Osteoarthritis

1. Discussion point. Work in pairs or small groups to discuss about

Osteoarthritis. Justify whether it is a Mythor a Fact.
a) There are more than 200 types of
arthritis, but osteoarthritis is the most
common.
b) Osteoarthritisis caused by aging.
c) More women have osteoarthritis than
men.
d) Rainy weather does not cause arthritis,
nor makes the condition worse.
e) Osteoarthritis cannot be prevented.

2. Watch the video “Osteoarthritis | Nucleus Health”

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=41IMR_Dp5bs&t=15s

3. Match the words in column A with as many words from Column B as possible to make
meaningful combinations.
A B
Osteoarthritis

1. Synovial cartilage
2. Movable changes
3. Joint disease
4. Articular drugs
5. Body flexibility
6. Degenerative fluid
7. Family inflammation
8. Joint injury
9. Bony joints
10. Common medications
11. Anti-inflammatory membrane
12. Lifestyle osteoarthritis
13. Severe projections
14. Bone provider
15. Healthcare removal
tendency
tissue

4. Follow up activities. Choose the correct variant. More than one is possible. Justify your
answers.
a) Bones provide….
 Movement +  Speed
 Strength  +Support
b) There are ……………….types of joint.
 unmovable, movable or freely moveable
 immovable, slightly movable or largely moveable
 + immovable, slightly movable or freely moveable
 non-movable, slightly movable or freemoveable
c) A synovial membrane surrounds ……………..joints.
 Non-movable
 Movable +
 Slightly movable
 Immovable
d) Joints give the body …………..

 Flexibility +  Energy
Osteoarthritis

 Precision of movement +
 +Support
e) Arthritis is any disorder that affects ………..
 Joints +  Bones
 Limbs  +Old people
f) The joints most commonly affected are in the ….
 shoulders, knees, hips and spine.  + fingers, knees, hips and spine.
 hands, shoulders, legs and spine.  hands, knees, hips and spine.
g) Osteoarthritis is a joint disease resulting from…
 Aging +  Cold weather
 Cartilage damage +  + Excessive exercises
h) Osteoarthritis is also called…
 Wear and tear disease+  Degenerative disease+
 Old people’s disease  OA+

5. Vocabulary Comprehension check. Guess the word….

a) _____ Synovial liquid _____________ the thick liquid that lubricates your joints and
keeps them moving smoothly.
b) ________ articular cartilage __________ is the smooth, white tissue that covers the
ends of bones where they come together to form joints.
c) _______ Bone spurs ___________ are hard bumps that form around your joints or on
your spine
d) _____ non- steroidal anti-inflamatory drugs and NSIADs _____________ are
medicines that are widely used to relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and bring down a
high temperature.
e) _______ Hyaluronic acid ___________ is a clear naturally produced substance ,found
in your skin, connective tissue and eyes.
f) ________ Joint resurfacing __________is a surgical procedure that cuts and reshapes
your bones.

6. Choose the correct variant.

Osteoarthritis

a) Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that commonly occurs at/

in older people.
b) Over many years, these factors can wear away/off the articular cartilage.
c) The synovial fluid lubricates and nourishes joint tissue inside/around the membrane.
d) Osteoarthritis is characterized by the growth of bony projections, called bone spurs
onto/into the bone surfaces.
e) Often the cause of osteoarthritis might be problem with the bone joints not lining on/up
properly.
f) Lifestyle changes may help slow down/upthe progression of osteoarthritis.
g) Hyaluronic acid allows the bones to slide across/over each other more easily.

7. a) Let’s identify the risk factors for developing Osteoarthritis.

overuse of joints
obesity
posture
sport
sedentary life

b) Tick statements referring to people included within the OA risk

groups. Explore online.
Osteoarthritis

 + Obese people  Smokers

 + People with family history  + African people
 People over 50 years old and  + People with poor posture.
children.  Muslims
 + Gender. OA can affect  Vegetarians
both men and women.  + People with other types of arthritis.
 Aggressive people  + Pregnant women
 +Athletes  +People with low immune system
 + People who lead a sedentary  + Bedridden people
lifestyle.  + People who had previous injury.
 + Diabetic people  Nordic people
 People who abuse alcohol

8. Grammar Point. Many medical terms use prefix re- to show that
something is done repeatedly. Make your own examples. Explain them.

9. Fill in the new Vocabulary (Verbs) to make meaningful statements.

1) Injections of
1) Lubricate -
hyaluronic acid may the joint and relief
pain. Nourish -

2) This therapy is well-known for its property to Replace-

relieve pain, swelling and to the tissues.
2) Slide –
3) Eventually, if the cartilage
completely, bone will rub 3) Wear away

on bone. Remove
4) This material allows the bones to over
4) Restorerestabl
each without causing pain.
i

5) Line up

6) Lubricate
Osteoarthritis

5) The doctor may want you to walk or stand on one leg to see how your
hips
6) Whether to the patella remains controversial in total knee
arthroplasty.
7) Surgeons may fuse more bones in order to stabilize and
the spine.
Move
8) The damaged cartilage will be with long-
Start
lasting artificial parts. Search
9) Repeat these five breaths as soon as you put on the mask, and again after you
_____________________________
_reuse
it.
Remake
10) There are no treatment to knee function, only reducing pain.
Regard
rebuild_______________________
RE-
10. About bone spurs…Write derivatives for:_____________________________
Bone spurs also called osteophytes, are_____________________________
smooth, bony growing_____________ (to grow)that
form over a long period. They grow on_____________________________
_____________________________
normal bone and tend to occur with
__________
aging_____________ (age). The spurs
themselves are not painful_____________
(pain). Their effect on
neighboring_____________ (neighbor)
structures, such as nerves and the
_____________spinal (spine)cord can cause pain. Common symptoms are lose_____________
(to lose) of coordination, muscle weakness_____________(weak),muscle spasms or
_____________numbness (numb). Factors that contribute to bone spurs include aging,
_____________heredity (hereditary), injuries, poor nutrition and poor posture ____________
(post).Physical therapy and manipulate_____________ (to manipulate) of joints to restore
_____________flexibility (flexible) and strongness _____________ (strong).
Osteoarthritis

11. OA- diseased patientstalking about their problems. Fill in the proper

8Painful /2 low-impact/12 poor/1 tough/3 safe/5 loose/ 4 limber/11desperate/

9stiffer / 6excruciating/10 degenerative/7 unbearable.

Adjectives:
1) I can’t make simple daily tasks like brushing my
teeth, and even eating can be sometimes
…………………because of pain in fingers.
2) Yes, I started with……………..... exercises that
I tried to gradually increase to moderate…
3) I had to talk with my healthcare provider about
my…………………weight-loss program ,
since I am overweight.
4) I think yoga is quite very helpful for me ,
stretching keepsmy joints …………………
5) Sometimes the braces on my knees become
too…………………and I don’t help anymore.
6) Sometimes the pain killers just don’t work and the pain is even more ………………
7) I do quite a lot weight training and I often feel…………………pain in my elbows.May this
lead to arthritis?
8) A yearon, my neck feels much …………………like I constantly have a crick in my neck
from sleeping awkwardly.
9) Hi, I have arthritis in both knees, andI'm finding it difficult to walk up stairs and now every
step is ……………………
10) I was told it was a progressively …………….… disease so I tried to stay ahead of the
oncoming issues by getting an orthopaedic mattress…
11) My pain doctor said I have to live with it. I try to be positive but a lot of the time I am
……………………
12) Unfortunately , my quality of life is …………………. Pain medication can’t enable me
function better ….
Osteoarthritis
12. Extra speaking activity. Match theDoctor’s Questions with Patient’s
Answers.
Doctor’s Questions
1. Hello Mrs. Bellamy. Can you tell me
why you are here today?
2. Is anything else that is bothering
you?
3. What is the pain like? Can you score
it from 1 to 10 points?
4. Have you felt this kind of pain
before? When did it actually start?
5. Any ideas why is this happening?
Did you have any injuries or falls in
the past?
6. Do you have any other complications
aside from the pain in your knees?
7. Is there anything that makes the pain
worse or makes it better?
8. Are you taking any medications now?
9. Well , it looks like you have
osteoarthritis. But some
investigations need to be done to
confirm it.
10. The joint becomes damaged or
deteriorated. And again, we don't
know exactly the cause. Do you have
anyone in your family suffering from
Osteoarthritis? Genetics can be a
major risk factor…
11. I see. Do you have any other
concerns?
Patient’s Answers
 5 I did fall, well over a decade ago. At that
time the doctor told me that I will get arthritis
but of course I paid no attention then... I was
too young to worry about…
 4 In the beginning, I started feeling pain in
my knees, like pins and needles. It was
perhaps some months before.
 1 Good morning, Doctor! I have a terrible
pain in my knees for a while…And it is quire
bothersome…
 6 No, but it affects me mentally; because I
can't do the things that I used to do around the
house. Even walking around can be difficult
some days.
 2No. This pain is just really bad … I feel
them stiff and swollen in the morning and it
isn't getting any better.
 3Oh, I think it is 10! The pain is really
excruciating now!!! I cannot even climb the
staircase at home!
 11Well, doctor , I'm worried about how
arthritis will affect my everyday life. What
should I do to ease the pain and discomfort?
 8 Oh, I am taking pain relievers. But they
don’t last long…
 10 Yes, my mom.
 9Oh, why does this happen, Doctor?
 7Well, on cold days or rainy days, the pain is
Osteoarthritis

debilitating…Nothing helps, even

when I’m at rest…

13. Following the dialogue, make up the treatment options for Mrs. Bellamy, based on the
information above. Complete the case report.

1st treatment option:

2nd treatment option:

3rdtreatment option:

Case study : Osteoarthritis, Female, 62 years old

Current health condition:

Symptoms:

Recent complains:
Osteoarthritis

Medication Use:

Family History:

Investigations :

Treatment plan:
Osteoarthritis

14. Home project. Complete the concept mapping with useful tips.