1.

INTRODUCTION TO APPLIED &

CASE STUDY RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY OF CASE STUDY RESEARCH
CSIM801024
Lecturers:
Betty Purwandari, Ph.D.
Harry Budi Santoso, Ph.D.
Dr. Panca Hadi Putra

Courtesy of Riri Satria, M.M.

Master of Information Technology Program

Faculty of Computer Science
University of Indonesia
IT and the Organizational Context

ORGANIZATION PROBLEMS
AND SOLUTIONS

IT PROBLEMS
AND SOLUTIONS

Master of Information Technology Program

Faculty of Computer Science
University of Indonesia
 Humans are THINKERS …

… not like robots that only follow

instructions or predefined steps.
Lateral Thinking
Lateral Thinking
 This is a program for IS/IT
Professionals at Master degree level …
The Job of IT Professionals
Example: What is the best IS/IT
strategy for my company?

IT Managers
(Managerial Jobs)

DECISION
MAKING

IT Professionals IT Specialist
(Expert Jobs)

Example: What is the best IT

security level my company?

Decision making needs both DIVERGENT

and CONVERGENT thinking.
Thinking in Daily Life … and this is RESEARCH

GOOD GOOD GOOD CONVERGENT

THEORY DATA METHOD THINKING

• ANALYSIS
• DECISION
• DESIGN
CONCLUSIONS • ACTIONS
• ……
• ……

CREATIVITY
DIVERGENT
THINKING
We are IT managers and professionals.
We work in business and government orgs.
… why should we learn research?

become a
researcher?
 Types of Research (1)
• Basic research  develop theory (academic).
– Scientific innovation (theories, frameworks, etc).
– Not always relevant to real life problems.
– The main objectives are to develop theories (academic).
– Strong scientific approach  empirical data.
– (Mostly) universal conclusions.
– Conducted by researchers or academicians.

• Applied research  problem solving (practitioners).

– Applied innovation (product, process, organization, etc).
– Should be relevant to real life problems.
– The main objectives are to solve real life problems.
– Scientific approach combined with mental model.
– Localize or contextual conclusions.
– Conducted by consultants or executives.
 Types of Research (2)
BASIC RESEARCH
EMPIRICAL / HIGH CONTRIBUTIONS TO
REAL LIFE PROBLEMS SCIENCE
BASIC
THEORETICAL RESEARCH LIMITED DISCUSSIONS
PROBLEMS ON PRACTICAL IMPACT

APPLIED RESEARCH
LIMITED DISCUSSIONS
ON IMPACT TO SCIENCE
EMPIRICAL / APPLIED
REAL LIFE
PROBLEMS
RESEARCH HIGH CONTRIBUTIONS
TO PRACTICAL IMPACT
 Why do we need research?

DISCIPLINE OF THINKING

ACCOUNTABILITY AND CREDIBILITY

TO PRODUCE KNOWLEDGE AND
SOLUTIONS

Master of Information Technology Program

Faculty of Computer Science
University of Indonesia
 What is Scientific Inquiry?

• Scientific inquiry is a term that encompasses a

variety of methods to explore the natural world
and propose explanations based on the evidence
they find.
• The objective of scientific inquiry is to find and to
characterize the patterns as resulted from the
exploration.

Master of Information Technology Program

Faculty of Computer Science
University of Indonesia
 What is Scientific Inquiry?
 Based on facts as opposed to “imagination”

 Objective consideration as opposed to subjective consideration

 Analytical as opposed to “trivial”

 Measured (either quantitative or qualitative).

Master of Information Technology Program

Faculty of Computer Science
University of Indonesia
 What is Research?
Definition:
Something that people undertake in order to find
things out in a systematic way, thereby
increasing their knowledge

Characteristics:
• Data are collected systematically
• Data are interpreted systematically
• There is a clear purpose to find things out

Master of Information Technology Program

Faculty of Computer Science
University of Indonesia
 More Understanding on Research
 Research is a careful and systematic process of
inquiry to find answers to problem of interest.
 Research include: use of facts, use of theories,
data (fact) analysis, sampling, doing an
experiment, going to library to read up on a topic.
 To do research is to investigate the problem
systematically and thoroughly.
 Goal of research is to solve the problem of
interest
Master of Information Technology Program
Faculty of Computer Science
University of Indonesia
 Research in Information Systems
• How do individuals use IT?
• How does IT contribute to organizational performance?
• How are organizations using IT?
• How can societal issues be resolved using IT?
• How do humans interact with IT?
• How does IT allow an organization to innovate its business?
• How can IT contribute the the greening of the planet?
• How do humans build capabilities in dealing with IT and related
issues?

Master of Information Technology Program

Faculty of Computer Science
University of Indonesia
 Methods and Methodology

Methods :
The techniques and procedures used to
obtain and analyse data.

Methodology :
A series of relevant methods to answer
the research problem.

Master of Information Technology Program

Faculty of Computer Science
University of Indonesia
Stages on Research Process
• Formulating and clarifying a topic
• Reviewing the literature
• Designing the research
• Collecting data
• Analysing data
• Writing up

Master of Information Technology Program

Faculty of Computer Science
University of Indonesia
 Objectivism and Subjectivism
• OBJECTIVISM :
– portrays the position that social entities
exist in reality external to social actors
concerned with their existence.

• SUBJECTIVISM :
– holds that social phenomena are
created from the perceptions and
consequent actions of those social
actors concerned with their existence

Master of Information Technology Program

Faculty of Computer Science
University of Indonesia
 Deductive and Inductive

Deduction –
theory and hypothesis are developed
and tested

Master of Information Technology Program

Faculty of Computer Science
University of Indonesia
 Deductive and Inductive

Induction –
data are collected and a theory
developed from the data analysis

Master of Information Technology Program

Faculty of Computer Science
University of Indonesia
 … and finally …

“there is no one best way for

undertaking all research”

Master of Information Technology Program

Faculty of Computer Science
University of Indonesia
Master of Information Technology Program
Faculty of Computer Science
University of Indonesia