PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

WEEK 8
LEARNING COMPETENCIES
Illustrates the importance of qualitative research across fields (CS_RS11-IIIb-2)

RESEARCH IN DIFFERENT AREAS OF KNOWLEDGE

Research studies happen in any field of knowledge: Anthropology, Business, Communication, Education,
Engineering, Law and Nursing.

BASIC RESEARCH APPROACHES IN A SPECIFIC AREA OF DISCIPLINE

1. Scientific or Positive Approach
- deals with empirical data instead of personal views, feelings or attitudes.
- control of variables or factors affecting the study (Laursen 2010).
- records findings quantitatively.
- presents structured interviews, questionnaires and observational checklists.
2. Naturalistic Approach
- A people-oriented approach focusing on discovering the real concept or meaning behind
people’s lifestyles and social relations.
- Present things qualitatively through verbal language. Using words as unit of analysis.
- Bases determining universal social values to define ethical and unethical that society ought to
know, not only for the benefit of individual and community but also for the satisfaction of man’s
quest for knowledge.” (Sarandakos 2013; Ransome 2013)

Example: Talking to ethnic groups or people with other culture in a natural setting. In this case,
the researcher uses unstructured interviews and the participants’ answer/response is not scripted.
3. Triangulation/ Mixed Method
- Allows a combination or a mixture of research designs, data collection and data analysis
techniques.
- enhance the validity and reliability of qualitative research design.
- Enhances accuracy of interpretation.
- Has an opportunity to view every angle of the research from different perspectives.
MAIN METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION
A. Interactive interviewing- people asked to verbally described their experiences
of phenomenon.
B. Written descriptions by participant- people asked to write descriptions of their
experiences of phenomenon.
C. Observation- descriptive observations of verbal and non-verbal behavior.

In the field of Humanities, researchers ought to focus not to man’s social life but instead studies it’s
meanings, significance and visualizations of man’s experiences in the field of Fine Arts, Literature, Music,
Drama, Dance and other
artistically inclined subjects.

HUMANISTIC CATEGORIES
1. Literature and Art Criticism - focus on language depends on interpretative and reflective thinking.
2. Philosophical Research - focus on knowledge and principles of being and on the manner human
beings conduct themselves on Earth.
3. Historical Research Investigation - centers on events and ideas that took place in man’s life at a
particular period.
 PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
WEEK 8
Activity No. 8
Directions.
As a continuation of your work on Activity 7 where you listed your own three topics for a qualitative
research, its purpose and type to use, add a fourth column for the approach of research you will use, and a
fifth column for your choice of data collection. Copy your answers from the previous table to complete
columns 1 to 3.

Type of
Research Data Collection
Topic Purpose Qualitative
Approach Choice
Research
Example:
Post Traumatic To determine the Phenomenological Triangulation or Written
Experiences of experiences of mixed description/
the COVID-19 those survivors in Semi-Structured
Survivors the COVID-19 Interview
phenomena.
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.