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PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000

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AS 3600-2009 Example 002

P-M INTERACTION CHECK FOR COMPRESSION-CONTROLLED RECTANGULAR COLUMN

EXAMPLE DESCRIPTION
The Demand/Capacity ratio for a given axial loading and moment is tested in this
example.

In this example, a reinforced concrete column is subjected to factored axial load

N = 1733 kN and moment My = 433 kN-m. This column is reinforced with five
25M bars. The design capacity ratio is checked by hand calculations and the
result is compared with computed results. The column is designed as a short,
non-sway member.

GEOMETRY, PROPERTIES AND LOADING

1733 kN

My= 433 kN-m

550mm

A A 60 mm 350mm
3m

Section A-A

Material Properties Section Properties Design Properties

Ec = 25x106 kN/m2 b = 350 m fcu = 30 MPa

ν = 0.2 d = 490 mm fy = 460 MPa
G = 10416666.7kN/m2

AS 3600-2009 Example 002 - 1

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TECHNICAL FEATURES TESTED

 Tied reinforced concrete column design

RESULTS COMPARISON
Independent results are hand calculated and compared.

Percent
Output Parameter SAP2000 Independent Difference

Column Demand/Capacity Ratio 1.001 1.00 0.1%

COMPUTER FILE: AS 3600-2009 EX002

CONCLUSION
The computed results show an acceptable comparison with the independent
results.

AS 3600-2009 Example 002 - 2

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HAND CALCULATION

COLUMN STRENGTH UNDER COMPRESSION CONTROL

fcu = 30 MPa fy = 460 MPa
b = 350 mm d = 490 mm

1) Because e = 250 mm < (2/3)d = 327 mm, assume compression failure. This
assumption will be checked later. Calculate the distance to the neutral axis for a
balanced condition, cb:
Position of neutral axis at balance condition:
600 600
cb = dt = ( 490 ) = 277.4 mm
600 + f y 600 + 460

2) From the equation of equilibrium:

N = Cc + C s − T
where
= Cc α= ′
2 fc ab 0.85 • 30 •=
350a 8925a
Cs = As ( f y − α 2 fc′) = 2500 ( 460 − 0.85 • 30 ) = 1, 086, 250 N
Assume compression steel yields, (this assumption will be checked later).
T = As f = 2500 f s = 2500 f s ( f s < f y )
N1 =
8925a + 1.086, 250 − 2500 fs (Eqn. 1)

3) Taking moments about As:

1  a 
=
N2 Cc  d −  + C s ( d − d ′ ) 
e′   2 
The plastic centroid is at the center of the section and d ′′ = 215 mm
e′ =e + d ′′ =250 + 215 =465 mm
1   a 
=N 8925a  490 −  + 1, 086, 250 ( 490 − 60 ) 
465   2 

N = 9404.8a − 9.597 a 2 + 1, 004, 489 (Eqn. 2)

AS 3600-2009 Example 002 - 3

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4) Assume c = 333.9 mm, which exceeds cb (296 mm).

= =
a 0.84 • 333.9 280.5 mm
Substitute in Eqn. 2:

N 2 = 8925 • 280.5 − 9.597 ( 280.5 ) + 1, 004, 489= 2,888, 240 N

2

5) Calculate fs from the strain diagram when c = 365 mm.

 490 − 333.9 
=fs =  600 280.5 MPa
 333.9 
ε s =εt =fs Es = 0.0014

6) Substitute a = 280.5 mm and fs = 280.5 MPa in Eqn. 1 to calculate N1:

N1= 8925 ( 280.5 ) + 1, 086, 250 − 2500 ( 280.5 )= 2,887,373 N
which is very close to the calculated N2 of 2,888,240 (less than 1% difference)
 250 
= Ne
M = 2888  =  722 kN-m
 1000 

7) Check if compression steel yields. From strain diagram,

 333.9 − 60 
=ε′s   ( 0.003
= ) 0.0025=
> ε y 0.0023
 333.9 
Compression steel yields, as assumed.

8) Therefore, section capacity is

N = φ • 2888 =
1733 kN
e 250
M = φ • 2888 • = 0.60 • 2888 • = 433 kN-m
1000 1000

AS 3600-2009 Example 002 - 4