Activity Sheet in Chemistry

Week 8

Situation: I want to have friends over for lunch on Saturday and make grilled cheese sandwiches that require 2 slices
of bread and 1 slice of cheese. I open the refrigerator to find that I have 40 slices of cheese. I look in the bread box to
find that I have 16 slices of bread.

What to do:
A. Write out the recipe, also known as an equation of the given situation. (Note: follow exactly what is presented in
the video of the 1st link)

2 slices of bread + 1 slice of cheese 1 grilled cheese sandwich

Key points to consider:

1. Which of my ingredients is limiting the # of sandwiches I can make?

Bread is the limiting reactant.
2. How many sandwiches can I make?
I can make 8 sandwiches.
3. How much of my starting material is left over once I am done making sandwiches?
The left over (of my starting material) once I'm done making sandwiches are 32 slices of cheese.
B.

Definition of Terms:

Balanced -has equal numbers of atoms for each element involved in the reaction are
Reaction represented on the reactant and product sides
-is an equation for a chemical reaction in which the number of atoms for
each element in the reaction and the total charge is the same for both
the reactants and the products
Limiting -the first reactant to run out during the reaction
Reactant
Excess -a reactant present in an amount in excess of that required to combine with
Reactant all of the limiting reactant
-one remaining in the reaction mixture once all the limiting reactant is
consumed
Conversion - is a ratio (or fraction) that represents the relationship between two
Factor different units
- is ALWAYS equal to 1
Stoichiometry – is a section of chemistry that involves using relationships between
reactants and/or products in a chemical reaction to determine desired
quantitative data
- is the quantitative relation between the number of moles (and therefore
mass) of various products and reactants in a chemical reaction.

C.
Aluminum reacts with chlorine gas to form aluminum chloride via the following reaction:
2Al + 3Cl2 2AlCl3
How many grams of aluminum chloride could be produced from 34.0 g of aluminum and 39 g of chlorine gas? Find:
a) the limiting reactant b) amount of excess reactant

Solution:

1) Determine the limiting reactant:

34 g
Al ⇒ 26.98 g /mol =1.2602 mol 34.0 g / 26.98 g/mol = 1.2602 mol
39 g
Cl2 ⇒ 70.906 g /mol =0.5500 mol 39.0 g / 70.906 g/mol = 0.5500 mol

1.2602mol
Al ⇒ =0.6301 mol 1.2602 mol / 2 =
2
0.5500 mol
Cl2 ⇒ =0.1833 mol 0.5500 mol / 3 =
3

Chlorine gas is the limiting reagent.

2) Use Cl2 : AlCl3 molar ratio:

3 is to 2 as 0.5500 mol is to x

x = 0.3667 mol of AlCl3 produced

Convert to grams:

0.3667 mol x 133.341 g/mol = 48.9 g (to three sig fig)

The mass of aluminum that remains after the reaction ceases (proper molar ratio)

48.9 g - 39.0 g = 9.9 g of Al reacted

34.0 g - 9.9 g = 24.1 g

2Al + 3Cl2 ==> 2AlCl3

Find limiting reactant:
moles Al present = 12.8 g Al x 1 mol Al/27.0 g = 0.474 moles Al (÷2 ->0.237)
moles Cl2 present = 31.9 g Cl2 x 1 mol/71 g = 0.449 moles Cl2 (÷3 ->0.149) LIMITING REACTANT
Name of limiting reactant is chlorine