Ph 104 Foundations of Moral Values Philosophy Department

Units (3), Pre-requisite (Ph 101, Ph 102) School of Humanities

Section K, CTC 102, MWF 16:00-17:00 Semester 2 2019-2020
Section J, CTC 102, MWF 09:00-10:00 Joseph Guillermo - TA
Nemesio S. Que, SJ

A. Course Description
The course will consider and focus on the process of sound and valid reasoning
that should be found in any attempt to settle moral problems. In this regard,
there will be a discussion of principles of morality and the foundations of moral
values. Both classical and contemporary texts in ethics will be used. The course
will be a combination of theoretical and applied ethics.

B. Course Objectives

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- The aim of the course is to enable the students to become more

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critical of moral situations and to use lessons in class to deal with all

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kinds of moral situations.
- The course also aims to make the students realize that morality is not

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only personal but also social and political.
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- By the end of the course, the aim is also to find the students
equipped with a method to tackle moral problems in their personal,
social and political lives.
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C. Course Outline and Schedule of topics (Tentative)

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Weeks 1-2 January 22, 27, 29, 31 Introduction: What is ethics?

Moral Reasoning,
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Cultural/Ethical Relativism
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Week 3-4 February 5, 7, 10 Principles of Morality 1:

Utilitarianism
Weeks 4-6 February 12, 14, Principles of Morality 2:
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17, 19, 21, 24, 26 Aristotle’s Virtue Ethics

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Moral Reasoning: Kant’s

Categorical Imperative
Weeks 6-9 February 28 Principles of Morality 3:
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March 2, 4, 6, 9,11, 13, Kant’s Categorical Imperative

16 Mid-Term Exams (written)
Week 9 March 18 Mid-Term Exams

Week 9 - 12 March 20, 23, 30 Principles of Morality 4:

April 1, 3 Thomas Aquinas’ Natural Law,
Principle of Double Effect

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 Week 13 Holy Week Reflection Days

Week 14 April 13, 15, 17 Hannah Arendt: Thinking and

Moral Considerations
Summation of the Course
Week 15 April 22, 23, 24 Final Oral Exams

D. Required Readings:
Que, SJ, Nemesio. Notes on Moral Discernment. Unpublished.
This is a set of notes put together through years of teaching the
course. Each chapter is positioned to reflect the different parts of the
course (Ph 104).
The other set of readings consists of writings (Primary Sources) of philosophers

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on the topics to be discussed in class. These readings are required, and they

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will be used alongside the notes provided for each topic. Other readings will

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be suggested as the course progresses.

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Aristotle. Nicomachean Ethics, Bks I-II. Trans. Martin Oswald, Indianapolis:
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Bobbs-Merrill Educational Publishing, 1983.
Kant, Immanuel. Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals, trans. H.J.Paton,
New York: Harper and Row, Publishers, Inc., 1964. Chapters 1-2.
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Aquinas, St. Thomas. “On Law, Eternal Law and Natural Law,” Excerpts from
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St. Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologiae, vol. 28, Blackfriars in con-

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junction with McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, 1966, Pp. 5-97.
Manuel G. Velasquez,”Ethical Principles in Business,” Business Ethics,
Concepts and Cases, 4th ed. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 2000, 67-82.
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(Utilitarianism”
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Arendt, Hannah. “Thinking and Moral Considerations (For W. H. Auden),”

Responsibility and Judgment. Ed. Jerome Kohn. New York: Schocken
Books, 2003, 159-189.
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E. Course Requirements
1. Quizzes/assignments (3-4) – announced and unannounced. This will
test the students’ recall of the most recent lecture. They are also meant to test
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whether or not the students have read the assigned text.

2. Mid-Term written exam – will cover the topics discussed so far. This
will focus on the analysis of a moral case and working out the application of
the various ethical theories and principles learned in class.
3. Group Paper (3-5 pages): Moral case and its resolution using any or
all of the moral principles presented and discussed in class. Due April 13, 2019.

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 4. Final Oral Exam – Group presentation and defense of paper. This will test
the students’ ability to resolve a moral problem and use various principles of
morality discussed in class. The students are expected to explain moral
concepts and theories knowledgeably and clearly, use these to analyze and
decide moral cases, show how various ethical ideas and concepts are
interconnected, think with the teacher.

F. Grading System:
Quizzes / Assignments / 20%
Mid-Term Written Exam 30%
Paper 20%
Final Oral Exam 30%

Equivalences

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3.75 – 4.00 A

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3.25 – 3.74 B+

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2.75 – 3.24 B
2.25 – 2.74 C+

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1.50 – 2.24
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0.80 – 1.49 D
0.00 – 0.79 F
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G. Classroom Policies
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1. Attendance will be called at the start of each class. Students will be

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marked late if they come in within 10 minutes since the start of class; they will
be marked absent if they come in after 10 minutes. 3 instances of lateness will
count as an absence.
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2. On electronic devices (such as laptops, ipads, etc.) – these should be

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turned off during class. Phones should be turned off as well.

3. The Loyola Schools Dress Code will be enforced.
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H. Consultation hours – MF 10:30 – 12:00 and by appointment.

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Location: Philosophy Department / Office in Blue Eagle Gym

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