focus groups
c. surveys
d. observation
Project Scope Management
3. A _______ is a deliverable-oriented grouping of the work involved in a project that defines its
total scope.
a. scope statement
b. WBS
c. WBS dictionary
d. work package 213
4. What approach to developing a WBS involves writing down or drawing ideas in a nonlinear format?
a. top-down
b. bottom-up
c. analogy
d. mind mapping
5. Assume that you have a project with major categories called planning, analysis, design, and
testing. What level of the WBS would these items fall under?
a. 0
b. 1
c. 2
d. 3
6. Which of the following is not a best practice that can help in avoiding scope problems on
IT projects?
a. Keep the scope realistic.
b. Use off-the-shelf hardware and software whenever possible.
c. Follow good project management processes.
d. Don’t involve too many users in scope management.
7. Why did McDonald’s terminate a large project after spending $170 million on it?
a. The company found a better technology.
b. The company decided to outsource the work.
c. The scope was too much to handle.
d. The government requirement that prompted the project was repealed.
8. Scope _______ is often achieved by a customer inspection and then sign-off on key
deliverables.
a. acceptance
b. validation
c. completion
d. close-out
9. Which of the following is not a suggestion for improving user input?
a. Develop a good project selection process for IT projects.
b. Have users on the project team.
c. Co-locate users with developers.
d. Only have meetings as needed, not on a regular basis.
Chapter 5
10. Project management software helps you develop a _______, which serves as a basis for
creating Gantt charts, assigning resources, and allocating costs.
a. project plan
b. schedule
c. WBS
214 d. deliverable
Quick Quiz Answers

1. c; 2. a; 3. b; 4. d; 5. c; 6. d; 7. c; 8. b; 9. d; 10. c
1. What is involved in project scope management, and why is good project scope management
so important on IT projects?
2. What is involved in collecting requirements for a project? Why is it often difficult to do?
3. Discuss the process of defining project scope in more detail as a project progresses,
going from information in a project charter to a project scope statement, WBS, and WBS
dictionary.
4. Describe different ways to develop a WBS and explain why it is often so difficult to do.
5. What is the main technique used for validating scope? Give an example of scope validation
on a project.
6. Using examples in this book or online, describe a project that suffered from scope creep.
Could it have been avoided? How? Can scope creep be a good thing? When? What can
organizations do to successfully manage inevitable changes in scope that are good for
business?
7. Why do you need a good WBS to use project management software? What other types of
software can you use to assist in project scope management?
Exercises
1. You are working on a project to develop a new or enhanced system to help people at your
college, university, or organization to find jobs. The system must be tailored to your student
or work population and be very easy to use. Write a short paper describing how you would
collect requirements for this system, and include at least five requirements in a requirements
traceability matrix.
2. Read the report cited in the chapter called PMI’s Pulse of the Profession: Requirements
Management—A Core Competency for Project and Program Success. Find one or two
other reports on requirements management written in the past year. Summarize the findings
of the reports and your opinion on the topic.
3. Use MindView Business software to develop a WBS in chart form by creating a new file or
map in Top Down view. You can download a 30-day trial of MindView Business from
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Chapter Summary: Ouspevdujpoup1Spkfdu - Bobhfnfou

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*OUSPEVDUJPOUP1SPKFDU.

C 1SPKFDU.BOBHFNFOU1SPGFTTJPOBM 1.1

D 1SPKFDU.BOBHFNFOU&YQFSU 1.&

E 1SPKFDU.BOBHFNFOU.FOUPS 1..

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 8IBUBSFUIFQIBTFTJOBUSBEJUJPOBMQSPKFDUMJGFDZDMF )PXEPFTBQSPKFDUMJGFDZDMFEJGGFS

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C 1SPKFDU.BOBHFNFOU1SPGFTTJPOBM 1.1

D 1SPKFDU.BOBHFNFOU&YQFSU 1.&

E 1SPKFDU.BOBHFNFOU.FOUPS 1..

8IBUBSFUIFQIBTFTJOBUSBEJUJPOBMQSPKFDUMJGFDZDMF )PXEPFTBQSPKFDUMJGFDZDMFEJGGFS

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