1

THE MEANING AND IMPORTANCE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY CHAPTER

1
Learning Outcomes:
At the end of this chapter, you should be able to:
1. explain the relationship of tourism and hospitality;
2. discuss the components of tourism and hospitality industry;
3. define tourism hospitality;
4. differentiate tourists ad excursionists;
5. understand the various elements of travel used as criteria for defining travelers and/or tourists;
6. describe the characteristics of a tourist product and a tourist destination;
7. compare tourism an hospitality with other industries; and
8. appreciate the importance of tourism and hospitality.

Introduction
Tourism and hospitality has been one of the largest and fastest-growing industries in the world. It contribute greatly to
global economic development. Countries that are leading in tourism and hospitality revenues are the United States,
France, Germany, the United Kingdom, Mexico, and Japan.

PRINCIPLES OF TOURISM

Definition of Tourism

“ sum of the phenomena and relationships arising from the travel and stay of non-residents, in so far as they do
not lead to permanent residence and are not connected to any earning activity” – Prof. Hunziker and Krapf of
Berne University, Switzerland

“Tourism is the temporary short-term movement of people to destinations outside places where they normally live
and work and their activities during their stay at these destinations” – Tourism Society in Britain.

“traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for
leisure, business and other purposes“ – WORLD TOURISM ORGANIZATION

In 1994, the United Nations identified three forms of tourism in its Recommendations on Tourism Statistics:
o Domestic tourism, involving residents of the given country traveling only within this country
o Inbound tourism, involving non-residents traveling in the given country
o Outbound tourism, involving residents traveling in another country

TOURIST
Tourists tend to stay in their comfort zones a bit; they may speak only English instead of trying to learn phrases in the
local language; stick to major cities instead of venturing to smaller towns or off-the-beaten-path locales; and stay in areas
where the amenities are similar to what they have at home.

Temporary visitors staying at least 24 hours, whose purpose could be classified as leisure, business, family, mission and
meeting.

EXCURSIONIST
Temporary visitors staying less than 24 hours in the destination visited and not making an overnight stay, including cruise
travelers but excluding travelers in transits

TRAVELLER
Generally speaking, someone who considers himself a traveler will try to immerse himself in the local culture rather than
standing out. If you’re a traveler, you may try to explore the less-traveled areas and explore locations where tourism
doesn’t drive the economy. You’ll interact with locals. Your goals for a trip will be to learn and experience new things,
rather than to take a relaxing break from everyday life. A traveler may consider a trip a journey rather than a vacation.

MACRO PERSPECTIVE IN TOURISM AND HOSPITALITYMARY ANNAVIC JIMENEZ-SALUMBIDES

TMHM 1 INSTRUCTOR
 2
THE MEANING AND IMPORTANCE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY CHAPTER
1
Five Characteristics of Tourism
Because of its complexity, tourism is a combination of phenomena and relationships;
It has two essential elements:
 the dynamic element – the journey and
 the static element – the stay
The journey and stay are to and from the destinations outside the place of residence and work.
The movement to destinations is temporary and short – term with the intention to return within a few days, weeks
or months
Destinations are visited for the purposes not connected with paid work, that is, not to be employed and not for
business or vocational reasons

Elements of Travel
Distance - The difference between local travel or traveling within a person’s home community and non –
local travel away from home
Length of Stay at a Destination- Tourists temporary visitors who make at least one overnight stay or 24
hours; Excursionists temporary visitors who do not stay at least 24 hours in a destination
Purpose of Travel – The residence or origin of the traveler is the third basic elements of travel. For research
business and research purposes, it is important to know where people live
Nature of the tour
 Visiting friends and relatives
 Conventions, Seminars and Meetings
 Business
 Outdoor Recreation (e.g. Hunting, fishing, boating and camping)
 Entertainment (sightseeing, theatre, sports)
 Personal (family, medical, funeral, wedding)
 Others

THE NATURE OF A TOUR

 Domestic Tourism travel taken within the boundaries of one’s country
 International Tourism a travel from one territory or country to the other

THE NATURE OF A TOUR

 Package tour segments are bought in an all – inclusive price; individual price of these elements cannot be
determined by the buyer himself
 Independent tour buying tour segments separately from one or more suppliers

THE TOURIST PRODUCT

1. It is a service – an intangible item

2. It is the temporary use of a strange environment plus the culture and heritage of the region and other
intangible benefits such as the atmosphere and hospitality (Largely psychological in its attraction)
3. Product tends to vary in standard and quality over time
4. The supply of the product is fixed Peak Lean

THE TOURIST DESTINATION

Is a geographical unit which the tourist visits and stays. It may be a village, a town, a city, a district, a region, an
island, a country or a continent

THREE BASIC FACTORS:

MACRO PERSPECTIVE IN TOURISM AND HOSPITALITYMARY ANNAVIC JIMENEZ-SALUMBIDES
TMHM 1 INSTRUCTOR
 3
THE MEANING AND IMPORTANCE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY CHAPTER
1
1. Attractions
2. Amenities or Facilities
3. Accessibility

ATTRACTIONS

 Event Attractions- tourist are drawn to the destination solely because of what’s taking place there.
 Site Attractions- The destination itself has the appeal
 Natural Attractions- Includes mountains, beaches, climatic features, such as sunshine and pure air.
 Man-made- Include building of historical or architectural interests such as Fort Santiago, holiday camps or theme
parks.

Tourist Services

1. Passenger transport
2. Accommodation
3. Food and beverage
4. Entertainment
5. Tour operator

CHARACTERISTICS OF TOURISM

 In tourism, the product is not bought to the consumer; rather, the consumer has to travel and go to the product to
purchase it.
 The products of tourism are not used up; thus, they do not exhaust the country’s natural resources.
 Tourism is a labor – intensive industry
 Tourism is people oriented
 Tourism is multi – dimensional phenomenon
 Tourist industry is seasonal
 The industry is dynamic- It is characterized by the changing ideas and attitudes of its customers therefore must be
always prepared and willing to adjust to these changes

IMPORTANCE OF TOURISM
 Contribution to the balance of payments.
 Dispersion of development.
 Effect on general economic development.
 Employment opportunities.
 Social benefits.
 Cultural enrichment.
 Educational significance.
 A vital force for peace.

*end of chapter 1*

MACRO PERSPECTIVE IN TOURISM AND HOSPITALITYMARY ANNAVIC JIMENEZ-SALUMBIDES

TMHM 1 INSTRUCTOR
 4
THE MEANING AND IMPORTANCE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY CHAPTER
1

NAME: ________________________________________________________ SUBJECT:

_________________
COURSE: ______________________________________________________ DATE:
____________________
ACTIVITY
Select a local tourist destination. Make a research on the following:

What type of visitor does the destination draw?

MACRO PERSPECTIVE IN TOURISM AND HOSPITALITYMARY ANNAVIC JIMENEZ-SALUMBIDES

TMHM 1 INSTRUCTOR
 5
THE MEANING AND IMPORTANCE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY CHAPTER
1

What does the destination’s management do to

bring in visitors?

What features has its management added to

lengthen the visitors’ stay?

MACRO PERSPECTIVE IN TOURISM AND HOSPITALITYMARY ANNAVIC JIMENEZ-SALUMBIDES

TMHM 1 INSTRUCTOR