Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Rev.1 - 05/2010
Drillmec SpA
Drilling Technologies
INDEX
1. introduction.introduction
. ......................................................................................................................5
1.1 SCOPE OF DOCUMENTS.................................................................................................................................. 5
1.2 DOCUMENTATIONS OF REFERENCE.............................................................................................................. 5
1.3 ABBREVIATED TERMS AND DEFINITIONS..................................................................................................... 5
1.4 QUALIFICATIONS OF NEW OR USED RIGS.................................................................................................... 7
1.5 EQUIPMENT ...................................................................................................................................................... 7
1.6 VISUAL INSPECTION......................................................................................................................................... 8
1.7 INSPECTIONS BY MAGNETIC PARTICLES TESTING................................................................................... 11
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1. introduction
1.1 SCOPE OF DOCUMENTS
Define procedures for inspection, repair and maintenance of equipments, tools and overall structure of the rig, in
order to preserve the max efficiency.
The objective of this document is to give guidelines and establish recommended procedures for inspection, mainte-
nance and repair of items of the rig HH102 in order to maintain the serviceability of this equipment.
The type and extension of examinations are selected based on static calculation, FEM model analysis, previous expe-
riences on similar rigs and applications to individualize the critical stressed area with greater probability of failures.
Circular imperfections or circular visible marks: Are those imperfections or visible marks that have a circular or elliptical
shape with a length greater than three times the width.
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Fatigue Cracking: All castings and forgings that are used for lifting equipment may have pre-existing defects in the
manufacturing process. This cracking can grow during cyclic loading, leading to fracture and fail at strength below
the specified minimum yield stress for the alloy.
Fracture for fragility or friability: This type of failure is sudden and occurs due to the impact / load fast team with a
toughness or tenacity inadequate. This problem is especially at low temperatures. The brittle fracture can also occur
in warmer climates, problems of cast or forged inherently friable because of the tracer elements contained in the
composition of the alloy. the equipment o the rig may become brittle due to improper heat treatment
Hardness and Toughness: Is the total energy absorbed by a material before reaching the break, due to accumulation
of dislocations
Inspection: Inspection is defined as the comparison of equipment conformity to predetermined standards, followed
by a determination of action required, if any.
Longitudinal imperfections or longitudinal visible marks: Are those imperfections or visible marks that have a
length greater than three times the width.
NDT: It is called Non-Destructive Testing to any test carried out to a material that does not alter permanently its phy-
sical, chemical, mechanical or dimensional. Non-destructive tests involve imperceptible or no damage.
Tensile Failure by overload: It is a rare type of failure, which occurs when loading the equipment o the rig effort beyond
the minimum specified final tensor for alloy casting or forging.
Wearing: The wear of the bearing surfaces can cause misalignment of the team and concentrate efforts to failure by
over-strength.
This document suggests users to establish written procedures for inspection, maintenance and repair of each item of
equipment or may utilize the written recommendations here.
If Drillmec’s program is incomplete in any item, the user should develop inspection, maintenance and repair procedures
using the applicable API recommended practices and specifications.
Users can find more information about inspection programs on the API or IADC standards.
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The description of the equipment used by Drillmec is shown through documentation that the client receives for analy-
sis. It supports and certifies that all equipment meets the requirements of API Specification 8A or 8C-PSL 1 or 2 (ex-
cluding wire rope and derricks / mast). In this documentation is included the entire history of the rig. It also provides
documentation on inspections arranged in this document (minimum).
Any new manufacturing equipment meets API Specification 8C (PSL1).
The lifting equipment is qualified before any drilling or completion operation.
Any team that can provide documentation in compliance with the above API specifications, are tested in accordance
with Supplementary Requirement SR1 API Specification 8C or equivalent, through a non-destructive testing.
The drilling cable and other cables meet the requirements sets in API Specification 9A, and in this procedure.
The modifications / repairs by welding on the mast, substructure and structural should compliance with the standard
API Spec 4F. It provides documentation of compliance with inspection requirements and relevant specification, as
indicated in this document.
This documentation package includes a complete set of working drawings as-built, which contain material specifications
for the entire process. In the event that this package of documentation is incomplete, it’s necessary to make any of
the following procedures to verify compliance with API allowed efforts and others, established by the AISC:
• Review documented the manufacturer’s design package by an independent registered professional engine-
er.
• Perform field measurements of the structure and connections, with finites elements analysis (FEA). This is
not recommended, unless you can identify all the variations of structural material
material
1.5 EQUIPMENT
STRENGTH POINTS: Defined the stress points for hydraulic equipment and its main components (mast, top drive,
carrier, substructure and pipe racks) are presented in “Checks with five years frequency” section and in accordance
with the recommendations for each of the points, the visual inspections and tests are scheduled according to the rate
defined by this document.
Inspection, maintenance and repairs program should be carried out by a person who has an appropriate certificate,
professional standing, or by knowledge, training and experience, who has successfully demonstrated the ability to solve
problems related to the work or subject. Inspectors should be familiar with the type of equipment to be evaluated.
Welder Performance Qualifications: Welders on drilling rig and mast repairs shall be certified in accordance with
AWS D1.1 or equivalent and should have experience in mast maintenance. All welding completed should be in ac-
cordance with the requirements of AWS D1.1 or equivalent.
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Visual Inspection is the primary means for determining the condition of the structure. It should be performed by, or
under the direction of, a personnel as defined previously on category IV inspections personnel qualifications.
Dirt and debris must be removed to permit visual to observation and precise measurements.
Careful visual inspection should be supplemented with appropriate special equipment and techniques. Use of mir-
rors will increase visual access to many components. Sketches, photographs and video cameras should be used as
required to record significant or unusual details.
If, as a result of the visual inspection, there is any reason to believe that damage exists at a connection then complete
inspection of the suspected connection should be performed.
The damage’s presence or absence should be recorded in “Checks with five years frequency” and visual field inspection
forms, which will allow later interpretation of the conditions, assessment of its severity and the types of repair which
may be warranted. Severe damage should be documented with photographs. Records should include a sketch of the
connection and locations of any significant non-conforming or damage conditions noted.
The presence or absence of the following conditions should be recorded for each inspected connection:
a) Deviations from Construction Documents or Specifications
b) Deformation in Structural Members
c) Cracked surface on Structural Members and Welding
d) Corrosion
Inspection acceptance criteria for repairs and modifications shall be based on the API 4G Recommended Practice
guidelines.
Repair welding shall be performed using approved welding procedures by welders qualified to perform those specific
welding procedures.
Components displaying deviations, as listed below, shall be reported and considered for repair/replacement.
Deviation from Construction Document or Specifications: Any modification from the original construction document
should be done under the Drillmec approval for material and method. The missing of bolts, pins, members or safety
key should be checked/recorded and a procedure for substitution have to be followed.
Deformation in Structural members: Components displaying deviations as listed below shall be reported and con-
sidered for repair/replacement.
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Cracked surface on Structural Members and Welding: Crack is a linear fracture in the steel. Cracks are mainly
produced due to fatigue and can, under certain conditions, lead to a brittle fracture. Brittle Fracture is a complete crack
through the component that usually occurs without prior warning or plastic deformation.
Cracks caused by fatigue usually occur at point of tensile stress concentrations, at welded attachments or at termi-
nation point of welds.
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Cracks may also be caused or aggravated by overloading the structure, or loss of section resistance due to corro-
sion.
Bolted or riveted connection can also develop fatigue cracking and should be investigated.
For painted structures, breaks in the paint accompanied by rust staining indicate the possible existence of a fatigue
crack. If a crack is suspected, the area should be cleaned and a close-up visual inspection should be performed. Ad-
ditionally, further testing such as dye penetrant can be done to identify the crack and to determine its extent. If fatigue
cracks are discovered, inspection of all similar fatigue details is recommended.
Cracks that are parallel with the direction of the stress are usually less serious then those perpendiculars to the di-
rection of the stress. In either case, cracks in steel should be generally considered serious, because a parallel crack
may, for a number of reason, turn into a perpendicular crack.
Therefore, no severity description for cracks is given and any crack shall be considered unacceptable, regardless the
size and the location as per code AWS D1.1.
In the pictures below other examples of typical cracks in welded structures.
Corrosion: The most recognizable type of steel deterioration is corrosion. The cause, location, and extent of the cor-
rosion need to be recorded. This information can be used for rating analysis of the member and for taking preventive
measures to minimize further deterioration. Section loss due to corrosion can be reported as a percentage of the
original cross section of a component. The corrosion section loss is calculated by multiplying the width of the member
and the depth of the defect. The depth of the defect can be measured using a straightedge ruler or caliper.
Corrosion damaging reducing the cross-sectional area of the member of more than 10% should be considered for
repair. Corroded area should be abrasive blasted or mechanically cleaned to sound metal, evaluated and repaired
by one of the following method:
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This document considers the method of examination by magnetic particles, applied to forgings, plates, sheets, rods,
castings, welding, and it is designed to detect surface discontinuities in ferromagnetic products as well as:
• Streaks
• Porosity
• Cracks
• Shrugs
• Laminations
• Unexpected Couplers
• Any visible damage
Equipment Preparation: Remove grease, dirt and surface rust. Always remove the paint (this is critical), with paint
the inspection does not make sense. The not machined paint surface is removed by sandblasting (no metal). The
requirements for disarmament are specified in the relevant sections.
Examination Area: As a reference for the review of welds, the area will be inspected at least 25 mm wide on both
sides.
In order to examine an area, it is cleaned from heat treatment products, grease, oil, paint thick or any other substance
to which the magnetic particles can adhere.
Magnetic Particle Testing: For the purposes of testing by the method of magnetized particles requires the partici-
pation of inspectors of NDT, ASNT Certified Technician Level II or equivalent. This is contracted as a service from a
company with proven expertise to ensure the ability of its inspectors.
Imperfections or visible marks are those that are larger than 1.6 mm. None of these is seen as irrelevant although
does not cause surface defects. Even if it is deemed irrelevant, must be removed and the area re-examined to verify
that it has been removed.
Every surface to be examined must be free of:
• Longitudinal imperfections or visible marks
• Circular imperfections or visible marks, which are greater than 4.7 mm
• Four or more circular imperfections or visible marks on a separate line for 1.5 mm or less
In summary, all welded surfaces must be free of blemishes or marks. Also all welds must be free of:
• Circular imperfections or visible marks which are greater than 3 mm in welds with thickness under 16 mm
• Circular imperfections or visible marks which are greater than 4.7 mm in thickness welds larger than 16
mm.
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Controls to execute
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C13
C13
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substructure - carrier
Frequency controls - see table Scheduled Preventive Maintenance
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TIGHTENERS
NOTE: LOCKING LIFT THE CARRIER are three in total, two side and one front, with the addition that are similar,
the anchor points are framed in the previous figures. Then, on a generic figure details the points and modes of in-
spection.
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DRILL FLOOR
TOP VIEW
EXAMPLE W39
EXAMPLE W40
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SIDE VIEW
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SIDE VIEW
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jib crane
Frequency controls - see table Scheduled Preventive Maintenance
C41 X X Inspection of the pulley at the Jib Crane using wet magnetic particles.
Dimensional control of the perimeter channel to run the wire
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W91
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DETAIL W100
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double hook
Simultaneously run controls to those of top drive
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torque wrench
Simultaneously run controls to those of top drive
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SIDE VIEW
W165
W165
FRONT VIEW
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CROWN BLOCK
Frequency controls - see table Scheduled Preventive Maintenance
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SEMITRAILER - STABILIZERS
Frequency controls - see table Scheduled Preventive Maintenance
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SEMITRAILER - STABILIZERS
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