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Counselling Psychology ( : )

Book · October 2019

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N.V.G.A. Hemantha Kumara

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 m<uqjeks mßÉfþoh
yr ixl,am ye`okaùu

ye`oskaùu
WmfoaYk ufkdaúoHdjg wod< kHdhka yd m%fõY rdYshls'
oekg mj;sk m%fõY fukau kj m%fõY ixia:dmkhg wod<j
m¾fhaIK isÿ lrñka ;sfnk njo fmkS hkq we;' flfia fj;;a"
fuu .%ka:h iïmdokh lsÍfï wruqK WmfoaYk ufkdaúoHdjg
wod< f;dard .;a kHdhka lsysmhla ms<sn`oj oekqula iemhSu fõ'
tu kHdhka yeoEÍug fmr WmfoaYk ufkdaúoHd úIh lafIa;%hg
wod< yr ixl,am lsysmhla f;areï f.k ;sîu WÑ; h' ta wkqj
fuu m<uq mßÉfÊoh fjka lrkq ,nkafka tu yr ixl,am
lsysmh y`ÿkajd oSug h' tkï"
1' WmfoaYk ufkda úoHdfõ w¾:h
2' WmfoaYkh w¾: oelaùu
3' WmfoaYljrhd w¾: oelaùu
4' jD;a;Sh WmfoaYljrhdg wod< yr we.hqï
5' WmfoaYkh yd ufkda Ñls;aidj jYfhks'

WmfoaYk ufkda úoHdfõ w¾:h

úúO ufkda úoHd{hska yd úoHd¾Òka WmfoaYk ufkda
úoHdfõ w¾:h úúO whqßka olajd we;' th iudc ufkdaúoHdfõ
YdLdjla úh hq;= nj i,lkq ,efí' WmfoaYk ufkdaúoHdj hkq
^jD;a;Sh& ufkdaúoHd lafIa;%hg wh;a Wm úIhla jk w;r tu.ska

1
ñksiqkaf.a iuia; Ôú; ld,hg u wod<j mqoa., yd wka;¾ mqoa.,
iïnkaO;dj,oS u;= jk ndOd" .eg¨" p¾hd iy wl%ñl;dj,g iy
fjk;a iydhl yd u.fmkaùï wjYH ld¾h lafIa;%hkag wh;a
iydhl jD;a;Sh úIh m:hla f,i i`oyka l< yels h' fuu.ska
udkj cSú;fha iudcuh" iafjÉPduh" wOHdmksl md¾Yjhka"
fi!LHh yd ne`ÿkq ixj¾Okuh lafIa;% yd ixúOdkuh ld¾hhka
iy wdfõ.d;aul ld¾hhkag wod< WmfoaYkh iemhSu isÿ lrkq
,efí' j¾;udkfha w;sYh ;r`.ldÍ ñksia cSú; ie,ls,a,g
.kakd l< tajd úYd, jYfhka wd;;Skaf.ka msreKq (Stressful)
iajNdjhla .kS' fuysoS udkj wd;;S ;;a;ajhka wvq lr.ekSu
i`oyd wr.,j, kshef,kakd jQ mqoa.,hka fukau" jD;a;Suh yd
rdcldßuh .eg¨ iys; (Anxiety) " úIdofhka (depression) hq;=
fyda Bg iïnkaO .eg¨ iys; mqoa.,hka fukau wysñ njg md;%
ùu wka;¾ mqoa., iïnkaO;dj,oS u;=jk úúO m%Yak iy .eg¨
iys; fukau p¾hd wl%ñl;d iys; m%cdjla kQ;k iudc ;=< cSj;a
fjñka mj;S' idïm%odhsl iudchkays meje;s úia;D; mjq,a l%uh"
mq¿,a {d;s ikaOdkhka u.ska fun`ÿ ;;a;ajhkag ,lajk
mqoa.,hkag wjYH iydh ,enqk o j¾;udk iudc rgdj i,ld
n,k l, tu idïm%odhsl iudc rgdjg jvd yd;amiskau fjkia h'
tla w;lska j;auka iudch tf,i fjkia jk úg udkjhdf.a
wjYH;d" wruq K q yd ta j d idOkh lr.kq l% u fõo yd
hdka;%Khkayso fjkila olakg ,efí'
1980 miq Wodjk f,dal iudch ie,ls,a,g .;fyd;a th
fjk ljr hq.hlg;a jvd fjkia jQ iudchla f,i ie,lsh yels
h' —f.da,ShlD; iudchla˜ ks¾udKh ùu ;=< udkj Ôú;j,
ish¿ wxYhka msñ mksñka iS.% fjkilg ,laù we;' fï ksid
idïm%odhsl iudcj, meje;s wjjdo - wkqYdikd lsÍu" Tjoka oSu"
Wmfoia oSu jeks ld¾hhka muKla j;auka iudchg m%udKj;a
ke;' wfkla w;g —WmfoaYkh˜ hkak tn`ÿ ld¾hhka lsÍula o
fkdfõ' fï ksid 1980 ka miq Wodjk j;auka iudchg ms<s.;a

2
ud¾f.da m foa Y yd Wmfoa Y k fia j dj, wjYH;dj fjk
ljrodlgj;a jvd wjYH ù ;sfí' tys oS mqoa.,hskaf.a wOHdmk"
mjq,a yd újdyuh" jev mßirh iy ufkda idudÔh lafIa;% wdY%s;
.eg¨ tajd wod< mqoa.,hkag u úi`od .ekSug ta ;eke;a;kag u
wdOdr lsÍfï úêu;a l%uhla iys; úIh lafIa;%hla f,i
WmfoaYk ufkda úoHdj y`ÿkajd osh yels h'

WmfoaYkh w¾: oelaùu

WmfoaYkh ms<sn`o ;ks ks¾jpkhla bosßm;a lsÍu ÿIalr
ld¾hhls' tfiau WmfoaYkh ms<sn`o bosßm;aj we;s ks¾jpkhka"
WmfoaYk kHdhka iu`. iïnkaO nj m<uqj lsj hq;=j we;'
WmfoaYkh yd Wmfoia ,nd oSu" wjjdo lsÍu hk ixl,amj,
w¾:h tlsfklg fjkia jqjo idudkH Ndú;fha oS fïjd iudk
w¾:fhka fhfokq oelsh yels h' iuyrúg óg fya;= ù we;af;a
WmfoaYkh (Counselling) hk ixl,amfha úoHd;aul w¾:h
idudkH ck;dj fkdoek isàu úh yels h' tfiau fndfyda
YíofldaIj, "Counselling" hk bx.%Sis jpkhg oS ;sfnk w¾:h
ù we;af;a WmfoaYkh hk ixl,amfhka oelafjk úoHd;aul
^1&
w¾:h fkdjk ksid o úh yels h' tfia;a ke;fyd;a idudkH
Ôú;h ;=< ñksiqkag olakg ,efnk újdy WmfoaYljre" rcfha
mdie,aj, we;eï WmfoaYk .=rejrekaa" wdodhï nÿ WmfoaYljre"
jD;a;Sh WmfoaYljre yd kS;s WmfoaYljre hk mqoa.,hska lrkq
,nkafka o wjjdo oSu" Wmfoia ,ndoSu" Wmldr lsÍu hk
ld¾hhka ksid o úh yels h' fï wdoS lreKq fya;= fldg f.k
—WmfoaYkh˜ hk ixl,amfha w¾:h ksis mßos f;areï fkd.kakd
whqre olakg ,efí'^2& kuq;a —ufkda WmfoaYljrfhla˜ f,i
lghq;= lrkafkl= —WmfoaYkh˜ hk ixl,amfha w¾:h ksis mßos
f;areï .ekSug fhduq úh hq;= h' WmfoaYkh hkqfjka woyia
lrkqfha Wmfoia ,ndoSu fyda wjjdo wkqYdikd lsÍu hkak
fkdfõ' tkï ufkda WmfoaYljrfhlaf.a ld¾hh wjjdo

3
wkqYdikd lsÍu fyda Wmfoia ,nd oSu fyda Wmldr lsÍu fyda
fkdjk nj meyeos,sj f;areï .; hq;= h' tfia kï —WmfoaYkh˜
hk ixl,amh w¾: olajkqfha flfiaoehs fuysoS y`ÿkd .ekSu
wjYH fõ'

² —WmfoaYkh˜ ie,iSu meyeos,sj u hï l%uj;a"

Ydia;%Sh mqyqKqjla yd Bg wod<j mqyqKq l< YslaIKhla
iys;j isÿ l< hq;= iudc i;ald¾hhla fõ'^3&
² lsishï .eg¿jlg fyda isoaêhlg uqyqK oS we;s
mqoa.,fhl=g$lKavdhulg bka ksoyia ùug wod<
wNHka;ßl oelaula tu mqoa.,hd fyda lKavdhu
;=<ska u we;s fldg Tjqkaf.a Ôjk id¾:l;ajh ,`.d
lr .ekSug wjYH n,.ekaùu Tjqka ;=<ska u
WoaoSmkh lr .ekSug yd tajd m%dfhda.slj Ndú;fha
fhdod .ekSug iydh jk úúO l%u y`ÿkdf.k tajd
fiajd,dNshd úIfhys fhdod .ekSu WmfoaYkh f,i
^4&
w¾: oelaúh yels fõ'

by; w¾:l:k mÍlaId lr ne,Sfuka meyeos,s jk lreKq

lsysmhla my;ska kej;;a Tfí wjfndaOh msKsi wjOdrKh lrkq
,efí'
1' WmfoaYljrhd yuqjg meñfKkqfha hï isoaêhlg
fyda .eg¨jlg uqyqK oS we;s mqoa.,fhla fyda mqoa.,
lKavdhula nj"
2' tu .eg¨j fyda isoaêh WmfoaYljrhd úiska y`ÿkd
.ekSu yd úYaf,aIKh lsÍu l< hq;= nj"
3' tu mq o a . ,hdg fyda mq o a . , lKa v dhug wod<
.eg¨fjka $ isoaêfhka ksoyia ùug we;s leue;a;
ms<sn`o idOkSh is;=ú,a, WmfoaYljrhd wjfndaO
lr.; hq;= ùu"

4
4' wod< mq o a . ,hdg fyda mq o a . , lKa v dhug tu
.eg¨fjka" isoaêfhka ksoyia ùug wjYH Ôjk oelau
Tjqka ;=<skau u;= lr .ekSug wjYH úêl%u y`ÿkd
.ekSu"
5' tfia u;= lr.;a foa m%dfhda.slj Ndú;fha fhdod
.ekSug osYd.; lsÍu"
6' m%dfhda.sl fhdod.;a foaj, ;sridrNdjh ms<sn`oj
Wkkaÿ lsÍu hs'
^rEm igyka wxl 1'1&

.eg¨jla fyda isoaêhlg uqyqK

ÿka mqoa.,fhla fyda mqoa.,
lKavdhula

tu .eg¨j fyda isoaêh

WmfoaYljrhd úiska ksjerosj
y`ÿkd .ekSu yd úYaf,aIKh
WmfoaYkh w¾: oelaùu

tu .eg¨fjka fyda isoaêfhka

ksoyia ùug fiajd,dNshdg$
,dNSkag we;s leue;a; ms<sn`o
idOkSh is;=ú,a, y`ÿkd .ekSu

m%dfhda.slj Ndú;fha fhoSu

m%dfhda.slj Ndú; l, foaj,a ys

;sridr meje;au

5
² mqoa.,hkag fyda mqoa., lKavdhïj,g ish .eg¿ Tjqka
úiska u úi`od .ekSug wjYH yrj;a iydh ,nd oSfï
m%;sM,h f,i Tjqka úiska u i;=gqodhl ;SrKj,g t<öug
^5&
idrj;a iydhùu WmfoaYkh f,i w¾: oelaúh yels h'
² WmfoaYkh bf.kqu ^wOHdmkh& flfrys fhduq jQ
l%shdj,shla jk w;r hï ;eke;af;l=g ^fiajd ,dNsfhl=g&
;j;a ;eke;af;la ^úêu;a WmfoaYljrfhla& úiska mqoa.,
wka;¾ iïnkaO;d u; fiajd,dNSkag —;uka ms<sn`o˜ u;=
lr .ekSug ñ;%YS,s;ajh uqiq jQ iydhùula jkjd fukau
wjidkfha tu mqoa.,hkag M,odhl iudc Ôú;hla
^6&
mj;ajdf.k hdug iydhùula o fõ'

ufkda WmfoaYkh ms<sn`o w¾:l:k lsysmhla by;ska

bosßm;a l< w;r tu.ska fuu l%shdj,sfha iajNdjh ms<sn`oj Tng
hï wjfndaOhla ,nd .ekSug yelshdj ,enqKs' jir 2015 isg 2030
olajd ld,hg wkql+,j iuia; f,dalhg u wod<j ms<sfh, lr
we;s ;sridr ixj¾Ok wNsu;d¾: (SDGs) odyf;ka wxl 03
hgf;a olajkqfha o hym;a fi!LH ;;ajh yd hy Ôjk meje;auhs'
(Good health and well-being)' fuhska o meyeos,s jkqfha f,dal
ck;djf.au hym;a fi!LHhg i`oyd yd hym;a osú meje;au
i`oyd iydh úh yels l%shdj,shla f,i WmfoaYkh y`ÿkd.; yels
njhs'

WmfoaYljrhd w¾: oelaùu

by; w¾:l:k fol mÍlaId lsÍfï oS fmkS hkqfha
WmfoaYkh (Counseling) hkq iudcfha Ôj;ajk mqoa.,hka uqyqK
fokq ,nk isoaê fyda .eg¨j,oS bka ksoyiaùug;a im,odhl
iudc Ôú; mj;ajdf.k hEug;a wjYH iydhl;ajh hï kHdhsl
Ys,amSh l%u u.ska úuê;a f,i i,id fok l%shd,shla njhs' tysoS
fuu ld¾hfha fhfokakd WmfoaYljrhd (Counselor) f,i

6
ye`oskafjk w;r Tyq ish fiajd,dNSkag (Client) wjjdo fokafkl=
fkdfõ' tfukau ;u Ôjk oelau fyda woyia úYajdi fiajd,dNshd
u; n,y;aldrfhka megùug fm<fUkafkl= o fkdúh hq;=u h'
tfiau —WmfoaYljrhd˜ ;uka ish,a, o;a mqoa.,fhl= fkdj
;jÿrg;a bf.kqï l%shdj,sfha fhfok" ukd iudc iïnkaO;d
cd,hla iys ; ;u jeros ks j eros lr .ekS u g ;rï
kuHYS,s;ajhlska hq;=" w.;s.dó fkdjk" wjYH fõ kï wka
;eke;af;laf.ka iydh ,nd .ekSug leu;s" jvd;a ñ;%YS,s yd
fiajd,dNSkaf.a ryiHNdjh 100] lau iqrlsk yd udkj ys;jdoS
;eke;af;l= úh hq;= h' tfiau WmfoaYljrhka —WmfoaYk
l=i,;d˜ j,ska (Counseling Skills) iukaú; —jD;a;Sh wdpdr
O¾u˜ ix.%yhg (Professional Code of Ethics) wkql+,j lghq;=
^7&
lrk mqoa.,hka úh hq;= h' ^fuh 1953 jif¾ oS m<uqjrg m%ldY
lrk ,oS&' oshqKq rgj, jD;a;Sh WmfoaYk ld¾hfha fhfokakkag
wjYH ms < s . ekS u yd ,s h dmos x Ñl;a j h ,nd fok ms < s . ;a
l%ufõohka iys; úêu;a jD;a;Sh ix.ï ia:dms; lr ;sfí' kuq;a
Y%S ,xldfõ tjekakla ieliSu flfrys rdcHuh ueosy;aùu
;ju;a olakg fkd,efí' —WmfoaYkh˜ furg iudchg o b;du;a
wjYHu fohlaj mj;soaoS;a ta ms<sn`oj fujeks ysveila furfgys
ks¾udKh ù ;sîu olakg ,efí'

jD;a;Sh WmfoaYljrhdg wod< yr we.hqï

—jD;a;Sh WmfoaYljreka˜ hkq ksis Ydia;%d,Sh l%ufõo
hgf;a YslaIKh ,enQ yd bka miqj m%dfhda.sl mqyqKq ld,h
iïmQ¾K lrk ,o iy úúOu;aj Bg wod< wdh;kj, ,shdmosxÑ ù
n,m;%,dNsfhla njg m;ajkafkl= fõ' ñka fmro i`oyka lr we;s
mßos ngysr rgj, jD;a;Sh WmfoaYljreka mqyqKq lsÍu" Tjqkag
wod< m%dfhda.sl mqyqKqj ,nd oSu yd th wëlaIKhg ,la lsÍu"
jD;a;Sh WmfoaYljreka rcfha ,shdmosxÑ lr .ekSu wdoS ld¾hhka
i`oyd úêu;a l%%ufõo ilid ;sfí' kuq;a Y%S ,xldj ;=< rdcHh

7
u.ska tnÿ l%ufõohka fï olajd f.dvk.d ke;' tfia fyhska YS%
,xldfõ jD;a;Sh WmfoaYljreka hk lafIa;%h .eg¨ldÍ fohla
njg m;aj we;' kuq;a furg ;=< úêu;a f,i Ydia;S%h wOHhkh
yd mqyqKqj ,enQ - weußldkq ufkdaúoHd WmfoaYk ix.ufha wdpdr
O¾uhkag wkql+,j ^iajlSh úkhla iys;j& ish jD;a;Sh lghq;=
lrk WmfoaYljreka o isà' ta w;r wfkla ´kEu jD;a;shl fuka
tfia fkdjk ;eke;a;ka o jD;a;Sh WmfoaYljreka f,i fmkS
isàu Y%S ,xldj ;=< o olakg we;' Bg fya;= ù we;af;a tn`ÿ
mqoa.,hka kS;sh bosßhg m;a lsÍug fyda Tjqkaf.a lghq;= fidhd
ne,Sug wod< úêu;a wêldÍka furg ;=< ia:dms; fkdùuhs' fï
ksid ;uka úiska u ;uka jD;a;Suh ufkda WmfoaYljreka f,i
kï lr.;a we;eï jxpksl mqoa.,hka o WmfoaYk jD;a;sfha
kshe,Su Y%S ,xldj ;=< olakg ,efí' tfia kuq;a idudkH f,i
ms<s.;a fldkafoais wkqj rgj,a lsysmhlska ,nd.;a wka;¾cd,
f;dr;=re mokï lrf.k jD;a;Sh WmfoaYljrfhla ùug wod<
yr we.hqï lsysmhla fuu lD;sh mßYS,kh lrkakkaf.a oek
.ekSu i`oyd my;ska bosßm;a lr we;' ta wkqj tu yr moaO;Skag
wkql+, wh jD;a;Sh WmfoaYljrfhla f,i ms<s.kq ,eîu
idudkH l%ufõohhs' bka uq,a wxl yh u.ska WmfoaYljrfhla ùu
i`oyd w;HjYH jk w;r wxl 7-10 olajd lreKq bka miq j¾Okh
i`oyd h'

1' jD;a;Sh ufkda WmfoaYljrfhla ùug wjYH m<uq mokï

lreK iudcfha ish¨ u uÜgïj, mqoa.,hska iu. lghq;=
lsÍu fõ' ^fiajdodhlhska iu. tlg jev lsÍfï mqyqKqj
,nd .ekSu ñka wfmalaId flf¾&'
2' ufkda WmfoaYkh kï úIh lafIa;%hg wod<j uQ,sl Wmdêh
iïmQ¾K lsÍu ^fï i`oyd moku f,i iy;sl m;% mdGud,d"
ämaf,daud mdGud,d yd Wiia ämaf,daud mdGud,d yodrñka
uQ,sl Wmdêh iïmQ¾K lsÍu isÿ l< yels h&'

8
3' ufkda WmfoaYkh kï úIh lafIa;%fhka mYapd;a Wmdê
iqÿiqlï iïmQ¾K lsÍu ^Ydia;%m;s" o¾Ykm;s" o¾YkY+Í wdoS
f,i&'
4' iSud jdisl mqyqKqj ,nd .ekSu ^fï i`oyd rcfha n,m;%,dNS
ufkda WmfoaYljrfhla hgf;a wjqreÿ foll iSudjdisl
mqyqKqjla ,nd .ekSu l< hq;=h&'
5' ufkda WmfoaYljrfhla f,i ,shdmosxÑ ùu i`oyd rcfha
m<d;a no wdh;kfhka b,a¨ï lsÍu'
6' by; miajeks lreKq imqrd we;akï cd;sl uÜgfï ufkda
WmfoaYljrfhla f,i ,shdmosxÑ ùug rcfhka b,a,d
isàu'
7' ;u lafIa;%h ;=< lghq;= lrk úúO wdldrfha WmfoaYk yd
ufkda Ñls;ail jD;a;slhkaf.a WmfoaYk yd ufkda
Ñls;ail ffY,Ska wOHhkh lsÍu iy Tjqka iu`. hym;a
iudc yd jD;a;Sh wka;¾ iïnkaO;d cd,hla kv;a;= lsÍu'
8' ksrka;rfhka iajlSh kHdhsl oekqu yd l=i,;d uqjy;a lr
.ekSu yd w¨;a lr .ekSu'
9' lsheùfï ld¾hfha ksr; ùu yd úIhg wod< jevuq¿"
iïuka ; % K i`oyd iyNd.s ; a j h iy iudcdNs j ¾Ok
ld¾hhla f,i ^uqo,a u;u fkdj& ;u jD;a;Sh ms<sn`oj
is;Su yd lghq;= lsÍu fukau wod< ksrka;r wNHdi lsÍu
yd tajd kv;a;= lsÍu'
10' fCIa;%h ;=< lghq;= lrk iudcdNsj¾Olhska (Social
Workers) ud¾f.damfoaYlhska" ufkda Ñls;ailhska" hkdoS
úúO mqoa.,hka iu`. ukd wka;¾ iïnkaO;d meje;aùu'
jD;a;Sh WmfoaYljrfhla f,i ms<s.kq ,eîu i`oyd wjYH
jk by; lreKq oyhg wu;rj weußldkq WmfoaYk ix.uh
(APA) úiska WmfoaYk fiajdfõ jD;a;Sh wdpdr O¾u yd iïuq;Ska
^13&
ms<sfh< lr .ekSug Wkkaÿ ù we;' Tng o wka;¾cd,hg msúi
tu wdpdr O¾u ms<sn`oj wjfndaOh mq¿,a lr.; yels h'^14&

9
ufkda WmfoaYkh yd ufkda Ñls;aidj
Y%S ,dxlSh ikao¾Nh ;=< WmfoaYkh iy ufkda Ñls;aidj
^ffjoH m%;sldruh WmfoaYkh& tlsfklg fndfyda fia ÿria
jD;a;Sh lafIa;% f,i ls%hd;aul jkafka hehs m%ldY l<fyd;a
ksjerosh' WmfoaYkh ffjoH fkdjk lafIa;% tkï idudÔh úoHd
fCI;% iu. ne`ÿkq jD;a;Shfõohla jk úg ufkda Ñls;aidj ngysr
ffjoH úoHd fCI;%h iu. Rcq f,iu iïnkaO fõ' Tjqkaf.a
m%:u Wmdêh MBBS jk w;r mYapd;a Wmdê ufkdaúoHd lafIa;%h
iïnkaOfhks' fï ksid YS% ,xldfõ ufkda Ñlsia;ilhska yd
ufkda WmfoaYljreka f,i l%shdlrkakka w;r Yla;su;a yd
M,odhS jD;a;Suh wka;¾ iïnkaO;d mj;skafka ke;s ;rï h'
ufkda Ñls;ailhska ufkda WmfoaYljrekaf.a ld¾hh ,>q lr
^9&
ie,lSu olakg ,efí' tfia kuq;a furg ufkda WmfoaYlhska
f,i lghq;= lrkakka ffjoHuh ufkda Ñls;ailhska iu`.
jD;a;Suh wka;¾ iïnkaO;d meje;aùug leue;a;la olajkq
fmfka' kuq;a ngysr ffjoH úoHd fCIa;%h ;=< l%shd;aul ufkda
Ñls;ailhska fmkajd fokafka Y%S ,xldj ;=< ufkda WmfoaYlhska
mqyqKq lsÍfï yd ,shdmosxÑ lsÍfï l%uj;a YslaIKfõohla yd
wdh;k jevms<sfj,la fkdue;s fyhska oekg furfÜ ufkda
WmfoaYljreka f,i l%shd;aul jk wh iu. ;u jD;a;slhka ksis
wka;¾ iïnkaO;d f.dvk.df.k fkdue;s njhs' tfia kuq;a
ngysr ffjoH úoHd fCIa;%hg iïnkaO ufkda Ñls;ailhska
furfÜ ufkda WmfoaYljreka iu`. jD;a;Sh iïnkaO;d
f.dvk.d .ekSu kï lreK ms<sn`oj oeä wkuH m%;sm;a;shl
msysgd fkdue;s nj o fmfka' fuu jD;a;Sh fCI;% fol ksis mßos
hd l< yels úêu;a Ydia;%d,hSh yd mßmd,kuh l%ufõohl
wjYH;dj fuysoS u;= ù fmfka' ulaksidoh;a fiajd,dNSkag
m%Yia; fiajdjla ,nd .ekSug kï fuu fomsßi tl;=j lghq;=
lsÍfï wjYH;dj f,dal uÜgñka mjd ms<s.;a fohla ùuhs'

10
 rEm igyka wxl 1'2
ufkda Ñls;ail yd ufkda WmfoaYkh w;r iïnkaO;dj

ffjoH ngysr iudc

ufkda Ñls;ail m¾fhaIKd.dr ufkda úoHdj

ffjoH fkdjk ngysr ffjoH

ufkda WmfoaYl
m¾fhaIKd.dr úoHdj

uq,a ld,Sk ngysr ufkda úoHdj" iudc ufkdaúoHdj ms<sn`oj

i,ld n,k l< tu úIh lafIa;%hkaf.a ixj¾Okh i`oyd l%shd
lr we;s wh w;r ffjoHuh lafIa;% yd iïnkaê; wh olakg
,efí' m%lg WodyrKhla f,i" is.aukaâ f*%dhsâ oelaúh yels h'
tneúka uq,a ld,Sk w¾:fhka i,ld n,k l< ufkda Ñls;aidj yd
ufkda WmfoaYkh w;r wka;¾ iïnkaO;d y`ÿkd .; yels h'
fuu jD;a;Sh fCIa;% folu ngysr úoHd mqkreo hq.fha isg
j¾Okh ù we;s fyhsks' iajdNdúl úoHd yd iudÔh úoHd jYfhka
fnÿï f¾Ld fkd;snqKq" uq,a hq.fha fuu úoHd fCIa;%hka udkj
iudcfha m%.ukh fjkqfjka tluq;=j lghq;= lr ;sfí' kuq;a
miqld,Skj fuu úoHd fCIa;% iajdëk f,i ueosß.; jkqfha
jvd;a m%Yia; fiajdjla iudch yd tys m%cdj fjkqfjka iemhSu
Wfoid h' kuq;a tu fnoSu we;eï úg krl wka;hla lrd ;,a¨ ù
hdula o y`ÿkd .; yels h' ffjoHuh úI Odrd úiska ffjoHuh
fkdjk úIh Odrd wdka;sl f,i ie,lSu;a" wêm;sjdoS f,i l%shd

11
lsÍu;a olakg ,efí' fuu ;;a;ajh ufkda- iudÔh WmfoaYkh
wjYH fiajd,dNSkaf.a md¾Yjfhka i,ld n,k l, Tjqkag
wjdisodhl fõ' tfia kuq;a ufkda WmfoaYlhska yd ufkda
Ñls;ailhska hk fomd¾Yjh u l%shd lrkqfha ngysr kHdh yd
wdlD;s iy m%fõY u;h ^fn!oaO WmfoaYkh fkdie,l+ úg&'
kuq;a fuu fomsßi w;r úIh fCIa;% yd jD;a;Suh iajNdjh
mokï lr .ksñka ÿria jD;a;Sh iïnkaO;djhla ks¾udKh ù
mj;S'

by; olajk ,o WmfoaYkh $ WmfoaYljrhd (Counselling

/ Counsellor) iy ufkda Ñls;aidj - ihsfld f;rms$ ufkda
Ñls;ailhska - ffjoH m%;sldruh WmfoaYlhska ihsfld
f;rmsiaÜ (Psychotherophy/Psychotheropist) hk ixl,amj,
w¾:h o Tn oek isáh hq;=h' fïjd w¾: oelaùu b;d wmyiq
ld¾hhla f,i ie,fla' fïjd tlsfklg fjkia f,i lrkq
,nk w¾: oelaùï fukau fïjd tlsfklg iïnkaO njg lrkq
,nk w¾: oelaùï tysoS Tng y`ÿkd.; yelsh'^10& fiajdodhlfhla
$ fiajdodhlhka iy WmfoaYljrfhla fyda ufkda f;rmsiaÜ
flfkl= w;r isÿjkq ,nk wka;¾ iïnkaO;d WmfoaYkh yd
ihs f ld f;rms ;= < ola k g ,efí' fuu l% s h dj,s f ha oS
fiajdodhlhdg$fiajdodlhskag Tjqkaf.a udkisl fyda ufkda
.eg¨$ixisoaê fyda yeisÍï rgdj, .eg¨ i`oyd ne`ÿkq úúO ufkda
WmfoaYk t<Uqï fuu fofokd úiska u Ndú;hg .kq ,nhs' tkï
fiajd,dNshd$fiajd,dNSka úIfha tl u wdldrfha l%uYs,am (Same
set of teachiques) fuu fofokd úiska u fhdod .kq ,efí' kuq;a
ñg m%;smlaIj woyia olajkakka lshd isákqfha WmfoaYkh
wOHdmksl yd f;dr;=re iemhsfï l%shdj,shla jk úg ihsfld
^11&
f;rms hkak myiqlï iemhsfï l%shdj,shla (Facilitative) njhs'
tfiau fuu fomd¾Yjh w;r ;j;a fjkila f,i ihsfld

12
f;rmsiaÜ fyj;a ufkda Ñls;alhska wdfrda.HYd,djl ish fiajh
imhk úg WmfoaYlhska mdi,l fyda fjk;a wOHdmk WmfoaYk
wdh;khl ^wdh;khl fyda fjk;a iqÿiq ia:dkhl /`os ish
fiajh fiajdodhlhska fjkqfjka imhkq ,efí' fï wkqj ufkda
Ñls;ail ld¾hh ffjoH úoHd lafIa;%hka (Medical Settings)
iu`. iïnkaO jk úg WmfoaYkh iucdNsj¾Ok ld¾h
fCIa ; % h ka g (Social-work Setting) iïnka O l% s h dj,s h ls '
we,afâßhka iy ia;%Sjdos kHdhsl m%fõY úiska o ufkda Ñls;ail
jD;a;sfha iy WmfoaYk jD;a;sfha we;s we;eï mriamr;d fmkajd
oS ;sfí' ffjoHuh ;;a;ajhla u; msysgd frda.shd (Patient) foi
ne,Su ufkda Ñls;aidj ;=< nyq,j u isÿjkakla fõ' kuq;a
WmfoaYkh ;=<oS nyq,j u isÿjkqfha fiajd,dNshd (Client) foi
n,kqfha wOHdmksl yd iudc fiajd ;;a;ajhka (Educational and
social service settings) u;h' kuq;a j¾;udkh jk úg fuu
ufkda Ñls;ail jD;a;Sh yd WmfoaYk jD;a;sh we;=,; wka;¾
fjkialï rdYshla isÿj we;s w;r jD;a;ska folla f,i fjk
fjk u lghq;= lrkjd fjkqjg fuu fol tlsfklg iïnkaO ú
udkjhdf.a yd udkj iudcfha m%.ukh fjkqfjka lghq;= l<
hq;=h hk —udkj ys;jdos oelau˜ (Humanitarian View) fmrg ú;a
;sfí' WodyrKhla jYfhka ngysr ffjoH úoHd m%;sldr ;=<ska
muKla fkdj idys;H l,dj" ix.S;h udOH lr.ksñka ufkda
WmfoaYkfha kshe¨k ngysr ufkda Ñls;ailhska ms<sn`o WodyrK
mj;S' ksoiqka f,i fkdfn,a ;Hd.,dNS c¾uksfha Wmka wm%sldkq
ffjoH we,anÜ iajhsÜi¾ (Albert Schweitzer 1875-1985) ufkda
ffjoH m%;sldrj,g w;sf¾lj ix.S; m%;sldr l%uh (Music
Therapy) fhdodf.k ;sîu oelaúh yels h^12&
(ww.pri.org>stories>historical).

13
 wka; igyka

01' Yío fldaIj, Counseling hk bx.%Sis jpkh i`oyd tkï WmfoaYkh

hk moh i`oyd oS we;s w¾:hka lsysmhls' tkï wjjdo fokjd"
u.fmkajkjd" ks¾foaY lsÍu" Wkkaÿ lrkjd " wdhdpkh" n,lrkjd"
;rjgq lrkjd" Tjd fokjd" wk;=re y`.jkjd hkqfjks'

02' fmf¾rd" m%ikak lu,aisß ^2018&' - WmfoaYk l=i,;d i`oyd m%dfhda.sl

oekqu" fld<U ( úfÊiQßh .%ka: flakaøh'

03' Feltham, Colin and Ian Horton (2012) The Sage Handbook of
Counselling and Psychotherapy, Delhi, Sage Publication, Available at
http://books.goole.lk
04' www.unesco.org

05' Keeran, Daniel (2016) Counselling in a Book : Help for common Life
Problems, Available at https:// www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webser?and
06' http://ww.counselling.org>about.aca
07' isxyf,ka lshùug n,kak ( fmf¾rd" m%ikak lu,aisß ^2014& weußldkq
WmfoaYk ix.ufha wdpdr O¾u ix.%yh " fldÜgdj ( idr m%ldYk'
08' tu
09' iïuqL idlÉPd " 2018

10' Sharf, R.S. (2012). Theories of Psychotherapy and Counselling,

USA:Books/Cole.Available at www.cengage.com
11' Corsini R.J (2008). Introduction, In R.J. Corsini and D.Weddings (eds),
Current psychotherapies, (8th ed., pp1-14). Belmont, CA : Books
/Cole-Cengage.
12' ch;=x." rejka tï' ^2003& m%;sldrd;aul WmfoaYkh" fld<U ( úfÊiQßh
.%ka: flakaøh'
13' by; wka; igyka wxl 07 n,kak'

14' https://www.apa.org>ethics>code-2017

14

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