TITLE: Television-Based Instruction for Grade 8 - Science

TOPIC: Potential Energy and Kinetic Energy

SEGMENT: Science 8
LENGTH: 30 minutes
TV ANCHOR: Corazon Ma. M. Muñoz
SCRIPT WRITERS: Corazon Ma. M. Muñoz

MELC: Identify and explain the factors that affect potential and kinetic energy.
(MELC Week 2-3)
LESSON OBJECTIVE:
1. Identify the factors that affect potential and kinetic energy; and
2. Explain how it affects potential and kinetic energy.

VIDEO AUDIO
OBB
Program ID
PROGRAM INTRO
Anchor A pleasant day to you our dear learners of Catbalogan City Division!

Anchor Welcome to our third episode for Grade 8 Science. I will again be your
learning companion for today, Teacher Heart.

Anchor I hope you have module with you for we are about to discover more
new learning today. Let us try to focus and enjoy the rest of the session!

Supported with screencast of Today, we will focus on two forms of energy, namely, potential energy
PPT and kinetic energy. You will learn to identify and explain the factors
that affect potential and kinetic energy. To be able to achieve this
competency, we need to identify the factors that affect potential and
kinetic energy and explain how it affects potential and kinetic energy.
Anchor
Let us continue our learning journey!

Supported with screencast of
PPT, simulation and video
(Show videos then elaborate)
What is common in all the shown situations? For example, an object
lifted to a certain height using a rope, elevated the object from the
ground, or a hammer struck on a nail that was placed on a piece of
wood, pushed the nail into the wood, even a toy car’s key was twisted,
placed on the floor and started to move. In all of these actions, forces
acting on the objects are doing work.

An object requires energy to do work. Consider two objects A and B

Supported with screencast of
PPT, simulation and video
that are about to interact with each other. When object A is pushed, an
applied force is doing work on it. Object A possesses kinetic energy
while moving towards a stationary object B. In this situation, object A
loses energy while object B gains energy. When this happens, energy is
transferred from object A to object B. This indicates that any object that
has energy can do work.

Supported with screencast of
PPT, simulation and video
Energy is the ability or capacity to do work. Its unit is the same as the
unit of work, expressed in joule (J) in the SI system. One (1) J is the
energy needed to accomplish one (1) joule of work. A larger unit of
energy called kilojoule (kJ) is sometimes used. One (1) kJ is equal
to1000 J.

Anchor To familiarize you with words that are associated to the concept of
energy, please do Activity 1. Energy Crossword puzzle on Page 6 of
your science 8 week 3 module. You can do this after we are done with
Page 1 of 4

INFOMERCIAL
(How to keep safe amidst the
pandemic)
SIYENSYASKWELA
Prog ID
LESSON PROPER
Anchor
Supported with screencast of
PPT, simulation and video
Supported with screencast of
PPT, simulation and video
Supported with screencast of
PPT, simulation and video
Supported with screencast of
PPT, simulation and video
Supported with screencast of
PPT, simulation and video
Supported with screencast of
PPT, simulation and video
our session. Before we continue, let us first watch these few reminders
on how to stay safe during the pandemic from the Johns Hopkins
Children’s Center.
Welcome back!
At this point turn your module to page 7 and let us first talk about
Potential Energy.
If a man is lifting a box from the ground to a table, which or who is
doing work? Is it the table, the box, or the man? Yes, you are correct!
The man is doing work on the box. Specifically, the force he applied
while lifting is doing work on the box. What is the direction of the force
exerted by the man on the box? What is the direction of the motion of
the box? Yes, both are directed upward. Work, as discussed earlier, is a
way to transmit energy. Hence, when the man exerted force in lifting the
box, he loses energy. Work is done on the box, and the box gains
energy.
You have learned that force of gravity is the force exerted by the Earth
on all things. It is always directed downward or towards the center of
the Earth. Consequently, when an object is raised from the Earth, the
force exerted in lifting the object is equal to its weight,
F=Weight=mg (omit narration of formula)
(weight is equal to the mass of the object multiplied by the gravitational
force)
The work done in lifting the object is:
W =Fd (omit narration of formula)
(equal to force multiplied by displacement)
where, the displacement (d) is the height (h) the object is raised. Thus,
the work done in lifting the object against the gravitational force is
given by the following equation, work is equal to mass multiplied by
gravity multiplied by height.
W =mgh(omit narration of formula)
The work performed in lifting an object is equal to the potential energy
the object gains. An object absorbs energy when lifted from the ground
and when allowed to fall, it loses energy. The energy that the body gains
or losses with respect to its position is called potential energy (PE) and
is given by the following equation
PE = mgh
where:
PE is the potential energy in joules (J);
m is the object's mass in kilograms (kg);
g is the acceleration due to gravity which is 9.8 m/s²; and
h is the height of the object from the reference point (example
given is from the ground), expressed in meters (m).
Are you with me so far? That’s good!
Now let us talk about Kinetic Energy.
What is common in the following situations? A running athlete on the
track, a flowing water on the ground, a falling coconut from its tree, a
Page 2 of 4

Supported with screencast of
PPT, simulation and video
Supported with screencast of
PPT, simulation and video
Supported with screencast of
PPT, simulation and video
Anchor
SUMMARY OF DAY’S
LESSON
Short pause
Anchor
Supported with screencast of
PPT and video
Supported with screencast of
PPT and video
Supported with screencast of
PPT and video
rolling rock on the seashore, and a soaring airplane into the air. They are
all moving and are acted upon by forces. Any object that moves
possesses energy and can do work. An object that moves quicker can do
more work than an identical object that moves slowly. How much
energy does a moving object possess? We say that the kinetic energy of
an object moving at a certain speed is equal to the work done to make it
acquire that speed.
The energy of a moving object is called energy of motion or kinetic
energy (KE). The word kinetic comes from the Greek word kinetikos
which means moving. Kinetic energy measures the amount of work the
object can do because of its motion.
This can be computed using the formula:
KE = ½ mv²
where: KE is the kinetic energy in joule (J),
m is the object's mass in kilogram (kg), and
v is the object's speed in meter per second (m/s).
From the formula, we can understand that the kinetic energy of an
object depends on its mass and speed. What will happen to the KE of an
object if its mass is doubled but the speed remains the same? The KE of
an object is also doubled. How about if the speed is doubled but the
mass remains the same? The KE of an object increases four times. This
means that the greater the mass, the greater the kinetic energy; and the
faster the speed the higher the kinetic energy as well.
To better understand the lesson you can do the simple activities in the
WHAT’S MORE portion of your module on pages 9 to 12 after we are
done with the session. If you need clarification on the concept you may
contact your subject teacher or adviser for direct supervision. Their
contact information is listed on your school’s directory page.
At this point, let us review what we have learned so far. Let us watch
this video for a recap of our lesson.
(show video of explanation of PE and KE)
To sum it up, energy is the ability to do work, kinetic energy is moving
energy, while potential energy is stored energy.
The key terms to remember are the following:
PE is the potential energy in joules (J);
KE is the kinetic energy in joule (J)
m is the object's mass in kilograms (kg);
g is the acceleration due to gravity which is 9.8 m/s²; and
h is the height of the object from the reference point (example
given is from the ground), expressed in meters (m)
v is the object's speed in meter per second (m/s).
The equation used to get potential energy is PE = mgh, while the
equation for kinetic energy is KE = ½ mv².
Let us try to have some practice activities to help you compute for
Page 3 of 4
 Potential and Kinetic energy. After we are done with our session, kindly
do the activities on the What’s More part of your module on pages 9-12.
Doing these activities will help you better understand the concept of
Kinetic and Potential Energies.

QUIZ/STUDENTS’
PARTICIPATION

Anchor At this point we are near the end of today’s session. But before I say
goodbye let us first test if you remembered what you learned today.

Anchor Identify whether the objects in the given situations possess Potential
Energy or Kinetic Energy.

1. Bird flying - KE
Supported with screencast of 2. Log in a fireplace - PE
PPT and simulation 3. Watermelon on a desk - PE
4. Car travelling on the highway - KE
5. Car sitting in a driveway - PE
6. Bunch of coconut stick on a table - PE
7. Ball bouncing on the floor - KE
8. Child jumping on his bed - KE
9. Child sleeping on the crib - PE
10. Marble rolling down the ramp – KE

Anchor I hope that you have answered most, if not all, correctly. If you were not
able to, you can go back to your module to review the lesson. You may
also contact your subject teacher or adviser for clarifications and/or
direct supervision.

CLOSING BILLBOARD/
ANNOUNCEMENTS/EXTRO
Anchor
Now we have reached the end of our session. It has been a wonderful
time being with you our dear learners. I hope you had a happy and
interesting learning experience. See you again in our next episode for
new learning opportunities

Anchor I am your learning companion for today, Teacher Heart.

We heal as One, We Learn as One through BAYANIHANDS.

Page 4 of 4