REVIEWER FOR ORAL COMMUNICATION

THE FUNCTION, NATURE, AND PROCESS OF COMMUNICATION

Communication- The word ‘communication’ is derived from Latin word ‘communis’, which means common. It
is a process of exchange of facts, ideas, opinions and a means that individuals or organizations share the
meaning and understanding with one another.

Methods Of Communication
Verbal
 Oral
 Written
Non-Verbal
 Body Language- the process of communicating nonverbally through conscious or unconscious gestures and
movements.
 Sign Language- a system of communication using visual gestures and signs, as used by deaf people
 Para Language- the nonlexical component of communication by speech, for example intonation, pitch and
speed of speaking, hesitation noises, gesture, and facial expression
 Circumstantial Language- also known as circumstantial thinking, or circumstantial speech, often
include excessive irrelevant details in their speaking or writing.

Oral Communication
 sound or representation of language, and its consists of the speaking and listening process.
 process begins with expressions of ideas through association with words.
 ability to talk with others to give and exchange ideas,such as: ask questions,give directions, coordinate
work tasks,explain and persuade.

Informal- casual and spontaneous

 face to face conversation
 telephone conersations
 discussions that take place at business meetings
Formal- more thought-out and prepared from learned experiences or organized training that present rules and
conventions authorized by business formal etiquette.
 presentations at business meetings
 classroom lectures
 commencement speech given at graduation ceremony

Importance of Communication
 builds the gap between two or more parties
 economic importance
 individual fulfillment
 exercising of rights and previliges

Nature of Communication

“Communication is a message understood”

“Communication is social interaction through messages”

Communication Process
 refers to the exchange of information between two or more people. It is a continous process.
Elements of

Communication
Sender- person who intends to convey the message, the source of information or message.
Ideas/ Message- this is the subject of communication, this may be an opinion,attitude, feelings, views, orders, or
suggestions.
Encoding- the process of converting the message into words,actions, or other forms that the speaker
understands.
Communication Channel- this information is transmistted to the receiver through certain channels which may
be either formal or informal.
Receiver- who receives the message or someone who decodes the message.
Decoding- the process of interpreting the encoded message of the speaker by the receiver.
Feedback- is the process of ensuring that the receiver has received the message. This is the reactions , responses,
or information provided bye the receiver.

Communication
Functions
 refers to how
people use
language for different purposes
 how language is affected by different time,place, and situation.

Functions of Communication
Control- functions which control behavior of people.
Social Interaction- allows individuals to interact with others.
Motivational- motivates or encourages people to live better.
Information- used for getting and giving information.
Emotional Expression- used to express your feelings.

COMMUNICATION MODELS

3 Models of Communication
 Shannon-Weaver Model
 Schramm Model
 Transaction Model Of Communication

Models of Communication Process

 Linear Commnuication
 Interactive
 Transactional Model

Shannon-Weaver Model
 Claude Elwood Shannon and Warren Weaver wrote an article “A mathematical Theory of
Communication” in Bell System Technical Journal (1948)
 Shannon was as an American Mathematician, Electronic Engineer, and Weaver was an American
Scientist.
 designed to develop the effective communication between sender and receiver.
 “MOTHER OF ALL MODELS”

Elements of Shannon-Weaver Model

 source
 transmitter
 channel
 receiver
 destination
“MISSING ONE ESSENTIAL ELEMENT THE ‘FEEDBACK’”

Linear Communication
 is one-way,
focusing on the transmission of a message to a receiver who never responds or has no way of
responding to the information conveyed.

Schramm Model
 visualized the process of communication as an exchange of thoughts and ideas.
 the processes of encoding and decoding are the key components of this model, including feedback.
 process goes on starting from the sender who encodes the message transmitted to the receiver which
he interprets; decodes a message to be sent back to the source who in turn, decodes and interprets the
information sent.
 Interactive
 is a two-way
communication process where a response is given after a message is sent.
 recipient of the action intentionally or unintentionally gives feedback assoaciated with the information
received.

Transactional Model
 communication is dynamic.
 use for interpersonal communication.
 senders and receivers are known as communicators, they interchange their roles.
 includes the role of context and environment.
 includes noise and communication barriers as factors.
 simultaneous feedback.