PARAPHRASE IELTS WRITING

A – TASK 1

1. In general

- Subject refers to figures – Verb refers to increases/ decreases

+ The number of/ The figure for/ The proportion of/ The percentage of people who … (relative
clause)

+ The number of/ The figure for people + V-ing/ (reduced relative clause)

+ There was an increase/ rise/ growth….in the number of… noun + V-ing or V-ed

+ There was a decrease/ drop/ fall/ decline…in the number of…noun +V-ing or V-ed

- Subject refers to the chart

+ The chart/ graph/ illustration/ map/ table…shows/ illustrates/ gives information about/ provides
information about/ compares…

- Subject refers to what is shown in the chart

+ People tend to + V

+ X is the most popular ….

+ Company A reduced its waste production

+ The …(noun: consumption, spending…) is highest

+ People show their preference for…

+ People have a tendency to do sth

 2. Particular words

- A period of time

+ during the period between X and Y

+ between X and Y

+ from X to Y

+ during the 1950s

+ within five fears from X to Y

+ over the period from X to Y

+ over a period of 17 years

+ during the researched/ observed period

+ at the beginning/ end of the period shown

- Age group

+ between X and Y years old

+ X - to Y-year-olds + X -

to Y-year-old students

+ people (who are) aged X to Y.

+ people who fall into the X to Y age group

+ people who belong to the X to Y age group

+ in their forties (40 – 49 years old)

- Old people: the elderly = elderly people = senior citizens

- Young people: the young = teenagers = youngsters

- Middle aged people = people aged 40 to 60

- People in early adulhood = people who fall into 20 to 40 age group

- Spending

+ Noun: Spending = expenditure/ spender = consumer

+ Verb (active form): spend = use one’s money

+ Verb (passive form): be spent on = be allocated for = be used for = be expended = be paid out
for

- Consumption

+ Noun: X consumption = X use/ the amount of X used/ consumed

+ Verb: consume = use

- Internet usage

+ Noun: Internet usage

+ the population who used the Internet = people who used the Internet = people using the Internet
= people who had access to the Internet = people accessing the Internet = Internet users

+ Verb: use = access = connected to

- Production

+ Noun: production, manufacture, generation

+ the amount of X produced/ the amount of X made by…/ the amount of X manufactured/the
quantity of energy generated/the quantity of electricity generated

+ Verb: to produce = to make = to manufacture = to generate (electricity/energy)

- Sales

+ Noun: sales = turnover

+ Verb: earn = obtain = gain = make

- Poverty

+ Noun: Poverty rate = level of poverty = poverty level

+ Noun: poor people = the poor = people who live in poverty = people who live under the
poverty line

- Unemployment

+ Noun: people who were unemployed = people who were jobless = people without a job = the
unemployed = the jobless

+ Noun: level(s) of unemployment = unemployment rate

B – TASK 2

1. In general

- A is a cause of B (A là nguyên nhân của B)

+ A result(s) in/ lead(s) to/ bring(s) about B (A dẫn đến B)

+ A is often associated with B (A thường liên quan tới B)

+ A paves the way for B (A mở đường cho B)

+ A is a catalyst of B (A là chất xúc tác của B)

+ A is the precursor of B (A là tiền thân của B)

+ A correlates with B (A tương quan với B)

+ A makes a significant/substantial/valuable/great contribution to B

(A đóng một phần quan trọng tới B)

+ A is a key/contributing factor influencing B (A là yếu tố chủ chốt của B)

+ A has/exerts an effect/impact/influence on B (A có ảnh hưởng đáng kể đến B)

- To do something for one’s sake/ for social benefit (Làm cái gì vì ai/ vì lợi ích xã hội)

+ For one’s own sake (Vì lợi ích của riêng ai)

+ for/in one’s own interest (Vì mối quan tâm của ai)

+ as a social responsibility (trách nhiệm xã hội)

+ not (only) for individual gain but (also) as a community duty (không chỉ cho lợi ích cá nhân mà
còn vì lợi ích cộng đồng)

+ for social rather than personal benefits (lợi ích công đồng hơn là cá nhân)

- To get benefits from something (Có lợi từ cái gì)

+ To gain/derive/ get/ obtain/ enjoy benefits

+ To benefit greatly/enormously/considerably…from something (Có được/ đạt được/ lấy được

lợi ích)

+ There are many benefits of doing something (Có rất nhiều lợi ích từ việc làm gì đó)

- To meet the requirement (Đạt yêu cầu)

+ To meet/ satisfy the need of/the demand for sth (Đạt/ thỏa mãn yêu cầu/ nhu cầu của cái gì)

+ To fulfil a requirement/condition/obligation (Thỏa mãn yêu cầu/ điều kiện)

- To try (Cố gắng)

+ to make every endeavor to do something (Dùng hết mọi cố gắng làm gì)

+ to make an effort (Nỗ lực)

+ to attempt (Nỗ lực)

+ to struggle to do sth (Vất vả (đấu tranh) để làm gì)

+ to apply oneself to sth (Cố hết mình)

+ to exert oneself (Cố hết mình)

- To have difficulty (Gặp khó khăn)

+ to have difficulty/ trouble/ problems + Ving/ in Ving (Gặp khó khăn/ rắc rối/ vấn đề trong
chuyện gì/ làm gì)

+ to struggle to V (vất vả làm gì)

- To choose (Lựa chọn)

+ to make a choice (đựa ra lựa chọn)

+ to opt (chọn lựa)

+ to select (chọn lựa)

+ to decide to do something (quyết định)

+ to decide on (quyết định)

- People (Mọi người/ Người dân)

+ the public (Quần chúng/ nhân dân)

+ the population (Người dân)

+ many/ some/most (Nhiều người/ một số/ hầu hết)

+ mankind (Loài người/ con người)

2. Particular words

- Children (Trẻ em)

+ a child (một đứa trẻ)

+ youngsters (thanh thiếu niên)

+ offspring (thế hệ sau)

- School (Trường học)

+ educational institutions (Tổ chức giáo dục)

+ places of learning (nơi để học)

+ the classroom (lớp học)

- Government (Chính phủ)

+ the authorities (Chính quyền)

+ national and local authorities (Chính quyền địa phương và quốc gia)

+ the state (Chính quyền)

- Society (Xã hội)

+ the community (cộng đồng)

+ the general public (công chúng)

+ civilisation (nền văn minh)