ICT-ED INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INC.

143 ME C. Harina Street, Poblacion, San Antonio, Quezon

(043) 703-2273 0908-985-7492

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

Learning Module In

GENERAL MATHEMATICS

(S.Y 2021-2022)

Prepared by:

Adrian J. Andal

Checked and Approved by:

Nordyl L. Bianzon Jojie R. De Ramos

Instructional Development Committee

Noted by:

Vina N. Mendoza

Directress for Academic Affairs

 ICT-ED INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INC.
143 ME C. Harina Street, Poblacion, San Antonio, Quezon
(043) 703-2273 0908-985-7492

WEEK 7

Odd and Even Functions

(NOTE: WAG MUNANG ISUSUBMIT ANG MGA ACTIVITIES UNLESS,

SINABI KO NA SA CHAT GROUP)

Definition:

The function f is an even function if an only if:

f (−x )=f ( x ) , for all x∈the domain of f

 The right hand side of the equation of an even function does not
change even if x is replaced with −x

The function f is an odd function if and only if:

f (−x )=−f ( x ) , for all x ∈the domain of f .

 Every term in the right hand side of the equation of an odd function
changes sign if x is replaced by −x

Example:

Identify each function as even, odd, neither.

a. f ( x )=x 5 b. g ( x )=3 x 4−2 x 2

Solution:

IN each case, replace x with −x and simplify. If the right hand side of the
equation stays the same, the function is even. If every term on the right
changes sign, the function is odd.

a. Use f ( x )=x 5

f (−x )=(−x )5

¿ (−x )(−x ) (−x )(−x ) (−x )

 ICT-ED INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INC.
143 ME C. Harina Street, Poblacion, San Antonio, Quezon
(043) 703-2273 0908-985-7492
¿−x5

Therefore, we can say that the function is an odd function.

b. Use g ( x )=3 x 4−2 x 2

g (−x )=3 ¿

¿ 3 (−x )(−x ) (−x )(−x )−2 (−x )(−x )

¿ 3 x 4−2 x 2

Therefore, we can say that the function is an even function

DEFINITION:

Recall:

A polynomial function p of degree n is a function that can be written in the

form

p ( x ) =an x n+ an−1 x n−1 +a n−2 x n−2+ …+a1 x+ a0

Where a 0 , a1 , … , an ∈ R , an ≠ 0, and n is a positive integer. Each addend of the

sum is a term of the polynomial function. The constants a 0 , a1 , … , an are the

coefficients. The leading coefficient is a n. The leading term is a n x n, and the

constant term is a 0.

DEFINITION:

p ( x)
A Rational function is a function of the form f ( x )= where p(x ) and q (x)
q(x)
are polynomial functions and q (x) is not a zero function, which means, q ( x) ≠ 0
. The domain of f (x) is the set of all values of x where q ( x) ≠ 0.

Example 1:
 ICT-ED INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INC.
143 ME C. Harina Street, Poblacion, San Antonio, Quezon
(043) 703-2273 0908-985-7492
An object is to travel a distance of 10 meters. Express velocity v as a function
of travel time t, in seconds.

Solution:

The following table of values show v for various values of t.

t (seconds) 1 2 4 5 10

v (meters per second) 10 5 2.5 2 1

10
The function v ( t )= can represent v as a function of t
t

Example 2:

5t
Suppose that c ( t ) = 2 (in mg/mL) represents the concentration of a drug in
t +1
a patient’s bloodstream t hours after the drug was administered. Construct a
table of values for c (t) for t=1 , 2, 5 , 10. Round off answers to three decimal
places. Use the table to sketch a graph and interpret the results.

Solution:

t 0 1 2 5 10

c(t) 0 2.5 3 0.962 0.495

 ICT-ED INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INC.
143 ME C. Harina Street, Poblacion, San Antonio, Quezon
(043) 703-2273 0908-985-7492

The graph indicates that the maximum drug concentration occurs around 1
hour after the drug was administered (calculus can be used to determine the
exact value at which the maximum occurs). After 1 hour, the graph suggests
that drug concentration decreases until it is almost zero.

Example 3:

In an organ pipe, the frequency f of vibration of air is inversely proportional to

the length L of the pipe. Suppose that the frequency of vibration in a 10−¿foot
pipe is 54 vibrations per sound. Express f as a function of L.

Solution:

k
Since f is inversely proportional to L, then f = , where k is the constant of
L
proportionality.

k 540
If L=10, then f =54. Thus, 54= , then k =540. Thus, the function f ( L ) =
10 L
represents f as a function of L.

Example 4.

The distance from manila to Baguio is around 250 kilometers.

 ICT-ED INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INC.
143 ME C. Harina Street, Poblacion, San Antonio, Quezon
(043) 703-2273 0908-985-7492
a. How long will it take you to get Baguio if your average speed is 25
kilometers per hour? 40 km/hr? 50 km/hr?
b. Construct a function ( s), where s is the speed of travel, that describes
the time it takes to drive from manila to Baguio.

Solution:

a. Distance is Calculated as the product of speed and time so we can get

the time by dividing distance by the speed.
250 kilometers/25 kilometers per hour = 10 hours
250 kilometers/40 kilometers per hour = 6.25 hours
250 kilometers/50 kilometers per hour = 5 hours

b. Since time is the quotient of distance and speed, we can write out the
function as
d
t ( s) =
s
Since time is the quotient of distance and speed, we can write out the
function as
d
t (s )=
s
The distance is fixed at 250 kilometers so the final function we have is
250
t ( s) =
s
 ICT-ED INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INC.
143 ME C. Harina Street, Poblacion, San Antonio, Quezon
(043) 703-2273 0908-985-7492

ACTIVITY 1 (TO BE SUBMITTED AT GOOGLE CLASSROOM)

1. Given the polynomial function p ( x ) =12+ 4 x−3 x 2−x 3

a. The degree of polynomial
b. The leading coefficient
c. The constant term
d. The number of zeros
2. The budget of a university organization is split evenly among its various
committees. If they have a budget of Php 60,000.
a. Construct a function M (n) which would give the amount of money
each of the n number of committees would receive.
b. If the organization has eight committees, how much would each
committee have?
3. A company has a budget of P90 000 to be split evenly among its
various offices. The marketing office of the company receives twice the
amount of money than the other offices.
 ICT-ED INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INC.
143 ME C. Harina Street, Poblacion, San Antonio, Quezon
(043) 703-2273 0908-985-7492
a. Given x as the number of offices in the company, construct a
function f (x) which would give the amount of money each of the
non-marketing offices would receive.
b. If the company had five offices, how much would the marketing
office receive? How much would each of the non-marketing offices
receive?
4t
4. Let C ( t )= 2 be the function that describes the concentration of a
t +4
certain medication in the bloodstream over time t.
a. What is C (0)? Why is that so?
b. Construct a table of values for when t is equal to 0,1,2,3,4 ,∧5.
c. Interpret your answers in relation to drug concentration.

RATIONAL FUNCTIONS, EQUATIONS AND INEQUALITIES

Learning Objective (s):

1. Distinguish among rational functions, rational equations and rational

inequalities.

DEFINITION:

A rational expression is an expression that can be written as a ratio of two

polynomials.

Some examples of rational expressions are

2 x 2+ 2 x +3 5
, ,
x x +1 x−3
 ICT-ED INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INC.
143 ME C. Harina Street, Poblacion, San Antonio, Quezon
(043) 703-2273 0908-985-7492
A Rational Equation is an equation involving rational expressions.

Example:

2 3 1
− =
x 2x 5

A Rational Inequality is an inequality involving rational expressions.

Example:

5 2
≤
x−3 x

p ( x)
A Rational Function is a function of the form f ( x )= where p(x ) and q (x)
q(x)
are polynomial functions and q (x) is a not zero function.

Example:

x 2+ 2 x +3
f x=
( )
x +1

A rational equation or inequality can be solved for all x values that satisfy the
equation or inequality. A rational function expresses a relationship between
two variable such as x and y, and can be represented by a table of values or
a graph.

Example. Determine whether the given is a rational function, rational

equation, a rational inequality or none of these.

2+ x
1. =8 Answer: Rational Equation
x−1
 ICT-ED INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INC.
143 ME C. Harina Street, Poblacion, San Antonio, Quezon
(043) 703-2273 0908-985-7492
2. x > √ x+2 Answer: None of these
x +3
3. f ( x )=6− Answer: Rational Function
x 2−5
7
4. 2 x> Answer: Rational Inequality
x +4
x 4
5. = Answer: Rational Equation
2 x+ 9 x3

Activity 2:

Determine whether the given is a rational function, rational equation, a rational

inequality or none of these.

1. y=5 x 3−2 x+ 1
8 x
2. −8=
x 2 x−1
3. √ x−2=4
x−1 2
4. =x
x+ 1
7 x 3−4 √ x+ 1
5. g ( x )=
x2 +3
 ICT-ED INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INC.
143 ME C. Harina Street, Poblacion, San Antonio, Quezon
(043) 703-2273 0908-985-7492
5
6. 6 x− ≥0
x+ 3

Activity:

Determine whether or not each function is even, odd, or neither. Show

your complete solution.

1. f ( x )=x 3−1

2. f ( x )=x 2−x

3. g ( x )=2 x 6 + 4 x 2

4. g ( x )=3 x2 −x 4 +1
 ICT-ED INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INC.
143 ME C. Harina Street, Poblacion, San Antonio, Quezon
(043) 703-2273 0908-985-7492
5. g ( x )=2 x 4 + 3 x 2 +1

6. h ( x )=3 x 3−4 x5

7. h ( x )=x 4 −x2

8. h ( x )=x 2 √1−x 2