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a&mufcJhygw,f? xdkuGefysLwmrlb0jzifh udk;ESpfrQ &SifoefcJhNyD; ,ck
ykHESdyfb0odkY a&mufcJh&ygw,f/ rdwåLul;,lokH;pGJolrsm; tqifajy
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rdrdwkdY ÓPftxl;eJY aygif;ul;um BudK;pm;Edkif&ifawmh awmfawmf
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zdk;pE´m0&-udk owd&rdygw,f? a&Trif;[efausmif;uyg/ OD;olawmf
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tydkif;av; olYrSm&Sdw,f/
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0&u toHomomeJY ]]e*&ó orDyH Oye*&H-NrdKU\ teD;? NrdKU
teD;}}[k atmfaeawmh\/ 'geJY rdrdu ]][Jh OD;olawmf e*&ó
orDyH-vdkY b,frSmygvdkYvJ}}[k ar;vnf;ar;? olUpmtkyfudkvnf;
,lMunfhrdvdkufygw,f? pmtkyfrSm rifeJYvdkufaw;xm;wJh 0gusawG
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vm&rnfhpm r[kwfao;bl;? txufwef;awGa&mufrS avhvm&
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awG;rdcJhygw,f/ ajymcJhwJh OD;olawmfav; a&SUydkif;a&mufvmcJhNyD/
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rdrdtaeeJYu q&mpm;csefcJhwm r[kwfygbl;? uav;wdkY&JU
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omrdcJhwmaygh/ olUt&G,feJYol ÓPfusufpm;cGifhudk zefwD;ay;&
ygw,f/ xdkÓPfusufpm;cGifhudk zsufovdkrsKd;jzpfapwJh apwem
rsKd;awGudkvnf; owdxm; a&Smif&Sm;oifhw,faygh/
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tck ]]tmcsmwfusOf;}}vdkY qdkonfhtwdkif; vdk&if;om ñTefjy
ygonf? pmydk'fcwf&müvnf; tNidrfoufqkH;jzpfatmif owdxm;
cJhygonf/ {u0kpfwpfvkH;wnf; jyqdk&mü xkH;pHtwdkif; tqkH;0,f
( / )ESpfydk'fcwf? {u0kpf A[k0kpf ESpfrsKd;pOfjy&mü {u0kpftqkH;0,f
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ykHpHwkdYü¤if; atmufaumfrm( ç )udk okH;cJhygonf/
,kHMunfrIaMumifh xkwfa0jzpf
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rwm pwfrwm? o'wfwmrS pwfwmrnf? pwfwm&ifvnf; ap;
r&mygeJY? ap;&m&if apmygvdrfhrnf}}qdkwJh pum;av;yg? tck rdrd
taeeJY ]]pwfwm}}vdkY ]]ap;&mcJhwm}} r[kwfayrJh ]]apmyg}}rSmudk
awmh pdk;&drfrdcJhwm trSefyg? olYtwef;eJYol tH0ifcGifus uspfuspf
vpfvpf tokH;wnfhrnfh pmwpfck jzpfçrjzpf pOf;pm;NyD;rSom
xkwfa0cJhygw,f/ rdrdudk,fwdkifvnf; tokH;csMunfhcJhygw,f? vrf;
ñTefcsufaumif;udkom ay;EdkifcJhr,fqdk&if tusKd;jzpfxGef;vdrfhr,f
vdkY ,kHMunfrdonfhtwGuf tck xkwfa0jzpfcJhygw,f? xdk,kHMunf
csufu rrSefcJh&ifvnf; þpmapmifi,f tvQiftjref uG,f&pf
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wwf rjzpfbl;? t&SdefMoZm vmbfvmbawmh &Sdvmvdrfhr,f}}vdkY
rdrdawG;rdovdk tmabmfazmfrdvdkufygw,f/
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qifh rSmcsifygw,f? ]]MoZm*kPftwGuf pmar;yGJrajzbJ? ynm*kPf
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 = rmwdum =

1/ um&d, 1
2/ *dPk ;f &Sp*f P
kd ;f ESihf qdik &f mokwf 3
3/ bl0g'*d Pdu"mwfav;rsK;d 3
4/ wdumvHt& umvok;H yg;ESihf 0dbwf 5
5/ wdum&uHEiS hf 0dbwf 5
6/ wdum&uHEiS hf 0du&Pypön;f oufow k f 6
7/ 0wårmemypöKyÜaEé ü 0wårmem[laom-
a,m*0dbm* 6
8/ tmPwsmoda| Ekwu å mav yOörD 7
9/ tEkrwdy&duyÜaw¬ok owårD 8
10/ rma,ma* oAÁumav p 8
11/ tem*aw b0dóEÅüd b0dóEÅ[ d al om-
a,m*0dbm* 9
12/ tmcsmwf0dbwfrluGJrsm; 10
13/ tur®u "mwfrsm;udk pOfcidk ;f cJah omf 10
14/ tur®u"mwfrsm; 11
15/ uHESpfck&Sdaom"mwfrsm; 11
16/ 'dGur®u"mwfEiS hf uHa[m0gusrsm; 12
17/ tm'do'´grsm; 12
18/ "mwGwu ¬ kd owdjyKygt;Hk 13
19/ o'´gpnf;urf;ESihf ygVad wmf 16
20/ um&dwyf pön;f ESihf uHa[m0gusrsm; 17
21/ um&dw0f gusukd ok'0¨ gustjzpf ajymif;ykH 18
22/ rjym;ç 0kw-å t0kww å nf; 18
23/ bm0½kyüf uwåm;ç uH 20
 =c=
24/ ur®uwåK½kyf 21
25/ um&dwf(a[wk)½kyfrsm;ESifhpyfírSwfzG,f 22
(1)bl0g'd*Pdu
26/ bl"mwf ? 0wårmef0b
d wf 24
27/ yOörD0dbwf 26
28/ owårD0dbwf 26
29/ ya&mu©m0dbwf 26
30/ [d,sweå D 0dbwf 29
31/ tZÆweD 0dbwf 29
32/ b0dóEdÅ0dbwf 30
33/ umvmwdywåd0dbwf 31
34/ *rk"mwf ? 0wårmef0b
d wf 31
35/ yOörD0dbwf 33
36/ owårD0dbwf 33
37/ ya&mu©m0dbwf 34
38/ [d,sweå D 0dbwf 35
39/ tZÆweD 0dbwf 35
40/ b0dóEdÅ0dbwf 37
41/ umvmwdywåd0dbwf 37
42/ u&"mwf ? 0wårmef0b d wf 38
43/ £ þ vm&m XmecGJ 40
44/ &ZÆu
H ma&wd-ü uma&wd udk ok'u ¨ wåK½yk v
f yk yf kH 40
45/ yOörD0dbwf 40
46/ owårD0dbwf 41
 = *=

47/ ya&mu©m0dbwf 42
48/ [d,sweå D 0dbwf 43
49/ tZÆweD 0dbwf 44
50/ b0dóEdÅ0dbwf 45
51/ umvmwdywåd0dbwf 47
52/ yp-ygau 47
53/ £u©-'óeauFok 48
54/ £ok-£pämuEÅdok 48
55/ ax-o'´ oCFmawok 47
56/ ,rk-Oy&ar 49
57/ &rkç &r-uDVm,H 49
58/ tmo-Oya0oae 49
59/ vb-vmab 50
60/ 0p-0d,wåd,H 0gpm,H 51
61/ 0o-ed0gao 52
62/ ½k'-tók0darmpae 53
63/ 0[-ygyaP 53
64/ uko-tauúmao 53
65/ Z&-0a,m[medrdS 53
66/ r&-ygPpma* 54
67/ 'do-ayu©ae 54
68/ o'-0do&P*wsm0omaeok 56
69/ ,Z-a'0ylZmo*Fwu d &P'gaeo
eok 56
70/ oZç oZÆ-vmb odÍeö oa*Fok 56
71/ 0'-0d,wå, d H 0gpm,H 57
 =C=
72/ 0'¨-0'¨aeç 'dwdå aq'e yl&aPok 0g 57
73/ urk-y'0dau©ay 57
74/ pv-urÜe 57
75/ 'v-'vae 57
76/ cv-oÍö, pvaeokç aomapa,s 0g 58
77/ aps-pdEÅm,H 58
78/ '[-'g[ "m&aPok 59
79/ wk'-Asxae 59
80/ y-0do-ya0oae 59
81/ Ek'-acay 60
82/ 'do-twdoZÆae 60
83/ vdc-avcae 60
84/ zko-oræaó 60
85/ [l-owåm,H 61
86/ bl-owåm,H 62
87/ £-*wd tZÑm,e £päm o'´[aeok 62
88/ od-oa, 64
89/ oD-oa, *wd okóaeok 64
90/ eD-ea, 65
91/ erkç er-ere &a0ok 65
92/ Xm-*wded0wådrSd 65
93/ yg-ygae 66
94/ to-bk0d 66
95/ jAL-0d,wåd,H 0gpm,H 68
96/ [e-[ðom*wdok 69
 = i=
97/ [k-'gem'e[Asy'Ü gaeok 70
98/ [m-pma* 70
99/ pZ-pma* 71
100/ 'g-'gae 71
101/ "m-"m&aP 72
102/ o&-pdEÅm,H 73
103/ b&-"m&P aygoaeok 74
104/ 0dZD-b, pvaeok 74
105/ [&-[&aP 74
106/ [o-[oe oa'´ok 75
107/ tudç tuF tHu-*wd vu©aPok 75
108/ p&-p&aP 76
109/ cdy-tAswo å a'´ç ay&aP 0g 76
110/ t'-bu©e &u©aPok 76
111/ cg'-bu©aP 77
112/ cEk-t0'g&aP 77
113/ yw-*wd,H £óa& 0g 77
114/ t,-*wd,H 77
115/ okc-wH Bu, d m,H 78
116/ pD0-tm'geoH0a&ok 'dw, då H 0g 79
(2)½k"m'd*Pdu
117/ ½k"-tm0&aP 79
118/ qd'-d 'd"G mu&aP 79
119/ bd'-d 0d'g&aP 80
 = p=
120/ ,kZ-a,ma* 80
121/ bkZ-ygveAs0[m&aPok 80
122/ rkp-armpae 80
(3)'d0g'd*Pdu
123/ 'd0-k uDVm /y/ *wDok 81
124/ udvo d -Oywmy rvdaeok 81
125/ eo-emao 0auF 0g 82
126/ y'-*wdrdS 82
127/ Ak"-t0*rae 82
128/ ,k"-orÜ[ma& 82
129/ uk"-aumay 82
130/ 0d'-wmVae 82
131/ 0dp-0da0au 82
132/ e[-AE¨ae 83
133/ re-ÓaP 83
134/ 'g-tm'gae 83
135/ wko-yDwdrSd 83
136/ ork-Oyoar 83
137/ uky-aumay 83
138/ Ze-Zeae 83
139/ wm-ygvae 84
140/ te-ygPZD0aeok 84
141/ 0g-*wdAE¨*aE¨ok 84
 =q=
(4)oGm'd*Pdu
142/ ok-o0aP 85
143/ [d-*wdrSd 85
144/ 0k-oH0&aP 86
145/ &m"-edymæ 'ae 86
146/ rd-yau©ay 86
147/ ty-ygykPae 87
148/ ou-owdårSd 87
(5)ud,m'd*Pdu
149/ uD-'AÁ0dedra, 87
150/ Zd-Za, 88
151/ pd-pa, 88
152/ Ó-t0aAm"ae 89
153/ rm-rmae 91
154/ vl-aq'ae 91
155/ "l("k)-urÜae 91
156/ yk-y0ae *wd,H 0g 91
157/ od-ao0 *wd 0k'oD¨ k 92
158/ yko-aygoae 92
(6)*[m'd*Pdu
159/ *[-Oyg'gae 93
(7)wem'd*Pdu
160/ wEk-0dw¬ma& 94
 = Z=
(8)pk&m'd*Pdu
161/ pk&-axa,s 94
162/ pdEÅ-pdEÅm,H 94
163/ rE¦-*kwåbmoae 94
164/ ygv-&u©ae 94
165/ C#-C#ae 95
166/ 0d'-ÓaP 95
167/ 'rk-'rae 95
168/ *P-ocFsmae 95
169/ Úy-awmoe edomaeok 95
170/ 0PÖ-0PÖBu, d m 0dwm¬ & *kP0paeok 96
171/ *v-t'ae o0ae 96
172/ "mwkyÜpö,EÅe, 96
173/ "mwk½ly½kyfrsm; 98
174/ "mwkyÜpö,aemif um&dwfypönf; xyfoufEkdifykH 99
175/ emrfu "mwfjzpfí tmcsmwf0b d wf
oufEikd jf cif; taMumif; 99
176/ "mwk½yl ac: jcif;taMumif; 99
177/ rEÅav; ouso[ D tmcsmwf*P kd ;f pOf -
ykpmä a[mif; rsm; 100
 earm wó b*0awm t&[awm or®morÁK'¨ó
t,rmcsmwoacFayg
um&d,- um&d,onf "mwfum&d,ç ypönf;um&d,ç 0dbwf
um&d,-[k okH;rsKd;&SdEdkif\? xdkwGif "mwfum&d, ponfü
vnf; qdik &f m "mwfponfüom&aom um&d,ç "mwftm;
vkH;ESifhqdkifonfh um&d, ponfjzifh ESpfrsKd;pD&SdEdkifayonf?
xdu k m&d,rsm;udk qdik &f mokwpf Of? okwef uft& odatmif
vkyx f m;yg/
,ypö,ç aESmif;u'DCm
ykpH H- ol,wd ponf/
ya&mu©maMumifçh tAÇmr[kç *rk'C D m
ykHpH- Z*gr ponf/
emypö,ç oHa,m*aMumifçh &ójyKvwf
ykpH -H vkemwdç udemwdç 'ówd ponf/
[d,s ZÆwf tmç þOKrmS ukçd &ómjyK&
ykpH H- t*rç t*rdç t*rkç t*rdrS ponf/
aESmif;tZÆaMumifçh *rudk *g
ykpH -H tZÑ*g ponf/
pärmS um; Í ä
ykpH -H t*ÍD ä ponf/
[d,s w¬uçkd xwpfv;Hk om
ykpH -H wkarS tb0x ponf/
2

tZÆtmrSmç a'Gbmw¬jyK
ykpH -H t*rD,dw¬ç t*päD,dw¬ ponf/
wd rd wk rdç {,s {,smodç {,smrd {,sçH &Spw f ef {jyK
ykpH -H b0wdç ba0 ponf/
odç x 0dbwfwu Ykd v
kd nf; *gxmt&mü {jyKao;onf
[k qdk\/
*½kyAk çÁ &óaemuf&çdS tEÅd taEÅç þESpaf xGç
a&vnf;jyKownf;
ykpH -H *päEÅdç *päa& ponf/
wdç awç tEÅKç {,sç rme wdkYudkvnf; ]a&} jyKao;
onf[k qdk\/
qk;H aó tEÅç {udk t rSwf
umvmwdywåd aó\tpdwf {udk tjyKonf/
ykpH -H tb0daóç tb0dó ponf/
[d,s ZÆwf Moç jyKavm tç £
ykpH -H tba0gç tb0ç tb0d ponf/
jAL wd tm[ç aemufwd tjyKç tEÅd Ownf;
ykpH -H tm[-qdk\? tm[k-qdkukef\/
ESpcf {k Moç ya&mo&ç aus&jrw J Hk
{,sKpH üç {,svnf;ausç csKw Ud av0,fç ,svnf; acsvwf
ykpH -H 0aZÆEÅd a[mEÅd? 0aZÆ,sKH 0ZÆKH? 0ZÆmodç 0ZÆmxç 'ZÆH
ponf/
 3
w¬EiS hf rSmaMumifçh Ovm&bdç tp&Su
d kd
ykpH -H t*rkw t*rkrSm ponf/
[d,swf tvmç £vm y bç tZf um 'Gç
ok;H 0 <uif;rvm
ykpH -H tb0g? Abl0w d ç¬ b0dówd? tb0dwç¬ tb0dóm/
*dP
k ;f &Sp*f P
kd ;f ESihf qdik &f mokwf
(aqmif) bl ½k 'd oGmç uD *[mç wem pk&m'd /
1/ bl0g'd*kdPf;/ bl0g'dawm t/ b0wd ponf/
bl0g'dawm t jzifh typönf;udk uwåm;a[m oAÁ
"mwf0dbwfaESmif;&müom ouf&rnf? tjcm;ae&mrsm;ü
rouf&/ ½l/
bl0g'*d Pdu"mwfav;rsK;d
(aqmif) Zka[mwsm'dç [l0g'd[kç 0k'¨draoGç aemufae tomç
ausaumif;&m\? 0k'¨djyKjim;ç rxif&Sm;onfhç b0wdESifhç
wk'wdtpç ypönf;trSmç raus&may? xdkraus tç {jyKrS
um;ç vGefenf;yg;onfç vdkufjim; 00w¬d0gaMumifhwnf;/
1/ 0k't d¨ jyKv;Hk 0r&Sad omç 0k'jd¨ yKaomfvnf; xd0k 'k t
d¨ jyK
rxif&mS ;aom(0k'jd¨ yKaomum&d, ajymif;oGm;aom) t0k'd¨
ubl0g'd*Pdu"mwf/
ykpH -H b0wdç vbwd ponf/
2/ wk'g'd*Pdu"mwf/ ykpH H-wk'wd ponf/
3/ 0k't
d¨ jyK txift&Sm;&Sad om o0k'u d¨ bl0g'd*Pdu
"mwf? [l0g'd*Pdu"mwf[kvnf; qdk\/
4
ykpH -H tEkabmwdç a[mwd ponf/
4/ Zka[mwsm'd*Pdu"mwf/
ykHpH- Zka[mwd ponf/
3-4 bl0g'd*Pdu"mwfaemif avmyaÍöwr¬ uma&m
okwfjzifh tjrJ tudkacs&onf/
1-2 bl0g'd*Pdu"mwfaemif typönf;udk racs&?
1-aemif typönf;udk 0duyf{jyKyg/
2/ ½k"m'd*P
dk ;f / ½k"m'dawm ed*[
¾ w
D ykAÍÁ /ö ½kEw
¨ çd okrw
Ç d
ponf/ po'´gjzifh £ç þç {ç Mo ypönf;rsm;vnf;ouf/
3/ 'd0g'd*kdPf;/ 'd0g'dawm a,m/ OyÜZÆwdç tmyZÆwd
ponf/
4/ oGm'd*kdPf;/ oGm'dawm Pk Pm OPm p/
okaPmwdç okPmwdç ygykPmwd ponf/
þoGm'd*dkPf;ü tyç ou paom taeuó&
"mwfaemif OPmypönf;om oufí Pkç Pmypönf;wdkY
rouf&[k o'´eDwdowfrSwfonf/
ok paom {uó&"mwfaemifvnf; Pkç Pm ypön;f
omoufí OPmypönf; rouf&[k owfrSwfoifhonf/
(½lbm#D-2? 353)
5/ ud,m'd*kdPf;/ ud,m'dawm em/
udemwdç Zdemwd ponf/
6/ *[m'd*kdPf;/ *[m'dawm yÜ PSm/
 5
aCyÜwdç *PSmwd ponf/
7/ wem'd*dkPf;/ wem'dawm Mo ,d&m/
oauúmwdç waemwd ponf/
þwem'd*kdPf;ü ]]u&awm 0g,H ,d&yÜpöa,m}}[l
aom ½lpum;t& ,d&ypön;f udk u&"mwfaemifom oufyg/
8/ pk&m'd*P kd ;f / pk&m'dawm aP P,m/
apma&wdç apm&,wd ponf/
wdumvHt& umvok;H yg;ESihf 0dbwf
1/ ypöKyÜEéumvdu0dbwf/ 0wårmefç yÍörDç owårD /
2/ tem*wumvdu0dbwf/ b0dóEÅD0dbwf /
3/ twDwumvdu0dbwf/ ya&mu©mç [d,sweå çD tZÆweDç
umvmwdywå/d
*gxm= yÍörD owårD 0wå-rmem orÜwd em*aw?
b0dóEÅD ya&mu©m'Dç pwaóm wDwumvdum/
½l-285/
wpfenf;= twDwmem*wumvdu0dbwf/
umvmwdywå0d b d wf/
wdum&uHEiS hf 0dbwf
1/ uwåKum&u-twåaemyk'fç y&óyk'f ESpfrsKd;vkH; ouf
Edik o
f nf/
2/ ur®um&u-twåaemyk'f aemufajcmufv;Hk om ouf&
rnf? twåaemyk'fukdvnf; y&óyk'fjyefEdkifonf/
6

3/ bm0um&u-twåaemyk'çf yXryk&o d çf {u0kpf wpfv;Hk

wnf;om ouf&rnf/
(aqmif) uwåm; uHa&mç t0kawåmç abma[m0gusyk'f/
yk&dofyXrç {u0kpfrQç ½lyod'¨dxkwf/
wdum&uHEiS hf 0du&Pypön;f oufow k f
1/ uwåKum&u-bl0g'dawm t rS pí wem'dawm Mo
,d&m okwfwdkifatmif ckepf*kdPf;wdkYü oufaom 0du&P
ypön;f wko Yd nf uwåm;teufuo kd m a[muke\ f ? xdyk pön;f
wduYk kd rsm;aom;tm;jzifh uwåm;a[m½kyw f üYkd om ouf&\/
rdeD,wd(rm-em-,-aw)? rdeD,wd 'd0aom {awemwd-
rm(oD#Dopf-2? 12)ponf tenf;i,faom ur®½kyfwkdYü
om 0du&Pypönf;udk awGU&\/
pk&m'dawm aP P,m-um; abmç uHç uwåm;
okH;rsKd;vkH;wdkYü oufEdkif\/
2/ ur®ç bm0um&u-bm0uar®ok a,m okwfjzifh ,
ypön;f oufyg/
wóp0*¾okwfç £0PÖm*arm 0gç ykAÁ½lyÍöç twå
aemy'ged bma0p ur®edç 0p0o0[m'De paomokwfç
[0dy&d,a,m avm 0gç ,rSd 'g"mrmXm-paom okwfç
,Zóm'doDç twåaemy'ged y&óy'w¬H okwf ponf
wdkYjzifh pD&ifyg/
0wårmemypöKyaÜ Eé ü 0wårmem[laom a,m*0dbm*
(aqmif) ,m0 yk&mç yka&ygrlç edpöomwnf;? u'g u&[dç
 7

aum ,SOfbduç rSwfbd0duyfç uð,SOfpyfvQif;ç &vkdjcif;ygç

Bu,
d m0,fç tem*wfeufç 0wårmefouf\? wpfcsuf {uefç
t0óHbm0dç ted,rwfç þokH;&yfvnf;ç oufvwf
0wårmefç eDwdMuHonfç usrf;*efxdkxdk t&Sdwnf;/ bm#D/
,m0
,m0- ,m0g[H tm*pämrd /
yk&mm- yk&m [nmrdç {,smod/
yka&&-yka& 'dyÜwd t"ar®m/
u'g-u'g *päwd / u&[
u'g u&[d- u&[d *päwd/
aumçuw&çuwrçuð- aum bduH© &mwd? uwa&mç
uwarm bdu©H &mwd/
{uHo- "k0H Aka'¨g b0gr[H/
ted,rw rw¬- bmowd 0g ua&mwd 0g/
tmPwsmoda| Ekwu å mav yOörD
þokwüf umvo'´gydjk zifh oyxç tauúmo paom
teufrsm;üvnf; yÍörD0dbwf oufao;\/
teufrsm;
*gxm= yÍörD tmPwsmod|-oyxauúmo ,mpae?
orÜKpäm yw¬em.ZÑdw¬ç 0d"sm rEÅ edrEÅae/
ykpH rH sm;
*gxm= *grH *päwk abm 'gedç okcH aw a[mwk oAÁ'g?
{udum o,ae aowkç ,m aw tarÁ t0g[&d/
wH EkAE¨wk r[ðoDç ''g[d y0&H *ZH?
udEéK abm tbd"r®H 0gç 0de,H 0g okaPmrd uð/
8

t,H okrermvm0ç yd,m a[mrd b0gba0?

a'aowk b*0g "r®Hç {0H yknH ua&mwk abm/
tm*päwk b0H {w¬ç edoD'wk 'rmoeH?
t"d0gaowk ar bwåçH b*0g oGmwem,wH/ bm#D/
tEkrwdy&duyÜaw¬ok owårD
þokwf tw¬o'´gykdjzifh tEkrwdç y&duyÜteufrS
wpfyg; orÜKpämpaom teufrsm;üvnf; owårD0dbwf
oufao;\/
teufrsm;
*gxm= owårD tEkrwsaw¬ç y&duayÜ p 0wåwd?
orÜKpäm yw¬em ZÑdw¬ç 0d"sm rEÅ edrEÅae/
owåd,H t&a[ ayaoç ywåumav orÇm0ae/
ykpH rH sm;
*gxm= *apä,smod wk0H *grHç ba0,s t&[m t,H?
uðEk abm "r® raZÑ,sHç O'g[k 0de,H Ek uð/
y&'g&H e *apä,sç tZÑmay,smod rmP0H?
{0H *apä,s *grH abmç edoDa',s b0H £"/
{0H bkaÍÆ,s *gro®ðç aum £rH 0dZ#a, Z#H?
{0H cvk ua& &ZÆHç baP *päod *gruH/
oHCó ap ywåuv’Hç oHaCm OaygoxH ua&?
yAÁwryd bdaE´,sç ya,m*gar ,xmurH/ bm#D/
rma,ma* oAÁumav p
rmedygwfyk'fESifh ,SOf&mü okwf&if;jzifh [d,swåeDç
 9

tZÆweD ouf? po'´gjzifh umvmwdywåd0dbwf csefí

usef0dbwfrsm;udk xdkufovdk oufEdkifonf/
yOörD= rm aw umr*kaP &arók pdwåH/
owår= D rm wGH ua&,smod/
0wårmef= rm a'0 y&da'a0od/
ya&mu©m= rm udodaw¬m r,m 0dem/
b0dóEÅ= D rm wGH u&dóod/
tem*aw b0dóEÅüd b0dóEÅ[ d al om a,m*0dbm*
(aqmif) *&[m 0dr, S ç teufjyonfçh emredygwfç &Sv
d wfwpf0ç
,Mwwpfzeffç uxH[dESifhç wGJonfhemrç &SduBudwfvdwfç
twdwf eufrSefç b0dóHwnf;? taemuyÜmç r&dom\ç
teuf&Sd0,fç tw¬d emrç ,SOfwkH;urlç umv0wårmefç
b0dóHyifç {uef*&[ç csKdU0gusESifhç rSef;qajr§mfbdç
teuf&Sduç tw¬d uxHç wpfzefemrç rygMubJç wDw
0wårmefç oifh&mESHvQufç b0dóHoufonfç rSwfcsufygVd
tok;H wnf;/
emr= £ar[d emr uvsmP"r®m y#dZmedóEÅd/
*&[ emr
0dr,
S emr
emr= tpä&d,Hç taE¨m emr yAÁwrma&m[dówd/
,Mw= ,Mw [d onD /y/ ae0 'u©wd emr/
uxH [d= uxH[d emr wGH /y/ O'&ó um&Pm yAÁZó d od/
emr= tw¬d emr wmw ok'dEé /y/ e ou©dóod/
tw¬d emr
{uef*&[&[= tvH [d aw tm0kaom /y/ e ou©dóod/
twdwfteuf b0dóHoufyg/
10

f d= {w¬ O'uH b0dówd/ þt&yfü a&&Sdwef&JU/

rSe;f qajrm§ b
ypöKyÜHteuf b0dóEÅdoufyg/
tmcsmwf0b d wfru l rJG sm;
ya&mu©m0dbwf= t ç rS ? £ ç arS/ (arm*fç oD)
tH ç rS ? £H ç arS/ (eDwçd ½l ç upf)
[d,sweå 0D bd wf= t ç rSm/ (arm*fç oD)
tH ç rSm/ (eDwçd ½lç upf)
tZÆweD0b d wf= t ç arS/ (arm*fç ½l) tH ç arS/ (eDwçd upf)
"mwfwpfrsK;d wpfrsK;d ü=
1/ok'¨uwåK½kyf 2/a[wkuwåK½kyf
3/ok'u ¨ r®½yk f 4/a[wkur®½yk [
f k a,bk,stm;jzifh
av;rsK;d pD pOfjyygrnf? bm0½kyof nf rsm;aomtm;jzifh ur®
½kyfESifh ½kyfpOfwlvdrfhrnf/
a[wk½kyfrsm;ü ypönf; 2 rsKd; 4 rsKd; &aomfvnf;
xif&mS ;aom tok;H rsm;aom Pmayypön;f rsK;d udk OD;pm;ay;
í pOfjyygrnf/
tur®u "mwfrsm;udk pOfcidk ;f cJah omf
]]tur®umyd "mwa0g aomyoa*¾g our®umyd
b0EdÅ}} [laom ½l pum;t& "mwfa&SUü tEkç tbdç ywd
paom oifh&m Oyom&xnfhpGufí ur®½kyfpOf&rnf/
bm0½kyfrsm;üum; xdkodkYxnfhbG,frvdk ]]bl,aw}}
jzpfjcif; ponfjzifh pOf½kHomwnf;/
 11

tur®u"mwfrsm;
(aqmif) bl [l oD Xmç þav;jzmç Avm uHr&dS/
xk"d mwfrsm;ü uHr&d[ S q
k jkd cif;onf ok'u
¨ wåK½yk rf sm;ü
omjzpf\? um&dwfypönf;oufaom a[wk½kyfrsm;üum;-
*gxm= tur®m "mwa0g a[mEÅd? um&dawok our®um
our®um 'dGur®mók? 'dGur®m wk wdur®um-[kqdk
aom ½ltwdkif; uHr&Sdaom"mwfonf uHwpfck&dSvm\?
uHwpfck&Sdaom "mwfonf uHESpfck&Sdvm\? uHESpfck&dSu
uHo;Hk ckjzpfvmjyef\/
uHEpS cf &k adS om"mwfrsm;
*gxm= 'k[ ,mp ½k"d ykpäç bdu© omo 0pm'a,m?
eD 0[ [&rm'Dpç Oba,aw 'dGur®dum/
ykpH rH sm;
uH r&Syd -Hk orm"d b0wd/
uH 1-ck &Sv d myk-H aom orm"ð bma0wd/
uH 1-ckom &Sad eyk-H 'gaom r*¾H *päwd/
uH 2-ck &Sv d myk-H omrdaum 'goH r*¾H *r,wd/
uH 2-ck &Sad eyk-H tZygavm tZH *grH aewd/
uH 3-ck &Sv d myk-H omrdaum tZygvH tZH *grH e,maywd/
uH 2-ck &Sad eyk-H a*gygavm *g0ð cD&H 'k[wd/
uH 3-ck &Sv d myk-H omrdaum a*gygvH *g0ð cD&H 'k[maywd/
12

'du
G r®u"mwfEiS hf uHa[m0gusrsm;
'Gdur®u"mwfwdkYwGif 'k[-paom"mwfwdkYudk 'k[m'd
*Pdu "mwf[kvnf;aumif;ç eD-paom"mwfwdkYudk Esm'd
*Pdu"mwf[kvnf;aumif; cJGMuonf? xdkwGif 'k[m'd
*Pdu"mwfwdkYonf ty"meuHudk a[míç Esm'd*Pdu
"mwfwdkYonf y"meuHudk a[m\/
y"meç tyÜ"me[l&mü Bu, d m\uwåm;onf tvd&k dS
tyfaom uHonf y"meuHjzpfí Bud,m\uwåm;onf
tvdkr&Sdtyfaom uHonf tyÜ"meuH rnf\/
*gxm= ,HuwåKaem Bud,m,dpäd-wH urH® wH y"meuH?
,H wAÁdy&dwH wEÅKç tyÜ"meEÅd 0g rwH/ ab'pdEmÅ /
þum; ab'pdEÅmvm y"meç tyÜ"metcGJ enf;
ESpfrsdK;wGif vG,fulaom 'kwd,enf;wnf;/ y"meuHudk
a[m\ [l&mü y"meuHESifh Bud,mwdkY a,m*ç 0kpfwdkY
udkufnD&rnf[k qdkvdkonf? xdka[maom uHyk'füvnf;
yXrm0dbwfxm;&rnfrmS xk;H pHtwdik ;f yifjzpf\/ tyÜ"me
uHvnf; xdkYtwlyifwnf;/
tm'do'´grsm;
0pm'a,m-ü tZÆ"mwfç jAL paom "mwfwdkYudk,l?
[&rm 'D p-ü tm'dt& *["mwfudk,lyg/
ykpH rH sm;
aom yke ypöm*EÉm bdu©L OyorÜ'H ,mpd/ (pl=154)
awe yke ypöm*EÉm bdu©L OyorÜ'H ,mpD,ðok/ (uHa[m)
 13

tZygavm tZH *grH aewd/ (uwåm;a[m)

tZygave taZm *grH eD,aw/ (uHa[m)
b*0g bdu©L {w'a0gp/
b*0wm bduL© {wH ta0gpD,o ð /k OKukd OKçH OKu
H kd £Hojk yKyg/
{wÍö wm[H ykpämrd/ (y&d0g-279)
{wÍö wGH r,m ykpäD,ao/ (uHa[m)
a&S;edó,ü aw+t[H[k yk'jf zwf\? 'Gu d r®u"mwf
jzpfí wH+t[H [kjzwfoifhaMumif; bm#DrdefYonf/
t|m[H baEÅ b*0EÅH 0&med ,mpmrd/ (0d-3? 405)
t| r,m baEÅ b*0g 0&med ,mpD,aw/ (uHa[m)
y"meç tyÜ"me[laom tcGu J kd useatmif rcGw J wf
u uHESpfckwGif a&S;qkH;jzpfaom uHudkom yXrm0dbwf
xm;í ajymif;yg? a,bk,stm;jzifh a&SUqk;H jzpfaomuHuykd if
a[mvdrfhrnf? *gxmt&m tenf;i,füom a&SUaemuf
rjrbJ &J w
dS wfygonf/
*gxm= y"meH eD 0[m'DeHç tyÜ"meH 'k[m'deH?
um&dwmeH ouH ur®Hç 0pöH uwåm ya,mZaum/
upöm,eom&/
"mwGwu
¬ kd owdjyKygt;Hk
a&S;ü blpaom"mwfwdkYudk tur®u"mwf? eDpaom
"mwfwdkYudk 'Gdur®u"mwf ponfjzifh qdkcJh\? xdkodkYqdkjcif;
onf xdk"mwfwdkY\ ½dk;&ma[meuft&om[k rSwftyf\?
]]"mwleH taeuw¬wmå }}[laom pum;t& rdrw d aYkd [m&if;
14

"mwfeufrS wpfyg;aom "mwGw¬wdkYudk wpfcgwpf&Hü

a[mwwfao;\? xkdtcgwdkYü xdkufonftm;avsmfpGm
tur®u"mwfuvnf; our®u"mwf(um&dwfypönf;
r0ifygbJ)jzpfwwfao;\? 'Gu d r®u"mwfuvnf; {uur®
u"mwf jzpfwwfjyefao;\? ygVdç t|uxmç #DumwdkY\
e,fonf tvGeu f s,0f ef;vSonft h wGuf xko d abmrsm;udk
vnf; owdjyK&m\? xdkYaMumifh xdkoabmudk jyqdkaom
refvnfed,mrfudk xkwfjyvdkufygonf/
tpdaEÅ,smEkbm0ó [d or®morÁK'ó ¨ ygVdea,m
tpdaEÅa,sma,0 a[mwd? *rÇDa&m 'kau©m*gaV§m/ (eDw)d
refvnfe, d mrf
(aqmif) xifjcif; jzpfjcif;ç a[mvQi;f rSomç bl"mwfrmS ç rSepf mG
tur®u"mwf jzpfownf;/
blawm yawåmç paomt&mç bl"mwfrmS ç rSepf mG ou
r®u"mwf jzpfownf;/
(aqmif) a&mufjcif; oGm;jcif;ç a[mvQi;f rSomç *rk rSmç rSepf mG
{uur®u"mwf jzpfownf;/
*awm y0awåmç paomt&mç *rk rSmç rSepf mG tur®
u"mwf jzpfownf;/
(aqmif) aqmifjcif; ydjYk cif;ç a[mvQi;f rSomç eD"mwfrmS ç rSepf mG
'Gdur®u"mwf jzpfownf;/
e,wd y0wåwçd Zmemwd-[kç &Sad omt&mç eD"mwfrmS ç
rSefpGm {uur®u"mwf jzpfownf;/
 15

(aqmif) eD"mwfvu©Pmç tcsKUd rSmç &Hcg {uur®jzpfownf;/

ydaYk qmif ,laqmifç eD"mwfaqmifç jraJ tmifrw
S af v
'Gu
d w
H nf;/
rSwfaqmif odaqmifç eD"mwfaqmifç jrJatmif {u
ur®u rSwfavwnf;/ ykpH = H o*Fa[m emr eD,aw/
ynmpu©KH blawm yawåmwd 0g pu©Kbal wm/ (tH#)D
£w¬H £rH yum&H blawm yawåmwd £w¬rÇLawm/
{0Hblwó pó ,xm0gpmç uma,myd wxm
*awm y0awåmwd taw¬m/ ('D|-1? 66)
0dyóD ukrma&m /y/ taw¬ yem,wd Óa,e/
taw¬ yem,wDwd taw¬ Zmemwd yówd? e,wd 0g
y0awåwDwd taw¬m/ ('D-2? 18? |-45)
eD £wd Zmeew¬H "mwkH *a[wGm tm[ ]]ye,wd
ZmemwD}}wd/
eD £wd ye y0wåew¬H "mwkH *a[wGm ]]e,wd
y0awåwD}}wd/ 'D#-D 2? 44/
rSwcf su=f teD;pyfq;Hk ykpH w
H u
Ydk kd &SmazGwifjyvdu
k yf gonf? yem,
wd-udk #Dumü ye,wd-[k jyifziG \ hf / taw¬-wdu Yk ?kd Óa,e
-toifhtm;jzifh? yem,wd-tjym;tm;jzifhod\(yykAÁ eD
"mwf? odjcif;teufa[m)? 0g-tjym;tm;jzifh jzpfap\(y0
wådteufa[m? um&dwfvnf;aus)/ (okwrf [m-bm#D)
16
o'´gpnf;urf;ESihf ygVad wmf
Esm'd*Pdu"mwfonf y"meuHudka[m\? 'k[m'd
*Pdu"mwfonf ty"meuHudka[m\-[k qdkcJh\? xdkokdY
qdak omfvnf; ygVdawmfwüYkd xdo k '´gpnf;urf;rsm;udk vGeíf
aewwfaom ygVdoGm;wdkYudkvnf; awGU&wwfao;\[k
rSwyf g/
]]aom[H baEÅ pdPrÖ meawåm oHCH tAÇmeH ,mpmrd}}
[laom 0gusukd plV0g(111)ü awGU&\? ,if;0gusEiS hf quf
í ]]'kwd,rÜd ,mpdwAÁH/ wwd,rÜd ,mpdwAÁH/-[k &Sdjyef\/
,mp"mwfonf ty"meuHuakd [m\-[k o'´gpnf;
urf; &Sad omfvnf; y"meuHukd a[monft h ae ]],mpdwAÁ}H }
[k ygVdawmfü &Sdae\? y&d0goftcrf;(plV0g-108)üum;
]],mpdwaAÁm}} [k &Sd\/ rmewftcrf;(plV0g-109)ü ]]'kwd
,rÜd ,mpdwAÁH}}[k &Sd\? rluGJygXfudk rsOf;atmufü ]],mpd
waAÁm}} [k jyxm;\/
xdyk gVdawmfwüYkd ,mp"mwfu y"meuHukd a[monfh
tae jzpfawmh\? ,if;udMk unfí h 1366-ckEpS ?f awmifBu;D
ykpämü ykpäuq&mawmfu txufyguwåm;a[m 0gusudk
]]ygVd*wdusus ur®0gpu0gus jyifqifa&;om;í}}[k
'kwd,qifhü ar;oGm;cJhzl;\/
aom[H baEÅ oHCH oE¦wor®Kwð ,mpmrDw/d 'kwd
,rÜd ,mpdwAÁm/ wwd,rÜd ,mpdwAÁm/ (0d-1? 334)
 17
um&dwyf pön;f ESihf uHa[m0gusrsm;
txufü jyqdt k yfco hJ nft h wdik ;f um&dwyf pön;f wdEYk iS hf
,SO&f m0,f uHwpfcw k ;kd vm&m tur®u"mwfwüYkd uHwpfcçk
uHwpfc&k &dS mü uHEpS cf çk uHEpS cf &k &dS mü uHo;Hk ckjzpfvmayrnf/
um&dwfypönf;ESifh,SOfu uHwpfckwdk;vm;rnfom
wnf;/
um&dwfuHa[m0gusü xdkuHtrsm;wdkYwGif rdrd\
um&dwfuHudkom a[mrnf[k rSwfyg? um&dwfuHyk'fESifh
um&dwfuHa[m Bud,mwdkY a,m*ç0kpf ponfwdkY csdefudkuf
&rnf[k qdkvdkonf/
um&dwmeH ouH ur®-H [laom pum;t&aomfvnf;
aumif;ç um&daw ok'¨uwåm pç ur®rmcsmwa*gp&H-
[laom (½l-330) t&aomfvnf;aumif; um&dwu f aH [m
0gus ajymif;cdkif;u um&dwfuH("mwfuwåm;)udkom 0kwå
(yXrm)vkyí f ajymif;ygav/ um&dwu f o H m 0kwu å jH zpf\[k
½lyod'd̈ponfwdkYü wxpfcsqdkxm;aomfvnf; arm*¾v’mef
ponfwüYkd rl ]]um&dwt f &m0,f um&dwu f rH S wpfyg; "mwf
uHuv kd nf; wpfcgwpf&H a[mao;\}} [k rde\ Yf ? xdk trdeUf
twdkif;vnf; "mwfuHudka[maom a[wkur®0gusudk
wpf&Hwpfcg awGU&aMumif; bm#DrdefYonf/
ykpH rH sm;
omrdaue 'goH *garm *rmyD,aw/
("mwfuu H akd [m)
18

omrdaue 'gaom *grH *rmyD,aw/

(um&dwu f u
H akd [m)
wH cdyÜan0 wD&H 0ga[wd/
(um&dwu
f wåm;a[m-pl-420)
r[morka'´e wH cdyÜan0 wD&H (0Dpd-O'uH) 0g[m
yD,aw/ (um&dwuf aH [m)
um&dw0f gusukd ok'0¨ gustjzpf ajymif;ykH
(aqmif) uwåm; [dwjf yefç uHukd uwåm;ç jyefjim;rSepf mG ç Bu, d m
ok'¨ç jyefwkH&ç rSwfMuum&dwfoabmwnf;/
um&dw0f gusukd ok'0¨ gustjzpf ajymif;vdu k um&dwf
uwåm;udk [dwt f jzpf? um&dwuf (H "mwfuwåm;)udk uwåm;
tjzpf? Bu, d myk'üf um&dwyf pön;f rygapyJ ok'B¨ u, d mtjzpf
ajymif;&aMumif; bk&m;BuD;ed,mrfrdefYonf/
ykpH -H bdu©K omraPa& Mo0g'H *r,wd/ (um&dw)f
bduK© em-&[ef;aMumif?h omraP&m-ud&k ifwo Ykd nf?
Mo0g'H-odkY? *pä EÅd-ukef\/ (ok')¨
ykpH -H r[morka'´g wH cdyÜar0 wD&H 0ga[wd/ (um&dw)f
r[morka'´e-aMumifh? (0Dpd-vSKdif;wHydk;onf?(odkY)
O'uH-a&onf) wH-xdt k aumifyyk u
f ?kd cdyaÜ r0-vQi?f wD&-H
odkY? 0[wd- aqmif&\/ (ok')¨
rjym;ç 0kw-å t0kww
å nf;
um&dw0f gusEiS phf yfí um&dwu
f EH iS hf "mwfuwåm;wdYk
]]t&vnf; rjym;}} ]]0kwå-t0kwåvnf; rjym;ç 0kwåcsnf;
 19

jzpfonf}} [laomt"dymÜ ,f? ]]t&um; rjym;ç 0kw-å t0kwå

um; jym;ao;\}}[laom t"dyÜm,f[k 0gusuGJ&mü t
"dyÜm,fESpfrsKd; &onf/
orm"d b0wd-orm"donf jzpf\? þ ok'u ¨ wåK0gus
ü orm"donf "mwf0kwåuwåm;wnf;? um&dwfuHa[m
0gusüvnf; ]]awe orm"d bm0D,aw}}[k xdo k 'k u
¨ wåm;
onfyif um&dwyf pön;f \ 0kwu å jH zpfvmjyef\? þ uHa[m
0gusudk axmufvQif um&dwf0kwåuHESifh "mwf0kwåuwåm;
onf t&vnf; rjym;ç 0kwt å 0kw[ å k 2-rsK;d vnf; rjcm;bJç
0kwåcsnf;jzpfonf [laom t"dyÜm,f jzpfEdkifjyefonf/
wpfenf;
]]'gaom *grH *päwd}}[laom ok'¨uwåK0gusü
]]'gaom}} [laom ok'u ¨ wåm;onf ]]omrdaum 'goH *grH
*r,wd}} [laom um&dwt f &m0,f ]]'goH}} [k uHjzpfvm&
onf/ þokdY ]]'gaom}}[laom "mwfuwåm;onfyif
]]'goH}}[k um&dwfuH jzpfvmaomaMumifh um&dwfuHESifh
"mwfuwåm;onf t&ruGJjym;bJ ]]'go}}csnf;jzpf\/
odaYk omf "mwfuwåm;jzpfcu kd f 0kwuå wåm;? um&dwu f H
jzpfcdkuf t0kwåuH? þodkY 0kwå-t0kwåom uGJjym;onfudk
&nf½G,fí ]]um&dwu f u
H m;ç "mwf uwåm;ç rjym; 0kw-å t0kwå
wnf;}}[k a&S; q&mwdYk rdeMYf uonf/ þü t&rjym;onfukd
]]rjym;}}[k qdkonf? odkYaomf 0kwå-t0kwåum; uGJjym;ao;
onf [lvdk// (½lbm#D-2? 399? 395)
20

bm0½kyüf uwåm;ç uH
(aqmif) abma[m tmcsmwf
owfrSwfonfh 0dbwfawG/
uwåm; wwDESifh
'k q|D uH&SdxkH;
oufqkH;rSwfav/
udwfabm&JUtae
rSwfavawmh weJ/
w-q|D uwåm; uH pDvdkY
aemufwvD q|D 'k&,feJY
Mud0,f wAÁ&Sd
wwd - 'k yJ/
tmcsmwfabmü uwåm; wwd,mç uH 'kw, d m
yk&daoe Mo'eH ypöaw/
uwåm; wwd,mç uH q|D
yk&daoe Mo'eó ypöaw/
udwaf bmü uwåm; wwd,mç uH q|D
yk&daoe Mo'eó ypeH/
uwåm; q|Dç uH 'kw,
d m
yk&doó Mo'eH ypeH/
Mu, d m0,f wAÁ ypön;f &Su
d uwåm;wwd,mç uH 'kw,
d m
yk&daoe Mo'eH ypdwAÁH/
 21

þum; abma[mMud,m\ uwåm; uHwdkYü tokH;

rsm;aom 0dbwfwdkYwnf;/
]]bm0uwå&d ypöwHåç o'´eDwd, rkpöaw}} paom
tjcm;0g'rsm; &Sdao;\? toHk;enf;írjyawmhyg/
ur®uwåK½yk f
]]twåaemy'ged bma0 p ur®e}d }okwüf po'´gonf
ur®edudk aygif;aom orÜd@eteuf[k eda'´oqdk\? ½l
(265) üum; ur®uwåm;teufudk qnf;aom t0kwå
orkpönf;[k qdkonf/
xdu k r®uwåm;\ oabmoGm;udk ½l(146)ü jyqdo k nfh
twdkif; azmfjyygOD;rnf/
a,m ye y&ó Bud,H y#dpö ur®blawmyd oku&
wåm o,ar0 odZÑaEÅm 0d, a[mwd? aom ur®uwåm
emr/ ykpH =H o,H u&D,aw ua#m/
oifjzL;onf udk,fwdkif jyKwwf\/
ykpH =H o,ar0 ypöaw Mo'aem/
xrif;onf udk,fwdkifyif csufwwf\/
xif&Sm;aptHh? ]ua#m-oifjzL;udk? u&D,aw-&uf
tyf\} ü (y&ó Bud,H y#dpö ur®blawm) &ufwwfol
tjcm;wpfa,mufa,muf\ &ufjcif;Bud,mudkpGJí &uf
wwfol vlomvQif uwåm;wnf;? xdt k jcm;uwåm;\ &uf
jcif;Bu,d mudk pGí
J oifjzL;onf &uftyfaom uHomwnf;?
(tyd) okaYd omf (oiftMurf;pm;udk &uf&ouJo h Ykd rcufcb
J )J
22
&ufvdkY tvGefvG,ful\ (oku&wåm)? xdkokdY tvGefvG,f
ulonfh twGuf (o,ar0 odZÑaEÅm 0d,) oifjzL;onf
r&uf&bJ olYbmomyif NyD;oGm;ovdk jzpf\? &ufolvlu
tm;rpdkufvSbJ oifjzL;udk,fwdkif &ufoGm;ovdk xif&\-
[lv?kd xdok Ydk uHtppfjzpfvsuf uwåm;oabm oufa&muf
aom uHudk ]]ur®uwåm;}}[k ac:onf/
txufyg ½l-0gusü ]]ur®blawm}}udkaxmufí
uHtppfjzpfaMumif;udkvnf;aumif;? o,ar0 odZÑaEÅm
0d,-ü ]]0d,}} udak xmufí uwåm;tjzpfü wifpm;xm;
aMumif;udv k nf;aumif; odom\? xdkUaMumifh ]]ur®ar0
uwåm ur®uwåm}}[k jyK/ (bm#D)
pifppfrSm uHyk'fomwnf;? ur®½kyfwGufí uwåm;
teufay;&aom yk'rf sK;d jzpf\? uwåm;t&ç uHt& ruGjJ ym;?
j'yfwpfckwnf; jzpfMuonfh ur®|Bud,mudk uwåKAsmyg&
tcduk t f wefu Y kd pGí
J uwåm;qdak om t&mrsK;d wnf;/ (ajy)
]]ur®uwåK½kyfwGufyg? ur®uwåK½kyfpOfyg}}[k qdku
ur®½kyfwGufí ur®½kyfpOfyg/ ,if; ur®uwåm;udkvnf;
ur®w¬Bud,müom &tyf\? uwGw¬Bud,mü r&tyf/
um&dw(f a[wk)½kyrf sm;ESiphf yfírSwzf ,
G f
(aqmif) O0Pfaemifusç aP P,omç pk&m £0aPÖç tm
Mo { rSmç Pmay Pmy,ç aemufESpf0rSwfç aeuó&mç
"mwfaemufrSmav;ç csKdUrSma'G;ç vdkufa&;r@L0gaMumifh
wnf;/
 23
O OK um&EÅ "mwfaemif aPç P, omouf
Oum&EÅ= oma0wdç om0,wd
OKum&EÅ= bma0wdç bm0,wd
pk&m'd*Pdu"mwfç£0PÖE"Å mwfçtmum&EÅ"mwfçMoum&EÅç
{um&EÅ"mwfwaYkd emif PmayçPmy, om ouf/
pk&m'd*Pdu= pdEmÅ aywdç pdEmÅ y,wd/ apm&maywdç
apm&my,wd/
£0PÖEÅ= o,maywdç o,my,wd/ e,maywdç
e,my,wd/ (½l#)D
tmum&EÅ"mwf= 'gaywdç 'gy,wd/ ywd|maywdç
ywd|my,wd/
Moum&EÅ"mwf= y&da,momaywdç y&da,mom0,
wd/ y&d+t0+aom "mwf? y udk 0 jyK/
taeuó&"mwf= uma&wdç um&,wdç um&may
wdç um&my,wd/
csKdUrSm a'G;= 'arwdç 'r,wd/
(Oya'o) oD"mwfç eD"mwfwdkYonf £0PÖEÅ "mwfrsm;jzpfí
#Dumtvdk Pmay Pmy, 2-ypön;f om oufoifyh gonf?
oma,wdçom,,wd? ema,wdç em,,wd-[k r&Sdoifh?
½l-pmudk,füum; wm;jrpfcsufr&SdaomaMumifh ½l-334 ü
ygae\/
24

(1)bl0g'*d Pdu
bl"mwf 0wårmef0b d wf
ok'u¨ wå&d- b0wdç ba0? b0EÅd/
a[wkuwå&d-bma0wd? bma0EÅd/ bma0odç bma0x/
bma0rdd? bma0r/
bm0,wd? bm0,EÅd/ bm0,od? bm0,x/
bm0,mrd? bm0,mr/
bm0,aw? bm0,aEÅ/ bm0,ao? bm0,a0S/
bm0a,? bm0,marS/
¨ ar®- tbdbl,aw? tbdbl,aEÅ/
ok'u
a[wkuar ar®-bm0D,aw? bm0D,aEÅ/ bm0D,ao? bm0D,a0S/
bm0Da,? bm0D,marS/
bm0d,saw? bm0d,saEÅ/
bm0,D,aw? bm0,D,aEÅ/
bm0,d,saw? bm0,d,saEÅ/
(Oya'o) twåaemyk'üf aPypön;f jzifh ½kyrf &So d ifah omaMumifh
(bma0aw-[k rxkwb f )J ]]bm0,aw}}[k P,ypön;f jzifh
om ½kyx f yk jf y&onf/ xdrk wS cf suaf Mumifyh if ]tm { Mo aemuf?
rmef rD a&muf? a&SaU jcmufy'k of mouf}[k rSwfcsufjyKMuonf
xif\/ tm { Mo [l&mü tmum&EÅ"mwfç {um&EÅ"mwf
ponfudk rqdkvdk? tmum&EÅyk'fç {um&EÅyk'f ponfudk
qdkvdkonf[k rSwfyg/ xdkYaMumifhyif 'g"mwfü 0wårmefjzifh
a'rdç a'r-[k a&SUajcmufyk'fomjyíç yÍörDjzifhum; ''gr-
[kvnf;aumif;ç''wH-[kvnf;aumif; um&d,ajymif;um
 25

twåaemyk'fç y&óyk'f 2 rsKd;jyonf? tajcjyKemrf*dkPf;ü

um; ]]ua&maw}} ponfjzifh xdrk w S cf suu
f kd a&Smifawmfrrl/
qufOD;tHh? tm { Mo aemufç rmef rD a&mufç a&SU
ajcmufyk'fomouf-[laom rSwfcsufonf i,fi,fu
rSwfpkrsm;rS wpfqifh rSwfom;cJhzl;aom pum;jzpf\? rnf
onfhusrf;u[k rawGUrd? xdkpum;onfvnf; rjynhfpkHay?
tm { Mo rS r[kwaf y? tcsKUd t&mwdüYk 0wårmef a&SUajcmuf
yk'fom oufoifhaMumif; eDwd"mwkü rdefYonf/
wMw £wDwd £um&meEÅ&wsEÅy'ó p ]]{wdç
Oa'wD}}wd tm'DeÍö {um&meEÅ&ws wsEÅy'geH tanoÍö
{0½lygeH y'rmvm ,xm&[H a,bka,se twåaemy'ged
0aZÆwGm a,maZwAÁm/ (eDw"d mwk-5)
£wd? £EÅd/ £od? £x/ £rd? £r/ ty&dykaPÖm
0wårmemea,m/
£wk? £EÅK/ £[d? £x/ £rd? £r/ ty&dykaPÖm
yÍörDea,m/ (eDw"d mwk-6)
bm0D,aw-ü {udk uGpd"mwkjzifhacsyg? £0Pf 2
vk;H wGif þvmvQif ,ypön;f udk a'GabmfrjyK&ç ypD,aw-
[k jzpf\? £vmvQif ,ypön;f udk a'GabmfjyKí ypd,saw-
ponf jzpf&rnf[k pnf;urf;owfrSwfMu\? odkYaomf
usrf;*efrsm;ü þvmvsufyif ,ypönf;a'GabmfjyKaom
ypD,saw(*päD,swd? *päD,wd-½l-268)½kyfrsKd;udk awGU&\/
(tajcjyK)
26

ed½w k üdå bm0d,wdç bm0,d,wd paom½kyrf sm; jyao;

\? xd½k yk rf sm;ü þudk £&ójyK[q k \
kd ? ½luo
hJ Ykd £vmonf
r[kkwf? xdkrwlnDaom½kyfwdkYudk OD;pm;ay;í jyrnfr[kwf?
½l-ütokH;&Sdaom ½kyfudkom OD;pm;ay;jyygrnf? ½l-ütokH;
rjyKaomfvnf; tokH;&Sdu jyqdkygrnf/
yOör0D b
d wf
¨ wå&d- b0wkç ba0? b0EÅK/
ok'u
a[wk uwå&d-bma0wk? bma0EÅK/ bm0,wk? bm0,EÅK/
bm0,wH? bm0,EÅH/ bm0,ók? bm0,a0Sg/
ok'u ar®-tEkbl,wH? tEkbl,EÅH/
¨ ar
a[wkuar ar®-bm0D,wH? bm0D,EÅH/ bm0d,swH? bm0d,sEÅH/
bm0,D,wH? bm0,D,EÅH/
bm0,d,swH? bm0,d,sEÅH/
owår0D b
d wf
¨ wå&d-ba0,sç ba0? ba0,sKH/
ok'u
a[wkuwå&d-bma0,s? bma0,sKH/
bm0a,,s? bm0a,,sKH/
ok'u¨ ar®-tEkbla,x? tEkbla,&H/
a[wkuwå&d-bm0Da,x? bm0Da,&H/
bm0,Da,x? bm0,Da,&H/
ya&mu©m0dbwf
¨ wå&d-Abl0? Abl0k/ Abla0? Abl0dw¬/
ok'u
Abl0H(Abl0)? Abl0drS/
 27

Abl0dw¬? Abl0da&/ Abl0daw¬m? Abl0da0Sg/

Abl0ð(Abl0d)? Abl0darS/
ok'¨uar®- tEkAbl0D,dw¬? tEkAbl0D,da&/
tEkAbl0dw¬? tEkAbl0da&/ (,acs)
(Oya'o) ya&mu©mü a[wk½kyfrsm; yd#uü rxif&Sm;í rjy
awmhjyD? ]],aus rausç uH½kyfaeç ESpfaxG umvmwd}}
[k i,fi,fu rSwo f m;zl;\? ½lüum; umvmwdywå0d b d wf
om r[kwf? toAÁ"mwf0dbwfwdkYü ,ypönf; ausç raus
[k ur®½kyf 2-rsKd;pDawGU&\? xdkYaMumifh ]],aus rausç
uH½yk af eç ESpaf xG toAÁ"mwf}}[k rSwo f m;oif\ h ? ,ypön;f
oufí þvm? toAÁ"mwf0dbwfjzpfí £vnf;vm?
tEkAbl0, D wd ?¬ uGp"d mwkjzifh ,ypön;f udk acsu þrvm&
awmhay? £omvmí tEkAbl0w d -¬ [k jzpf\? uH½yk rf mS om
,ausç raus ESprf sK;d jyonf r[kw?f toAÁ"mwf0b d wf0,f
tcsKdU bm0½kyfwdkYüvnf; ,ausç raus ESpfrsKd;jyav\?
aemufaemif ½kyfwdkY\ toAÁ"mwf0dbwfwdkYü ykHpHMunfhí
em;vnfygap/
bm0½kyf- Abl0D,dw¬/ (, raus) Abl0dw¬/ (,aus)
(aqmif) c q ESifhomç ya&mu©m0dbwfç aESmif;wkHvwfç a&SU
"mwf a'GabmfjyK/
typö,aMumifçh wpf0aemufrmS ç Zka[mwsmç a'Gbm
0om jyK/
28

(aqmif) uyfz, G o
f &ç r&SMd uojzifçh toAÁ"mwfç Asn;f pvwf
onfçh 0dbwfo, G o
f ,G çf aESmif;&m0,fç rSwzf , G f £vmudk/
(tajcjyK)
(aqmif) toAÁ"mwfç av;0dbwfwGifç qwåðoxGufç Asnf;
oufouf&çdS 0dbwåad Mumifçh £tm*rç vmwk&H ç rkcsred v Yf wfç
usrf;tmcsmwf/ (OD;&efuek )f
(Oya'o) c q o ypön;f ESihf ya&mu©m0dbwf aESmif;&üvnf;
aumif;? typön;f aMumifh Zka[mwsm'd*Pdu"mwfü vnf;
aumif;ç a&SU"mwfukd a'GabmfjyKí ½kypf Ofyg/ £um&m*arm
toAÁ"mwkurSd okwft& toAÁ"mwf 0dbwfaESmif;&mü
£vm&\/
xko
d vYkd m&müvnf; owfrw S cf suu
f kd ½lüjy\/ toAÁ
"mwf 0dbwfonf-
1/ tç O paom o&0dbwf/
2/ tHç £H paom tpüo&&Sdí ed*¾[dwfAsnf;u
aemufaeaom o&m'd0dbwf/
3/ w¬ç rS paom tpü Asn;f &Sad om AsÍeÆ m'd0b d wf-
[k 3 rsKd;&Sd\/ xkdoHk;rsKd;wGif AsÍÆem'dtoAÁ"mwf0dbwf
aMumifhomvQif uyfzG,fo& r&Sdí £vm&avonf/
'ówd-0,f toAÁ"mwf0dbwfaESmif;aomfvnf;
'g"mwfü o&ygjyD;jzpfí uyfzG,fo&rvdk? xdkYaMumifh ygVd
awmfESifhavsmfatmif uGpdo'´g\ wm;jrpfcsuft& £
rvm&awmhbJ &ójyKí 'ówd-[k jyD;&onf/ (½l-#D)
 29

[d,sweå D 0dbwf
ok'u
¨ wå&-d tb0gç b0gç tb0ç b0/
a[wkuwå&-d tbm0gç bm0gç tbm0ç bm0/
tbm0,mç bm0,mç tbm0,ç bm0,/
ok'¨uar®- tEGb,l w¬ç tEkb,l w¬ç tEGb,l xç tEkb,
l x?
tEGbl,w¬KHç tEkbl,w¬HK/
a[wkuar®-tbm0D,w¬ç bm0D,w¬ç tbm0D,xç bm0D,x/
tbm0,D,w bm0,D,w
tbm0,D,xç bm0,D,x/
bm0½ky-f tEGb, l w¬/
(Oya'o) tvm&mü tEGbl,w¬? t rvm&mü tEkbl,w¬-
[k jzpf\? oAÁ"mwf0dbwfjzpfí £ rvm&ay/
tZÆweD 0dbwf
ok'u
¨ wå&-d tb0Dç b0Dç tb0dç b0d/
a[wkuwå&-d tbma0odç bma0odç tbm0,dç bm0,d?
tbma0okHç bma0okHç tbm0,kHç bm0,kHç
tbm0,ðokç bm0,ðok/
tbma0odç bma0odç tbm0,dç bm0,d?
tbm0dw¬ç bm0dw¬ç tbm0,dw¬ç bm0,dw¬/
tbma0oðç bma0oðç tbm0,ðç bm0,ð?
tbm0drSmç bm0drSmç tbm0drSç bm0drS/
tbm0,drSmç bm0,drSmç tbm0,drSç bm0,drS/
ok'¨uar®- tEGbl,dw¬ç tEkbl,dw¬/
30

tEkb0dw¬/ (,aus)
bm0½ky-f tbl,dw¬ (,raus)ç tb0dw¬/ (,aus)
a[wkuar®-tbm0D,w d ç¬ bm0D,wd ç¬ tbm0,D,wd ç¬
bm0,D,w d ?¬
tbm0D,dç bm0D,dç tbm0,D,dçbm0,D,d?
tbm0D,ðokç bm0D,ðokç
tbm0,D,ðokç bm0,D,ðok/
(Oya'o) tbma0od ponf0,f tZÆweD0dbwfü owårZÆ
wedrSd-[laom a,m*0dbm*jzifh um&dwfypönf;tqkH;&dS
aom 'DCrSaemufü ovm\(½l-331)?ur®½yk rf sm;ü tmudk
w¬jyKjyD;rS £vmyg/
,ypönf;racs&mü tEkbl,dw¬ ponfjzpfí ,
ypönf;udk acs&mü 0k'd¨jyK? t0jyKí tEkb0dw¬ [k jzpf\/
(½l-279)
b0dóEd0Å b
d wf
ok'u
¨ wå&-d b0dówd? b0dóEÅdç b0dóa&/
a[wkuwå&-d bma0ówd? bma0óEdÅ/
bma0óod? bma0óx/ bma0ómrd?
bma0ómr/
bm0,dówd? bm0,dóEdÅ/ (½l-331)
ok'u¨ ar®-tEkbl,dóaw? tEkbl,dóaEÅ/
tEkb0dóaw? tEkb0dóaEÅ/
a[wkuar®-bm0D,dóaw? bm0D,dóaEÅ/
 31

bm0,D,dóaw? bm0,D,dóaEÅ/
bm0½kyf- bl,dóawç b0dóaw/
umvmwdywå0d bd wf
¨ wå&-d tb0dómç b0dómç tb0dóç b0dó/
ok'u
a[wkuwå&-d tbm0dómç bm0dómç tbm0dóç bm0dó/
tbm0,dómç bm0,dómç
tbm0,dóç bm0,dó/
ok'¨uar®- tEGbl,dóxç tEkbl,dóxç tEGb0dóx/
a[wkuar®-tbm0D,dóxç bm0D,dóx?
tbm0D,ód oð çk bm0D,ó
d oð /k
tbm0,D,dóxç bm0,D,dóx?
tbm0,D,dóðokç bm0,D,dóðok/
bm0½ky-f tbl,dóxç tb0dóx/
*rk"mwf 0wårmef0b
d wf
¨ wå&-d *päwdç *arwdç Cr®wd?
ok'u
*päEÅdç *arEÅdç Cr®EÅd/
a[wkuwå&-d *arwdç *r,wdç *rmaywdç *rmy,wd?
*pämaywdç *pämy,wd?
*arEÅdç *r,EÅdç *rmayEÅdç *rmy,EÅd/
*pämayEÅdç *pämy,EÅd/
ok'u¨ ar®-*rD,awç *rd,sawç *rsawç *r®aw?
*rD,aEÅç *rd,saEÅç *rsaEÅç *r®aEÅ/
*pDä,awç *päd,saw? *päD,aEÅç *päd,saEÅ/
32

a[wkuar®-*rD,awç *r,D,awç *rmyD,awç

*rmy,D,aw/
*pämyD,awç *pämy,D,aw/
(Oya'o) *arEÅ d - ü typö n f ; ud k { jyKí tEÅ d ütud k
uGpd"mwkjzifh acsyg? *rD,aw-ü £0PÖm*arm0g jzifh
þvm? *rd,saw-ü £vm ,vmyg? *r®aw-ü ykA½Á yk jf yK?
*rsaw-ü "mwGerf f udk ,odu Yk yfyg/ um&dw½f yk üf um&daw
0k'¨d ew¬d (ed½kwåd 414) [kqdkaomaMumifhvnf;aumif;?
(0g*¾[aPe 0k'd¨ e a[mwd-½l-332)? C#m'De0H g-ü 0go'´g
wm;jrpfaomaMumifh vnf;aumif; 0k'¨dra&mufyg/
C#m'De0H g-ü tm'do'´gonf twlteufuakd [m\?
xkd tm'do'´gjzifh 0k'd¨tjyK rjrJjcif;wlaom *rk *P urk
'rk ork-paom o'´grsm;udk,lyg/
½l-ü 0go'´gudk 00w¬w d 0dbmom teuf&\ dS [k qdí k
Ca#wdç O*¢ga#wd? twduúaraEÅmç twduúmaraEÅm wdkYü
tedpö0d"dç *araEÅm [laom um&dwf½kyf? 'araEÅmç oar
aEÅm-[laom pk&m'd½yk w f üYkd toEÅ0"d -d [k #DumzGi\ hf ? eDwüd
0duyf,lum *arwdç *garwd [kjy\/ od0dbwfjzifh **¢od
[laom½kyfudk arm*füjyao;\? okwfMuD;jzifh *rk udk **¢
jyKav/
("mwGw)¬ "mwGw¬o*F[ü *rk"mwf0,f ]]*rk *wsHç tmykaAÁm
pG."d0goae}}[k &S\ d ? *rk"mwf\ ½d;k &mteufum; *wsw¬
wnf;? t"d0goew¬(onf;cHqikd ;f iHjcif;teuf)ü tma&S;&Scd hJ
 33

ygrl pk&m'djzpf\? tjcm;teufü tma&S;&Sdrl (tm*päwd-

[k)bl0g'domwnf;? b*0EÅH tm*r,rmaem(plV0g-266)?
axa&m bwåa*¾ 0pöad wm tm*arod(plV0g-380)? axmuH
tm*r,ðok(O'ge|-178)wdkYudk axmufyg/
*rk-t"d0gao tmykaAÁm
tm*arwd? tm*arEÅd/ tm*arod? tm*arx/
tm*arrd? tm*arr/
tm*r,wd? tm*r,EÅ/d tm*r,od? tm*r,x/
tm*r,mrd? tm*r,mr/
yOör0D b
d wf
ok'u¨ wå&d-*päwkç *arwkç Cr®wk?
*päEÅKç *arEÅKç Cr®EÅK/
a[wkuwå&-d *arwkç *r,wkç *rmaywkç *rmy,wk/
*pämaywkç *pämy,wk/
ok'u
¨ ar®-*päD,wHç *rD,wHç *r®wH?
*päD,EÅHç *rD,EÅHç *r®EÅH/
a[wkuar®-*rD,wHç *r,D,wHç *rmyD,wHç *rmy,D,wH?
*rD,EÅHç *r,D,EÅHç *rmyD,EÅHç *rmy,D,EÅH/
owår0D b d wf
ok'u
¨ wå&-d *apä,s? *apä,sKHç *päKH/
*ar,s? *ar,sKHç *rkH/
Car®,s? Car®,sKHç Cr®KH/
a[wkuwå&-d *ar,sç *ra,,sç *rmay,sç *rmya,,s/
34

*pämay,sç *pämya,,s/
ok'u
¨ ar®-*päDa,xç *rDa,xç *ar®x?
*päDa,&Hç *rDa,&Hç *ar®&H/
a[wkuar®-*rDa,xç *r,Da,xç *rmyDa,xç
*rmy,Da,x? *pämyDa,xç *pämy,Da,x?
(Oya'o) uGpd"mwkHç {,sKH OHç *päKH ykHpH½I/ (½l-272)
ya&mu©m0dbwf
ok'u
¨ wå&-d Z*rç Z*gr? Z*rk/ Z*ar? Z*rdw¬/
Z*rHç (Z*r)? Z*rdrS/
Z*rdw¬? Z*rda&/ Z*rdaw¬m? Z*rda0Sg/
Z*rðç (Z*rd)? Z*rdarS/
ok'u¨ ar®-Z*rD,dw¬ç Z*rdw¬? Z*rD,da&ç Z*rda&/
(Oya'o) um&dw½f yk rf sm; rxif&mS ;ay? *rk"mwfç t0dbwfç a'G
abmfjyK? tAÇmorSn?hf tAÇmojzpfaom *udZk jyKç uGp"d mwk
jzifh tAÇor[kwfaom *\tukd 'DCjyKç Z*gr-jzpf\?
'DCrjyKu Z*r-[k ]]t}} 0dbwfjzifh 2-½kyf&Sd\? O paom
0dbwfrsm;üum; 'DC½kyfr&Sd[k ½l-üqdk\? odkYaomfvnf;
ygVdawmfypHk rH sm;üum; ]]em[H uvda*F Z*grH}}[k 'DC½kyu
f kd
awGU&\? ed½kwåd 377-ü ]]r[m0kwådem *ó 'DaCm}}[k
0dbwftm;vkH;ü 'DCjyKí jy,k*fxkwfjyD; ESm-417 üum;
0dbwftm;vkH;udk 'DC½kyftjzpf rjyay/
(aqmif) 0dbwfya&mu©mç t aMumifo h mvQiçf tAÇmr[kç *rk
'DCç jyKxkH;jyíç aoo0dbwfç rjytyf[kç owfrSwfxm;
 35

[efç &Su
d ek jf yefvnf;ç ykpH cH yif;ç &SmazGvsi;f uç <uif;0dbwf
rSmç 'DCygç &efcgawGU&onf/ (½lbm#D -2?285)
[d,sweå 0D b
d wf
¨ wå&-d t*rmç *rmç t*rç *r? t*rlç *rlç t*rkç *rk/
ok'u
t*pämç *pämç t*päç *pä? t*päLç *päLç t*päKç *päK/
tCr®mç Cr®mç tCr®ç Cr®? tCr®Lç Cr®L/
a[wkuwå&-d t*r,mç *r,mç t*r,ç *r,?
t*r,lç *r,lç t*r,kç *r,k/
ok'u¨ ar®-t*rD,w¬ç *rD,w¬ç t*rD,xç *rD,x?
t*rD,w¬KHç *rD,w¬KH/
t*päD,w¬ç *päD,w¬? t*päD,w¬KHç *päD,w¬KH/
tCr®D,w¬ç Cr®D,w¬? tCr®D,w¬KHç Cr®D,w¬KH/
a[wkuar ar®-t*rmyD,w¬ç *rmyD,w¬ç t*rmyD,xç
*rmyD,x? t*rmyD,w¬KHç *rmyD,w¬KH/
tZÆweD0b d wf
ok'u
¨ wå&-d t*rDç *rDç t*rdç *rdç t*rmod?
t*päDç *päDç t*pädç *päd?
tCr®Dç Cr®Dç tCr®dç Cr®d?
t*ÍD äç *Í Dçä t*Í ädç *Í ?äd
t*rkHç *rkHç t*rðokç *rðokç t*rHokç *rHokç
t*rmokHç *rmokH/
t*päKHç *päKHç t*päðokç *päðokç t*päHokç *päHok
t*pämokHç *pämokH/
36

t"d ykaAÁ-tZÑ*g? tZÑ*kH/ tZÑa*g? tZÑ*kw¬/

tZÑ*ð? tZÑ*krS/
emya'--t*rmç *rmç t*rç *rç t*rdw¬ç *rdw¬?
twåaemya'
t*rl *rlç tZÑ*l t*l/
t*rdaoç *rdao? t*rd0SHç *rd0SH/
(t*rHç *rHç tZÑ*H) t*rç *r?
t*rdarSç *rdarS/ (½l-280)
a[wkuwå&-d t*rmayodç *rmayodç t*rmy,dç *rmy,d?
t*rmy,kHç *rmy,kHç t*rmy,ðokç *rmy,ðok/
ok'u ar®-t*rD,dw¬ç *rD,dw¬ç t*rdw¬ç *rdw¬/
¨ ar
t*päD,dw¬ç *päD,dw¬ç t*pädw¬ç *pädw¬/
a[wkuar®-t*rD,dw¬ç t*r,D,dw¬ç t*rmyD,dw¬ç
t*rmy,D,dw¬ç t*rmyD,d? t*rmyD,ðok/
t*rmyD,d? t*rmyD,dw¬/
t*rmyD,ð? t*rmyD,drSm/
(aqmif) rf-aemif tmvmç uGpd"mç NyD;yg t*rmod/
oAÁawm OHç a,m*MuHKç OH udk tHok tmokHjyK/
£Hok tHok tmokçH ok;H yg;pkçH OH\ um&d,csn;f wnf;/
(Oya'o) t*rmod-ü uGpd"mwkjzifh rfaemif tmvm? ovm?
&ójyKí NyD;ygap/ t*Í d-ä ü uGpd"mwkjzifh päudk Í äjyK?
tZÑ*g-ü t"d+*rk+þ0dbwf? "mwftpü tvm? t"dudk
tZÑjyK? uGpd"mwkjzifh *rudk *gjyK?(tZÑ*g+-D)aemuf0dbwf
o&udk acsyg? tZÑ*g\ uwåm;udk t[H[kxnfh&mü
tZÆweD £H udkjzpfap? tH udkjzpfap tmjyK&rnf/
 37

ed½kwåd-ü t*gç t*l paom½kyfrsm; jyao;\? ½lESifh

vkHavmufNyjD zpfí rjyawmhyg? tvd&k u dS ed½wk då ESm-416 ü
½Iyguke/f tZÑ*ül t"d+*rk+OK 0dbwf tvm?(t"d+t+*rf+
OK)uGpd"mwkjzifh *rfudk *gjyK? t"dudk tZÑjyK? *cGif;acsuyf?
t"da&S;r&SdvQif t*l [k jzpf\/
b0dóEÅ0d b
d wf
¨ wå&-d *rdówd? *rdóEÅd/ *pädówd? *pädóEÅd/
ok'u
Cr®dówd? Cr®dóEÅd/
a[wkuwå&d-*arówd? *aróEÅ/d *r,dówd? *r,dóEÅ/d
*rmayówd? *rmayóEÅd/
*rmy,dówd? *rmy,dóEÅd/
ok'¨uar®- *rD,dóaw? *rD,dóaEÅ/ *rdóaw? *rdóaEÅ/
*päD,dóaw? *päD,dóaEÅ/
Cr®D,dóaw? Cr®D,dóaEÅ/
a[wkuar®-*rD,dóawç *r,D,dóawç
*rmyD,dóawç *rmy,D,dóaw/
*pämyD,dóawç *pämy,D,dóaw/
umvmwdywå0d b
d wf
ok'u
¨ wå&-d t*rdómç *rdómç t*rdóç *rdó/
a[wkuwå&-d t*arómç *arómç t*aróç *aró/
t*r,dómç *r,dóm/
t*rmayómç *rmayóm/
t*rmy,dómç *rmy,dóm/
38

¨ ar®-t*rD,dóxç t*rdóx/
ok'u
t*päD,dóxç t*pädóx/
tCr®D,dóxç tCr®dóx/
a[wkuarar®-t*rD,dóxç t*r,D,dóxç
t*rmyD,dóxç t*rmy,D,dóx/
u&"mwf 0wårmef0b
d wf
¨ wå&-d ua&mwd? ua&mEÅdç ukAÁEÅd/
ok'u
ua&mod? ua&mx/ ua&mrd? ua&mr/
uk½kaw? ukAÁaEÅ/ uk½kao? uk½ka0S/
ukaAÁ? uk½karS/
,d&ypöa,- u,d&wd? u,d& EÅd/ u,d&od? u,d&x/
u,d&mrd? u,d&mr/
u,d&aw? u,d&aEÅ/ u,d&ao? u,d&a0S/
u,da&? u,d&marS/
a[wkuwå&-d uma&wdç um&,wdç
um&maywdç um&my,wd/ (a&SaU jcmufv;Hk pOf)
um&,awç um&my,aw/ (aemufajcmufv;Hk pOf)
ok'u¨ ar®-u&D,saw? u&D,saEÅ/ (u&d,saw? u&d,saEÅ)
u&D,aw? u&D,aEÅ/
u,saw? u,saEÅ/
u,d&aw? u,d&aEÅ/
a[wkuar®-um&D,awç um&,D,awç
um&myD,awç um&my,D,aw/
 39

(Oya'o) þum; ½lyod'¨d pmudk,ft& pOfjcif;wnf;? rdç r

0dbwfaESmif;&mü Moypönf;ESifhwuG u&"mwfudk]]u&ó
aomó ukH}} jzifh ukHjyKí ukr®dç ukr®- [laom½kyfrsm;udk
arm*fç ed½kwåd-wdkYü jyao;\? ¤if;üyif tjcm;0dbwfrsm;ü
ukAÁwd-ponfjzifh &SdEdkifaMumif;udkvnf; jyao;\? xdkodkY
uJGjym;jcif;onf ½kyfpD&ifykH uJGjym;jcif;aMumifhjzpf\/
½l-tvdk ukAÁEÅd udk u&+Mo-tEÅd wnf? u&óm
uma&m p jzifh u\ tudk OjyK (uk&+f Mo+tEÅ)d Owåarmum
a&mjzifh MoudkOjyK(uk&f+O+tEÅd) OudkvrSnfhç ,0um&mp
jzifh yk'ftqkH;r[kwfaom aemufOudk0fjyKç uGpd"mwk jzifh
0 aMumifh "mwGef&fudkacs(uk+0f+tEÅd)0a'Gabmfvmç 0 2
vkH;udk A 2 vkH;jyKç AÁf udk todkYuyfç ukAÁEÅd jyD;\/ þodkY
uyfzdkY&m o&&Sdaom tEÅd-paom 0dbwfrsm;üom ukAÁEÅd
paom½kyfudk ½lyod'¨djy\/
arm*ftvkd u&+Mo+tEÅd [k jzpf&m]]u&ó aom
ó ukAÁ uk ½k u,d&m}}(5-177)okwjf zifh Moypön;f ESiw hf uG
u&f udk ukAÁ jyKíwGuf\/
u,d&wd uwåK½kyfü u&+,d&+wd-[k jzpf&m uGpd
"mwkjzifh "mwGef&fudk acsyg/
ur®½kyfüum; u&+,+aw-£0PÖm*arm 0g jzifh
£vmç uGp"d mwkow k üf po'´gjzifh &ESi,hf a&SUaemufjyefyg?
u,d&wd-jyKtyf\ [k jzpf\/ þodkY uwåK½kyf ur®½kyf-2
rsKd; jzpfEdkifonf[k odyg/
40

£ þ vm&m XmecGJ= ,ypönf;udk a'GabmfrjyKvQif ]u&D,aw}

[k þvm? a'GabmfjyKvQifum; ]u&d,saw}[k £vm[k
cGjJ cm;Mu\? bmhaMumifeh nf;..oH,*k af ESmif;&mü ]]oHa,m
a* ya& &ówåH}}t& &ójyK&ao;aomaMumifh oH,k*f
aESmif;&mü £&óom vmoifah omaMumifw h nf;? odaYk omf
½lyod'¨d oE¨dç &óH-okwfü ]]'D,swdç ol,swd}}[k oH,k*f
aESmif;ygvsuf &órjyKaom½kyu f kd jyaomaMumifh xdck jJG cm;
csufudk a,bk,s[k rSwf/ (upfbm#D-2? 355)
&ZÆu
H ma&wd-ü uma&wd udk ok'u¨ wåK½yk v
f yk yf kH
&ZÆH-rif;\udpöudk? uma&wd-jyK\/ (ok'¨uwåK)
ok'u ¨ wåK ü u&"mwf+pk&m'dawm aPP,m 0,f
aPP,m [laom a,m*0dbm*jzifh aPouf? wem'd
*dPk ;f jzpfí Moypön;f ouf? acs? wd ouf/ (½lbm#D-2? 405)
(wpfenf;)&ZÆH-rif;\jzpfaMumif;jzpf&m tBuD;tuJtjzpfudk
(r[mZaee-onf? 0g-ud)k uma&wd-jyKap\/(um&dw½f yk )f
a[wkur®½kyfrsm;ü ]]um&myD,aw}} [k &Sdaom
Pmayypönf;\ ½kyfonfom ½kyfaeoefY&Sif;í tokH;rsm;
ayonf/
yÍör0D b
d wf
ok'u
¨ wå&-d ua&mwkç uk½kwk? ua&mEÅKç ukAÁEÅK/
ua&m[d? ua&mx/ ua&mrd? ua&mr/
uk½kwH? ukAÁEÅH/ uk&ókç uk½kók? uk½ka0Sg/
ukaAÁ? ukAÁmrao/
 41

a[wkuwå&d-uma&wkç um&,wkç um&maywkç um&my,wk/

ok'u
¨ ar®-u&D,wH? u&D,EÅH/
u,d&wH? u,d& EÅH/
u,swH? u,sEÅH/
a[wkuarar®-um&myD,wH? um&myD,EÅH/
um&myD,ók? um&myD,a0Sg/
um&myDa,? um&myD,mrao/
(Oya'o) uk&ók ü uGpd"mwkjzifh Moypönf;udk tjyK/ a[wk
ur®½yk üf ½kyaf eoef&Y iS ;f aom Pmayypön;f jzifo
h m pOfvu
kd f
ygonf/
owår0D b
d wf
¨ wå&-d ua&,s? ua&,sKH/ ukaAÁ,s? ukaAÁ,sKH/
ok'u
u,d&m? u,d½kH/ u,d&mod? u,d&mx/
u,d&mrd? u,d&mr/
u,d&mxç ukaAÁxç ua&xç MuKaAÁx? MuKaAÁ&H/
MuKaAÁaxm? MuKaAÁ,sma0Sg/ MuKaAÁ,s?H MuKaAÁ,smarS/
a[wkuwå&-d uma&,s? uma&,sKH/
um&a,,s? um&a,,sKH/
um&may,s? um&may,sKH/
um&mya,,s? um&mya,,sKH/
ok'u¨ ar®-u&Da,x? u&Da,&H/
u&Da,axm? u&Da,,ma0Sg/
u&Da,,sH? u&Da,,smarS/
42

a[wkuar®-um&myDa,x? um&myDa,&H/
um&myDa,axm? um&myDa,,sma0Sg/
um&myDa,,sH? um&myDa,,smarS/
(Oya'o) ed½kwådü u,da&xç MuKaAÁ,s paom½kyfrsm;udk
jyao;\? u,d&mponfü uGpd"mwkjzifh ,d&ypönf;aemif
{,suv kd nf;aumif;? {x\tp {udv k nf;aumif; tmjyKí
u,d&mç u,d&mx [k jzpf\? "mwGe&f u f vkd nf; uGp"d mwk
jzifhyif acsyg/
{,sKHç {,smod paom0dbwfwdkY\ tpdwfjzpfaom
{,so'´gudkvnf;acsí]]u,d½kHç u,d&mod}}paom½kyfrsm;
jzpf\/
(aqmif) u&"mwf\ç ,d&aemifrSç {x {ygç {,s tmwnf;ç
jyK&mrkcsç {,sKH püç {,s acsrIç pOfwdkif;½Ionfç "mwkuGpdç
t&mwnf;/ (½lbm#D-2? 366)
MuKaAÁx ponfü uGpd"mwkjzifh uk-udk MuKjyKyg?
ua&,s ponfü Moypönf;udk uGpd"mwkjzifh acsyg? ok'¨
uwåK½kyfrsm;ü Moypönf;udk tjrJoufyg? rvdkuacsypfyg/
ya&mu©m0dbwf
ok'u ¨ wå&d-u&? u½k/ ua&? u&dw¬/ u&H? u&drS/
u&dw¬? u&da&/ u&daw¬m? u&da0Sg/
u&ð? u&darS/ (eDw"d mwk-269)
rSwcf su=
f ya&mu©m0dbwfjzifh <uif;½kyfrsm; rxif&Sm;NyD/
 43

[d,sweå 0D bd wf
ok'u
¨ wå&-d tumç tu&m? tu½l/
tua&m? tuw¬ç tua&mw¬/
tuHç tu&H? turSç tu&rS/
tuw¬? tuw¬KH/
tuk½kaoç tu½kao? tuk½k0SHç tu½k0SH/
tu&ð? tu&rSao/
(Oya'o) <uif;½kyrf sm; rxif&mS ;Ny?D e,mEk½yl tm;jzifh pOf½o
Hk m
wnf;/ tum-ü u&+Mo+tm [k jzpf&m u&óumowå
rZÆwedrSd okwüf u&óum [laom 'd"G mu&Pa,m*0d
bm*jzifh u&fudk umjyK? tvm? uGpd"mwkjzifh Moudkacsç
ucGif;acsuyf? um rjyKvQif tu&m [k jzpf\/
tuw¬-ü u&f+Mo+w¬ [kjzpf&mç uGpd"mwkjzifh
"mwGef &fESifhwuG Moudkacsç "mwftp t-vmyg/ (½l#)D
(wpfenf;)u&ó um [laom a,m*0dbm*jzifh umjyK? uGpd
"mwkjzifh Moudkacs? umü &ójyKyg/ (½l-320)
twåaemyk'fü w¬KHç aoç 0SH 0dbwfrsm;jzifh ½kyf&dScJí
½lürjyayç ½lbm#dDESifh eDwdykHpHwdkYudk xnfhvdkufygonf/
(aqmif) u&ó umç 0dbm*gjzifhç [d,sm-tmç w¬? tH rSm
w¬ rS ao? þajcmufaxGaMumifhç ua&udk umç jyKbdkYrSm
\/ aemufvm owåç rZÆwedrdSç a,m*0daMumifhç <uif;
onf"h mwfaemufç tZÆa&mufuç 'DCaemufomç ovm&m
[kç tzGifhjyKç rSwf½I ½lyod'f/ (½lbm#D-2? 369)
44

tZÆweD0b d wf
ok'u
¨ wå&-d tu&Dç u&Dç tu&dç u&d?
tu½kHç u½kHç tu&ðok u&ðokç tuHok/
tu&dç u&d? tu&dw¬ç u&dw¬/
tu&ðç u&ð? tu&drSç u&drS/
tumod? tumokH/ tumod? tumodw¬/
tumoð? tumodrS/
a[wkuwå&-d uma&odç um&,dç um&mayodç um&my,d?
uma&okHç um&,kHç um&mayokHç um&my,kH/
ok'u¨ ar®-tu&D,dw¬ç tu&D,d? tu&D,ðok/
tu&D,d? tu&D,dw¬/
tu&D,ð? tu&D,drSm/
a[wkuar ar®-um&myD,dw¬ç um&myD,d? um&myD,ðok/
um&myD,d? um&myD,dw¬?
um&myD,ð? um&myD,drSm/
(Oya'o) u&óumowårZÆwedrSd/ tZÆwedrdS-aMumifh? u&
ó-\? umowåH-tjzpfonf? a[mwd/ (upfç ½l)
þtvdk okw&f if;jzifh u&"mwfukd umojyK? umowåH
[laom bm0eda'´ojzifh tjcm;"mwfaemif o vmyg/
(wpfenf;)tZÆwedr-Sd aMumif?h u&ó-\? um- um tjyKonf?
a[mwd? owåÍö-ovnf;vm/ (½l)
þtvdk okw&f if;jzifh u&"mwfukd umjyKí ovnf;
vm? owårZÆwedr-Sd [laom a,m*0dbm*jzifh tjcm;"mwf
aemif ovmyg/
 45

þtzGifh 2 enf;wGif y-enf;onf upönf;0kwådzGifh

aom enf;wnf;? ½lyod'¨dum; upönf;enf;tjyif 'k-
enf;udkyg zGifhjyoGm;\/ xdk 2-enf;t& ]]tumod}} udk
u&+Mo+þ [k jzpf&m txufygokwjf zifh u&udk umojyK?
tvm? uGpd"mwkjzifh Moudk acsç þudkvnf; £&ójyK?
of £odkYuyf/ (upfç ½l)
'kwd,enf;t& u&udk umjyKç ovnf;vm? Moudk
okwfBuD;jzifh acs/ (½l)
(aqmif) umojyKuç umowåç bm0eda'´oH/
umjyK½kHrQç o vmuç owårZÆwedrdS a,m*0dbm*H/
b0dóEÅ0d b
d wf
¨ wå&-d u&dówd? u&dóEÅd/ u&dóod? u&dóx/
ok'u
u&dómrd? u&dómr/
um[wd? um[EÅd/ um[od? um[x/
um[mrd? um[mr/
um[dwd? um[dEÅd/ um[dod? um[dx/
um[drd? um[dr/
uówd? uóEdÅ/ uóod? uóx/
uómrd? uómr/ (ed½w k -då 458)
a[wkuwå&-d uma&ówd? uma&óEÅd/
um&,dówd? um&,dóEÅd/
ok'u¨ ar®- u&D,dóaw? u&D,dóaEÅ/
u&D,dóao? u&D,dóa0S/
46

u&D,dóH? u&D,dómarS/
a[wkuar ar®-um&D,dóawç um&,D,dóaw/
(Oya'o) um[wd-ü oypö,o'´g tydMk uH ^rMut H m;jzifh ½kyf
2-rsK;d wGuMf u\/ b0dóEÅrd -dS aMumif?h oypö,ó-b0dóEÅd
0dbwf\tpdwf óypönf;ESifhwuGjzpfaom? u&ó-\?
uma[m-onf? 0g-jzifh? a[mwd? oópç avmaygç
a[mwd/ (yd)k
þtvdk oypö,o'´gydk\? xdkenf;t& um[wdudk
½kyfwGufu u&+Mo+ówd wnf? txufygokwfjzifh
u&udk um[jyKí ówd\ óudv k nf;acs? uGp"d mwkjzifh
Moypönf;udk acsíwGuf/ (upön;f 0kwçdå ½l)
(wpfenf;)b0dóEÅdrSd-aMumifh? oypö,ó-0du&PMoypönf;
ESifh wuGjzpfaom? u&ó-\? uma[m? 0g? a[mwd?
oó p? avmayg? a[mwd/ (ryd)k
xdek nf;t&-u&+Mo+ówd? þokwjf zifh Moypön;f
ESihf wuG u&fukd um[jyKí óudv k nf;acs/(upf-okwpf Of)
(wpfenf;)um[wdukd u& wnf? ówd oufç bl0g'd toufç
þokwjf zifh u&fukd um[jyKç [f todu Yk yf/(oajy-2? 535)
um[dwd-ü£vmyg? uówd-ponfü u&+Mo+
ówd[k jzpf&m u&ó um- [laom a,m*0dbm*jzifh
u& "mwfudk umjyK? Moudkacs? umü &ójyKyg/
rSwcf su=f tydrk MuaH omenf;onf upön;f okwpf Ofenf; jzpfoifh
aMumifh bm#DrdefYonf/ (upfbm#D-2? 386)
 47

umvmwdywd0å b d wf
ok'u¨ wå&d-tu&dómç u&dómç tu&dóç u&dó/
a[wkuwå&-d tuma&ómç uma&óm/
tum&,dómç um&,dóm/
tum&mayómç um&mayóm/
tum&my,dómç um&my,dóm/
ok'u
¨ ar®-tu&D,dóx? tu&D,dóðok/
tu&D,dóao? tu&D,dóa0S/
tu&D,dóH? tu&D,dómarS/
a[wkuar ar®-tum&D,dóxç tum&,D,dóxç
tum&myD,dóxç tum&my,D,dóx/
(Oya'o) umvmwdywdå0dbwfü a[wk½kyfrsm; &SdcJ\? pmtkyf
wdüYk vnf; rjyMu? e,mEk½yl tm;jzifo h m pOfvu kd &f ygonf/
þrSaemufü jyvwHah om ½l-vm "mwfwu Ykd kd ½kyaf v;
rsKd; 0dbwf&SpfoG,f jynfhatmif pOfjyawmhrnf r[kwfyg/
½lyod'¨dü jyqdkaom½kyftwdkif;om xkwfjyygawmhrnf? ½ly
od'¨dü rjyqdkaom tcsKdU"mwfwkdYudkum; tenf;i,fpOfjy
ygOD;rnf? xdkodkYrjyaomfvnf; pOfcdkif;u enf;rDSípOfwwf
atmif avhvmxm;ygav? *dkPf;rodaom "mwfwdkYudk
pOfcdkif;cJhygu *dkPf;&Spf*dkPf;wGif oifh&m*dkPf;ü xnfhoGif;
pOfMuyguke/f
yp-ygau
0wårmef- ypwdç yap? ypEÅd/
48

uar®-ypöaw? ypöaEÅ/ ypD,aw? ypD,aEÅ/

um&daw-ygapwdç ygp,wdç ygpmaywdç ygpmy,wd/
a[wkuar®-ygpD,awç ygp,D,awç
ygpmyD,awç ygpmy,D,aw/
ya&mu©m-yyp? yypk/ yyap? yypdw¬/ yypH? yypdrS/
uar
uar®-yypdöw¬? yypdöa&/
umvmwdywwå-d typdómç ypdómç typdóç ypdó/
uar®-typD,dóxç typdóx/ (,aus)
£u©-'óeauFok
£u©wd? £u©EÅd/ uar®-£u©D,aw? £u©D,aEÅ/
um&daw-£u©maywdç £u©my,wd/
a[wkuar®-£u©myD,aw? £u©myD,aEÅ/
£ok-£päm uEÅo d k
0wårme
mef- {owd? {oEÅd/ £päwd? £pä EÅd/
uar®-{oD,awç £päD,awç £óaw/
um&daw-
w-{aowdç {o,wd/ £pämaywdç £pämy,wd/
a[wkuar®-£pämyD,awç £pämy,D,aw/
oH-ywd ykaAÁ- orÜ#dpäwd? orÜ#dpäEÅd/
ax-o'´ oCFmawok
toHjyKjcif;ç aygif;pkjcif;teufwdkYü
xm,wdç xd,wdç xD,wd/
(Oya'o) ax\ {udk þ,jyKyg/ xD,wd oCFmwH *päwd
{wdóm *aAÇmwd-xD (eDw"d m-68)? £w¬(D y#do|H -1? 80)?
 49

£w¬-D ü taeuu©&"mwf,ul £ok ,l? {uu©&"mwf,l

u ]]ax}} "mwfudk ,l/
,rk-Oy&ar
0wårmef- ed,rwd? ed,rEÅd/ ed,päwd? ed,pä EÅd/
oHykaAÁ- onrwd? onrEÅd/
0d tm ykaAÁ- 0g,rwd? 0g,rEÅd/
uar®-ed,rD,wdç ed,päD,wdç ed,r®wdç 0g,rD,wd/
uar
um&daww-ed,marwdç ed,mr,wd/ (½l-333)
tZÆweD- ed,päDç onrDç ed,pädç onrd/
&rkç &r-uDVm,H
&rwd? &rEÅd/ uar®- &rD,aw? &rD,aEÅ/
&r®aw? &r®aEÅ/ um&daw-&arwdç &r,wdç &rmaywdç
&rmy,wd/ a[wkuar®- &rmyD,aw? &rmyD,aEÅ/
rSwcf su=f ormofwGif;yk'f? w'¨dwfwGif;yk'fwdkYonf yxrqifh
omraPwd\ Yk e,fy,fr[kwaf o;[k xifjrifr\ d ? xdu
k o
hJ Ykd
aomyk'rf sKwd üYkd rar;oifah y/ ar;p&m &Sm;íyifavm rod?
63-ckESpf? t*FkwåKd&f0,f ]]aom&pöÍö}}ü tEÅ0,f "mwfudk
,lí-[k ar;cJzh ;l \? &Sm;yg; cufcaJ omykpmä yifwnf;? q,f
pkESpfaygif;rsm;pGmaom ykpämtqifhqifhudk Munhfu ,aeY
acwf omraPi,fwYkd tzdYk oem;p&myifaumif;awmh\/
tmo-Oya0oae
0wårmef- tpäwd? tpä EÅd/ tpäod? tpäx/ tpämrd? tpämr/
Oy ykaAÁ- Oygowd? OygoEÅd/
50

uar®-tpäD,awç OygoD,aw/
um&daw-
w-tmaowdç tmo,wd/
tpämaywdç tpämy,wd/ (½l-333)
(Oya'o) £ok,rkeraEÅm apäm 0g-okwfü taEÅm apäm 0g
[laom a,m*0dbm*jzifh "mwGefofudk päjyK? uGpm'd-jzifh
tmudk t&ójyK/ <uif;0dbwf enf;rDSpOf/
vb-vmab
0wårmef- vbwdç vab? vbEÅd/
uar®-vAÇaw? vAÇaEÅ/ vAÇao? vAÇa0S/
vaAÇ? vAÇmarS/
um&daw w-vmabwdç vmb,wdç
vbmaywdç vbmy,wd/
tZÆweD þ-tvbDç vbDç tvw¬/
£H0b
d wwf-tvbðç vbðç tvw¬H/
b0dóEÅ-d vbdówdç vpäwd/
umvmwdywå-d tvbdómç vbdómç tvpäm/
(Oya'o) vAÇaw ponfü vb+,+aw-[kjzpf&m ,udk
ykA½Á yk f bjyK? uGp"d mwkjzifh a&SUbudk AjyK? tvw¬ç tvw¬H
wdkYü vbo®m þ£HeH w¬ w¬H jzifhpD&ifyg/
vpäwd ponfü oypö,o'´gydjk zifh óudq k jyK? AsÍeÆ EÅ
ó paomokwfjzifh "mwGefudk pjyKyg/
(aqmif) ykAÁ½lyç okwft&jzifhç vb bawç ½kyfjzpfaeaomfç
raoGupG çd "mwk0jd zifçh a&S;&Sb d cke;f ç AxufNcKd uof ;Hk ç ½kyv
f ;Hk
 51

vAÇaw jzpf/ (upfbm#D-2? 352)

½l-ü uGpd"mwkjzifh AjyK\? Esmoüum; a'g"ó p-
ü po'´gjzifh AjyKonf? "mwft&mjzpfí ½lpD&ifykHom xkH;pH
us\? umvmwdywd0å b d wfüvnf; päjyKí tvpäm [laom
½kyu
f kd arm*¾vm’ efjyao;\/ (upfbm-2? 352? ½lbm-2? 305)
(aqmif) oypö,o'´gç tydkygojzifhç 0pm rkpç bkZ 0daoç
"mwfaemufaeç jyKav óudkc/
0o vbç qd bd'ESiçhf ½k'wpfaxGç "mwfaemufaeç
jyKav óudk q/ (tajcjyK)
0p-0d,wå, d H 0gpm,H
0wårmef- 0pwdç 0ap? 0pEÅd/
uar®-0kpöaw? 0kkpöaEÅ/ Opöaw? OpöaEÅ/ 0kpöwd? 0kpöEÅd/
um&daw w-0gapwd ponf/
a[wkuar®-0gpmyD,aw? 0gpmyD,aEÅ ponf?
[d,sweå -D t0pm 0pmç t0p 0p? t0plç 0plç t0pkç 0pk/
t0apmç 0apmç t0pç 0pç t0pdç 0pd? t0pkw¬/
twåaemya'
emya'-t0pkw¬? t0pw¬KH/ t0pao? t0p0SH/
t0pð? t0prSao/
tZÆweeD- ta0gpd? ta0gpkH/ ta0gapm? ta0gpkw¬/
ta0gpð? ta0gpkrS/
ta0gp? ta0gpk/ ta0gpdao? ta0gpd0SH/
ta0gp (ta0gpH)? ta0gpdarS/
uar
uar®- t0kpödw¬ç t0pdw¬/
52
(Oya'o) 0kpöwd-ü 0p+,+aw? 0p0o paomokwfjzifh 0\
tudk OjyK? pfESifh,udk pjyK? a'Gabmfvm? wdjyef/ (½l)
wpfenf;= 0p+,+aw? 0udk OjyKç pjyK? a'Gabmfvmç uGp"d mwk
jzifh 0fAsnf;vm? wdjyef/ (Esmoçupf0wk )då
Opöaw-ü 0fAsnf;udk OjyK? uGpd"mwkjzifh 0\tudkacs/ (½l)
wpfenf;= 0udkOjyKç pjyK a'Gabmfvm/ (Esmç upf? bm#D-2? 391)
0kpw
ö -d ü y-enf;0,f o&oufoufukd OjyK/ 'kenf;ü
o&ç Asnf; 2 rsKd;vHk;udk OjyKonf/ Opöaw-ü y-enf;0,f
Asnf;oufoufudk OjyKí o&udkacsypf\? 'k-enf;0,f
0kpöwd twdkif; jzpf\/
tZÆweD tm0dbwfjzifh ta0gp-[kjzpf&mü &ójyK
xm;onf[k rSwyf g? ur®½yk üf ]ta0gpD,w d ç¬ ta0gpD,o
ð }k
paom½kyfudkvnf; e,mEk½lytm;jzifh okH;Muav\/
b0dóEÅ-d 0pdówdç 0u©wd? 0pdóEÅdç 0u©EÅd/
0o-ed0gao
0wårmef- 0owd? 0oEÅd/ uar®-0kóaw? 0kóaEÅ/
um&daww-0gaowdç 0gomaywd ponf/
a[wkuar®-0gomyD,aw ponf/
b0dóEÅ-d 0odówdç 0päwd? 0odóEÅdç 0pä EÅd/
umvmwdywå-d t0odóm? t0odóo H /k
t0päm? t0päHok/
 53
½k'-tók0darmpae
0wårmef- a&m'wd? a&m'EÅd/
um&daww-a&m'gaywdç a&m'gy,wd/
b0dóEÅ-d a&m'dówdç ½k päwd/
umvmwdywå-d ta&m'dómç t½k päm/
0[-ygyaP
0wårmef- 0[wdç 0a[? 0[EÅd/
uar®-0k,Swd? 0k,SEÅd/ 0kvSwd? 0kvSEÅd/
um&daww-0ga[wdç 0g[,wdç 0[maywdç 0[my,wd/
a[wkuar®-0g[myD,aw? 0g[myD,aEÅ/
tZÆweD- t0[Dç 0[Dç t0[dç 0[d/
uar®-t0k,Sdw¬ç 0k,Sdw¬ç t0[dw¬? t0k,Sðokç 0k,Sðok/
uko-tauúmao
0wårmef- tauúmowd? tauúmoEÅd/
uar®-tauúmoD,aw? tauúmoD,aEÅ/
tZÆweD- tauúmpäDç aumpäDç taumoDç aumoD/
Z&-0a,m[medrSd
0wårmef- ZD&wdç ZD,swdç ZD,wdç Zd&d'wd/
uar®-ZD&D,wdç ZD,d,swdç ZD,swdç Z&D,wd/
um&daw-ZDa&wdç ZD&,wdç ZD&maywdç ZD&my,wd/
(Oya'o)Zd&d'wd-ü Z&"mwfudk Zd&d'jyKyg? (eJ)Zd&d'"mwf,lí
pOf/ Z&"mwfudk "mwGw¬ü ]]Za&m a&ma*ç 0a,m[mEsH
pkuD'dbl}}[k okH;*dkPf;jy\? xdktvdk- Z&wdç ZD&wdç Zd,swdç
54

Zd,wd(bl)? Za&wdç Z&,wdç Zm&,wd(pk)? Z&emwd(ud)?

Z,sw(d 'd)/("mwGw?¬ "myef;)
r&-ygPpma*
0wårmef- r&wdç rD,swçd rD,wd/ um&daw-rma&wdç rm&,wdç
rm&maywd/ a[wkuar®-rm&myD,aw? rm&myD,aEÅ/
'do-ayu©ae
0wårmef- yówdç 'dówdç 'u©wdç 'dpäwd/
uar®-yóD,awç 'u©D,awç 'dóaw/
um&daw w-'aówdç 'ó,wd/
[d,sweå -D t'´omç t'´o/
uar®-t'dó/
tZÆweD- tyóDç yóDç tyódç yód?
t'u©Dç 'u©Dç t'u©dç 'u©d?
t'´oDç 'oDç t'´odç 'od?
t'óDç 'óDç t'ódç 'ód?
t'´oHokç 'oHokç t'´omokHç 'omokH/
b0dóEÅ-d yódówd? yódóEÅd/
'u©dówdç 'ud©wdç 'u©wd?
'u©dóEÅdç 'u©dEÅdç 'u©EÅd/
(Oya'o) 'dówd-ü uwåK½yk f ur®½yk f 2 rsK;d &S\
d / uwåK½yk w f u G f
vdku 'do+'d0g'd,+wdoufç ykAÁ½kyfjyKyg/ (upf? eDw)d
ur®½yk w
f u
G u
f 'doójzifh 'douf kd 'dójyK? uGp"d mwk
jzifh uHa[m,udak cs(½l)/ 'doç uHa[m,udv k nf; ykA½Á yk jf yK
 55

í wGufEdkifonfom/ (½lbm#D-2? 309)

(aqmif) 'dó tjyKrSmç uHüomç rSwfyg½lyod'f/
'dó jyKNyD;ç ,ypönf;ç okwfBuD;eJYomacs/
'dpäwd- jrif\ [l&mü £ok,rke /y/ 0g-ü taEÅm
apäm0g jzifh ofudkpäjyK/ (arm*f)
t'´om-ü 'do-tm? ttm*k?H a'Gabmfvmí t'´o d m
-[k jzpfNy;D aemuf uGp"d mwkow k Bf u;D jzifh £udk tjyK? t'´o-
ü &ójyK? 'u©w d -d ü 'do+ówd-[kjzpf&m a[mwdóa&-
pç ü b0dóEÅrd Sd óóp-[laom a,m*0dbm*jzifh óudk
acsç 'u©jyKç £vmyg/ (½l)
£ rvmu 'u©wd/ (arm*fç ed½w k çdå eDw)d
eDwd\enf;onf ]'u©wd} [k &Sdaom 0wårmef½kyfESifh
a&maxG;zG,&f í dS ½l-enf;udk trsm;vufcMH uonf/ odaYk omf
,kww åd umwdw Yk iG f ygVdawmf,w k o åd nf tcdik t f rmyifjzpfí
]]pu©KraEÅm ½lyged 'u©EÅd}} [k&Sdaom ygVdt&awmh arm*fç
eDwdvnf; oifhonfom/
bk&m;Bu;D rl yg&mZduPfygVdawmf edó,ü ]],ckum
v pmwdkYü ]'u©dEÅd}[k £o&ESifh r&Sd? ]'u©EÅd}[k to&ESifh
om &So d nf? xdaYk Mumifh ypöKyeÜ ½f yk o f m trSe, f ol ifo
h nf}}[k
b0dóEÅ0d b d wfjzifh ]'u©E}dÅ ½kyuf kd ESpof ufawmf rrl? ½lyod'd¨
twdik ;f ypöKyeÜ ½f yk o f m ,lawmfr\ l ? xkjYd yif ]]tcsKUd pmü 'u©EDÅ
wd-[k £wdo'´gESifh &Sd\}}[k qdkxm;onf? xdkq&mawmf
rsm; vufxufü £wdo'´grygbJ ]'u©EÅd}om rl&SdykH&onf?
56

,ck q|oH*g,emrlEiS hf ausmufpmrlwüYkd um; yg&mZduPf

þ0gus0,f ]]'u©EÅDwd}}[kyif &Sd\/
tem*wf0dbwfjzifh ]'u©EÅd] ½kyfrsm; ygVdawmft|u
xmwdüYk rsm;jym;vS\? ]]e wH 'u©Ew
DÅ d wH wxm*wH a'0g
0g rEkóm 0g e 'u©ó d EÅçd tyPÖwu då bm0H *rdówDwd
taw¬m/ (oD|-117)
&m*&wåm e 'u©EÅd (0denf;r[m0g)/ e 'u©EÅDwd e
yódóEÅd/ (|)
o'-0do&P*wsm0omaeok
edoD'wd? edoD'EÅd/ um&daw
w- edoD'gaywd ponf/
a[wkuar®-edoD'gyD,aw ponf/
bma0
bma0-edoZÆaw/ (uGpm"duma&e oD'ga'aom e b0wd)
,Z-a'0ylZmo*Fwu d &P'gaeo
eok
0wårmef- ,Zwd? ,ZEÅd/ uar®-£ZÆaw? £ZÆaEÅ/
oZç oZÆ-vmb odÍeö oa*Fok
oZwd(bl) oZÆwd('d) oaZÆwdç oZÆ,wd(pk)
rSwcf su=f ouúw od& Z-udk arm*¾v’me"mwkygX? ½l-eDwd? *P
oHo*¾"mwfpOfusr;f wküYd oZ-[k jyefqx
kd m;Muygonf? "m
wGw¬o*F[üum; oZÆ-[k jyefqdkrIudk jyKygonf? "mef#Dü
rl t&mXmetm;avsmfpGm oZ-oZÆ-[k tokH;jyKxm;onf
udk awGU&ygonf? xdkYaMumifh oZ"mwfESifh oZÆ"mwfwdkYudk
wGJzufjyqdkxm;&ygonf/ ("mwGwy¬ ef;uk;H )
 57
0'-0d,wå, d H 0gpm,H
0wårmef- 0'wd? 0'EÅd/ 0'od? 0'x/ 0'grd? 0'gr/
0a'wd? 0a'EÅd/ 0a'od? 0a'x/ 0a'rd? 0a'r/
0aZÆwd? 0aZÆEÅd/ 0aZÆod? 0aZÆx/
0aZÆrdç 0ZÆmrd? 0aZÆrç 0ZÆmr/
uar®-0'D,awç 0ZÆD,awç 0ZÆaw/
owår-D 0a',sç 0aZÆ,s? 0a',sKHç 0aZÆ,sKHç 0ZÆKH/
0a',smodç 0aZÆ,smodç 0ZÆmod?
0a',smxç 0aZÆ,smxç 0ZÆmx/
(Oya'o) 0ZÆKH-ponfü {,sKHponf\ {,sudk okwfBuD;jzifh
acsyg/
0'¨-0'¨aeç 'dwdå aq'e yl&aPok 0g
0'¨wd? 0'¨EÅd (bl)/ 0a'¨wd? 0'¨,wd (pk)/
uar®-0'¨D,aw? 0'¨D,aEÅ/
um&daw-0a'¨wdç 0'¨,wdç 0'¨gaywdç 0'¨gy,wd/
a[wkuar®-0'¨gyD,awç 0'¨gy,D,aw/
urk-y'0dau©ay
0wårmef- urwd? urEÅd/ a'Gbma0-
ma0-puFrwd? puFrEÅd/
pv-urÜae
pvwdç pÍövwd/ um&daw
w- pmavwd ponf/
'v-'vae
''´vw
’ /d
58

cv-oÍö, pvaeokç aomapa,s 0g

cvwd(bl) cgavwdç cgv,wd(pk)/
uar®-cvD,aw? cvD,aEÅ/
um&daw-cgavwdç cgv,wd/ a[wkuar®-cgvD,awç
cvD,aw/
(Oya'o) aomap,sw-¬ ü pk&m'dwnf;/ cvD,aw-ü um&dwf
ausonf[k rSwfyg/
aps-OZÑme '[e ÓP pdEeÅ 'dwo då k
uJh&JUjcif;? ylavmifjcif;? odjcif;? MuHpnfjcif;? xGef;yjcif;
psm,wd? psm,EÅ/d yZÑm,wd? yZÑm,EÅ/d tbdZÑm,wd?
tbdZÑm,EÅd/ oHa&SU&Sdu oZÑm,wd? oZÑm,EÅd/
uar®- psm,D,aw/
a[wkuwå&d- OZÑmaywd? OZÑmayEÅd/ OZÑmy,wd? OZÑmy,EÅd/
(Oya'o) OZÑmayEÅDwd /y/ vmruawm 0g pdEÅmayEÅDwd
taw¬m}}[laom ygpdwsm'dt|uxm(36)t& pdEÅew¬
aps"mwfudk um&dwf½kyfvkyfonf/ oHykaAÁm? r[m0kwådem
ed*¾[Dwó Zma'aom/ (ed½w k )då
'[ew¬ um&dw½f yk 0f ,f- psmaywd? psmayEÅ/d psmy,
wd? psmy,EÅd/ PmydrSd ,avmayg/ ,udk acs/ (ed-402)
xdrk w
S pfyg; '[ew¬ psy"mwfvnf; &Sad o;\? psywdç
psmaywd eD0&P"ar®wd psmeH?-[k "mwGw¬xkwf\/
psywd(bl) psmaywdç psmy,wd(pk)
 59

eDw"d mwk(323)üum; pk&m'd/ psy 'ga[/ psmaywdç

psmy,wd/ psawåm/ psmeH/ eD0&P"ar® psmaywDwd psmeH?
o0k'u
d¨ /H um&daw ye ]]psmygaywdç psmygy,wd}} [k &S\
d /
'[-'g[ "m&aPok
'[wdç ![wd(bl) ',Swd('d)/
uar®-'[D,awç ![D,awç ',Saw/
um&daw-'ga[wdç 'g[,wdç '[maywdç '[my,wd/
a[wkuar®-'[myD,aw? '[myD,aEÅ/
(Oya'o) '[wd 0g '[maywd 0g tmywåd ygpdw, då ó(ygpdwf
-50)![D,wd(y#do|H -2? 19)/ ![wd-ü 'udk !jyK/ (t*¾)d
q0drÜd !,Swd? pr®rÜd !,Swd(r-3? 222)tp&SdaomygVdudk
axmufí 'd0g'd '["mwfvnf; &SdoifhaMumif; q&mrsm;
rdefYqdkMuonf/ ("mwGwy¬ ef;uk;H )
wk'-Asxae
wk'wd? wk'EÅd/ uar
uar®-wkZÆaw? wkZÆaEÅ/
um&daw-awma'wdç awm',wdç awm'gaywd ponf/
y-0do-ya0oae
0wårme
mef- y0dowd? y0doEÅd/
uar
uar®- y0doD,awç y0dod,sawç y0dóaw/
um&daww-ya0aowdç ya0o,wd ponf/
tZÆweD- yg0dodç y0dodç yga0u©d?
yg0doðokç y0doðokç yga0u©ðok/
60

uar®- yg0doD,dw¬ç y0doD,dw¬ç yg0doD,dç y0doD,d/

Ek'-acay
Ek'wd? Ek'EÅd/
'do-twdoZÆae
O'´dowd? O'´doEÅd (bl)? a'aowdç a'o,wd (pk)/
'do-"mwfonf bl-jzpfrl Munf½h jI rifajrm§ jf cif;-ayu©
P? n§if;qJjcif;-[ðom? rkef;jcif;-tyÜDwd? ay;jcif;-'ge? od
apjcif;-aAm"eteufwkdYü jzpf\? pk-jzpfrl Opöm&P-&Gwf
qdka[mMum;jcif;ü jzpf\/ ("mwGw)¬
(Oya'o) o'´ew D üd um; tyÜwD çd Opöm&Pw¬-ü þum&EÅ 'doD
"mwf[l\? ½kyfrxl;NyD? avmuDusrf;üvnf; r&Sd/("mwGw)¬
odkYjzpfapumrl ,ckacwfü ESpfrsKd;vkH;udkyif vufcH
twnfjyKxm;MuaomaMumifh t&mXmetm;avsmfpGm o
abmusovdk ,lq&efom &Sdygawmhonf/ (yef;uk;H )
xdjYk yif arm*¾vm’ e"mwkygXESihf "mef#D 345-wdüYk tyÜD
wsw¬ 'do"mwfukd 'd0g'dü xnfo h iG ;f jyqdx
k m;ygao;onf/
um&daw
w- O'´domaywdç O'´domy,wd/
vdc-avcae
vdcwd? vdcEÅd/
zko-oræaó
zkowd? zkoEÅd/
 61

[l-owåm,H
a[mwd? a[mEÅ/d a[mod? a[mx/ a[mrd? a[mr/
bma0
bma0-[l,aw/
owår-D a[,s? a[,sKH/ [ka0,s? [ka0,sKH/ ([kay,s?
[kay,sKH)/ bma0-
bma0-[la,x/
[d,sweå -D t[k0g? t[k0çl t[k0/k t[ka0gç t[k0? t[k0w¬/
t[k0H? t[k0rS/
t[k0w¬? t[k0w¬KH/ t[k0ao? t[k00SH/
t[k0ð? t[k0rSao/
bma0-t[l,w¬/
bma0
tZÆweD- t[kç ta[mod? ta[okHç t[0kHç t[k0kH/
ta[mod? ta[modw¬/
ta[moðç t[kH? ta[modrSç t[krS/
bma0
bma0-t[l,w d /¬
b0dóEÅd-a[[dówdç a[[dwd/
a[m[dówdç a[m[dwd/
a[ówdç a[wd/
bma0
bma0-[l,ó d aw/
umvmwdyw wå-d t[0dó? t[0dóHok/
t[k0dó? t[k0dóHok/
bma0
bma0-t[l,ó d x/
(Oya'o) t[k0g ponfü typönf;acsNyD; uGpd"mwkjzifh
OKudkO0 jyK/ t[kü uGpdjzifh þacsç &ójyK/ ta[mod ü
ovmç 0k'd¨ jyK £&ójyK/ ta[oküH Mo0k'jd¨ yKç uGp"d mwkjzifh
62

Moud{k jyK/ t[0kH [laom½kyu f kd bmom#Dum twnfrjyK?

½lüygí xnfv h u
kd o
f nf? O0jyKNy;D uGp"d mwkjzifh Oudk tjyK½Hk
omjzpfawmh\? t[kH ü [l+£H "mwftp tvmç uGp"d mwk
jzifh aemuf£udak cs (*P²t
d vkd 0gya&mto½lyg jzifah csyg)
OKudkvnf; O&ójyK? ed*¾[dwftvdkvdk OokdYa&mufí t[kH
Ny;D &onf/
bl-owåm,H
tEkabmwd? tEkabmEÅd/
uar®-tEkbl,aw? tEkbl,aEÅ/
uar
tZÆweD- tEkabmodç tEkb0d/
b0dóEÅd-tEkabmówdç tEkb0dówd/
£-*wd tZÑm,e £päm o'´[aeok
0wårmef- £wdç {wd? £EÅdç {EÅd/ (a&SaU jcmufy'k o
f mpOf)
(Oya'o) £"mwfonf Oyom&tm;avsmpf mG ½kyo f iG t
f rsK;d rsK;d
ajymif;vGJEdkifonfudk atmufygtwdkif; odyg/
tm-{wd? twd-tapöwd? t"d-taZÑwd? tEk-taEG
wd? ty-taywd? tbd-taAÇwd? tbd oH-tbdoarwd?
t0-ta0wd? O-Oa'wd? Oy-Oaywd? ywd-yapöwd? y&d-
y&da,wd? y&d tm-y&d,m,wd? y&m-ya&wd? y-aywd? 0d-
a0wd? 0d y&d-0dy&da,wd? oH-oarwd? oH O-orka'wd? oH
Oy- orkaywd? oH t0-ora0wd ponfjzpf\/
yÍör-D £wkç {wkç t,wk/ (a&SaU jcmufy'k o f mpOf)
 63

owår-D {,s? {,sKH/ {,smod? {,smx/ {,smrd? {,smr/

{x? {&H/ {axm? {,sma0Sg/ {,sH? {,smarS/
b0dóEÅd- £ówd? £óEÅd/ £óod? £óx/ £ómrd?
£ómr/ quf/
(eJ) {ówd? {óEÅd/ {óod? {óx/ {ómrd? {óm
r/ {óaw? {óaEÅ/ {óao? {óa0S/ {óH? {óm
arS/ (y&dyak PÖm b0dóEÅeD a,m)
(eJ) {[dwd? {[dEÅd/ {[dod? {[dx/ {[drd? {[dr/
{[daw? {[daEÅ/ {[dao? {[da0S/ {[dóH? {[d
ómarS/
umvmwdywåd- £óm? £óHok/ £aó? £óx/ £óH?
£ómrSm/ £óx? £óðok/ £óao? £óa0S/
£óð? £ómrSao/
(eJ) {óm? {óHok/ {aó? {óx/ {óH? {ómrSm/
{óx? {óðo/k {óao? {óa0S/ {óð? {ómrSao/
(Oya'o) r[m0kwådem £"mwkrSm {,sm'DeH {um&ó avm
ayg(ed-391)? £"mwkrSm y&ó óum&ó [d a[mwd
0g(ed-392)? {,sponfü {udkacs? ówdponfü óudk
[djyKyg/
toAÁ"mwkuawåyd ok'ó ¨ &wåm "mwkó £um
&m*arm e a[mwd/ umvmwdywåb d ma0 p toAÁ"mwk
uawå p oaEÅyd ok'ó ¨ &wåm "mwkó tum&dum&m
*arm e vAÇ w d ç taeuEÅu d wåm 0g tEkyyEéwmå p
tum&m*arm e a[mwd/ (eDw"d mwk-7-8)
64

od-oa,
o,wd? o,EÅd/ aowd? aoEÅd/
twåaemya'- aoaw? aoaEÅ/ aoao? aoa0S/ ½l-296/
uar®-twdoD,aw? twdoD,aEÅ/
um&daw-oma,wdç om,,wdç om,maywdç
om,my,wd/ o,maywdç o,my,wd/
(Oya'o) ]]uGpd"mwGm}}'dem ,rSd &óo&ó "mwGEÅó
'DaCm-[k ½lq\ kd ? xdaYk Mumifh ]]od-oa,}}[k &óESihf ,lrS
'DCjyKEdkifrnf/ {w¬ {um&ó tm,ma'aom? oma,
wd-ponfü {udk tm,jyK/ uGpd"mwlwd tm'dem Pmay
Pmya,ok tm,ma'oó &ówå?H o,maywd ponf
ü tm,\ tmudk &ójyK/
bma0
bma0-oD,aw/
tZÆweD- to,dç o,dç twdaood? twdaookH/
uar®-tpöo, D w d ç¬ tpöo, D çd twdo, D /d bma0-oD,wd /¬
oD-oa, *wd okóaeok
aowdç o,wd(bl) oDPmwd(ud) e-udk PjyK/
oD"mwfonf twda&S;&Su d t"du-vGeu f jJ cif;teuf?
oH-a&S;&Sud oaE´a[-,krH mS ;jcifteuf? ud,m'djzpfrl ygu-
csujf cif;teufwüYkd jzpf\/ twdo,wd? oHo,wd/ £"
oHykAÁwåm ucFg,H/ ("mef#-D 170)
(Oya'o) þokYd tdyjf cif;teufrmS þ'DCESihf oD"mwf[k ouú
#usr;f ? arm*¾vm’ efusr;f wdüYk qdo
k nf? xdx
k u
kd sr;f wdüYk &ó
 65

ESihf ygXfysurf sm;onf? omoemawmfusr;f wdüYk um&eftpOf

r&Sad omaMumifh xdx k tkd &mü 'DC&ó tuGt J jym; ydik ;f jcm;
qkH;jzwfjcif;iSm cJ,Of;vS\? owdxm;av/ ("mwGw)¬
eD-ea,
aewdç e,wd? aeEÅdç e,EÅd/
uar®-eD,aw? eD,aEÅ/ um&daw-
w-e,maywd? e,mayEÅ/d
a[wkuar®- e,myD,aw? e,myD,aEÅ/
tZÆweD- te,dç e,d? te,ðokç e,ðokç 0daeodç 0daeokH/
uar®-teD,dw¬ç eD,dw¬/
erkç er-ere &a0ok
erwd? erEÅd/ erod? erx/ ermrd? ermr/
ya&SU&Sdu- yPrwd? yPrEÅd/ eudk Pjyefyg/
uar®=ersaw? ersaEÅ/ um&daw-emarwdç emr,wd/
a[wkuar®- emrD,aw? yPmrD,aw/
Xm-*wde0d wård dS
Xmwdç wd|wdç oP²[wdç t"da|wd/
uar
uar®-Oy|D,wdç ywd|[D,wd/
tZÆweD- t|mod? t|Hok/ oP²[d? oP²[ðok/
b0dóEÅ-d ywd|dówdç Xówdç ywd|[dówd/
(aqmif) oHykAÁ Xmç t-jzpfcg0,fç uGpm"mwkç okwfjzifh½Iíç
vmrI[ygç Xm&ómESifhç 0*¾efqifhç NyD;vifh oP²[½kyf/
(½lbm#D-2? 328)
66
yg-ygae
ygwdç yd0wdç ydAwd? ygEÅdç yEÅdç yd0EÅdç ydAEÅd/
uar®- yD,aw? yD,aEÅ/ um&daw- yga,wdç yg,,wdç
yg,maywdç yg,my,wd/ a[wkuar®- yg,D,aw/
tZÆweD- tyg,dç tygodç yd0d/ (tyg,-d ü , tm*kH Mu)H
b0dóEÅ-d yd0dówdç yówdç ydówd/
(Oya'o)ygEÅ-d ü a&SUtmudak cs? aemuftudk 'DCjyK? ESpcf k {Mo
ya&mo&-r[kwí f aemuftudk racs&? typön;f udk avm
yaÍöw¬-jzifhacs? 'DCrjyKbJ ]]yEÅd}}[kvnf; &Sd\? yga,wd-
ü ,tm*k?H o'´ew D üd ydówd-ae&m0,f ygówd-[k &S\ d ?
¤if;ñTef;aom q|rl ygVd*gxmonf wpfydk'f wpfae&mqD
jzpf\? q|rlüvnf; ydówd-[kom &Sd\? ed½kwådvnf;
ydówd-yif &S\ d / yga,wd-ponfü ]aemufEpS 0f rSw}f pnf;
azmufae\/ ememaboZÆmed yg,mayod(Zm-2? 117)/
oa&m ydówDwd-t,H oa&m w0 avm[dwH
yd0dówd/ (Zmwu-|-7? 301)
to-bk0d
0wårmef- tw¬d? oEÅd/ tod? tw¬/ trSdç tod®? trSç to®/
yÍörD- tw¬K? oEÅK/ t[d? tw¬/ to®d? to®/
owårD- od,mç tó? od,kHç tókç od,Hok/
tóç od,m? tóx/ tóH? tómr/
tZÆweeD- tmod? tmokHç tmoðok/
tmod? tmodw¬/ tmoð? tmodrS/
 67
b0dóEÅd-b0dówd? b0dóEÅd/ b0dóod? b0dóx/
b0dómrd? b0dómr/
(aqmif) toaemufrSç {,s £,mç {,sKHrSmwkHç £,kH jzpfrIç
"mwkuGpdç to\ tç acsumvüç oAÁw¬okwfç
pD&ifvkyfaomfç jy,k*o f , d mç od,v
Hk m\ç wpfjzm {,sç
ponf0b d wfç 6-&yfwdkYrSmç o"mwGEÅç ó ók ównf;ç
óxESihf óHç wpfzefómrç jzpf&avbdç uGp"d mwkç okwf
jzifhjyKíç jzpfrItóç ykHpHponfç rSwfMuaemifvm tcsKyf
wnf;/ (½lbm#D-2? 331)
(Oya'o)od,o H -k ü £,Hok jyKyg? tmod-ü to+þ? tvmç
o&m oa& avmyHç 'DCHç uGpd"mwkwdkYjzifh pD&if? toAÁ
"mwkau bl-okwt f & toAÁ"mwf0b d wfü to"mwfukd
bljyKí tb0D ponfvnf; jzpfEdkifao;\/
þ to-"mwfü "mwGw¬wdkYudk owdjyKí ½kyfpOf
&m\? ,if;"mwGww ¬ u
Ykd kd "mwGwo¬ *F[ü jyqdo
k nft
h wdik ;f
xkwjf yygOD;rnf/
taom bl bl*wsm'geç 'dwådacys.'ae ud bl?
oGm wk oCFmwAsmayokç oGm.ok Asmay 'd acyae/
to"mwfonf xif&mS ;&Sjd cif;? oGm;jcif;? ,ljcif;? xGe;f
yjcif;? ypfy,fjcif;teufwdkYü bl0g'd? tw¬d ponfpOf/
t'e-pm;jcif;teufü toémwd(ud)? towd(bl)?
aygif;pkjcif;? ysHUESHUjcif; teufwdkYü toéKaw(oGm)/
xdek nf;wlpmG tjcm;aom"mwfwüYkd vnf; xd"k mwfwYkd
68

\ ½d;k &ma[maeus "mwGwr¬ S wpfyg; tjcm;aom"mwfeuf

udkvnf; owdjyKí ½kyfpOf&ygrnf/
jAL-0d,wå, d H 0gpm,H
0wårmef- jALwdç jA0Dwdç tm[? jAKEÅdç jAK0EÅdç tm[k/
jALod? jALx/ jALrd? jALr/
jALaw? jAK0aEÅ/ jALao? jALa0S/ jAKa0? jALarS/
yÍörD- jALwkç jA0Dwk? jAK0EÅK/
owårD- jAKa0,sç jAKa0? jAKa0,sKH/
[d,sweå -D tjAK0g? tjAK0l/ (½l)
tjA0g? tjA0l/ tjAa0g? tjA0w¬/ tjA0H? tjA0rSm/
tjA0w¬? tjA0w¬KH/ tjA0ao? tjA00SH/
tjA0ð? tjA0rSao/ ( eDwyd '-146)
ya&mu©m-tm[? tm[kç tm[Hok/ jAa0? jA0dw¬/ jA0H? jA0drS/
jA0dw¬? jA0da&/ jA0daw¬m? jA0da0Sg/ jA0ð? jA0darS/
tZÆweD- tjA0dç tjAK0d? tjA0kH/ tjAa0g? tjA0dw¬/
tjA0ð? tjA0drSm/
tjA0g? tjA0l/ tjA0ao? tjA0d0HS/
tjA0H? tjA0darS/
b0dóEÅ-d jAK0dówd? jAK0dóEÅd/
umvmwdywdå-tjAK0dó? tjAK0dóHok/ (½l)
tjA0dóm? tjA0dóHok/ (eDw)d
uar®-jAL,aw? jAL,aEÅ/ (bm#Dç eDw)d
(Oya'o) jA0Dw-d ü 0k'j¨d yKç t0jyKç o&acs/ tm[-ü jAL+t+wd?
 69

jALudk tm[ç wdudktjyK/ jAK0EÅd ponfü o&aESmif;&mü

psvmerd,0k g paomokwjf zifh O0jyK? ½ltvdk o&aESmif;&mü
O0jyK í Asn;f aESmif;&mü O0rjyKbcJ sn;f pOfyg/ jA0Dwük
]]jALawm þ}} [laom a,m*0dbm*jzifh þvmyg? eDwd
"mwk-ü [d,swåeD 0SHç rSao 0dbwfwkdY0,f ]]tjA0SH? tjA0d
rSao}}[k &Sd\/
[e-[ðom*wdok
[ewdç 0"wdç 0a"wdç [EÅd?
[eEÅdç 0"EÅdç 0a"EÅdç [EÅd/ (*P²)d
uar®- [nawç 0"D,aw/
um&daw-w-Cmawwdç Cmw,wd/ 0a"wdç 0",wd/
owår-D [ae,sç [ae? [ae,sKH/
uar®- [anxç 0"Da,x? [an&Hç 0"Da,&H/
b0dóEÅ-d [edówdç 0"dówdç y#d[edówd (y#d[cFgrd)/
[aem bl [ðom*wsH Oç O*¢gaw oH wk oH[aw?
tm tmCmaw 'd 0d[ðoç C¥aeok y0wåwd/
[e"mwfonf bl0g'dü [ðom*wdteuf? Oa&SU&Su d O*¢gw-
EIwyf ,fzsuq f ;D jcif;? oHa&SU&Su
d oH[w-aygif;pkjcif;? tm
a&SU&Sdu tmCmw-&efNidK;zGJUjcif;ü jzpf\? 'd0g'd*kdPf;jzifrl
[ðo-yifyef;jcif;? C¥e-xdcu kd jf cif;wdüYk jzpf\/ ("mwGw)¬
[nwd-onf bl0g'dü ur®½kyfjzpfí 'd0g'dü uwåK
½kyf jzpfEikd o
f nfuv kd nf; od&m\/ [nwdç 0d[nwdç y#d[
nwd-p onfjzifh 'd0g'duwåK½kyfjzpf\/
70

(aqmif) ywd+[eç wnfNy;D rSvQiçf u&óvmç oypö,mjzifçh

ómrd ócsn;f ç cjyKNy;D aomfç okwBf u;D uGpçd "mwk0ad Mumifçh
e\AdEK´ ç jzpfrw
I pfzefç 0*¾eqf ufbçd y#d[cFgç rdNy;D &mwnf;?
wpfjzm [eç tmykArÁ çl óHrS óudçk qjyKqí kd ç xdv Yk q
kd uf
jyefç tm[ÍH äç ykHpHNyD;owJh/ (½lbm#D-2? 335)
[k-'gem'e[Asy'Ü gaeok
mef- Zka[mwdç Zk[Gwd? Zka[mEÅdç Zk[GEdÅ/
0wårme
Zka[modç Zk[God? Zka[mxç Zk[Gx/
Zka[mrdç Zk[Grd? Zka[mrç Zk[Gr/
uar®- [l,aw? [l,aEÅ/
um&daww-Zk[ma0wdç Zk[m0,wd/ (½l-334)
tZÆweD- tZk[0d? tZk[0kHç tZka[mokH/
tZka[mod? tZk[0dw¬/ tZk[0ð? tZk[0drSm/
uar®- t[l,dw¬/
[m-pma*
Z[mwd? Z[EÅd/
uar
uar®- [D,awç Z[D,aw? [D,aEÅç Z[D,aEÅ/
um&daw
w-Z[maywdç [maywdç [my,wd/(½l-334))
a[wkuar®- Z[myD,aw? Z[myD,aEÅ/
tZÆweD- tZ[mod? tZ[mokHç tZ[ðok/
yZ[d? yZ[kHç yZ[ðokç yZ[Hok/
uar®- yZ[D,dw¬ç yZ[D,d/
 71

pZ-pma*
pZwd? pZEÅd/ uar®-pZD,aw? pZD,aEÅ/
'g-'gae
0wårmef- a'wdç 'ZÆwdç ''gwd/
a'rdç 'ZÆmrdç ''grdç 'r®d?
a'rç 'ZÆmrç ''grç 'r®/
uar®-'D,awç 'D,sawç 'd,saw/
uar
owår-D a',s? a',sKH/ a',smod? a',smx/
a',smrd? a',smr/
'a',s? 'a',sKH/ 'aZÆ,s? 'aZÆ,sKH/ (quf&ef)
'ZÆm? 'ZÆKH/ 'ZÆmod? 'ZÆmx/ 'ZÆmrdç 'ZÆH? 'ZÆmr/
[d,sweå D-t''g? t''l/ t'a'g? t''w¬/ t''H? t''rS/
tZÆweD- t''dç t'ZÆdç t'god?
t''kHç t''ðokç t'ZÆðokç t'gokHç t'Hok/
t'godç ta'g? t'dw¬/
t'goð? t'godrSç t'rS/
uar®-t'D,dw¬ç t'D,sdç t'D,d/
b0dóEÅd-''dówdç 'ZÆdówdç 'ówd/
(Oya'o) 'd,saw-ü 'g+,+aw ? þjyK? , a'Gabmfvm?
þudk £&ójyK? ok,sw-d uJo h wYkd u
G f(*P²-d 3? 279)/ 'ZÆm-
ü {,sudk tmjyK? 'ZÆH-ü {,smrd-udk tHjyK? 'ZÆKH paom
<uif;½kyfwdkYü uGpd"mwk jzifhyif {,sKHponfwdkY\ {,sudk
acsyg/
72
"m-"m&aP
0wårmef- '"mwdç '[wd? '"EÅdç '[EÅd/
uar®-"D,awç "D,wd? yd"D,awç yd"D,wd/
um&daw w-yd"maywdç yd"my,wd/
yd'[maywdç yd'[my,wd/(½l-334)
ed-eda"wdç ed'[wd/ 0d-0d'[wdç 0d'"mwd/ tm-tm'[
wd/ tbd-tbd"D,aw/ oH-o'´[wdç o'´[mwd/ tyd-
yd'[wd? yd", D wd? tyd",D wd/ y&d-y&d'[wd/ t0-Mo'[
wd? t0"D,aw/ tEÅ&-tEÅ&"m,wd(eDwd "mwk-228 ü
'd? "myef;-ü pk-[k qdxk m;\)/ y-y'[wd/ tEk-0d-tEk0d"D
,wd/ ok-ok[dawm(udwf)/
"m "m& 'geaygorSdç ed wk Esmao 0d u&aP?
tm tma&may bd bmao pç oH o'¨[eoE¨dok/
tyd tpäm'ae pmydç y&dykaAÁm ed0goae?
t0ykaAÁm o0ae ap0ç tEÅa&m 'd t'óae/
yykaAÁm y"mae tEkç 0dykaAÁm Ek0du&aP?
okyak AÁm wdwaå w¬pmwdç taeuaw¬ok 'dówd/(bm#D)
tZÆweD- '"modç yd'[d/
b0dóEÅd-"ówdç yd'[dówdç y&d'a[ówd/
uar®- "D,dóawç yd'[D,dóawç y&d'[D,dóaw/
(aqmif) tyd+"m+tç jzpfNyD;rSaomfç a'GabmftAÇmç &óm
vnf;vkyçf awok0'k jf zifçh r½Iy&f apç tudak csavmç wpfaxG
uGpdç "mwk0dum;ç "\twGufç [jyKqufonfç rSwfcsuf
yd'[ ½kyfwGufjy/(½lbm#D-2? 340)
 73
(Oya'o) "Da&m-ü ]]"ma&wDwd "Da&m? "m+&? "m\tmudk
þjyKí}} udw½f yk Nf y;D aom arm*¾vm’ ef(arm*f-7? 145)tvdk
"m"mwfudkyif ½kyfpOfEdkif\/
0do,y&dnmaPe '[wd y#dyau© aoma"wDwd
"Da&m-[k udwf½kyfjyKaom (r#D-3? 41)udk '["mwf,lu
'[-"mwfudkpOf? "m-"mwf\ aom"ew¬ rawGU&aomf
vnf; "mwleHtaeuw¬wåm-t& "m"mwfudkyif,lí pOf
uvnf; jzpfEdkifrnf[k xif\/
"Dyk'f+&ypönf;jzifh w'¨dwftjzpf,lu ] "D }yk'f\ aps
"mwf? "m"mwf? Ze"mwf("mef#D-152 *gxm)wkdYudk ,lí
pOfEikd o
f nf/ "&"mwf+uG?d þ-[k cG&J mü "&"mwfuv kd nf;
,lí pOfEikd o f nf/ psm,wDwd "D? "ma&wDwd "D? ocFga&ok
"Duma&m Zm,wd {wm,mwd "D?-[k jyK? ½kyfpOfyg/
"Do'´Lyy' &m"mwfjzifh udwEÅormofBuu H &m"mwf
jzifh &mwdç &EÅd ponfjzifhvnf; pOfEdkifonfom/
o&-pdEmÅ ,H
o&"mwfonf atmufarhjcif;? ysif;&djcif;? n§if;qJ
jcif;? toHjyKjcif;teufwdkYü jzpfrl bl0g'd/ ypfy,fjcif;? csJU
jzefYjcif;wkdYü jzpfrl pk&m'd/ *wdteufü jzpfrl blpk wnf;/
o&wd(bl) oma&wdç om&,wd(pk)/
uar®-o&D,aw? o&D,aEÅ/
um&daw- oma&wdç om&,wdç o&maywdç o&my,wd/
a[wkuar®- om&D,awç om&,D,awç o&myD,awç
o&my,D,aw/
74

b&-"m&P aygoaeok
b&wd? b&EÅd/ uar®-b&D,aw ponf/
0dZ-D b, pvaeok
0dZwdç a0Zwd(bl) 0dZÆwd('d) Oa&S;&Sdu- OAÁdZÆwd/
uar®- a0ZD,awç 0dZÆawç oH0dZÆaw/
a[wkuwå&d- a0aZwdç oHa0aZwdç a0Z,wd/
(Oya'o) oHa0a*g? OAÁda*¾g? oH0da*¾g? oH0dZÆEÅd-ponfwkdYvnf;
enf;wl? oH0da*¾g-ü ZÆudk *¾ jyK/ ("myef;)
[&-[&aP
[&"mwfonf ya&S;&Sdu y[m&-½kdufESufykwfcwf
jcif;? oH-oH[m&-pk½kH;aygif;pnf;jcif;? 0d tm-0p-pum;
qdjk cif;? ty-'l&u
D &P-a0;atmifjyKjcif;? 0d-0d[m&-aejcif;?
tm-tm[m&-rsKdjcif;? y&d-edpöabm*-tjrJokH;aqmifjcif;?
Oy-ylZm,H-ylaZmfjcif;? ed-edu¹e-ESix
f w
k jf cif;? tbd-tbd
[&P-a&S;½Iaqmifjcif;wdkYü jzpf\/
[a&m [ma& y y[ma&? oH oH[ma& 0d tm 0ap/
ty 'l&Du&aP 0d? 0d[ma& tm wk tm[a&/
y&d edpöabma* Oy? ylZm,H ed edu¹ae/
[&wd? y[&wd? oH[&wdç oHC&wd? Asm[&wd?
ty[&wd? 0d[&wd? tm[&wd? y&d[&wd? Oy[&wd? eD
[&wd? tbd[&wd/
 75

[o-[oe oa'´ok
[owd? [oEÅd/ uar®-[od,aw? [od,aEÅ/
um&daw-[maowdç [mo,wdç [omaywdç [omy,
wd/ a[wkuar®-[omyD,aw? [omyD,aEÅ/
(Oya'o) odwH ygwGmumod-ü odwu H kd "mwGwü¬ [o"mwf
[kyif qdk\/ [oeH odwH-[k 0pew¬jyKum [odwH-[l
vdkvsuf [udkacs-[k qdkvdk\/ "mef#D(175)ü ]]rd[-þoH
[oae? bma0 awm? rd[dó osma'aom? odwH}} [k
qdk\/ rd[eH þoH[oeH odwH-[k jyK? rd[wH-[lvdkvsuf
rd[udk odjyKyg/ (eJ) rS,eH rE´[odwH odw-H [k jyK? rS"d mwf?
wypönf;? rSwd H-[lvdkvsuf rSdudk odjyKí odwH-[k NyD;av
onf/ arm*¾vm’ ef enf;wl/ rd[ESihf rSu
d m; A[Gu&© ç tyÜu&©
om xl;\/
tudç tuFç tHu-*wd vu©aPok
tuFwd(bl) tauFwdç tuF,wd(pk)/
uar®-tuÐ,aw? tuÐ,aEÅ/
(Oya'o) tud"mwfEiS hf tuFç tHu "mwfwo Ykd nf oabmwl
Mu\/ ]]£tu©&mç tqkH;ygonfhç bl0gESifh pkç "mwfESpfckç
AdE´Kvm&onf}}[lonfESifh tnDwnf;/ yef;ukH;üum;-bl
0g'd*kdPf;? pk&m'd*kdPf; qdkif&mü-
1/ oH,kwftqkH;r&Sdjcif;?
2/ taeuó&"mwfjzpfjcif;?
3/ £tu©&m tEkAef yg&Sdjcif;- þvu©PmokH;rsKd;
76

ESifh jynhfpkHaom"mwf jzpfvQif tjrJ ed*¾[dwfvm&onf[k

owfrw S jf yonf/
(aqmif) blEiS hf pk"mwfç oH,wk v
f wT í
f ç aeuó&ç £qk;H uç
vm& ed*¾[dwf/ "myef;/
yv’auFm-paom ykHpHwdkYüum; udwfyk'fMuHu tudç
tuF"mwf? udwEÅormofMuHu u&"mwfudk,lEdkifonf/
p&-p&aP
p&wd? p&EÅd/ uar®-p&D,aw? p&D,aEÅ/
um&daw-pma&wdç pm&,wdç p&maywdç p&my,wd/
a[wkuar®-p&myD,aw? p&myD,aEÅ/
cdy-tAswo å a'´ç ay&aP 0g
cdywd(bl) cdyÜwd('d) cdykPmwd(oGm)
uar®- cdyD,aw? cdyD,aEÅ/ um&daw-cdygaywdç cdygy,
wd/ a[wkuar®-cdygyD,aw? cdygyD,aEÅ/
(Oya'o) cdy"mwfonf tAswåo'´-ü blwnf;? ay&Pw¬-ü
bl 'd oGm wnf;/ acwåH(v,f)ü cdy"mwf? cdwåo'´Lyy'
wm"mwf-[k "mwfESpfrsKd; ,lEdkifonf/
t'-bu©e &u©aPok
t'wdç ta'wd? t'EÅdç ta'EÅd/
uar®-t'D,aw? t'D,aEÅ/
(Oya'o) udk,fa[m twåo'´gü t'"mwf+rmefypönf;? tm-
"m"mwf+wypönf;[k 2-enf;cGJEdkifonf/
 77

cg'-bu©ae
cg'wd? cg'EÅd/ uar®-cg'D,awç cZÆaw? cZÆaEÅ/
um&daw-cg'gaywd? cg'gayEÅd/ cg'gy,wd? cg'gy,EÅd/
a[wkuar®-cg'gyD,aw? cg'gyD,aEÅ/
cEk-t0'g&aP
cewd? ceEÅd/ uar®-ced,awç cnaw/
um&daw- cemaywdç cemy,wd/
a[wkuar®-cemyD,aw? cemyD,aEÅ/
yw-*wd,H £óa& 0g
ywwd(bl) ywswd('d) yawwdç yw,wd(pk)/
uar®-ywD,aw? ywD,aEÅ/
um&daw-ygawwdç ygw,wdç ygwmaywdç ygwmy,wd/
a[wkuar®-ygwmyD,aw/
(Oya'o) ywwd {w¬mwd yawåm(cGuf? oydwf)? "mef#D-443
tvdk yw-*wd,?H w/ ywawm wm,wDwd yawåm(cGu)f ?
½l-412? olp-d tvdk ywo'´Lyy' wm"mwf? typön;f / ygwd
&u©wd taeemwd yawåm(0d-wdy)d tvdk yg"mwf+wåypön;f
cGJ,lí qdkif&m"mwfudkvnf; pOfEdkifonf/
t,-*wd,H
t,wd? t,EÅd/ uar®-t,D,aw? t,D,aEÅ/
um&daw-tma,wdç tm,,wdç tm,maywdç tm,m
y,wd/ a[wkuar®-tm,myD,aw? tm,myD,aEÅ/
78

(Oya'o) 'DCm0k-ü 'DC+tm,k [k y'apä'jyK? t,EÅd y0wå

EÅd owåm {awemwd tm,k(arm*f-7? 1)t,"mwf? Pk/
(eJ){EÅd *päEÅd y0wåEÅd owåm {awemwd tm,k(½l-404)£
"mwf? *wdrSd? Pkypönf;/ (eJ)tm,0EÅd rdóDb0EÅd owåm
{awemwd tm,k("mwGw¬? eDwd"mwk)? tm orEÅawm
,kemwd ygavwd oawåwd tm,k(ty|-2? 134)wdYk tvdk
tmykAÁ ,k"mwf? Pkypönf;wnf;/ ,k"mwfudk "mwGw¬ ü
bl pk uD-[k qd\ k ? ty'gef|-ü ]],kaemwd}}[k &S\ d ? ,k"mwf
,lu atmufygtwdkif;pOfyg/
a,mwdç ,0wd(bl) ,kemwd(uD) ,ma0wdç ,m0
,wd(pk)/ uar®-,0D,aw? ,0D,aEÅ/
(Oya'o) ,k"mwfonf rdóeç trdóeç *wdteufwüYkd bl0g
'd? Zd*kpäteufü pk? AE¨eteufü uD wnf;? a,mwd-[l
aom½kyu f kd eDwEd iS hf "mwGww
¬ Ydk jyí xnfv
h u
kd o
f nf? "myef;
ü rjyqdkyg/
okc-wH Bu,
d m,H
okcwd(bl) okacwdç okc,wd(pk)
um&daw-(okacwdç okc,wd)okcgaywdç okcgy,wd/
(Oya'o) o'´ew D üd bl0g'd tur®u [l\(eDw"d m-19)? avm
uDusr;f wdüYk um; pk&m'd our®u-[l\? twåmeH okacwd-
½kyfonf pk&m'd½kyfwnf;/ ("mwGw¬)
okcH-yk'fü ]]okc"mwf? okykAÁ cg'"mwf? okykAÁ cEk
"mwf}}wkuYd v kd nf;,lí(eDw"d mwk-369)pOfEikd yf gonf/
 79

pD0-tm'geoH0a&ok 'dw, då H 0g
pD0wd? pD0EÅd (bl)? pDa0wdç pD0,wd (pk)/
(Oya'o) eDwd"mwkü ]]pd0-(pk)[k £&ójzifh &Sdae\? pD0&H
(ouFe;f )[laomyk'üf pd"mwf+þ0&ypön;f (upf)? pD0"mwf
typön;f ? &ufypön;f -[k ESpef nf;cGyJ g? pD,wDwd pD0&H(upf)?
pD0wd 'dAÁwDwd pD0&H? pD0d,aw oH0&d,aw taee um
a,mwd pD0&H("mwGw)¬ / pd"mwf+0&? 'DCjyK/ pD&awm 0&H
pD0&H-(ormof)[k jyK? &udkacsvnf; [lMu\(0d-wdyd"mef)?
wdw¬dt0wfxuf jrwfaomt0wf-[lvdk/
(2)½k"m'd*Pdu
½k"-tm0&aP
½kE¨wdç ½kE¨dwdç ½kE¨Dwdç ½kaE¨wdç ½kaE¨mwd/
uar®-ed½kZÑaw? ed½kZÑaEÅ/ (½l)
½kE¨D,aw? ½kE¨D,aEÅ/ (ed½w k )då
um&daw
w-a&ma"wdç a&m",wd ponf/
qd'-d 'd"G mu&aP
qdE´wd? qdE´EÅd/ uar®-qdZÆaw? qdZÆaEÅ/
b0dóEÅd-qdE´dówdç aqpäwdç aqpdäwd? qdE´dóEÅdç aqpä EÅd/
uar®-qdZdÆóaw? qdZdÆóaEÅ/
tZÆweeD- tqdEçd´ qdEçd´ tapä pä?d tqdE´o ð çk qdE o
ð´ çk tapä po
ðä /k
uar®-tqdZÆdw¬ç qdZÆd/
(aqmif) aqpäd abpäçd ½kyaf e&Srd çl qð'd taeç AdEK´ acsíç waxG
uGpdç "mwk0djzifhç 'dü 'f½Iç päf jyK&efç upönf;ÓPfç MuHzefNyD;
80

Edkifonf/ (½lbm-2? 344)

(Oya'o)aqpäw-d ü qd'+d ówdç typön;f oufç ed*[ ¾ w
d v
f mç
ed*¾[dwfacsç {0k'¨djyK? oypö,jzifh óudkqjyK? AsÍÆeEÅó-
jzifh 'fukd pjyKç tudk okwBf u;D jzifah cs/ aqpäw
d -d ü £vmyg/
tapä päd- ü qd'd"mwf? typönf;ouf? ed*¾[dwfvm?
qð'+-D [k jzpf&m AsÍÆaepjzifh ed*¾[dwfacs? qd ü £udk
{0k'¨djyK? okwfBuD;jzifh 'fudk päfjyK? aqü a'Gabmf pfvmyg/
bd'd-0d'g&aP
bdE´wd? bdE´EÅd/ (qd'd twdkif;pOf)
,kZ-a,ma*
,kÍÆwd? ,kÍÆEÅd/ uar®-,kZÆaw? ,kZÆaEÅ/
bkZ-ygve As0[m&aPok
bkÍÆwd? bkÍÆEÅd/ um&daw
w-abmaZwdç abmZ,wd/
b0dóEÅ-d bkÍÆdówdç abmu©wd/
rkp-armpae
armpae-pGefYvTwfjcif;ü? rkÍöwd/ (½k)
armau©-vGwfuif;jcif;ü? rkpöwd/ ('d)
uuúe omaXa,-trIefYjyKjcif; pOf;vJjcif;ü/
armpwd/ (bl) "mwGw¬/
rkÍöwd? rkÍöEÅd/ uar®-rkpöaw? rkpöaEÅ/
um&daw- armapwd? armp,wd? armpmaywd ponf/
twåaemya'- armp,aw? armpmy,aw/
 81

a[wkuar®- armpD,aw? armp,D,aw? armpmyD,aw?

armpmy,D,aw/
b0dóEÅ-d rkÍödówd? rkÍdöóEÅd/ armu©wd? armu©EÅd/
(Oya'o) abmu©wdç armu©wd-wdkYü bkZf+t+ówd [k jzpf
aomtcg ed*[ ¾ wd af cs? okwBf u;D jzifh t-udak cs? óudk cjyK?
oHa,m*EÅrjzpfrD bkudk 0k'¨djyK? aumac p-jzifh Zfudk ufjyK?
Ny;D \/ armu©w-d üvnf; þenf;twdik ;f wGu/f 'd0g'dü rkpw ö -d
vGu\ f /
(aqmif) rkÍöwdrSmç ½kyf ½k"mç pm*g vTwfjcif; uH&Sdwnf;/
rkpöwdrSmç ½kyf 'd0gç armu©m vGufjcif; uHrJhwnf;/
(3)'d0g'*d Pdu
'd0-k uDVm /y/ *wDok
'dAÁwd? 'dAÁEÅd/ uar®- 'dAÁawç 'dAÁaEÅ/
um&daww-a'a0wdç a'0,wd ponf/ (½l-335)
(Oya'o) 'd0+k ,+wd? 0jyK? a'Gabmfvm? 0 2 vk;H udk A2 vk;H jyK?
½l-Esmo/ wpfenf;= 0jyK? 0udk AjyK? a'Gabmfvmyg/ ½l#/D
wpfenf;= ur®½kyfwGufyg/ (½lbm#D-2? 347)
udvod -Oywmy rvdaeok
udvdówd('d) udvdowd(bl) udvdoémwd(uD)/
(Oya'o) udvdaom 'd Oywmyç rvdae bluD Am"ae?-t&
udvdo"mwfonf 'd-ü ylavmifjcif;? npfnL;jcif;teuf?
bl uD-ü ESdyfpuf wm;jrpfjcif; teufwdkYü jzpf\/
82
eo-emao 0auF 0g
eówd? eóEÅd ('d)? eowd (bl)/
um&daw-emaowdç emo,wd/
rSwcf su=f bl0g'dü 0uF-aumufuspfjcif; teufwnf;/
y'-*wdrdS
OyÜZÆwd? OyÜZÆEdÅ/ y'wd(bl) yZÆwd('d) ya'wdç y',
wd(pk)/ uar
uar®-y#dyZÆaw? y#dyZÆaEÅ/
um&daw-w-OyÜga'wdç OyÜg',wd ponf/
[d,sweå D-O'yZÆm/
(O'yZÆx? twåaemyk'f w¬udk xjyK? t vm? 'vm)
tZÆweeD- OyÜZÆdç OyÜZÆDç O'yg'd/
(Oya'o) O+y'+,? okwBf u;D jzifh ,udak csç tanokjzifh y\
tudk tm0k'¨d jyKç ' vmyg/ *P²dü uGpd"mwkjzifh 'DCjyK\/
Ak"-t0*rae
AkZÑwd? AkZÑEÅd/ ((,ypö,y&wåm e 0k')d¨
uar®-AkZÑaw? AkZÑaEÅ/
um&daww- aAma"wdç AkZÑmaywd ponf/
,k"+orÜ[ma&ma&- ,kZÑwd? ,kZÑEÅd/
uk"+aumay
+aumay-ukZÑwd? ukZÑEÅd/
0d'+wmVae-
+wmVae-0ddZÑwd? 0dZÑEÅd/
0dp+0da0au-0dpöwdç 0d0dpöwd/ uar®-0dpöawç 0d0dpöaw/
um&daw-0da0apwd/ a[wkuar®-0da0pmyD,aw/
 83
(Oya'o) 0dp"mwfonf 0da0uteufü bl-'d? ykxkuúm&-t
oD;jyKjcif;teufü ½k"m'dwnf;/ 0dpwdç 0da0pwd(bl) 0d0dpö
wd('d) 0dÍöwd(½k)/
e[+AE¨ae-
e-oEé,Swd? oEé,SEÅd/ ([0dy&d,a,m-[laom
a,m*0dbm*jzifh [ESifh , a&SUaemufjyef)
re+ÓaP-- rnwd? rnEÅd/ uar®-rnaw? rnaEÅ/
re+ÓaP
re-"mwfonf bl-w-'d jzpfrl odjcif;ü? bl-pk jzpfrl
rmefral xmifvmT ;jcif;ü? bljzpfrl tzefwvJvjJ zpfjcif; ylaZmf
jcif;wdkYü? pk-jzpfrl aqmifjcif;ü jzpf\/("mwGw)¬
rewd(bl) rnwd('d) raemwdç rEkaw(w) rmaewdç
rme,wd(pk)/
'g+tm'gae-e-oHç tm-orm'd,wd? orm'd,EÅd/
(uGp"d mwk jzif,h ypön;f aMumifh "mwGetf mudk £jyKyg)
wko+yDwrd -dS wkówd? wkóEÅd/
um&daw w- awmaowdç awmo,wd ponf/
Oyoar-- or®wd? or®EÅd/
ork+Oyoar
um&daw w- oarwdç or,wd/ (C#m'dwmå e 0k')d¨
+aumay-- ukyÜwd? ukyÜEÅd/ um&daw- aumaywd ponf/
uky+aumay
Ze+Zeae--Zm,wdç Zm,EÅd/ (Zem'DerSmokwfü Zem'DerSm [l
Ze+Zeae
aom a,m*0dbm*jzifh ,aMumifh "mwGef efudk tmjyK)
(eJ) uGp"d mwk jzifh efuakd cs? Zü 'DCjyK/ (upfbm#D-2? 365)
uar®-ZeD,wd? ZeD,EÅd/ um&daw w-Zaewdç Ze,wd/
tZÆweD-tZm,dç tZeDç ZeD/ ,udk okwfBuD;jzifh acsyg/
84

wm+ygvae- wm,wd? wm,EÅd/ tZÆweD- twm,Dç wm,D/

owårD- wma,,sç wma,? wma,,sKH ponf/
te+ygPZD0aeok- tewd(bl)? tEswd('d)/ ygPau-ü yykAÁ
te"mwf? PGKypönf;wnf;? e udk PjyKyg/
0g+*wdAE¨*aE¨o-k 0gwd(bl) 0g,wd('d) 0gy,wd(pk)?
0g"mwfonf 'dbljzpfrl oGm;jcif; zGJUjcif; jyjcif;wdkYü?
0g-jzwfjcif;? 0g-n§if;qJjcif;wdkYü jzpf\? pkjzpfrl csrf;omodkY
a&mufjcif;ü¤if;? oGm;jcif; rSD0Jjcif;ü¤if; jzpf\/ "mwGw/¬
(Oya'o)tm'De0-ü tm'Deo'´Lyy' 0g "mwf? typönf;?
tm'Deü tm ykAÁ 'D"mwf? £eypönf;? eykHvdif/
(eJ) tm'De0-ü tm'Deo'´Lyy' 0D"mwf? t/ 0D"mwf,u l
bl'ud /D a0wdç 0g,wd(bl) 0D,wd('d) 0Demwdç 0demwd(uD)/
(eJ) tm'De0-ü tmykAÁ 'De"mwf? 0D(0g) "mwf? t?-[k
"mwfESpfrsKd;(rpä,k*v)jzifh "mwGw¬yef;ukH;jy\/ ]]tm
bkaom 'DeH 0g,wd *r,wDwd tm'Dea0g? 'De 'k*¾w
bma0? a0g? 0D *rae p}}[laom "mef#(D 766)udk ud;k xm;\?
eDwd"mwk? "mwGw¬wdkYü 'De"mwfudk rawGU&? eDwd"mwk ]]'D
ca,}} (226) ü tm'DeH 'ku©H 0gwd t"d*päwd {awemwd
tm'Dea0g-[k 0d*[ ¾ jyí 'Daemç tm'Dea0g-udk ykpH x H wk \ f /
yef;uk;H ü 'De"mwfukd jyqdak omfvnf; tmcsmwf½yk u f kd rjy/
"mef#(D 739)üum; 'De 'k*w ¾ bma0? 'Daem? 'd ca,
0g þaem-[k qdkxm;ao;\/ 'D ca,? 'Daem/ (½l-386)
 85

(4)oGm'd *Pdu
ok-o0aP
okaPmwd? okPEÅd/ okaPmod? okaPmx/ (Pk)
okPmwd? okPEÅ/d okPmodç okPod? okPmxç okPx/
okPmrd? okPmr/ (Pm)
uar®-ol,aw? ol,aEÅ/ ok,sw?d ok,sE/dÅ ol,sw?d
ol,sEÅd/ um&daw w-oma0wdç om0,wd ponf/
tZÆweD-tokPdç okPd? tokPðokç okPðok/ quf/
(eJ) taómod? taómoðok/
taómod? taómodw¬/
taómoð? taómodrSmç taómodrS/
uar®- tol,dw¬ç tol,d/
b0dóEÅd-okPdówdç aomówd/
uar®- ol,dóaw/
(Oya'o) okPEÅd-ü okaPm+tEÅd-[kjzpf&m a&SUMoudkacs?
aemuftodYk uyfyg/ okPod-ü uGp"d mwkjzifh Pm\tmudk
t&ójyK? ol,aw-ü ,ypö, aESmif;u'DCm/ ok,sw-d
ü a'GabmfvmNy;D &ójyK/ taómod-üuGp"d mwkjzifh Pm
ypön;f udak cs? PmraESmif;awmhaomaMumifh tanokp jzifh
0k'¨djyKç oa'Gabmfvmç owårZÆwedrSdjzifh ovmyg/
[d+*wdr-dS [daemwdç [dPmwdç [dPwd/
ya&SU&Sdu- y[dPmwdç y[dPwd? y[dPEÅd/
tZÆweD- y[dPdç yga[od/
86

(Oya'o) yga[od-ü y+[d+Pm+þ? Pmudk uGp"d mwkjzifah cs?

tZÆweDaMumifhtvm? y\tudkacs? 'DCjyK? [dü£udk
{0k'jd¨ yK?ovmí Ny;D ap/ "mwGwü¬ y["mwfMuí
H ]]yga[od}}
[k 0wårmefykHpHxkwf\/ xdktvdk y[+pk&m'd aP+tZÆ
þ? 0k'¨djyKç ovmí wGufyg/ arm*¾v’me"mwkygXü [d
"mwfudk wem'd-[k jyqdkxm;ygonf? xdktvdk y[dPwd-
udk y-[d+Mo+wd wnf? Mo0du&Pypönf;udk acs? e vm?
eudk PjyK? y[dPwd-apvTwf\?-[k NyD;\/ ("myef;)
&aP- 0kwd (bl) 0kaPmwdç 0kPmwd (oGm)/
0k+oH0&aP
&m"-edymæ 'ae
&m""mwfonf 'd0g'djzpfrl oHo'd , d¨ -H Ny;D pD;jcif;ü? oGm
'djzpfrl edyæm'ae-NyD;apjcif;ü? tma&SU&Sdrl awmoae-ESpf
oufjcif;ü? tya&SU&Srd l y'k|rS-d ysupf ;D (jypfrmS ;)jcif;ü jzpf\/
&ZÑwdç ty&ZÑwd('d) &m"kPmwd(oGm)/
uar®-&m"D,aw? &m"D,aEÅ/
um&daw-&ma"wdç &m",wd/ tm&ma"wdç tm&m",wd/
ty&ma"wd ponf/
tZÆweD- tm&m",dç tm&m",D? tm&m",ðok/
a[wkuar®-&m"D,awç tm&m"D,aw/ um&dwfaus/
rd+yau©ayy- rdaemwd (rdEkaw)? rdeEÅd (oGm)/ rdemwd (ud)/
rd,wd ('d)/ uar®-rd,sawç rD,awç rdeD,wd/
um&daw-rdemaywdç rdemy,wd/ a[wkuar®-rdemyD,aw/
 87

(Oya'o) rdaemwd-ponfü uGpd"mwk jzifh Pudk ejyKyg/

ty+ygyP
k ae
ae- yykAÁ-ygykPmwd? ygykPEÅd/ (oGm)
yayÜmwd? yayÜmEÅd(wem'd)/ uar
uar®-ygyD,aw? ygyD,aEÅ/
um&daw-ygaywdç ygy,wd/ a[wkuar®-ygyD,aw/
ou+owdrå dS- ouúKPmwd? ouúKPEÅd/ (oGm'd)
oauúmwd? oauúmEÅd/ (wem'd)
tZÆweD- tou©dç ou©d? tou©ðokç ou©ðok/
tou©dç ou©d? tou©dw¬ç tu©dw¬/
tou©ðç ou©ð?
tou©drSmç ou©drSmç tou©drSç ou©drS/
b0dóEÅçd umvmwdywåd
ou©ó d wd? ou©ó d EÅ/d tou©ód ? tou©ó d o H /k
(Oya'o) tou©d-ponfü ou+OPm+þ? uGpd"mwkjzifh
"mwGefufudk cjyK? ua'Gabmfvm? okwBf u;D jzifh OPmudak cs?
þudk &ójyK? tvmí NyD;yg/
(aqmif) ou"mwf\ç tou©dudkç uGpd"mwkç u-cjyKvsufç
uvnf;qufumç a'Gabmfvmç rsm;pGmNyD;Edkifonf/
(5)ud,m'd*Pdu
uD-'AÁ0ed rd a,
udPmwd? udPEÅd/ 0dudúPmwd? 0dudúPEÅd/
uar®-uD,aw? uD,aEÅ/ 0duúD,aw? 0duúD,aEÅ/
uar
88

Zd-Za,
Zdemwd? ZdeEÅd/ uar®-ZD,wd? ZD,EÅd/
aZwdç Z,wd(bl)/ *DjyKu-0dZd*Dowd ponf/
um&daw-Zmaywdç Zmy,wd/ Z,maywdç Z,my,wd/
a[wkuar®- ZmyD,awç Z,myD,aw/
tZÆweeD- tZdedç Zdedç taZod? tZdeðokç Zdeðokç taZokH/
tZdedç Zded? tZdedw¬ç Zdedw¬/ tZdeðç Zdeð? tZdedrS/
uar
uar®- tZD,dw¬ç tZD,d/
b0dóEÅ-d Zdedówd? ZdedóEÅd/ 0daZówd? 0daZóEÅd/
uar®-ZD,dóaw? ZD,dóaEÅ/
pd+pa,
pddemwd? pdeEÅd (ud)/ pdaemwd? pdaemEÅd (oGm)/
p,wd? p,EÅd (bl)/ pm,,wd? pm,,EÅd (pk)/
uar®-pD,aw? pD,aEÅ/
(Oya'o) udPmwd ponfü emaMumifh uDü &ójyKyg? uGpd
"mwkjzifh eudkPjyK? emypönf;aESmif;aomaMumifh 0k'¨drjzpf?
taZodü emypönf;udk uGpd"mwkjzifh t&ifacsNyD;rS tan
okpjzifh Zdü £udk {jyK? ovm &ójyKyg/ 0daZówd-ü
0d+Zd+em+ówd? emacsç 0k'¨djyK? pd"mwfü ]]pd pa, oGmud
blpk}}[laom "mwGw¬t& pOfvdkufonf/
"mwfwpfc\ k *dPk ;f wdu
Yk kd xdo
k &Ykd oifo
h rQ *dP
k ;f wdEYk iS hf
vnf; pOfcikd ;f wwfonf?]]*PmEk½yl tm;avsmpf mG }} ]]XmemEk
½lytm;avsmfpGm}}ponfjzihfvnf; ar;wwfygao;onf/
 89

]]*PmEk½yl }}[k qd&k mü &oifo h rQ*P

kd ;f ESihf þae&mü
&oifhaom*dkPf;[k t,ltqESpfrsKd; &Sdwwfygonf? xdkodkU
ar;u &oifo h rQ*P
kd ;f ESiphf Ofí £"m"dayÜw*dP k ;f udv
k nf;
azmfjycJhygrl trSwfay;&rnfom? XmemEk½ly[lonf £"m
"dayÜw(þae&mü &aom)*dkPf;yifwnf;/
Ó-t0aAm"ae
0dZmemwd? 0dZmeEÅd/ 0dem,wd? 0dem,EÅd/
Ó,wd? Ó,EÅd/
uar®-0dnm,wd? 0dnm,EÅd/ aÚ,swd? aÚ,sEÅd/
Ó,wd? Ó,EÅd/ (½lbm#D-2? 356)
owår-D Zmae,sç Zmed,mç Znm? Zmae,sKHç Zñl/
Zmae,smodç Znmodç Znm? Zmae,smxç Znmx/
Zmae,smrdç Znmrd? Zmae,smrç Znmrç Zmaerk/
uar®-Óa,,s? Óa,,sKH/
tZÆweD- orZmedç oÍÆmed? oÍÆmeðok/ oÍÆmed? oÍÆmedw¬/
oÍÆmeð? oÍÆmedrS/
tnmod? tnmokH/ tnmod? tnmodw¬/
tnmoð? tnmodrS/
uar®-ynm,d? ynm,ðok/ ynm,d? ynm,dw¬/
ynm,ð? ynm,drS/
b0dóEÅ-d Zmedówd? ZmedóEÅd/ Úówd? ÚóEÅd/
uar®-0dnm,dóaw? 0dnm,dóaEÅ/
ynm,dóaw? ynm,dóaEÅ/
ynm,d[dwd? ynm,d[dEÅd/
90

(Oya'o) Ó"mwfudk "mwGw¬ü okH;*dkPf;jy\? Ówd(bl)

Zmemwd(ud) Óy,wd(pk)[k jy\? em,wd-ü emypön;f udk
,jyK? ,aMumifh ÓudkemjyK? ],aESmif;jyefrl emjyK[l}t&
jzpfonf/
(aqmif) ÚóZHemçvdu k o
f nf0h gjzifçh emaMumifZh mjyK(Zmemwd)?
ÓjyKaMumifh ZH(Znm)? ,aESmif;jyefrçl emjyK[çl rSw, f 0l 0w¬d
(em,wd)/
Ówd-ponfü Ó+bl0g'd-t+wd-wnfíwGufyg?
aÚ,swdü Ó+uHa[m,+aw? £0PÖm*arm0g-jzifh£
vm? Ó\ tmudkacs? uGpd"mwkjzifh vmaom£udk {jyK?
Ú{odu Yk yf? a'Gabmfvm wdjyef? oE¨t d &mr[kwí f uGpmo
0PÖHjzifh { rjyK&/
Zmed,m-ü {,sudk {,só Óawm £,m Ó jzifh
£,mjyK? ÓudkZmjyK/ Znm-ü {,sudkÓjyK? ÓudkZHjyK?
ed*¾[dwfudk ÚjyK? ÓtjyKaMumifh emypönf;udkacs/
Zñl-ü Ó+em+{,sKH uGpd"mwkjzifh {,sKHudk ÚLjyK?
emypönf;udkacs? ÓukdZHjyK? ÚjyK uyf/ xdkodkY {,sKHudkÚL?
{,smodudk Óodç Ó? {,smxudk Óx? {,smrdudk Órd?
{,smrudk Ór? {,sHudk ÚHjyKí emoavmayg ,um&wåH
jzifh xdkÚLtjyKponfaESmif;&mü ZHjyK emudkacsvQif Zñlç
Znmodç Znmç Znmxç Znmrdç Znmrç ZnH paom
½kyrf sm;vnf; &SEd ikd \
f -[k arm*¾vm’ efeó d ,opf rdeaYf wmfrl
aomaMumif]h ]ÓrSd edpÍö ö emavmayg}}[laom ½lpum;onf
rESHYpyf [kqdk\/
 91

Zmaerk-ü uGp"d mwkjzifh {,smrudk {rkjyK? ynm,wd-

ü uwå K ½k y f ç ur® ½ k y f 2-rsKd ; wG u f M u\/ uwå K ½k y f ü
y+Ó+bl0g'd tç wd0dbwfç uGpd"mwkjzifh,vm/ (ed½w k )åd
ur®½yk u f kd y+Ó+uHa[m,+aw [k wGu½f o Hk mjzpf
onf/ Óówd-ponfü emudak csyg? uGp"d mwkjzifh tmudk
&ójyK/ ynm,d[dwd-ü y+Ó+uHa[m ,+óaw?
£vm ówdjyef? uGp"d mwkjzifh óud[ k jd yK? Úa'Gabmfvm/
rm+rmae--rdemwd? rdeEÅd (ud)/ (uGp"d mwkjzifh rm\tmud£
rm+rmae k jyK))
uar®-rD,wd? rD,EÅd/ rdeD,wd? rdeD,EÅd/
rmwd? rEÅdç rmEÅd (bl)? rdaemwd? rdaemEÅd (wem'd)/
rm,wd? rm,EÅd ('d)/ (rdaemwd-ü eftm*kMH u)H
rSwcf su=f avmuDusrf;wdkYüum; uDç wem'd r&Sd? o'´eDwdü
om&Sd\/ rm rmerSd bluDw'd? blwk oa'´ p 0wåwd/("m)
aq'ae-- vkemwd? vkeEÅd/ (emrSd &ówå)H
vl+aq'ae
uar®-vl,aw? vl,aEÅ/
"l("k)urÜaee-- "kemwd? "keEÅd/ uar®-"l,wd? "l,EÅd/
"0wd(bl) "laPmwd(oGm) "kemwd(ud)
"ma0wdç "m0,wd(pk)/ eDwd-ü "k"mwf[kqdk\/
yk-y0ae *wd,H 0g
ykemwd? ykeEÅd (ud)/ y0wd? y0EÅd (bl)/
uar®-yl,awç y0D,awç ykeD,aw/
92

od-ao0 *wd 0k'o D¨ k

omaVm xkwsH od ao0? *wd 0k'¨sH O Oóa,/
tmEs.yg0g.0vrÁrSd? oGm awaZ oGmud AE¨ae/
(Oya'o) od"mwfonf bljzpfrl rSD0Jjcif; oGm;jcif; BuD;yGm;jcif;
wdkYü jzpf\? Oa&SU&Sdrl jrifharmufaxmifrwfjcif;ü? tm-ed-
ty-t0 a&S;&Srd l ckrd wDS nfaejcif;ü? oGm'd jzpfrl xufatmif
aoG;jcif;ü jzpf\? oGm'd ud,m'd jzpfrl zGUJ aESmifjcif;ü jzpf\/
aowdç o,wd(bl)/ Oó,wd? tmo,wd? edó
,wd? tyó,wd? t0ó,wd/
odaemwdç odaPmwdç odPmwd(oGm)? odemwd(ud)/
(Oya'o) od"mwf\ ao0ewŸ ao0wd? ao0em? ao0aum
ponfjzifh o'´ew D (d "mwk-171) jy,k*x f wk o
f nfum; ]]od
ao0g,H? ok*E¨H ao0wDwd odca@m? plVm}}paom
"mwGw¬0dN*dK[f arm*¾vm’ efqo kd nfukd "mwk0Nd *Kd [af ,mifí
xkw[ f ef&o
dS nf? avmuDusr;f wküYd ¤if;jy,k*w f u Ykd kd ]]ao0}}
"mwfrmS om xkwo f nf/ ao0D,wDwd ody?HÜ twwf? þyk'f
udk *[m'd[k o'´ew D üd qdak o;\? o,EÅd *pä EdÅ {awemwd
aowk? wHwm;/ ("mwGw)¬
yko-aygoae
aygowd(bl) ykoémwd(uD) ykówd('d) aygaowdç
aygo,wd(pk)/
uar®- aygoD,aw? aygoD,aEÅ/
um&daw-aygaowdç aygo,wdç aygomaywdç aygomy
 93

,wd/ a[wkuar®- aygomyD,aw? aygomyD,aEÅ/

ykaom aygao bluD'dpk? uD aouaoé[yl&aP/
'd ',Se0dbma* pk-Oóa*¾ ykok ',Sae/
(Oya'o) yko"mwfonf arG;jrLjcif;teufü bluD'dpk? oGef;
avmif;jcif;? ap;uyfjcif;? jynhaf pjcif;teufwüYkd uDwnf;?
avmifuRrf;apjcif;? a0befjcif;teufwdkYü 'd? pGefYypfjcif;
teufü pk wnf;/
(6)*[m'd*Pdu
*[-Oyg'gae
aCyÜwd? aCyÜEÅd/ *PSmwdç *PSwd? *PSEÅd/
uar®- *,Saw? *,SaEÅ/ um&daw-*ga[wdç *g[,wdç
*g[maywdç *g[my,wd/ *PSmaywdç *PSmy,wd/
tZÆweD- t*¾PSDç *PSD? t*¾Pðokç *Pðok/
t*¾a[odç t*¾[d? t*¾[kHç t*¾[ðokç t*¾a[okH/
uar®-t*¾,dSw¬ç t*¾,dS/
b0dóEÅ-d *PSdówd? *PSdóEÅd/
*a[ówd? *a[óEÅd/
uar®-*,dSóaw? *,SdóaEÅ/
*[D,dóaw? *[D,dóaEÅ/
umvmwdywå-d t*¾PSdómç *PSdómç t*¾PSdóç *PdSó/
t*¾[dómç *[dómç t*¾[dóç *[dó/
uar®-t*¾,dSóç t*¾,dSóx/
(Oya'o) *PSwd ü uGp"d mwkjzifh PSm\tmud&k ójyK? t*¾a[
94

od-ü *[+ PSm+þ "mwf\tp tvm? £vm? uGp"d mwk

jzifh PSmudkacs? £udk{jyK? owårZÆwedrSd a,m*0dbm*jzifh
ovm? þudk £&ójyK? [f{odkYuyf/
(7)wem'd*Pdu
a&-- waemwd? waemEÅd/
wEk+0dwm¬ a&
waemod? waemx/ waemrd? waemr/
wEkaw? wEGaEÅ/ wEkao? wEka0S/ waEG? wEkarS/
uar®- ywm,aw? ywm,aEÅ/
ywnaw? ywnaEÅ/
wed,swd? wed,sEÅd/ wed,sod? wed,sx/
wed,smrd? wed,smr/ (eDw-d "mwk 261)
um&daw-0dwmaewdç 0dwme,wd/ (½l-335)
(Oya'o) wEkaw-ü Moypönf;udk Owåarmuma&mjzifh OjyK?
wEGaEÅ-ü ,0um&mpjzifh Oud0k jyK? ywm,aw-ü "mwGef
efudk tmjyK? ywnaw-ü efESifh,udk wóp0*¾jzifh ÚjyKç
a'Gabmfvmyg/
(8)pk&m'd*Pdu
pk&+axa,s- apma&wd? apma&EÅd/ (a&SU 6 vk;H om)
apm&,wd? apm&,EÅd/ (tm;vk;H pOf)
uar®-apm&D,awç apm&D,aEÅ/
pdE+
Å pdEmÅ ,H-pdaEÅwdç pdEÅ,wd/
rE¦+*kwb å moae- raE¦wdç rE¦,wd/
ygv+&u©ae- e-ygavwdç ygv,wd/ uar®-ygvD,wd/
 95

C#+C#ae- Cma#wdç Cm#,wd/ Ca#wdç C#,wd/

(C#m'dwmå 0duayÜe 0k')d¨
+ÓaP-0d'wd(bl) 0dE´wd(½k) 0dZÆwd('d0g'd)?
0d'+ÓaP-
a0a'wdç a0',wd(pk&m'd)?
0da'g bl ÓPr*Favs? 'd bma0 ½k 0drHoe/
vmbwk|sH pG.Ekb0? ed0gomcsmeax&da,/
'rk+'rae- 'rwd(bl)? 'r®wd('d)? 'arwdç 'r,wd(pk)/
um&daw- 'arwdç 'r,wd/ (eDw-d 237)
*P+ocFsmae- ae-*aPwdç *P,wd/
Úy+awmoe edomaeok-Óaywdç Óy,wd/
y ykaAÁm eduyd© ae- ynmaywd? ynmy,wd/
ynaywd? ynayEÅd/ &ójyK/ (eDw-d 322)
Úaywd? Úy,wd/ ("mwGw)¬
um&daw- Úygaywd? ÚygayEÅd/ ynygaywd? ynygayEÅd/
uar®- ÓyD,aw? ÓyD,aEÅ/ ynmyD,aw? ynmyD,aEÅ/
ÚyD,aw? ÚyD,aEÅ/ ynyD,aw? ynyD,aEÅ/
(Oya'o) Ó "mwf? t0aAm"ew¬-ü ynmaywdç ynmy,wd-
wdkYonf a[wkuwåK½kyf[k rSwfyg? þüum; ok'¨uwåK½kyf
Úy-"mwf[k rSwyf g (eDw)d / ynwå-H üum; Ó"mwf? tEkZme
ew¬[k a,mZemqdk\/ Úy"mwfvnf; ,lMu\/
tynwåH a[mwDwd {w¬ e Úy-"mwk a[mwd?
tydp Ó"mwka,0? aom p acg tEkZmeeaw¬mwd tm[
]]teEknmwH a[mwD}}wd? £rdem Ó"mwkó t0aAm"
96

em'a,m taw¬ ed0awåw?d tEkZmeew¬aH ,0 'aówd/

(ygpw
d sm'da,mZem-466)
0PÖ+0PÖBu, d m 0dwm¬ & *kP0paeok- 0aPÖwdç 0PÖ,wd/
*v+t'ae o0ae= *vwd(bl) *avwdç *v,wd (pk)/
(Oya'o) *v"mwfonf t'e-pm;jcif;teufü bl? o0e-
,dkpD;jcif;teufü pk&m'd jzpf\/ yk*¾v-[laom yk'füum;
]]ykH-*v"mwf+t/ ykH-*rk"mwf+t}}[k 2-enf;cGJEdkifonf?
*rk"mwf,lu xkH;pHtwdkif; pOfyg/
"mwkypÜ ,ö EÅe,
]]"mwGaw¬ ed'|d´ m cg'dum&dwEÅm ypö,m "mwkypÜ , ö m
emr}} [laom ½lt& "mwke'd |d´ ypön;f ç "mwkypÜ , ö rsm;um;
c q oç tm,ç þ,ç aPç P,ç Pmayç Pmy,-[k
wl&maygif;u (9)ypönf;&Sd\/
upönf;tvdk "mwk½lay/y/Pa,m p ü po'´gjzifh
tm&ç tmv [laom(2)ypön;f xnfu h (11)ypön;f jzpf\?
xdyk pön;f tm;vk;H udk ½lü ]]"mwkypÜ ,
ö }}[k emrnfwpfcw k nf;
wyfxm;\/
xdkwGif c q o ypönf;wdkYonf "mwfppf\aemufü
oufaomaMumifh "mwkyÜpö,wdkYrnf\/
tm,ç þ,ç P,ç tm&ç tmv-wdo Yk nf emrfy'k \f
aemufü oufaomaMumifh emrypö,(0g) "mwk½yl ypö,wdYk
rnf\/ aPç P,ç Pmayç Pmy,-wdo Yk nf ya,mZu
Asmyg&teufü oufaomaMumifh um&dwyf pön;f wdYk rnf\/
 97

þuJhodkYvnf; cGJjcm;oifhao;\/
þpum;tpOft& ]]"mwkyÜpö,½kyf}} pOfyg[k qdku
(½ltvdk)ypönf;(11)rsKd;vkH;ESifh qdkifí qdkif&mypönf;oufí
pOf&rnf/
]]"mwk½yl ½ky}f }pOfyg[k qdu
k qdik &f myk'af emif tm,ç
þ,ç P,ç tm&ç tmv oifh&moufí pOf&rnf/
cç qç o ypönf;rsm;ouf&aom ½kyfwdkYüvnf; a'G
abmfvm&aomaMumifh a'Gbm0½kyf[kvnf; qdkao;\?
,if;ypönf; roufaom ]puFrwd}uJhodkYaom a'Gbm0½kyf
vnf; &Sdao;\/
wdZawm cEÅd,H acg 0ç edE´m,H aqm A"m *kyg?
udwm aqm oHoa, ap0ç a&m*gye,ae ydp/
Oy"ma& rmerSm aomç 00w¬dw0dbmoawm/
00w¬dw0dbmoawm-aMumifh? ?y? A"m-A""mwfrS
aemufü¤if;? *kyg-rSaemufü¤if;? edE´m,H0-om? aqm0-
om? a[mwd-\? udwm-ü? oHoa,ap0-,krH mS ;jcif;teuf
ü¤if;? a&m*gye,aeydp-a&m*gaysmufrI aq;ukjcif;t
eufü¤if;? aqm0-om? a[mwd-\? rmerSm-ü? Oy"ma&
{0-pkpH rf;jcif;teufüom? aom0-oypön;f onfom? a[m
wd-\/ (½lbm#D-2? 376)
(ykpH )H wdwdu©wdç ADbpäwdç Zd*kpäwd/
0dpdudpäwdç wdudpäwdç 0DrHowd/
wdZ+emome /y/ crmok- wdwdu©wd? wdwdu©EÅd/
98

uar®-wdwdu©D,aw? wdwdu©D,aEÅ/
tZÆweD- twdwdu©d? twdwdu©ðok/
typöa,- awaZwdç awZwd? awaZEÅd/
*ky+a*gyae
ae-Zd*kpäwd? Zd*kpäEÅd/
qmbma0- a*gaywd? a*gayEÅd/
udw+a&m*gye,ae
e,ae- wdudpäwd? wdudpä EÅd/
oHoa,-0dpdudpäwd? 0dpdudpä EÅd/
rme+0DroH ylZmok-0DrHowd? 0DrHoEÅd/
typöa,-rmaewd? rmaeEÅd/
bkZ+ygveAs0[&aPok-Akbku©wd? Akbku©EÅd/
Co+t'ae-ZdCpäwd? ZdCpä EÅd/
Co+t'ae-
[&+[&aP-Zd*Dowd? Zd*DoEÅd/
[&+[&aP-
o0ae-okólowd? okóloEÅd/
ok+o0ae-
yg+ygae- yd0gowd? yd0goEÅd/
ydygowd? ydygoEÅd/
Zd+Za,- 0dZd*Dowd? 0dZd*DoEÅd/
"mwk½yl ½kyrf sm;
tm, ypö,--yAÁwm,wdç ork'´g,wdç pdpöd#m,wdç "lrm,wd?
þ ,ypö,-qwåD,wdç ykwåD,wd? (tmpm&w¬)
ywåD,wdç 0w¬D,wdç y&du©m&D,wdç pD0&D,wdç
y#D,wdç "eD,wdç ykwåD,wd? (£päaw¬)
P, ypö,--'V§,wdç yrmP,wdç trdó,wdç
twd[w¬,wdç Oy0DP,wdç 0dok'¨,wdç
 99

ukov,wdç okc,wdç 'ku©,wd/

tm& tmv ypö,--oEÅ&m&wd? Oyuúrmvwd/
"mwkypÜ ,
ö aemif um&dwyf pön;f xyfoufEidk yf Hk
wdudapäwdç wdudpä,wd/
yAÁwm,,wdç ykwåD,,wd/
emrfu "mwfjzpfí tmcsmwf0b
d wf oufEikd jf cif; taMumif;
yAÁwm,paom o'´gonf jyKusijhf cif;paom "mwf
teufudka[mwwfaom tm,paomypönf;ESifh ,SOfjcif;
aMumifhwnf;/
"mwk½yl ac: jcif;taMumif;
yAÁwm,paom o'´gonf rdr[ d al om tm,ypön;f
onf a[mtyfaom jyKusijhfcif;paom Bu, d meuf\ ]]uwåm;
&Sd\}} ]]uH&Sd\}}[k uwåm;uHwdkYjzifh xif&Sm;aomaMumifh/
(ab'pdEmÅ -322-3? *gxm)
wduk w
f eG ;f vTm
t,rmcsmwoacFaygç ed|dawm 'ged tmway?
oacFyH 0dbZdwGmeç AkZÑEÅK ouAk'¨d,m/
ylysif;vSaom aEGuqkefv\ aeYvnf okH;em&DcefY
tcsdefwGif þtmcsmwfusOf;onf NyD;qkH;cJhygNyD/
tusO;f rQaom þtmcsmwfukd pmoifniD ,fwYkd rdrd
ÓPftxl;jzifh cGJjcrf;a0befí odMuygavukef/
t,rmcsmwoacFayg ed|ad wm
 rEÅav; ousoD ykpmä a[mif;rsm;
1/ tumod-rS "mwfukd,lí 0wårmef twåaemyk'f yXryk&dof
jzifh *kdPf;pOfNyD;vQif/ 16-ck? 0d/
= ]ta[mod}ü "mwfukd,lí b0dóEÅd0dbwfjzifh y'rmvm
pOfcJhyg/ 16-ck? "r®/
2/ Oy*pä ðok-ukd y&óy' tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfcJhyg/ 0d-
18/
3/ ynawå-ü "mwfukd,lvsuf 0wårmef ur®½kyf tmcsmw
y'rmvm jyKcJhyg/ 19-ck? 0d/
4/ orEkyómrd-0,f "mwfoufoufudk wdç tEÅd 0dbwfEpS v f ;Hk
jzifhom uwåK½kyf tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfchJyg/ 20-ck? tH/
5/ tEÅ&"m,d-ü"mwfrQudk ,lí 0wårmef y&óyk'jf zifh tmcsm
wy'rmvm pOfcJhyg/ 21-ck? 0d/
= 0aPÖwGm-ü "mwfukd,lí uwåK½kyf 0wårmef0dbwf y&ó
yk'fjzifh tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfjycJhyg/ 21-ck? "r®/
6/ rkwå-ü "mwfukd,lí 0wårmef0dbwf twåaemyk'f yXr
yk&dofjzifh pkHvifpGm tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfcJhyg/ 22-ck? 0d/
= u,d&mx-ü "mwfudk 0wårmef y&óyk'f {u0kpf 0dbwfjzifh
½kyfpOfcJhyg/ 22-ck? "r®/
7/ orkyÜga'g-ü "mwfukd,lí tZÆweD0dbwfjzifh uwåK½kyf
y'rmvm pOfcJhyg/ 23-ck? 0d/
= t0dZmÆ ,-ü "mwfudk wdç tEÅd 0dbwfjzifh uwåK½yk f *dP
k f;pkH
tmcsmwy'rmvmpOfyg/ 23-ck? tH/
 101

8/ 0dZmewH-rS "mwfukd ,lum owårD0dbwf yXryk&dofjzifh

uwåK½kyf tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfcJhyg/ 24-ck? 0d/
= ]]pu©KraEÅm ½lyged 'u©E}dÅ }ü Bu,d myk'u
f dk "mwfç ypönf;ç 0dbwf
a0zefcJhyg/ 24-ck? tH/
= ygPau-ü "mwfudk ,lí 0wårmef0dbwf y&óyk'fjzifh
tmcsmwy'rmvmpOfyg/ 24-ck? "r®/
9/ ]]'ar}}ü "mwfaemif ya&mu©m y&óyk'f yXryk&dof 0dbwf
oufNy;D / 25-ck? "r®/
10/ orl[wm-ü "mwfukd ,lí owårD0dbwf yXryk&dofjzihfom
abmç uHç uwåm; pkHvifpGm y'rmvm pOfjycJhyg/ 27-ck? 0d/
= y&d'[dówd-uwåK½yk u f dk twåaemyk'0f b d wf wkjYd zifh ur®½yk f
tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfjycJhyg/ 27-ck? "r®/
11/ t0dZÆH-ü "mwfu, dk í
l bduK© -[laom uwåm;ESit hf nD *kP d ;f
rrSm;atmif oAÁ"mwf0dbwfrsm;jzifh tmcsmwy'rmvm
pOfvsu/f 29-ck? tH/
= orÜ#pd w
dä mG -yk'üf "mwfu, dk í
l 0wårmef0b d wf y&óyk'jf zifh
uwåK½kyf y'rmvm pOfjycJhyg/ 29-ck? "r®/
12/ tm[nð-ü *kP d ;f tm;avsmpf mG "mwfu, dk í l &S&d if;pG0J b
d wf\
y&óyk'fjzifh ok'¨uwåK½kyf y'rmvm pOfcJhyg/ 30-ck? 0d/
= o'¨g-ü "mwfukd 0wårmef0dbwf y&óyk'f yXryk&dofjzifh
tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfjyyg/ 30-ck? tH/
13/ Mo'[x-yk'fü "mwfukd tyd-Oyom&ESifh wGJpyfí 0wårmef
awç taEÅ 0dbwfwkdYjzifh ur®½kyfy'rmvm jynfhpkHpGmpOfyg/
102
= pm*-ü "mwfukd,lí 0wårmef y&óyk'f yXryk&dofjzifh
tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfcJhyg/
= reom-ü "mwfu, dk í
l 0wårmef Owåryk&od f jzifo
h m ur®½yk f
y'rmvm pOfcJhyg/ 31-ck? 0d? tH? "r®/
14/ Oa'´oumeH-ü ykAÁy'ESifhwuG "mwfukd yÍörDy&óyk'f
rZdÑryk&dofjzifh uwåK½kyf *kdPf;pOfcJhyg/ 32-ck? 0d/
= tuúEH-Å rS "mwfç abpäw-d rS 0dbwfudk ,lí xkd0dbwfqidk f&m
y&óyk't f pkHjzifh tmcsmwy'rmvmpOfyg/ 32-ck? tH/
= y&d'[dówd-yk'fukdyif &Sd&if;pGJ 0dbwfjzifh uwåK½kyf tmcsm
wy'rmvm pOfjycJhyg/ 32-ck? "r®/
15/ acgw¬-ü aemufyk'fudkom tmcsmwf½kyfusOf; wGufjyNyD;vQif?
xdk\ "mwfaemif b0dóEÅd0dbwfjzifh tmcsmwy'rmvm
jyKjycJhyg/ 33-ck? 0d/
= aqwGm-udkvnf; b0dóEÅd0dbwf y&óyk'f yXryk&dofjzifh
tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfcJhyg/ 33-ck? tH/
= tZÑ*g-yk'fukd &Sd&if;um&d, 0dbwftrsKd;tpm;twkdif; y&
óyk'fjzifh uwåK½kyf tmcsmwy'rmvmpOfyg/ 33-ck? "r®/
16/ um[od-ü "mwfukd,lí [d,swåeD0dbwf y&óyk'fjzifh
uwåK½kyf y'rmvm pOfcJhyg/ 34-ck? 0d/
= oaEÅm 0d"larm-0,f oaEÅmü "mwfukd ,lí yÍörD0dbwfjzifh
uwåK½kyf tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfcJhyg/ 34-ck? tH/
= u,d&mx-ü "mwfukd,lNyD; owårD y&óyk'fjzifh y'rmvm
pOfjyyg/ 34-ck? "r®/
 103
17/ yg0dod-ukd tmcsmwf½kyfusOf; wGufNyD;vQif? ¤if;ü "mwfukd,l
í 0wårmef0dbwf y&óyk'fjzifh uwåK½kyfpOfyg/35-ck? 0d/
= tm'De0H-yk'fü "mwfukd,lí 0wårmef0dbwfjzifh tmcsmw
y'rmvm pOfcJhyg/ 35-ck? tH/
= trwånKH-ukd yk'fcGJjyNyD;? aemufqkH;yk'frS "mwfukd,lum
yÍörD0dbwf y&óyk'fjzifh tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfjyyg/ "r®/
18/ aowkH-ü "mwfukd,lNyD; yÍörD0dbwfjzifh uwåK½kyf tmcsmw
y'rmvm jyKNyD;vQif/ 36-ck? 0d/
= yk*¾avm-ü "mwfukd ,lí 0wårmef0dbwfjzifh ok'¨uwåK½kyf
y'rmvm pOfjycJhyg/ 36-ck? tH/
= wm,ók-0,f "mwfçypönf;ç0dbwfukd azmfjyí? owårD y&
óyk'f 0dbwfjzifh tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfjycJhyg/ 36-ck?
"r®/
18/ tuw¬-ü "mwfukd,lí &Sd&if;pGJ 0dbwfrsKd;jzifh bm0½kyf
tmcsmwf*kdPf; pOfcJhyg/ 37-ck? 0d/
= umvH-ü "mwfukd,lí b0dóEÅd0dbwf y&óyk'fjzifh uwåK
½kyf tmcsmwf*dkPf;pOfcJhyg/ 37-ck? tH/
= psm,daem-rS "mwfukd yÍörD0dbwf y&óyk'fjzifh tmcsmwf
*dkPf;pOfyg/ 37-ck? "r®/
19/ ]]y#da0a'rd}}ü "mwfu,dk Nl y;D b0dóEÅ0d b
d wfjzifh ok'u
¨ wåK½yk f
tmcsm wy'rmvm pOfjyí/ 38-ck? 0d/
= tZÑm0owd-ü "mwfoufoufukdom tZÆweD0dbwf y&
óyk'fjzifh uwåK½kyf tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfjyyg/ 38-ck?
tH/
104
= twd0guHs-ü "mwfukd,lNyD; yÍörD0dbwfjzifh bm0½kyf tmcsm
wy'rmvm pOfjycJhyg/ 38-ck? "r®/
20/ tm[Í H-ä ü "mwfukd,lNyD; yÍörD0dbwf ok'¨ur®½kyf tmcsmw
y'rmvm pOfjyí/ 39-ck? 0d/
= orm[daw-ü "mwfukd,lí 0wårmef0dbwfjzifh tmcsmw
y'rmvm uwåK½kyfrQ pOfjyí/ 39-ck? tH/
= t0Dw*E¨H-0,f ykAÁy'ü "mwfukd ,lí 0wårmef0dbwfjzifh
uwåK½kyf tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfjycJhyg/ 39-ck? "r®/
21/ um[od-ukd "mwfç ypönf; cGJNyD;? "mwfukd 0wårmef y&ó
yk'fjzifh tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfjycJhyg/ 40-ck? 0d/
= eda0aowd-ü "mwfukd,lí tZÆweD0dbwf y&óyk'fjzifh
ok'u ¨ wåK½yk f y'rmvm pOfjycJhyg/ 40-ck? tH/
= 0[awm-ü "mwfukd,lí 0wårmef 0dbwfjzifh uwåK½kyf
tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfjycJhyg/ 40-ck? "r®/
22/ ]]ukuúKpöm,aEÅm}}ukd yk'fç 0dbwf cGJí? emr"mwfukd ,lNyD;
0wårmef twåaemyk'f0dbwfjzifh tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfjy
yg/ 41-ck? 0d/
= "Da&m-ü "mwfukd 0wårmef0dbwf y&óyk'fjzifh uwåK½kyf
tmcsmwy' rmvm pOfjyNyD;/ 41-ck? tH/
= y0ga[wGm-ü "mwfukdom ,lí tZÆweD twåaemyk'f emr
a,m* ur®½kyf tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfí/ 41-ck? "r®/
23/ urk'´dao,sH-ü aemufyk'frS "mwfukd 0wårmef y&óyk'f
0dbwfjzifh tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfjyyg/ 42-ck? 0d/
 105
= owdrm-ü "mwfukd ,lí owårD0dbwf y&óyk'fjzifh
ok'¨uwåK½kyf y'rmvm pOfcJhyg/ 42-ck? tH/
24/ tauúmpäd-ü "mwfukd,lí &Sd&if;pGJ 0dbwfjzifh bm0½kyf
tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfjycJhyg/ 43-ck? 0d/
= &wånLeH-0,f aemufyk'fü "mwfukdom 0wårmef0dbwf
yXryk&dofjzifh uwåK½kyfpOfcJhyg/ 43-ck? tH/
= tmod-ukd &Sd&if;0dbwf y&óyk'fjzifh tmcsmwf½kyfpOfjyyg/
43-ck? "r®/
25/ ]]OAÇwH ud& woð® tm0gao uxdeH}}0,f OAÇwH-ü "mwfukd
,lí tZÆweDy&óyk'fjzifhom tmcsmwy'rmvm/ 44-
ck? 0d/
= um&Pm-ü "mwfukd ,lí 0wårmef y&óyk'fjzifh tmcsmw
y'rmvm pOfjyyg/ 44-ck? tH/
= OygodumeH-ü"mwfukdom 0wårmef y&óyk'f uwåK½kyf
Owåryk&o d jf zifh um&d,pkv
H ifpmG tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfcyhJ g/
44-ck? "r®/
26/ OAÁda*¾g-ü "mwfukd,lNyD; 0wårmef y&óyk'f0dbwfjzifh ok'¨
uwåK½kyf y'rmvm pOfjycJhyg/ 45-ck? 0d/
= ZmPkaómPd-0,f aomPd-ü "mwfukd,lí 0wårmef0d
bwfjzifh uwåK½kyf tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfcJhyg/ 45-ck? tH/
27/ tbd&a'¨g-ü "mwfukd,lNyD; 0wårmef0dbwf y&óyk'fjzifh
a[wkuwåK½kyf y'rmvm pOfjyyg/ 46-ck? 0d/
= arm[ZÍö-0,f aemufyk'fü "mwfukd,lí 0wårmef0dbwf
y&óyk'jf zifh uwåK½yk t f mcsmwy'rmvmpOfjyyg/ 46-ck? tH/
106
= om&rwdaem-0,f rwd-ü "mwfukd 0wårmef y&óyk'fjzifh
uwåK½kyf *dkPf;pOfyg/ 46-ck? "r®/
28/ [w¬D[d-ü jzpfoifhorQ "mwfukd,lí 0wårmef0dbwfjzifh
ok'¨uwåK½kyf tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfjycJhyg/ 47-ck? 0d/
= a'aowk-ü "mwfukd,lí tZÆweD £Hç rSm ESpf0dbwfjzifh
uwåK½kyf y'rmvm pOfyg/ 47-ck? tH/
= A[d'¨g yw¬em tw¬d-0,f Bud,myk'fü "mwfukd,lí owårD
0dbwf y&óyk'fjzifh ok'¨uwåK½kyf tmcsmwy'rmvm pOf
cJhyg/ 47-ck? "r®/
29/ tpä&d,-H ü "mwfu, dk Nl y;D tZÆweD y&óyk'f rZÑrd yk&o
d jf zifh
tmcsmw y'rmvm pOfí/ 48-ck? 0d/
= ok'¨yk'fü "mwfukd 0wårmef0dbwfjzifh uwåK½kyf y'rmvm
pOfcJhyg/ 48-ck? tH/
= yv’uø-ü "mwfukd ,lNyD; 0wårmef0dbwf twåaemyk'fjzifh
ur®½kyf tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfcJhyg/ 48-ck? "r®/
30/ edóHo,H-ü "mwfukd,lí 0wårmef y&óyk'f0dbwfjzifh
uwåK½kyf y'rmvmç a0rwdaum-ü "mwfukd,lí 0wårmef
twåaemyk'0f b d wfjzifh ur®½yk yf 'rmvm pOfcyhJ g/ 49-ck? 0d/
= ]]okwH arwH}}0,f okw-H \ "mwfaemif wdç tEÅd 0dbwfouf
u NyD;Ekdifaom ½kyfpkukd jynfhpkHpGma&;cJhyg/ 49-ck? tH/
= orÜ#dpädwGm-ü "mwfukd,lí yÍörD0dbwf twåaemyk'fjzifh
uwåK½yk f *kP
d ;f ajy;Ny;D ? ]]t"ar®m ed&,H aewd}}0,f Bu,d myk'f
ü "mwfukd,lí 0wårmef rZÑdryk&dof {u0kpf0dbwfjzifh
um&dwfuHa[m0guswpfck pDukH;cJhyg/ 49-ck? "r®/
 107
31/ yaoe'd-0,f aemufyk'fü &oifhaom "mwftm;avsmfpGm
um&d, tpkHtvifjzifh 0wårmef0dbwf y&óyk'f uwåK½kyf
tmcsmw y'rmvm pOfjycJhyg/ 50-ck? 0d/
= 0d0dwå-ü "mwfukd,lí 0wårmef y&óyk'f0dbwfjzifh tmcsm
wy'rmvm pOfjyyg/ 50-ck? tH/
32/ 0dnwå-d rS "mwfu, dk Nl y;D owårD y&óyk'f yxryk&o
d f jzifo
h m
tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfjyyg/ 51-ck? 0d/
= ty&dbkwåm -ü "mwfudk 0wårmef y&óyk'f0dbwfjzifh
uwåK½kyf pOfcJhyg/ 51-ck? tH/
= £w¬-D ü "mwfudk 0wårmef0b d wfjzifh ur®0gpu tmcsmwf½yk f
pOfyg/ 51-ck? "r®/
33/ 'ZÆm[H-0,f a&SUyk'fü &Sd&if;pGJ0dbwf y&óyk'f yXryk&dof
jzifh uwåK½kyf y'rmvm pOfjycJhyg/ 52-ck? 0d/
= tmywåð-ü "mwfukd,lí *kdPf;tm;avsmfpGm 0wårmef0dbwf
jzifh uwåK½kyf tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfcJhyg/ 52-ck? tH/
= ygayod-ü "mwfukd 0wårmef y&óyk'fjzifh ok'¨uwåK½kyf
*dkPf;pOfcJhyg/ 52-ck? "r®/
34/ ta[mod-ü yg0if aom "mwfç 0dbwf tm;avsmfpmG y&ó
yk'fjzifh y'rmvmpOfyg/ 53-ck? 0d/
= ]]Oyuúdavao[d Oyuúdvd|H}}ü aemufyk'f0,f "mwfukd ,lí
*kP
d ;f tm;avsmpf mG 0wårmef y&óyk'f uwåK½yk f tmcsmwy'
rmvm pOfjycJhyg/ 53-ck? tH/
= ]]rm oóH emo,d}}ü emo,d-ukd "mwfç ypönf;ç 0dbwf
cGJjyí? "mwfukd ,lvsuf 0wårmef0dbwfjzifh ok'¨uwåK½kyf
y'rmvm pOfNyD;vQif/ 53-ck? "r®/
108
35/ ]][kay,syg0kaom}}0,f [kay,s-ü "mwfukd,lí tZÆweD
0dbwf y&óyk'fjzifh uwåK½kyfy'rmvmpOfjyyg/ 54-ck? 0d/
= yPmarwGm-ü "mwfudkom,lí tZÆweD0dbwf y&ó
yk'fjzifh ok'¨uwåK½kyf pOfyg/ 54-ck? tH/
= ]]aw[d ]uo®m ed0awåmoD}wd yka|m wrwH¬ tma&mapod}}ü
tmcsmwfBud,m ESpfckwdkYwGif a&SUBud,m\"mwfudk b0dóEdÅ
0dbwf y&óyk'fjzifh uwåK½yk f tmcsmwf*dkPf;pOfí/ 54-ck?
"r®/
36/ tuHok-ü "mwfudk,lí b0dóEdÅ0dbwf y&óyk'fjzifh
uwåK½kyf tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfcJhyg/ 55-ck? 0d/
= ypöa0u©wd-yk'frS "mwfudkom ,lvsuf b0dóEdÅ0dbwfjzifh
ok'¨uwåK½kyf tmcsmwy'rmvmpOfyg/ 55-ck? tH/
= *½kVaygwum-0,f aemufyk'fü "mwfudkom,lí owårD
0dbwfjzifh ur®½kyf y'rmvm pOfjycJhyg/ 55-ck? "r®/
37/ ]]'doGme tnrnH uwduH oP²ayokH}}ü "mwfudk,lí
0wårmef ok'¨uwåK½kyf y'rmvm pOfNyD;vQif/ 56-ck? 0d/
= bpäwd-yk'frS "mwfudk,lí 0wårmef0dbwf y&óyk'fjzifh
tmcsmw y'rmvm pOfjyyg/ 56-ck? tH/
= owd - rS "mwf u d k , l N yD ; owå r D 0d b wf y&óyk ' f j zif h
ok'¨uwåK½kyf pOfjycJhyg/ 56-ck? "r®/
38/ y#d*¾a[od-ü "mwfudk,lcg yÍörD y&óyk'f0dbwfjzifh pkHvif
pGm *dkPf;pOfjyyg/ 57-ck? 0d/
= edodaEém-ü "mwfaemif þç OKH 0dbwfwdkYjzifh ½kyfpOfcJhyg/
 109
= t*ga&-ü aemufyk'f0,f "mwfudk,lNyD; 0wårmef y&óyk'f
jzifh tmcsmwy'rmvmpOfyg/ 57-ck? "r®/
39/ 'kuú#ó-ü aemufyk'frS "mwfudk 0wårmef0dbwfjzifh ok'¨
uwåK½kyf tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfjyyg/ 58-ck? 0d/
= Opä*F-ü "mwfudk,lí 0wårmef y&óyk'f 0dbwfjzifh uwåK
½kyf tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfjycJhyg/ 58-ck? tH/
= tmVm[ae-rS "mwfukd 0wå r mef y&óyk ' f 0 d b wf j zif h
um&d,pkHpGm tmcsmwf½kyfpOfyg/ 58-ck? "r®/
40/ ]]b*0g yga' yu©mavod}}ü yu©mavod-0,f "mwfudk
azmfjyNyD;? owårD y&óyk'f0dbwfjzifh tmcsmwy'rmvm
pOfcJhyg/ 59-ck? 0d/
= {[arÇm-0,f a&SUyk'fudk "mwfç 0dbwf cGJjcm;jyí? ,if;ü
"mwf u d k , l í owå r D 0 d b wf y&óyk ' f j zif h uwå K ½k y f
tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfjycJhyg/ 59-ck? tH/
= tm*apä,smod-ü "mwfukdom,lí ya&mu©m y&óyk'f
0dbwfjzifh tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfjyyg/ 59-ck? "r®/
41/ ]]'lwH yga[od}}ü yga[od-0,f Oyom&ESifhwuG "mwfukd
,lí 0wårmef0dbwf y&óyk'fjzifh ok'¨uwåK½kyf pOfjyyg/
= tumod-ü "mwfukd,lí [d,swåeD y&óyk'f0dbwfjzifh
uwåK½kyf y'rmvm pOfjycJhyg/ 60-ck? tH/
42/ b0dówd-ü "mwfukd tZÆweD0dbwf y&óyk'fjzifh uwåK
½kyf tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfjyyg/ 61-ck? 0d/
= a[wk-rS "mwfukd,lNyD; 0wårmef y&óyk'fjzifh ok'¨uwåK½kyf
tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfjycJhyg/ 61-ck? tH/
110
43/ ypöaómokH-ü "mwfukdom,lí tZÆweD tm-0dbwfç t-
0dbwf wkdYjzifhom ur®½kyf y'rmvmpOfjycJhyg/ 62-ck? 0d/
= 0k'¨d-ü "mwfukd owårD0dbwfjzifh uwåK½kyf tmcsmwy'
rmvm pOfjycJhyg/ 62-ck? tH/
= y&dVma[m-rS "mwfukdom,lNyD; 0wårmef0dbwfjzifh um&d,
pkHvifpGm ok'¨ur®½kyf tmcsmw y'rmvm pOfjycJhyg/ 62-
ck? "r®/
44/ ]]e ar orP armu©od}}ü Bud,myk'fukd "mwkç ypö,wdkYjzifh
a0zefjyNyD;? ,if;"mwfukd "mwGw¬tm;avsmfpGm wdç tEÅd
0dbwfwkdYjzifh tmcsmwf*kdPf; pOfjyyg/ 63-ck? 0d/
= ]]aom&pöÍö}}ü tEÅ0,f "mwfukd ,lí 0wårmef twåaemyk'f
0dbwfjzifh ur®½kyf y'rmvm pOfjyí/ 63-ck? tH/
= 'kAÁdeDwm-ü "mwfukdom ,lí tZÆweD y&óyk'fjzifh tmcsm
wy'rmvm pOfjycJhyg/ 63-ck? "r®/
45/ ,if;ü "mwfukd 0wårmef y&óyk'fjzifh ok'¨uwåK½kyf tmcsm
wy'rmvmpOfyg/ 64-ck? 0d/
= aygoum--ü "mwfu, kd í
l awç taEÅ 0dbwfwjYkd zifh uHa[m
Bud,mrsm; ukefpifatmif wnfaqmufjycJhyg/ 64-ck? tH/
= taEGwd-ü "mwfudk owårD y&óyk'f0dbwfjzifh uwåK½kyf
tmcsmwy' rmvmpOfyg/ 64-ck? "r®/
46/ tm[Í äH -ü "mwfudk,lí 0wårmef y&óyk'f wd-0dbwfjzifh
um&d,pkHvifpGm tmcsmwf½kyfpOfjyyg/ 65-ck? 0d/
= {aum'd-0,f aemufy'k üf "mwfuo dk m,lí 0wårmefy&óyk'f
jzifh ok'¨uwåK½kyf tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfcJhyg/ 65-ck? tH/
 111
47/ ]][kay,syg0kaom}}0,f a&SUyk'\ f "mwfu, dk í
l ówdç óEÅd
0dbwfwkdYjzifh um&d,pkHvifpGm tmcsmwf*kdPf; pOfjyyg/ 66-
ck? 0d/
= tu©ad wåm-ü "mwfuo dk m,lNy;D 0wårmef0b
d wf y&óyk'jf zifh
ok'¨uwåK½kyf y'rmvmpOfjyyg/ 66-ck? tH/
= ]]abmZerSd pmrwånKH }}0,f trwånKH -ü aemufy'k rf S "mwfukd
,lNyD; þüa[mtyfaom "mwGw¬tm;avsmfpGm 0wårmef
0dbwfjzifh uwåK½kyt f mcsmwy'rmvm pOfjyyg/ 66-ck? "r®/
48/ ]]ykpódä mrd 0g Oy|[dómrd 0g}} 0,f aemufBud,myk'fü
"mwfukdom,lí 0wårmef0dbwf y&óyk'f jzifh tmcsmw
y'rmvm pOfjyyg/ 67-ck? 0d/
= oH0dZÆEÅd-ü "mwfukd 0wårmef y&óyk'f0dbwfjzifh *kdPf;tm;
avsmfpGm ok'¨uwåK½kyf tmcsmwy'rmvmpOfyg/ 67-ck? tH/
= {auuH-yk'fü rl&if;yk'f\ "mwfudk,lí owårD y&óyk'f
0dbwf jzifh tmcsmwy' rmvm pOfjyyg/ 67-ck? "r®/
49/ ]]upödw¬ tyÜudvraxe t'¨geH tm*wm}}ü tmcsmwf
Bud,m\ "mwfudk,lí owårDy&óyk'fjzifh tmcsmwy'
rmvm pOfNyD;vQif/ 68-ck? 0d/
= Oa'wd-ü "mwfudkom,lí owårD y&óyk'f0dbwfjzifh
uwåK½kyf tmcsmwy'rmvmpOfyg/ 68-ck? tH/
= Ak'¨ukFa&m-ü aemufyk'f\ "mwfukd,lí wdç tEÅd 0dbwfwkdY
jzifh *kdPf;tm;avsmfpGm tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfjycJhyg/ 68-
ck? "r®/
50/ ]]bwå*¾H or®ZÆ wd}}ü bwå*¾H-rS "mwfukd,lí ya&mu©m
y&óyk'f 0dbwfjzifh tmcsmwf½kypf OfNy;D / 69-ck? 0d/
112
= ]]aomyó ou'g*grD 0g tem*grD 0g}}ü tmcsmwfBu, d m\
"mwfukd,lí yÍörD y&óyk'f0dbwfjzifh tmcsmwy'rmvm
pOfjyyg/ 69-ck? tH/
= [dwGm-ü "mwfukd,lí 0wårmef0dbwf y&óyk'fjzifh ok'¨
uwåK½kyf y'rmvm pOfjycJhyg/ 69-ck? "r®/
51/ yga[waAÁm-ü "mwfukd,lí 0wårmef y&óyk'f0dbwfjzifh
ok'¨uwåK½kyf tmcsmwy'rmvmpOfí/ 70-ck? 0d/
= a[mEÅd-ü "mwfukd,lí tZÆweD0dbwfjzifh bm0½kyf y'
rmvmpOfjyyg/ 70-ck? tH/
= ywå-ü jzpfoifhorQ "mwfukd,lNyD; awçtaEÅ 0dbwfESpfvkH;
wkdYjzifh ok'¨ur®½kyf tmcsmw y'rmvm pOfjycJhyg/ 70-ck?
"r®/
52/ ]]t'god ar 0a& yÍö}}0,f Bud,myk'f\ "mwfukd ,lí
ya&mu©m0dbwf y&óyk'fjzifh uwåK½kyf tmcsmwy'rmvm
pOfjycJhyg/ 71-ck? 0d/
= ]]uóya*gwåó bdu©Kaem b*0wd /y/ orÜ[HaoaEÅ
t[ka'0 tu©EÅd}}ü y"me Bud,myk'f\ "mwfukd,lí b0d
óEÅd0dbwfjzifh bm0½kyf tmcsmwy' rmvm pOfjycJhyg/
71-ck? tH/
= ]]'DCm0k}}ü aemufyk'f\ "mwfukd 0wårmef ]wd}0dbwfjzifo
h m
uwåK½kyf tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfjycJhyg/ 71-ck? "r®/
53/ ]]e p ye aw tm,o®EÅm Zd&d'EÅd}}ü Bud,myk'f\ jzpfoihf
orQ"mwfudk wdç tEÅd0dbwfwdkYjzifh um&d,pHk ok'¨uwåK½kyf
tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfjycJhyg/ 72-ck? 0d/
 113
= okcH-ü jzpfoifhorQ "mwfudkom,lí wdç tEÅd0dbwfwdkY jzifh
tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfjyí/ 72-ck? tH/
= omvdacwå-H ü aemufy'k \ f "mwfwu Ykd kd wdç tEÅ0d b
d wfwjYkd zifh
ok'¨uwåK½kyf tmcsmwy'rmvm pOfjycJhyg/ 72-ck? "r®/
54/ pD0&H-ü "mwfudk,lvsuf yÍörD0dbwf y&óyk'fjzifh uwåK
½kyf tmcsmwf*dkPf;pOfcJhyg/ 73-ck? 0d/
= ou©dóod ar or®-0,f ou©dóod-ü "mwfudk,lNyD; *dkPf;
tm;avsmfpGm 0wårmef wdç tEÅd0dbwfwdkYjzifh uwåK½kyfpOfyg/
73-ck? tH/
= aemufyk'f\ ,rk"mwfudk edç oH Oyom& yk'frsm; a&S;&Sdap
vsuf wdç tEÅ0d bd wfwjYkd zifh ok'u
¨ wåK½yk f tmcsmwy'rmvm
pOfcJhyg/ 73-ck? "r®/

0efccH su/f þykpäma[mif;rsm;udk OK;ol&d,(ygVdyg&*l)a&Tqifwdkif;

\ ykpäma[mif;pmzdkifrS ul;,lum tenf;i,f jyifygonf/

1374-ck? awmfovif;vjynhfausmf(1)&uf
30-9-2012
114

(ynma&;ESifh qufpyfaom rdrd\ xkwfa0NyD; pmtkyfrsm;ü "r®'ge jyKMu

aom yk*¾KdvfwdkY\ pm&if;udk þpmtkyf\ aemufqufwGJü pkaygif; um
xkwaf 0NyD; pmtkyEf iS hf wuG rSww
f rf;wiftyfygonf)

yxrtBudrf "r®'geuGeyf sLwmtvSL&Sif

oabFmusif; refae*sm OD;0if;wifh+ausmif;q&mr a':pDpD? om;
armifausmfolwifh? orD; pdrf;oEÅm0if;? pdrf;a[rm0if;? NrdKUopf? rEÅav;/
600000
'kw,
d tBudrf "r®'geuGeyf sLwmtvSL&Sif
t&SifÓPAvmvuFm& 700000
"r®'geusrf;pmtkyf e0ur®tvSL&Sifrsm;
1/ t&Sif"r®yÜd,mvuFm&? ppfudkif;? av;uRef;ajr 80000
2/ t&Sifynm0HomvuFm&mbd0Ho? 'Gdyd#u"&?
'Gdyd#uaum0d'? wdyd#ur[m*E¦0if? &efukef= 50000
3/ t&SifokE´&(omoe"Z"r®mp&d,) Mu,fwm&m 10000
4/ t&Sifa'0dE´mvuFm&? okH;xyfausmif; 10000
5/ t&Sifol&d,(ygVdyg&*l)? a&Tqifwdkif; 50000
6/ t&Sif0PÖom&mvuFm&? Mu,fwm&m 50000
7/ t&SifÓPAvmuFm&? Mu,fwm&m 100000
8/ t&Sifauo&mvuFm&? Mu,fwm&m 10000
9/ t&SifpE´aZmwd? Mu,fwm&m 10000
10/ &SifawZdE´? ta&SUwdkuf 30000
11/ t&Sifol&d,(ygVdyg&*l)ESifh ¤if;\ r,fawmfcrnf;awmfrsm;
jzpfMuaom OD;xGef;&Sdef+a':MunfMunf0if;
rdom;wpfpk? trSwf(138)? ausmufwef;NrdKU 300000
 115
12/ a':at;vSKdif? a':at;cdkif? orD;av; rD;rD;?
cdkifpE´mpwdk;? rtlyifNrdKU? {&m0wDwdkif; 200000
13/ zcifBuD; OD;ausmufcJESifh rdcifBuD; a':cifNrdKifwdkYtm;
&nfpl;í udkjrifhatmifESifh armifç ESr wpfpk? aps;a&SU
wdkufqdkifopf? ausmufwef;NrdKU 200000
14/ cGefzl;aemif? omrn 100000
15/ OD;ukrm&(omoe"Z"r®mp&d,)Mu,fwm&mESifh
¤if;\ r,fawmfcrnf;awmfrsm; jzpfMuaom
OD;atmif&Sdef+a':aiGydk? rlcwGif;aus;&Gm 50000
16/ udkodef;aZmfOD;(yDacs;)+rjrifhjrifhvGif(cg;cg;)?
atmifyef;NrdKU 50000
17/ udkat;cdkif+rcsKdwl; 30000
18/ udkqef;vGif? rdom;pk 13000
19/ udkausmfausmf+rtrmpD 10000
20/ udkodef;qef;+raX;aX; 10000
21/ udkaX;vSKdif+rjrjrrdk; 10000
22/ udkrsKd;jrifh 10000
23/ Mr.Som Vannak.CAMBODIA
24/ Mr.Cheng Ly. CAMBODIA $ 100
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rSwfcsuf= þpmtkyfudk CAMBODIA EdkifiH tvSL&SifwdkY\ e0ur®

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116
xkwfa0NyD; pmtkyfrsm;

1/ wwd,qifh? t*FkwåKd&f tvuFmyef

2/ wwd,qifh? "r®y'ydkUcscsuf
3/ 'kwd,qifh? omraPausmf? ormofw'¨dwf rSwfwrf;
4/ 'kwd,qifh? t*FkwåKd&ftvuFmyef;
5/ 'kwd,qifh? y&d0gtvuFmyef;
6/ yXrqifh? t*FkwåKd&ftvuFmyef;
7/ omraPausmf? tmcsmwfusOf;
8/ udk,fhtoGif udk,fcspfMuprf;yg
(qufvufxGufrnf)
9/ r[m*E¨m&mrduomoemvuFm&ykpämaygif;csKyf ESifh
aemufqufwGJ o'´goN*ØK[f tajz/