MEDT 11: Histology (Laboratory)

MODULE 5: SPECIAL CONNECTIVE TISSUE – BONE AND CARTILAGE

OVERVIEW

Learning Outcomes

After the completion of this module, you will be able to:

1. Explain the differences between the various types of bone and cartilage.
2. Describe and identify the histological structure of the various types of bone and
cartilage.

Time Allotment:
• 180 minutes

LEARNING MATERIALS

References
1. Cui, D. (2011). Atlas of Histology with Functional & Clinical Correlations. Lippincott
Williams and Wilkins
2. Gonzales, E. (2014). Esteban and Gonzales’ Textbook of Histology. C & E Publishing
Inc.
3. Ross, M. H. & Pawlina, W. (2011). Histology a Text and Atlas with Correlated Cell
and Molecular Biology. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins

Virtual Histology Laboratory / Virtual Histology Slide Collections

1. http://histologyguide.com/
2. https://epithelium3d.com/
3. http://histology.oucreate.com/Outline/ contents.html
4. http://leeshistology.com/
5. https://histology.medicine.umich.edu/full-slide-list

LEARNING PROCESS

It is recommended that you follow the order of the various learning activities as listed here to
ensure optimal learning process. Nonetheless, you may modify according to your style of
learning.

Introduction

Cartilage and bone are specialized connective tissues that provide support to other tissues and
organs. Cartilage occurs where flexibility is required, while bone resists deformation.

Virtual Histology Lab

Read the discussions and view the slides in “Chapter 5 – Cartilage and Bone” in the virtual
histology lab set up by the Histology Guide. The said lesson is accessible through this link:
http://histologyguide.com/slidebox/05-cartilage-and-bone.html

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 MEDT 11: Histology (Laboratory)
MODULE 5: SPECIAL CONNECTIVE TISSUE – BONE AND CARTILAGE

Focus your viewing on the following slides:

1. MH 136 Trachea
2. MH 046 Hyaline Articular Cartilage
3. MH 038-039 Epiglottis
4. VH 040 Ear
5. MH 040 Intervertebral Disc
6. MH 043 Cancellous and Compact Bone
7. MH 045 Bone
8. MH 044 Ground bone
9. MHS 202 Ground bone
10. MHS 233 Ground bone

To further familiarize yourself with the appearance various connective tissues, open the
“Connective Tissue” section of the Virtual Histology Laboratory by the University of
Oklahoma. Except for the slide for the osteoclast, take note that viewing of this site for this
module is not necessary for this module; nonetheless, it is highly recommended. The said
lesson is accessible through these links: http://histology.oucreate.com/Outline/cartilage.html
http://histology.oucreate.com/Outline/bone.html#cells

1. Bone – Osteoclast – Slide 16

NOTE: It is not yet necessary to know the names of the specific organs and tissues in
studying this topic. What is important is you will be able to learn how to recognize the
different variations of the connective tissue.

Assignment

Use the guide questions to summarize your learnings on concepts. Take note that you do
not need to pass anything for this assignment. Instead, you must answer the assignment
assessment questions which are based on these guide questions.

Guide Questions:
1. Describe the structure and function of cartilages and bone.
2. Differentiate types of cartilage in terms of cells present, content of the matrix,
presence of perichondrium, and presence of blood vessels or nerves:
a. Hyaline cartilage
i. Differentiate hyaline cartilage from articular cartilage.
b. Elastic cartilage
c. Fibrocartilage
3. What is the perichondrium? Describe its layers.
4. Differentiate types of bone in terms of structure and location:
a. Spongy/Cancellous/ Trabecular
b. Compact
5. Describe and identify the structures of the compact bone:
a. Osteon/Haversian system
b. Haversian canal
c. Volkmann’s canal
d. Lamellae
i. Haversian lamellae
ii. Outer and inner circumferential lamellae
iii. Interstitial lamellae

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 MEDT 11: Histology (Laboratory)
MODULE 5: SPECIAL CONNECTIVE TISSUE – BONE AND CARTILAGE

e. Lacunae
f. Cement line
g. Osteocytes
h. Osteoblasts
i. Osteoclasts

Supplementary Activities

If you have extra time, you are encouraged to visit the other websites in the learning
materials. This is not required for the course, but they will help you expand your
understanding of the topic.

Research

If you have additional time, you may search for other labelled images of histological slides to
practice the identification of the different structures of cartilage and bone.

OUTPUTS AND EVALUATION

1. In Google Classroom, engage in healthy discussions with your classmates by asking

and/or answering questions.
2. Answer assignment assessment no. 3. You may refer to your learning materials for
this activity. Make sure you answered the guide questions in the assignment to be
able to do well with this activity. Once opened, you have 30 minutes to answer this
assessment. Deadline of submission is on March 19, 2021 at 12NN.
3. After completing both module 4 and 5, do exercise no. 4. You may refer to your
learning materials for this activity. Once opened, you have 45 minutes to answer this
assessment. Deadline of submission is on March 19, 2021 at 12NN.
4. After completing module 4 and 5, and when you are ready, answer quiz no. 4. Take
note that you are NOT allowed to open any reference or supplementary material
answering quizzes. Once opened, you have 15 minutes to answer this exercise.
Deadline of submission is on March 19, 2021 12NN. However, it is recommended
that you answer this as well as the assignment assessment and exercise once you
are done with module 3 so that your requirements will not stack up prior to the
deadline.
5. Review this topic occasionally to prepare you for the examination.

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