VISTA 2016 2D/3D

Quick User Reference for 3D Noise Attenuation – CADZOW3D

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Outline

• Introduction

• User Interface

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• Main Module Parameters

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• Application

• Conclusions
Introduction
What is the issue? INPUT
Noise characterized by anomalous amplitudes, such as marine
swell, rig, and ship noise, culture noise, etc…, is removed from
seismic data by transforming the seismic data into the

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frequency domain and then applying a spatial median filter.

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For each frequency slice, amplitudes that deviate from the
median amplitude (outliers) by a specified threshold are scaled.

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OUTPUT
The median amplitude is analyzed within a 3D window (x,y,t)
for an user specified data frequency range (min. & max.
frequencies).

The outliers are determined by an user provided threshold and

target noise frequency range (min. & max. frequencies).
Introduction

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The data should have all the

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shot, shot_line, recv_station,
receiver_line headers
properly filled.

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The noise attenuation
algorithm takes the geometry
info from these headers.

Cadzow3D can be tuned for a wide variety of noise types to remove amplitude
outliers, it also has a white noise attenuation capability.
 User Interface
General Parameters
• Set up the 3D window (x_traces, y_traces, t_ms)
to be used in the median amplitude filter.
• Provide the useful data frequency range
• Anomalous amplitudes are determined by the
user provided Median Threshold within the
Frequency Range specified (Min. & Max.
Frequency).
• A set amount of Outliers (Max. Outliers to
Process) are attenuated within the Window
Length (traces).
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• Select the Process White Noise process if you
also want the white noise attenuation to be
applied(Cadzow or Fxy), otherwise only
amplitude outliers will be attenuated.
Main Module Parameters
Median Threshold

Amplitude values higher than the corresponding

frequency-domain median filter value times the Median
Threshold will be treated as outliers.

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You may select how many traces (Window Length) to use
in the analysis and how many outliers to process within
that window (Max. Outliers to Process).

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Ideally we want to attenuate the anomalous amplitudes
but do not touch what we consider data. So pick a
threshold value that reflects that.
Main Module Parameters
Median Threshold (MT)
Input MT:2

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The bigger the

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Median Threshold
the weaker is the
MT:4 MT:8 attenuation.

MT requires
testing.
Main Module Parameters
Window Length & Max. Outliers to Process

Amplitude values higher than the corresponding

frequency-domain median filter value times the Median
Threshold will be treated as outliers.

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You may select how many traces (Window Length) to use
in the analysis and how many outliers to process within
that window (Max. Outliers to Process).

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Ideally we want to attenuate the anomalous amplitudes
but do not touch what we consider data. So pick a
threshold value that reflects that.
Main Module Parameters
Window Length (WL)
Input WL:5 The bigger the WL the
stronger appears the
attenuation.

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Adjusting the MAX

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OUTLIERS TO PROCESS
within the window appears
to help in the attenuation

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process.

Treat the WL parameters as

WL:10 WL:20 the same parameter for an
FXY procedure, longer
windows gather more data
and can harm strong
dipping events.

WL requires testing.
 Main Module Parameters
Max. Outliers to Process (MOtP)
WL:20 MOtP:2 WL:20 MOtP:10

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Results of
changing the

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MOtP from 2 to 10
for the same
Difference Window Length
Adjusting the MOtP allows the user to increase the
attenuation process within the selected Window Length.

MOtP requires testing.

Main Module Parameters
Rank Ratio

Cadzow3D module allows not only for removing amplitude

outliers but for White Noise Attenuation also.

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The Rank Ratio parameter ranges from 0 to 1, i.e. White
Noise removal from harsh (1) to no noise removal (0).

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Rank Ratio works only when the White Noise option is ON.
In this case Amplitude Outliers will be removed and White
Noise Attenuation is also applied.

White Noise attenuation can be implemented in both

algorithms Cadzow and Fxy.

Always QC the difference between the input and the white

noise attenuation for evidence of useful signal
attenuation.
Main Module Parameters
Rank Ratio (RR)
Input Outliers ONLY
Always QC the
difference

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between the
input and the
white noise

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attenuation for
Outliers + White Noise Outliers + White Noise evidence of
useful signal
attenuation

RR:0.25 RR:0.75 – Strong, for display purposes

Main Module Parameters
Internal Mute

Sometimes is useful to limit the application of the outlier

to a certain area of the data.

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A mute function based on a velocity and a set time shift
can be used for this purpose.

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The outlier procedure will be applied only on the area
covered by the internal mute.
Main Module Parameters
Internal Mute (IM)
Input IM:2600 m/s

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The outlier
procedure will be

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applied only on
IM:2800 m/s the area covered
by the internal
mute.
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Using Cadzow3D in a cascade mode
Application
Application
Using Cadzow3D in a cascade mode
Input Pass 1

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Pass 2 Pass 3
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Difference
Output
Input
Application
Conclusions

Cadzow3D can be used in a cascade mode, i. e. several passes can be applied with different
parameters. Make sure that the WHITE NOISE option is applied ONLY for the last pass to avoid

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affecting useful data.

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Cadzow3D is recommended to be applied by sorting the data into several order modes (shot
order, receiver order and cross spread order) to maximize its outliers filtering capabilities.

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