6

TLE-AGRICULTURE 6

SELF-LEARNING MATERIAL

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 TLE
Agriculture
Development Team of the Module

Authors: AILEEN D. HUERTO

Editor: Virgilio O. Guevarra Jr., Ed.D.
Reviewer: Celedonio B. Balderas Jr.
Management Team: Gemma G. Cortez, Ed.D., CID - Chief
Leylanie V. Adao, EPS - LR
Joel D. Salazar, EPS In-charge
SDO Dasmariñas City

Guide in Using Learner’s Module

For the Parents/Guardian

This module is designed to assist you as the learning facilitator at
home. It provides you with activities and lesson information that the
learners need to accomplish in a distance learning modality.

For the Learner

This module is designed to guide you in your independent learning
activities at your own pace and time. This also aims to help you acquire
the competencies required by the Department of Education at the
comfort of your home.
You are expected to answer all activities on separate sheets of
paper and submit the outputs to your respective teachers on the timePage | 2
and date agreed upon.
 I What I need to know?
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to
help you understand what agriculture is. This module is designed for you to
discover and expand your knowledge about farming. The les-sons are arranged
to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read
them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.
In this module you will be able to:

• Discusses the importance of planting and propagating trees and

fruit-bearing trees and marketing seedlings
• Uses technology in the conduct to find out the elements to be
observed in planting fruit-bearing trees, market demands for fruits
and famous orchard farms in the country
• Conduct survey to identify the different types of orchard farms,
trees appropriate for orchard gardening, proper way of planting
and propagating trees, sources of fruit-bearing trees, and how to
care for seedlings
• Propagates trees and fruit-bearing trees using scientific processes.
• Identifies the appropriate tools and equipment in plant propagation
and their uses
• Demonstrates scientific ways of propagating fruit-bearing trees
• Observes healthy and safety measures in propagating fruit-bearing
trees
• Performs systematic and scientific ways of caring orchard
trees/seedlings such as watering, cultivating, preparing and
applying organic fertilizer
• Markets fruits and seedlings
• Conducting survey to find out the persons in the community
whose occupation is animal (four-legged)/fish raising, kinds of four
legged animals/fish being raised as means of livelihood, possible
hazards of animal/fish raising and ways how to prevent it
• Benefits that can be derived from animal/fish raising
• Successful entrepreneurs in animal/fish raising
• Plans for the family’s animal raising project

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 • Implements plan on animal/fish raising
• Monitors growth and progress
LESSON/TOPIC MOST LEARNING DURATION
ESSENTIAL TASKS/
LEARNING APPICATION/
COMPETENCIES ASSESSEMENT
Lesson 1 Discusses the Learning Task 1: 1 week
importance of Pretest
Importance of
planting trees and
Planting and Learning Task 2:
fruit-bearing trees
Propagating Matching Type
and marketing
Trees Learning Task 3:
seedlings
Illustration
Learning Task 4:
Essay
Learning Task 5:
Engagement
Learning Task 6:
Post Test
Learning Task 7:
Generalization

LESSON/TOPIC MOST LEARNING DURATION

ESSENTIAL TASKS/
LEARNING APPICATION/
COMPETENCIES ASSESSEMENT
Lesson 2 Uses technology Learning Task 1: 1 week
in the conduct of Pretest
Gathering
Information survey to find out Learning Task 2:
the following:
about Planting Crossword Puzzle
Fruit-Bearing - Elements to Learning Task 3:
Trees using be observed
Survey
Technology in planting
and

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 propagating Learning Task 4:
trees Essay
- Market Learning Task 5:
demands Engagement
for fruits
- Famous Learning Task 6:
orchard Post Test
farms in the Learning Task 7:
country
Generalization

LESSON/TOPIC MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING DURATION

LEARNING TASKS/
COMPETENCIES APPICATION/
ASSESSEMENT
Lesson 3 Conduct a survey to Learning Task 1: 1 week
Gathering identify: Pretest
Information - Types of orchard Learning Task 2:
about Planting farms Word Hunt
Fruit-Bearing - Trees appropriate Learning Task 3:
Trees using for orchard Checklist
Technology gardening based
on location, Learning Task 4:
climate, and Essay
market demands Learning Task 5:
- Proper way of Engagement
planting/propagat
Learning Task 6:
ing trees and
Post Test
fruit-bearing trees
- Sources of fruit- Learning Task 7:
bearing trees Generalization
- How to care for
seedlings

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LESSON/TOPIC MOST LEARNING DURATION
ESSENTIAL TASKS/
LEARNING APPICATION/
COMPETENCIES ASSESSEMENT
Lesson 4 Propagates trees Learning Task 1: 1 week
and fruit-bearing Pretest
Propagating
fruit-bearing trees using Learning Task 2:
scientific Matching Type
trees
processes
Learning Task 3:
Illustration
Identifies the Learning Task 4:
appropriate tools
Essay
and equipment in
plant propagation Learning Task 5:
and their uses Engagement
Learning Task 6:
Post Test
Demonstrates
scientific ways of Learning Task 7:
propagating fruit- Generalization
bearing trees

Observes healthy
and safety
measures in
propagating fruit-
bearing trees.

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LESSON/TOPIC MOST LEARNING DURATION
ESSENTIAL TASKS/
LEARNING APPICATION/
COMPETENCIES ASSESSEMENT
Lesson 5 Performs Learning Task 1: 1 week
systematic and Pretest
Systematic and
Scientific ways scientific ways of Learning Task 2:
caring orchard Multiple Choice
of caring
Orchard trees trees/seedlings
such as watering, Learning Task 3:
cultivating, Illustration
preparing, and Learning Task 4:
applying organic Essay
fertilizer
Learning Task 5:
Engagement
Learning Task 6:
Post Test
Learning Task 7:
Generalization

LESSON/TOPIC MOST LEARNING DURATION

ESSENTIAL TASKS/
LEARNING APPICATION/
COMPETENCIES ASSESSEMENT
Lesson 6 Markets fruits Learning Task 1: 1 week
and seedlings Pretest
Marketing Fruits
and Seedlings Learning Task 2:
Multiple Choice
Develop plan for
expansion of Learning Task 3:
planting trees and Illustration
seedling Learning Task 4:
production Essay
Learning Task 5:

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 Engagement
Learning Task 6:
Post Test
Learning Task 7:
Generalization

LESSON/TOPIC MOST LEARNING DURATION

ESSENTIAL TASKS/
LEARNING APPICATION/
COMPETENCIES ASSESSEMENT
Lesson 7 Conducts survey Learning Task 1: 1 week
Animal Raising to find out Pretest
and Fish - Persons in Learning Task 2:
Farming the Multiple Choice
community
Learning Task 3:
whose Illustration
occupation
is animal Learning Task 4:
(four- Essay
legged)/ fish Learning Task 5:
farming Engagement
- Kinds of
Learning Task 6:
four-legged
Post Test
animals/
fish being Learning Task 7:
raised as Generalization
means of
livelihood
- Possible
hazards
that animal
raising can
cause to the
people and
community
- Ways to

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 prevent
hazards
that animal
raising
animals

LESSON/TOPIC MOST LEARNING DURATION

ESSENTIAL TASKS/
LEARNING APPICATION/
COMPETENCIES ASSESSEMENT
Lesson 8 Benefits that can Learning Task 1: 1 week
be derived from Pretest
Starting Animal
animal/fish
and Fish Learning Task 2:
raising
Farming Illustration
Learning Task 3:
Stories of SWOT Analysis
Successful Learning Task 4:
entrepreneurs in Essay
animal/fish
raising Learning Task 5:
Engagement
Learning Task 6:
Plans for the Post Test
family’s animal
raising project Learning Task 7:
Generalization

Implements plan
on animal/fish
raising

Monitors growth
and progress

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Keeps an updated
record of growth
and progress

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I What is new?
INTRODUCTION
In this lesson we are going to discover and learn all about trees and their
importance to our daily lives. As there are different kinds of plants, there
are also different kinds of trees such as fruit-bearing and non-fruit
bearing. For this lesson we are going to discover more about trees.
In this lesson, we are going to:
• Discuss the importance of planting and propagating trees and fruit-
bearing trees and marketing seedlings.

Lesson Presentation
Learning Task 1: When you hear the word “AGRICULTURE”, what
comes to your mind? Draw 3 things or idea that comes to your mind as
heard the word agriculture.

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D What I know?
The Importance of Planting/ Propagating Trees
Planting and propagating trees is a
source of livelihood for many Filipino
families. Orchards abound in the
countryside where mangoes, bananas,
jackfruit, guava, santol and many other
tropical fruits grow. Many of these fruits
find their way to international shores as they are exported to other
countries like Japan and United Kingdom, Spain and Italy. Many people
nowadays engage in propagating fruit-bearing trees as a source of
additional income for their daily needs. Fruit-bearing trees that can be
planted in your backyard depend on several factors: the space in your
backyard, the kind of soil, and the type of climate in your own community.
You should be able to demonstrate understanding of scientific practices in
planting trees and fruit-bearing trees.
Planting and propagating trees and fruit-bearing trees is one way of
making food available to everyone regardless of one’s social or economic
status. A backyard lot is enough to plant and cultivate fruit trees or
vegetables. Aside from being economical, planting fruit trees can also be
recreational for every family member to get occupied with during their free
time at home.

Benefits Derived from Planting Trees and Fruit-Bearing Trees

Below are the benefits derived from planting trees
and fruit-bearing trees.
1. Trees are important sources of food and
medicine.
2. Trees provide shade and keep the environment cool, fresh
and beautiful.
3. They release oxygen that every individual needs to breathe.

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4. They also absorb carbon dioxide; thus, cleaning the
air of this toxic material, and completing the carbon
cycle.
5. Trees filter the heat of the sun and lessen the noise
pollution, acting as barriers to the sound around us.
6. They can help control food and soil erosion that can cause human
fatalities.

Learning Task 2: Match column A to column B. Match the appropriate tree

for each fruit. Write the letter of your answer to the space provided before
the number.
1.

a.

2.

b.

3.
c.

d.
4.

e.

5.

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Learning Task 3: Directions: Draw 3 benefits derived from planting trees
and fruit-bearing trees

Content 5 4 3 2 1

Relevance

Creativity

Clarity

Learning Task 4: Based on what you learned on the importance of

planting and propagating trees, make a simple essay that discusses your
insights and idea about the importance of planting and propagating trees.
Pangalan: Guro:
Baitang at Seksyon: Petsa:

The Importance of Planting and Propagating Trees

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 Contents 5 4 3 2 1

Relevance

Clarity

Content

Classmates’
Insights

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 E What is more?
Learning Task 5: Directions: Using the different magazines and other
reading materials, cut out or draw different fruit-bearing trees and make a
collage out of it. Your collage will be graded using the rubrics below.
Standard Description Points

Content The collage shows different 8

varieties of fruit-bearing trees

Creativity The collage is arranged in a 8

well-mannered way that every
picture can be seen properly.

Time Management The work is passed within the 4

given time

Total 20

Pangalan: Guro:
Baitang at Seksyon: Petsa:

A Collage of Fruit-Bearing Trees

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 A What I have learned?
Learning Task 6: Write TRUE if the statement shows the importance of
planting and propagating trees and write FALSE if the statement does not
show the importance of planting and propagating trees.
1. Trees are important because they only produce food that is essential
to our daily living.
2. Trees helps preventing floods by serving as anchors to the soil.
3. Planting and propagating trees is a source of livelihood for many
Filipino families
4. Trees absorb carbon dioxide; thus, cleaning the air by absorbing
other toxic gasses.
5. Non-fruit bearing trees provides food by giving fruits such as banana,
mango etc.
6. Trees give us shade and cool the surrounding
7. Trees release carbon dioxide that we humans need for us to breathe.
8. Trees filter the heat of the sun and lessen the noise pollution, acting
as barriers to the sound around us.
9. Many fruits are being exported to different countries to have a better
profit.
10. Some trees can be used as medicines too.

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 A What I can do?
Learning Task 7: Throughout this module, we learned that trees play a vital
role in our daily lives. Whether is the tree is fruit-bearing or non-fruit bearing,
it is still important for us. It can rather give us food or medicine, or even give
us shade and help fight pollution. As proof of your learning to this module,
Make a simple poster on the importance of trees to us.

5 4 3 2 1

Creativity

Content

Color

Clarity

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I What I need to know?
Philippines is known as an “Agriculture Country” wherein lots of
agricultural products are being produced throughout the country such as
rice grains, corn, and wide variety of fruits. In this lesson we are going to
explore all about fruit-bearing trees including farms known as orchards
and market demand of fruits in the Philippines.
In this lesson, we are going to:
• Identify successful orchard farms in the country

Learning Task 1: Identify the following fruits below. Write your answer
on the space provided.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

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D What I know?
Famous Orchard Farms in the Philippines
Rosa Farms: A sprawling 12.5-hectare farm
located at Km. 156 National Highway, San
Marcelino-San Antonio Boudary, Zambales. The
property was purchased by David Jocson and
Rosa Magsaysay way back in the 1920s. It was
originally called Linoron Farm in reference to a
nearby river. When Mt. Pinatubo Volcano erupted in 1991, the whole place
was buried in ash, leaving only a few surviving mango trees. David and
Rosa’s grandchildren faced the devastation with a resilient spirit, armed
with the lessons taught by their grandparents. They rehabilitated and
developed the farm into a mango orchard. By 2011, the farm was renamed
as Rosa Farms under the management of Ding and Nelda Zulueta. Today, it
is not just an ordinary mango orchard but an agri-tourism destination, as
well as a venue for team building, and corporate events, camping and
family outing, educational tours, rest and recreation.

Gapuz Grapes Farms: Ciliro Gapuz started the business in the 1980s to
provide for his family. Thirty years on, the farm has produced beyond
expectations. This family also helped neighboring farmers and interested
locals in planting grapes. Visitors and tourists will find the farm a
refreshing experience and a feast to the senses. Gapuz Grapes Farms is in
Barangay Urayong, Bauang, La Union.

Rock Farm: If you are an orange lover – from

Sunkist, Hamlin, and ponkan variety – then visit
Rock Farm at Café Bodega in Stauton Road,
Sagada, Mountain Province. Pick and pay rate is
P50 per kilo (as of 2012). Entrance fee is P50 (you
can eat as much as you want inside the farm).
Orange picking season is from November to February. The citrus
experience and the sight of oranges will surely bring fun to families and
orange enthusiasts.

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Philippine Mango Seedling Farm Corp. (PMSFC): A family-owned and
operated agricultural enterprise situated in the border of Candaba,
Pampanga and Baliuag, Bulacan. The company was established mainly for
three objectives: 1) environmental preservation through youth education; 2)
strengthening of the mango industry by ensuring the constant and
sustainable supply of mango produce; and 3) livelihood enhancement
through corporate involvement by promoting mano farming.

Elements to be Observed in Planting Trees and Fruit-

bearing Trees
1. Choose the best place for planting. Trees and fruit
trees require more space for growth than ornamental
plants or crops. This is so, because trees and fruit trees
grow tall and wide. There are trees that have roots that expand sideward
and those that moves downward.
2. Choose the seed that best suit the season and soil.
This means the seeds come from a good quality mother
and the seeds are healthy, mature with no blemishes or
cuts, and of the right size and form. Seeds must be
prepared before planting. Planting should be done preferably during the
rainy season.

3. Put sufficient fertilizers in the soil. It is advisable

to prepare the soil before planting. This means cleaning
the soil and its surrounding area and mixing the soil
with organic fertilizers.

4. Take care of the soil and the plants regularly. Caring

for the young trees means removing the grass and the
weeds around them so they do not compete in getting the
nutrients from the soil. Keeping the soil always moist is
not a problem during the rainy season.

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Market Demands for Fruits
To ensure success in selling fruits, the farmer or seller should consider
the following market demands:
1. Buyers select fruits and other products of good quality, usually based
on size, shape, and appearance.
2. Good quality fruits have the same appearance, size, stage of maturity,
state of freshness, and shape.
3. Fruits should be in their freshest state when being sold. They can
command higher prices.
4. Pack fruits properly in good containers to maintain their freshness and
to avoid cuts, bruises, and blemishes.
5. Price your products based on the current price on the market. Going
with the current price makes your product competitive. Generally,
when products are sold during the peak season, if your products are of
superior quality, you can demand a higher price. Many consumers
prefer to pay a higher price if they feel they are getting their money’s
worth.

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Learning Task 2:

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 Learning Task 3: Conduct a survey to identify:
Data Farmer 1 Farmer 2 Farmer 3 Farmer 4

Types of Orchard
Farm
Trees appropriate
for orchard
gardening based on
location, climate,
and market
demands
Proper way of
planting/
propagating trees
(budding,
marcotting,
grafting)
Sources of fruit-
bearing trees
How to care for
seedlings

Learning Task 4: If you are going to start an orchard farm, what would
be the main fruit that you will cultivate? Share your idea.
Name of Orchard Farm:

I chose this orchard farm because

Content 5 4 3 2 1

Relevance

Content

Clarity

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E What is more?
Learning Task 5: Interview a farmer. Find out what fruit trees he plants
the entire year. Ask why he chooses those trees over the others, how he
harvests them, and how he markets them. You may do your interview
through text or chat. Write the result of your interview in the space provide
before the number.

Name of the Interviewer:

Name of the Interviewee:

Content 5 4 3 2 1
Relevance
Content
Clarity

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 A What I have learned?
Learning Task 6: Answer the following questions below
1. What are the benefits we derived from trees and fruit – bearing trees?

2. How do trees contribute to a healthy and safe environment?

3. What are the benefits of having a skill in planting trees?

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A What I can do?

Learning Task 7: Throughout this module, we learned that all the fruits
that we eat came from farms and different orchards. As we end this module,
complete the statement below to share what you learned in this module.
I leaned that

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Page | 30
I What I need to know?
There are many things to consider if you are thinking of embarking on an
orchard project. It is a most fulfilling endeavor especially if you are able to
harvest the fruits of your labor and earn additional income for the family.
In the previous lesson, you learned the importance of planting and
propagating trees and fruit-bearing trees, their many benefits to humans,
and their impact on the country’s economic and social development.
This lesson will discuss important details about orchard farming. Many
people engage in this livelihood without taking the time to study the
systematic and scientific processes involved. As a result, some people have
been unsuccessful in this undertaking, resulting in loss of income. What
are the important things one needs to know to avoid this from happening?
This lesson hopes to provide answers on the common types of orchards,
the two ways of propagating trees, tools, and equipment used in plant
propagation, sources for of fruit-bearing tress in the Philippines, and
health and safety measures in undertaking an orchard project.

Learning Task 1: Complete the Venn Diagram below. Write the different
characteristics of a garden and a farm. Write their similarities in the
middle.

Garden Farm

Characteristics Similarities Characteristics

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D What I know?
Common Types of Orchards
1. Banana Plantation- Native to Southeast Asia, the Banana is a large
herbaceous plant with a perennial root. It usually
bears fruit within ten months.
Then Philippines has consistently been in the list of
top five banana-producing countries in the world. It is
the leading fruit grown int the country and the
biggest dollar earner. The Davao region, Northern Mindanao, and
SOCCSKSARGEN are among the highest producers.
2. Citrus (Calamansi) Plantation- Native to
Southeast Asia, calamansi is characterized by wing-
like appendages on the leaf stalks, white or purplish
flowers and fruit.
In the Philippines, one of the top calamansi-
producing provinces is Mindoro Oriental.
3. Mango Plantation – Native to India, the mango tree
grows up to 12ft high, with spreading top and
numerous branches. It is widely grown in the tropics
for its succulent fruit. The fruit, which is fleshy drupe,
is somewhat kidney shaped.

4. Durian Plantation – Native to the hot, humid

rainforests of Southeast Asia, the durian fruit is round,
or egg shaped and usually weighs 2.8 to 3.5kg (6 to
8lb). It requires three months to develop and ripen.
In the Philippines, the top producers of durian are Davao del Norte,
Compostela Valley, and North Cotabato.
5. Palm Trees Plantation- Palm is the common name
for a family of woody flowering plants widespread in
the tropics. They are of great economic importance
because of food, fiber and oil they provide.

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6. Coconut Plantation- The tree, called coconut palm,
has cylindrical trunk about 45cm in diameter and can
grow up 25m high. The mature coconut is oval-shaped
and has a thick, fibrous outer husk, and hard inner
shell.
In the Philippines, coconut production plays a significant role in the
economy. About 25 percent of cultivated land in the country are planted in
coconut trees. This is equivalent to about 3.6 million hectares.

Trees Suited for Orchard Gardening based on:

1. Location
Hill Side Slopping Area In the Valley Plains
Banana
Mango
Mango Citrus
Coconut Coconut Durian Dragon Fruit
Mango Cashew Banana Jackfruit
Pili Nut Palm Tree Papaya Guava
Palm Tree Pili Nut Mangosteen Star apple
Santol
Coconut

2. Climate
Elevated (Cold) Lowly (Warm) Dry Season Wet Season
Grape Mango Banana Durian
Pomelo Coconut Pili Nut Banana
Banana Palm Tree Mango
Guava Dragonfruit

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 Durian Papaya
Guava
Star apple

3. Market Demand
Banana Jackfruit
Mango Guava
Citrus Star apple
Dragonfruit Santol
Coconut

Planting and Propagating Trees

In general, there are two ways of planting trees. The first is through
direct seedling, which makes use of seeds and directly planting them into
the plot or garden area. The problem with this method it may take very long
time for the trees to start bearing fruit. They can take up to more than a
decade to bear fruits and the quality of the fruit may or may not be the
same as those from which the seeds were taken.
Another method is through indirect planting, also called transplanting.
In this method, parts of a plant, pre-groom seedlings or plants propagated
from seeds are planted initially in a seed bed or seed box before
transferring it to the permanent plot or garden area once it is grown.
One’s success in orchard farming depends largely on different
preparation from selection of seed or stock, composition of soil media,
irrigation, fertilizing, and technique on propagation. But when we talk
about better achievement in orchard, plant propagation
takes the lead. Plant propagation is the growing of new
plant from seeds or from parts of existing plant.
There are two types of plant propagation:
- Sexual Propagation – propagation using valuable seeds. These
seeds have the capacity to germinate and grow.

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 - Asexual Propagation – is the production of new plants from leaves,
stems, and roots. It can be done manually, either naturally or using
scientific approach.

Here are the examples:

- T-Budding – a method in which two plant parts, the
mature lateral bud from a scion is attached to another
plant of the same family, which eventually produces a
sprout to form a new plant.

- Marcotting – a method that allows the

stem to develop roots while still on the mother plant.

- Cleft Grafting – a method wherein the union of a

scion from a mature plant and a stock from a
seedling of same plant family, allow the growth of a
new plant.
The stump left from a mature tree that has been cut down is usually
ideal for attaching scions since there are a lot of life left in it and a huge
root system that can serve as water source.
The following scientific procedures of asexual propagation ensure quality
improvement of plant species. The benefits of the procedure include:
- Early plant maturity
- Improved growth and expansion of leaves canopy
- Invulnerable to diseases and pest infestation; and
- Higher yield
Sources of Fruit-Bearing Trees
There are several sources of fruit-bearing trees. They are
available and sold in different stages of growth and ready to
be transplanted. Among these sources are:
- Commercial Nursery – ran by private individuals
usually offering landscaping materials and services.
- Agricultural Institution – A school that offers a course related
to agriculture and other plant studies.
- Department of Agriculture – responsible for any
agricultural activities in terms of vegetables and fruits.
- Bureau of Plant Industry – They develop scientific

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 improvement for each plant species present in a locality and
adjacent places.
Ways to Care for Seedlings
- Always use fertile soil medium for planting.
- Water the seedlings every morning and afternoon.
- Check for possible pest infestation and apply immediate remedy.
- Arrange the seedlings in an organized manner. Make sure to follow
proper layout of guidelines for a convenient working area.

Learning Task 2: Find the following words listed at the right of the word
hunt puzzle. Encircle the words that you will find.

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Learning Task 3: In your locality: Find out the appropriateness of
location, climate, soil, and market demand for common trees and fruit
bearing trees. Put a check on the appropriate boxes.
LOCATION COMMON TREES AND FRUIT-BEARING TREES
Banana Citrus Mango Caimito Guava Jackfruit
Topography
(Suitable Areas)
• Hill
• Slope
• Valley
• Plain
Climate
• Elevated
• Lowly
• Dry
Season
• Wet
Season
Market Demand
• Low
• Average
• High
Farmer’s Signature:

Learning Task 4: Each fruit bearing trees differ on how and where they
can grow. In your community, what do you think is the most
appropriate fruit-bearing tree to propagate? Explain your answer.

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E What is more?
Learning Task 5: Demonstrate one of the methods in plant propagation. Use
the guide given below. Place your pictures on the box provided as proof of
your activity.

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Documentation of my Activity: (Paste the pictures here)

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 A What I have learned?
Learning Task 6: Matching Type. Match column A to Column B. Write the
letter of your answer on the space provided before the number.
Column A Column B
1. Banana a. Used to cut any piece of sheet.
2. Citrus (Calamansi) b. Ronnie has to water seedlings
and young plants so he needs this
tool.
3. Mango c. Its tree can grow up to 25 meters
high.
4. Durian d. Type of soil that is dark brown,
very porous, and perfect for orchard
gardening.
5. Palm Tree e. A large herbaceous plant that is
usually bears fruit within 10
months
6. Coconut f. Type of soil that cannot hold water
and is not advisable for planting
trees.
7. Garden scissors g. Used for cutting small branches
of planting materials including the
unnecessary branches.
8. Pruning shears h. Its tree grows up to 15ft. high and
bears fleshy succulent fruits.
9. Knife i. The production of new plants from
other plant parts.
10. Sprinklers j. Used for cutting and slice planting
material for performing processes.
11. Loam k. Belongs to a family of woody
flowering plants common in the
tropics.

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12. Sand l. Fruit with wing-like appendages
on the leaf stalks.
13. Clay m. Plant propagation using seeds
14. Sexual Propagation n. Thick, compost soil that needs
little watering because it holds water
for a long time
15. Asexual Propagation o. Grows in hot, humid rain forests
of Southeast Asia, its fruits takes
three months to develop and ripen.

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A What I can do?

Learning Task 7: Answer the following questions. Write your answer on the
space provided.
1. Why is it important to conduct a survey and determine the appropriate
trees for orchard gardening based on location, climate, type of soil, and
market demands?

2. According to the survey you conducted, what is the most appropriate fruit
tree for orchard gardening in your area? Explain your findings.

Page | 42
Page | 43
I What I need to know?
In planting and propagating fruit-bearing trees, it is important to know the
scientific processes in propagating trees. Being said, we also need to know
what are the tools that we need in planting these trees.
In this module, we are going to learn what are the tools needed in planting
and propagating fruit bearing trees and what are the safety measures in
doing so.

Learning Task 1: Which among the pictures are used in plant

propagation? Encircle the picture of the correct answer.

Page | 44
D What I know?
Tools and Equipment Used in Plant Propagation
Orchard tools and equipment play a very important role in systematic
process of plant propagation. Their availability makes the work easier and
help in proper execution of different procedures.
Here are some of the common orchard tools used for plant propagation:
• Pruning Shears – is used for cutting small branches including the
unnecessary branches.

• Knife – is used for cutting and slicing planting materials.

• Sprinklers – used to water seedlings and young plants.

• Garden Scissors – used for cutting grass and shaping the plant or
shrub.

Page | 45
 Additional tools and equipment in plant propagation: wooden
matches/stakes for marcotting or air layering; tape used keep wrapper in
placed; rooting hormone used to promote growth; and pots for young
newly-rooted plants.

Stakes Gardening Tape Pots

Health and Safety Measures

1. Before working, make sure you take a bath in order to work

well.

2. Always wear complete personal protective equipment which

includes hair net, hand gloves, apron, boots if needed, protective
eye glass, and face mask.

3. Make sure tools and equipment are working properly

before using them.

4. Always follow instructions for the use of equipment.

5. Focus on the work at hand. Do not allow yourself to get

distracted.

Page | 46
6. Know your limits in working; seek help whenever
necessary.

7. Work in proper position. Make sure you do not strain your

back while working.

Learning Task 2: Match the following pictures to its proper use. Write
the letter of your answer on the space provided before the number.

1. a. is used for cutting and

slicing planting materials.

2. b. used to water seedlings and

young plants.

3. c. used for cutting small

branches including the
unnecessary branches.

4. d. used for cutting grass and

shaping the plant or shrub.

Page | 47
Learning Task 3: What is the importance of health and safety measures in
planting and propagating trees? Draw and write 3 reasons why we should
obey this safety measures

Learning Task 4: Tools are important in our works. It helps us to

accomplish our task in no time and with efficiency. Besides to the tools
listed above, what could be the other tools that you know that can help you
when it comes to planting and propagating trees? Explain.

Rubrics:
Content – 3 points
Relevance – 1 point
Clarity – 1 point

Page | 48
 E What is more?
Learning Task 5: Demonstrate the different health and safety measures in
propagating trees. Provide a picture in each safety measures.

(Paste picture here) (Paste picture here) (Paste picture here)

1. Before working, make sure you 2. Always wear complete personal 3. Make sure tools and equipment
take a bath in order to work well. protective equipment are working properly before using

(Paste picture here) (Paste picture here) (Paste picture here)

4. Always follow instructions for the 5. Focus on the work at hand. Do not allow 6. Know your limits in working; seek
use of equipment yourself to get distracted. help whenever necessary

(Paste picture here)

7. Work in proper position. Make sure you

do not strain your back while working.

Page | 49
 A What I have learned?
Learning Task 6: Write TRUE if the statement shows the correct idea and
FALSE if it is not. Write your answer on the space provided before the number.
1. We can work best in the garden if we did not take a bath.
2. Wearing a complete PPE or Personal Protective Equipment is needed
when we are working in plant propagation.
3. Make sure tools and equipment are working properly before using
them.
4. When we want to cut small branches including the unnecessary
branches, sprinklers is the best choice.
5. Garden scissor is used in cutting grasses and shaping a plant or
shrub.
6. When we are working, it is important that should keep ourselves
focused and avoid being distracted.
7. Know your limits when working; we can ask assistance if needed.
8. When working, it is not important that we work in proper position.
9. Always follow instructions for the use of equipment.
10. Knife is used for cutting and slicing planting materials.

Page | 50
A What I can do?

Learning Task 7: Throughout this module, we learned that the different

tools that we use in plant propagation. Also, we learned that even in
planting, we should follow health practices for us to be safe. Before we end
the module, write what you have learned in this module
I leaned that

Page | 51
Page | 52
 I What I need to know?
Orchard Gardening is not an easy task. There is a lot of work involved
and many processes that must be learned and strictly followed. Moreover,
not all orchards are not the same. Different methods apply to different
orchards. What works well for one may not work for others. That is why it
is important to conduct a research and to find out what works best in
your own location and the type of climate and soil that you have before
choosing orchard gardening.
Experience in backyard gardening can be of help to someone who is
thinking of starting an orchard gardening project, especially since one will
be investing money and other resources. The proper methods of caring for
orchard trees and seedlings can help maximize yield and ensure
profitability.
This lesson will present systematic and scientific ways of caring for
orchard trees and seedlings.

Learning Task 1: Answer the question below by checking the box of the
picture you have selected and explain the reason why.

Which of the tools

presented is more effective
in watering an orchard
garden?

EXPLANATION:

Page | 53
D What I know?
Systematic Ways of Caring for Orchards
Ways of Watering Plants
In orchard gardening, one needs to consider that seedlings require extra
care particularly when it comes to watering. Water is essential for plant
growth and survival. Plants can adapt to any environmental factors but
without water it will die. However, too much water can also be harmful.
Plants grow healthy when properly watered.
Proper ways of watering plants
1. Natural – This is nature’s way of providing water for plants through the
rain.
2. Manual – This is with the used of water pail and dipper or water
sprinkler.
3. Artificial – Water supply is artificially produced from deepwell, dumps,
and river with the use of water motors.
• Surface or furrow irrigation – Here, water is
distributed to each row so it is applicable only for row
crops with uniform slope.

• Sprinkler irrigation – This include the line, rotating,

and micro sprinklers in which artificial rain is
generated through special devices that wet the entire
field.

• Drip or trickle irrigation – A special water source

designed to discharge water close to the plant, wetting
only that area and leaving the rest dry

• Sub-irrigation – this type of irrigation is very

expensive because the water source is under the
ground.

Page | 54
 Proper irrigation is very important for each orchard may it be small or
large scale. It has to be done properly for the seedlings to grow healthy and
the trees to start bearing fruits.

Proper Ways of Cultivation

Cultivating the land is practiced to help promote the growth of roots and
improve aeration for fast absorption of nutrients by the soil.
There are two ways:
• Off-baring – cultivating the soil in rows.
• Hilling-up – cultivating the soil towards the base of the plant.
When cultivation is undertaken properly, the growth of weeds can be
controlled. Soil texture will improve plant’s growth and destructive
microorganisms found in the soil will eventually die.
Preparing and Applying Organic Fertilizer
Fertilizers is any substance added to the soil that promotes the healthy
growth of the plants.
Fertilizers are classified into two types:
• Inorganic – artificial fertilizer made from chemicals (liquid, soluble
and granular form).
• Organic – natural fertilizer from decayed matter, animals and other
natural resources.
Fertilizer Advantages Disadvantages
• Odorless and handy • Made of chemicals
• Always available in • Hazardous to
the market animals
Inorganic • Fast production • Expensive
• Makes the soil
unfertile (dependent
to it)
• Natural
• Easy to produce
• Promote the growth • Foul Odor
of beneficial • It takes time to
organism prepare

Page | 55
Organic • Adds more nutrients
to the soil
• Very high in
production
Examples of Organic Fertilizer
1. Humus – comes from decayed matters from plants and animals mixed
with soil.
2. Manure – comes from animal waste such as livestock (big animals) and
poultry (chicken) waste.
3. Green manure – comes from decayed plants.
4. Compost – comes from decomposed biodegradable waste in a pit.
5. Compost Pit – composting by digging pit keeping compost underground.
6. Basket Compost – composting home garbage in container
7. Compost heap – a compost pile
8. Vermi compost – comes from the waste of vermi (earthworm).
9. Liquid Fertilizer – made from the juice of plats and vermi compost
through the process of concoction (allows the juice to decompose with red
sugar/molasses in a container).
Preparing organic fertilizers takes a long period of time but provide a lot of
help to the plants to grow healthy. Following are some of the benefits:
• It increases the yield.
• It improves soil condition. Clay soil will turn porous when organic
fertilizer is added.
• It balances the soil pH. Soil pH is the degree of acidity and alkalinity
of the soil. Pulverized eggshell, oyster shell, bone meal, and any lime
will neutralize the acidity of the soil.
• It helps the development of the roots, flowers, shoots and fruits

Page | 56
Learning Task 2: Identify the following pictures as to what kind of organic
fertilizer is being shown by the picture. Write your answer on the space
provided.

HUMUS MANURE GREEN MANURE COMPOST VERMI COMPOST

1. 2.

3. 4.

5.

Learning Task 3: Demonstrate a simple Simple or Furrow Irrigation in

your backyard. Paste a picture/s of your work as evidence of completion of
the task.

Page | 57
Learning Task 4: If you are going to choose between organic and inorganic
fertilizer, which do you think is better? Why? Explain your answer.

4 3 2 1
Content
Clarity
Ideas
Relevance

Page | 58
E What is more?
Learning Task 5: With the guidance of your parents or guardian, do the
activity. Make sure to follow safety measures. Paste pictures as proof of your
activity
Preparing Organic Liquid Fertilizer
(Fermented Fruit Juice or Fermented Plant Juice)
Materials:
Chopped fruits or plants Container
preferably kangkog Manila Paper

Red Sugar/ Molasses Masking Tape

Procedure:
1. Mix sugar, chopped fruits, and vegetables in a container.
2. Squeeze the mixture until all ingredients looks watery.
3. Cover the container using manila paper and masking tape.
4. Put date of process; wait for ten days to harvest the fertilizer.
5. During harvest, filter the mixture. Get the juice.

Page | 59
 A What I have learned?
Learning Task 6:
A. True or False: Write TRUE if the statement shows the correct idea and
FALSE if it is not. Write your answer on the space provided before the number.
1. Seedlings do not need care because they will grow better when left
alone.
2. Cultivating the land is necessary to help promote the growth of roots
and absorption of nutrients.
3. Any substance can be added to the soil to promote the healthy
growth of plants.
4. Organic fertilizers take too longs to prepare but these are effective for
the growth of healthy plants.
5. Using organic pesticides is more advisable because they are not
harmful to humans and other animals

B. Matching Type: Match column A to Column B

A B
1. comes from decayed plants a. Basket compost
2.compost heap b. Vermi Compost
3. composting home garbage in container c. a compost pile
4. comes from waste of vermi d. Green Manure

Page | 60
A What I can do?
Learning Task 7: Complete the concept map below to show the importance
of using fertilizers to plants.

Importance
of
Fertilizers

Page | 61
Page | 62
I What I need to know?
Orchard Gardening does not end in planting, growing, and harvesting the
fruits. It also includes marketing your products which is the fruit that was
harvested in your orchard farm. Marketing is also the most challenging
activity in orchard gardening. You have to ensure that your product is
marketable for you to be successful.
This lesson will present the characteristics, strategies and plan for future
expansion of your orchard farm.

Learning Task 1: Which between the pictures would likely be sold in the
market? Why? Explain your answer.

Picture A Picture B

EXPLANATION:

Page | 63
D What I know?
Marketing Your Products
Marketing is one of the most challenging activities in orchard gardening.
One of the first steps in this undertaking is to make sure your products are
marketable. To do this, you need to come up with specific standards for
inspecting and ensuring quality control.
Characteristics of Marketable Seedlings
• The stem is strong, thick, and healthy
• It has five or more leaves
• It has established healthy roots

Marketing Strategy
Once your products have undergone quality control inspection and are
deemed marketable, you may start promoting them. Below are some ways
one can promote and market a product:
1. Conduct a survey to find the needs of the community. What fruits are in
demand?
2. Prepare and distribute pamphlets, flyers and brochures – containing
information about the location and the picture of the products.
3. Use online marketing tools
4. Post contact numbers for clients who want to order or inquire about the
product.
5. Keeping a Record of Sales.
Record of Sales
One of the most important parts of any marketing program is to create
and maintain a system of tracking production and sales. Below is a simple
table you can use to keep a record of trees and seedlings for sale. Make
sure to keep it updated.

Page | 64
Marketable Amount Volume Date of Purchase
Seedlings

Example:
Mango

Plan for Future Expansion

Every business should have a future plan for expansion. A successful
orchard is important to the community and environment. It benefits stand
as evidence that expansion is necessary.
Tips for future expansion:
1. Community survey and symposium to find the needs of the locality.
2. Build relationship with stakeholders of the community, the local
government unit, schools and private sectors that run related business.
3. Real market status understands the demand- What is the fruit rate of
sales?
4. Open for investment and franchising.
5. Availability of experienced/skilled orchard technician.

Page | 65
 Learning Task 2: Study the given pictures below and tell which one is
should be sold in the market. Write MARKETABLE if the shown picture
is appropriate to be sold in the market and write UNMARKETABLE if it is
not.

1. 6. _

2. 7.

3. 8.

4. 9.

5. 10.

Learning Task 3: Marketing strategy is important in selling your products.

One of the steps in marketing your product is through letting the people
know your product through pamphlets, brochures etc. Create a simple
pamphlet of your chosen product.
Example: My Pamphlet:

Page | 66
 4 3 2 1

Content

Creativity

Clarity

Relevance

Originality

Learning Task 4: Marketing is the most difficult part in orchard gardening.

Not only you should ensure your product is marketable but you need to
ensure that your product will be sold in the market. Which do you think is
better when it comes to marketing your product, selling it to a retailer or
making your own market? Explain
_

4 3 2 1

Content

Clarity

Relevance

Page | 67
E What is more?
Learning Task 5: In marketing, it is important that we know the status of
demand of different agricultural products in the market such as fruits and
vegetable. With the guidance of your parents or guardians, know the demand
of each agricultural product in the market and its current prices.
Agricultural Very In- Average Cannot be Price
Product demand sold easily
Example: ✔ P 50.00 per
kilo
Malunggay

1. Apple
2. Orange
3. Squash
4. Carrot
5. Mango
6. Tomato
7. Calamansi
8. Banana
9. Papaya
10. Okra

Page | 68
 A What I have learned?
Learning Task 6:
A. True or False: Write TRUE if the statement shows the correct idea and
FALSE if it is not. Write your answer on the space provided before the number.
1. Marketing is the easiest part of orchard gardening
2. In marketing your products, you have to make sure that your products are
marketable.
3. You have to consider the demand of the products when it comes to selling
your products.
4. In selling your product, you can sell your product in a very high price.
5. Planning for future expansion is necessary to keep your business growing.

B. Essay: Answer the question below.

1. What are some of the challenges one encounters in marketing orchard
products?

Page | 69
 A What I can do?

Learning Task 7: In this module, we learned that orchard gardening does

not end in growing and harvesting what we planted but also turn these
harvested goods into products that can be sold in the market. To end this
module, write your insights and ideas about what you learned and how can
you use this learning in the future.

4 3 2 1

Content

Clarity

Relevance

Page | 70
Page | 71
I What I need to know?
Many Filipino families choose to raise animals as a source of income. To
the right people, it can prove financially rewarding if done the right way.
The animal/fish farming industry can lead to different entrepreneurial
endeavors ranging from the sale of live animals and fish to the production
of by-products including meat.
A person’s decision to go into the animal raising business can be affected
by a wide variety of factors including but not limited to the following:
personal interest; family background; educational background;
environment; and available resources.
This lesson will discuss the need to conduct a survey in one’s locality
and the important information one needs to find out before embarking on
the animal raising business. It will also walk the students through the
process of choosing the kind of animal to raise, care tips, feed types and
other important information one needs to know during the planning stage
of the project.

Learning Task 1: Which between the pictures shown best suited for
animal and fish raising? Why? Explain your answer.
Picture A Picture B

EXPLANATION:

Page | 72
D What I know?
Conducting a survey
Once you have decided what kind of farming you want to do, it is best to
scout the area where you are situated. When you conduct your own survey,
take your time and get as much information before you finally begin
farming.
Whether it is small scale (backyard) farming or large-scale farming that
you have in mind, it is best to take initial steps.
• Know your area
Find out if there are other farms of the same kind in your area. How
many? Will there be competition between you and the other farms in
your area?
• Know the local animal and fish industry
a. What other animals and fishes are raised in other farms? Will it
have any kind of effect on your farm?
b. Where will you be getting your farm supplies? Know the office of the
provincial veterinarian or the local office of the Bureau of Animal
Industry (BAI).
• Know the people in the community
There are certain rules on zoning. Make sure you have been cleared to
put up a farm or raise documentations should be secured prior to
operation since animal farms are prohibited to operate in or near
residential areas.
• Know your market
Know the local market and middlemen. Get in touch with direct
buyers, consumers, and retailers in your area.
• Learn from others
Some say that experience is the best teacher. Learn from other people’s
previous experiences. Think of ways to do business deals better.

Page | 73
Kinds of Four-legged animals and Fish used in Farming
RAISING SWINE/HOG RAISING
Hog meat is one of the popular meats in the market. Filipinos are heavy
consumers of this protein-rich food.
The following are the standard breeds of swine commonly raised today:
a. Hampshire – The pig looks smaller than other
breeds. The ears are erect, tail is usually black, and
legs are short.
b. Duroc – This breed comes from
New Jersey. It has a dark red and golden yellow color. It is
also a good producer of milk and has good mothering
characteristics.

c. Yorkshire-This breed is commonly raised in

Canada. It has large ears with white and black spots.
This breed is a good source of meat for making bacon.

d. Landrace – This breed comes from Denmark. It has

white hair and skin. Its ears are larger in size and
covers much of its face. Its meat is best for making
bacon, ham, and pork chop.

e. Hypor - This breed has well muscled back, well

developed ham, and has high carcass quality.It has
superior milking qualities.

f. Poland China- This breed is black in color with white

spots on its feet, tail, and face. It has thick meat.

g. Tamworth – This has a long narrow head, long

snout, and erect ears. The body is light and dark
red in color. Its meat is best for making bacon.

Page | 74
GOAT RAISING
Goats are easier to raise because they simply live on
grass and leaves of plants like ipil-ipil, kangkong,
camote, and tamarind. They are managed for the
production of milk, meat and wool. Among goats,
major health problems are internal and external parasites coccidiosis (in
kids before and after weaning) and pneumonia. A good health care program
includes vaccination for most diseases and is established between the
grower and veterinarian. In the Philippines, goat meat is relatively more
expensive than chicken, pork, or beef, Goat farming has a high potential for
profit. Goats, like cattle, may be caged in a pen or allowed to graze on a
large parcel of grassy land.

Fish farming
Fish farming is one of the biggest industries in the Philippines. As an
archipelago, surrounded by many bodies of water, the country is rich in
natural resources, making fish farming is suitable and viable source of
livelihood for many Filipinos.

Different Fishes used in Fish Farming

Tilapia
Tilapia is one of the most in demand fish in the
market today. Fish growers both locally and abroad
are focusing aquaculture efforts on Tilapia because
of the demand for it as well as its rapid growth and
productivity at harvest time.
Milkfish
Also referred to as the national fish of the
Philippines, milkfish or bangus is very popular for its
milky taste. Like the tilapia, milkfish requires no
special kind of feed, for its diet. Milkfish can be
harvested after seven to ten months of feeding.

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Catfish
Catfish resembles cat’s whiskers. This fish has become a
staple food for many Filipinos especially in the tagalog
region. Catfish can be harvested between four to six months
of feeding.
Hazards of Animal Raising
1. Pollution – animal waste that is not properly disposed can produce an
unpleasant smell, it can also attract flies and insects which can be carriers
of disease- causing bacteria.
2. Infection and Diseases – flies and insect carrying disease- causing
bacteria can settle on food and belongings of the family member and can
cause various types of diseases
3. Fly and insect infestations – if not controlled, flies and other insects
can multiply fast which can cause community disturbance, stress and
diseases.

How to prevent Hazards brought by Raising Animals

1. Put up septic tanks for proper disposal of animal waste.
2.Establish housing of animals far from houses and neighborhood.
3. Clean and disinfect the animal houses regularly.
4. Bathe animals regularly
5. Consult a veterinarian regularly to ensure the health condition of every
animal. Immunizations against some diseases are a must.
6. Animals that die of a disease must be buried properly and immediately
to prevent the spread of possible infection and diseases.

Page | 76
 Learning Task 2: Match the name of the animal on their corresponding
picture. Draw a line from column A to column B.
Column A Column B

1. Poland China a.

2. Goat b.

3. Catfish c.

4. Tamworth d.

5. Tilapia e.

Learning Task 3: Illustrate the three (3) hazards brought by raising

animals.

Rubrics:

4 3 2 1

Creativity

Color

Content

Page | 77
 Learning Task 4: Having an animal/fish farm may brought risk to the
owner specially when it comes to personal health. As an owner of a
animal/fish farm, what can you do to ensure your personal health when
raising an animal/fish farm? Explain your answer.

Rubrics:
4 3 2 1
Content
Clarity
Relevance

Page | 78
E What is more?
Learning Task 5: Surveying the location is necessary if you want to start
farm. In this activity, seek the help of your parents or guardian in asking 2
persons in the community who raises animals or fish farm. Use the
template below in your survey.

Survey Form

Name: Cattle: YES NO

Type of Farm: No of Heads:

Size of Area: Breed:

Animals Raised: Goats: YES NO

Swine: YES NO No. of Heads

No. of Heads: Breed:

Breed:

Fish Type:

Tilapia: YES NO Milkfish: YES NO

Carp: YES NO Catfish: YES NO

Survey Form

Name: Cattle: YES NO

Type of Farm: No of Heads:

Size of Area: Breed:

Animals Raised: Goats: YES NO

Swine: YES NO No. of Heads

No. of Heads: Breed:

Breed:

Fish Type:

Tilapia: YES NO Milkfish: YES NO

Carp: YES NO Catfish: YES NO

Page | 79
 A What I have learned?
Learning Task 6:
A. True or False
Directions: Identify what animal is being descripted in the sentence. Write
your answer on the space provided before the number.
1. It is also referred as the national fish of the Philippines.
2. They are named for their prominent barbels which resemble a cat’s
whiskers.
3. This pig looks smaller than the other breeds. The ears are erect,
tails are usually black, and legs are short.
4. This breed s commonly raised in Canada. It has large ears with
white and black spots.
5. This breed is black in color with white spots on its feet, tail, and
face. It has thick meat.

B. Essay
Directions: Answer the question below.
1. Can you say that if done properly, animal raising can be a big business,
what would it be and why?

Page | 80
A What I can do?

Learning Task 7: Complete the concept map below with the ideas you
learned about animal raising/fish farming.

Animal
Raising/
Fish
Farming

Page | 81
Page | 82
I What I need to know?
Starting an animal/ fish farm requires a lot of effort and time. Keeping
your animals always healthy and making sure that their habitats are
clean are most essential in farming. This will ensure the quality and
marketability of your product.
In the previous lesson, you have learned what is animal raising and fish
farming. This also includes the different animals used in animal/fish
farming and their different kinds of breeds.
This lesson will talk about how to start an animal/fish farm, how to
manage your work and the farm itself.

Learning Task 1: Animal raising and fish farming has many benefits for
the farmer. Which of the following statements shows the benefits that
can be derived from animal/fish farming. Put a ✔ if the statement
shows benefits and x if it is not.
It is a good source of high protein food.
It destroys the environment due to waste disposal
It gives farmers additional source of income
Animal raising and fish farming requires lot of resources to start.
It can also help the farmers by providing food for personal
consumption

Page | 83
 D What I know?
Stories of Successful Entrepreneurs in Animal Raising and Fish Farming
1. OSCAR GARIN
Aside from being a public servant, Philippine Coconut Administrator Oscar
Garin is a successful entrepreneur.
“Enough to feed myself”
When Garin was in his elementary years, he started a store and sold candies to
his fellow children in Guimabal, Iloilo. When he was in Grade 4, he tended
three cattle. Having calculated his earnings, he asked his mother to allow him
to stop schooling. He explained that what he earns from tending cattle will be
enough to feed himself with noodles all year round.
His Passion
Garin pursued a degree in civil engineering. However, in the early 1980’s, he
went back to his original passion. He stated raising sows in his backyard. His
small piggery eventually became a commercial hog farm with 500 sows and
named it Octagon Farm Product and Supply.
When the farm started to become profitable, Garin added other livestock like
goats, cattle and sheep. He also ventured into poultry production with turkeys,
ducks and game fowls. His farm became a major supplier of high quality
breeders for hog farmers and backyard growers in Southern Iloilo. Some 30% of
the pork his farm produces is sold in the province and the remaining 70% are
transported to Metro Manila markets.

2. ROBERT PETINES
- he is from Cagayan Valley
- In 1988, he was given a prestigious award as NATIONAL GAWAD SAKA
AWARDEE as recognition for his effort.
- The fish industry also gave him the FISH FOR EVERY FILIPINO AWARD for
his great contribution to the industry.
- The BUREAU OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC RESOURCES (BFAR)
supported him when he adopted the “SEX-REVRSED TILAPIA PRODUCTION”

Page | 84
 and because of this, he is now considered as the most successful tilapia
raiser in his region.

Starting the Animal Raising and Fish Farming Project

Starting to operate a farm, like any other business endeavor, requires
research, critical thinking, educational background or technical know-how,
and sufficient funding.
At this point, you probably have decided what animal you would like to
raise on your farm. Having made that decision, it is time to learn to prepare a
work schedule.
Draft your action plan using bullet points of what you are willing to do to get
your goal.
Set a concrete attainable goal.
Determine how you plan to attain that goal you set.
What makes you different from other farms/farmers doing the same thing.
(Performance anatomy)
Do you have a marketing plan? What is it?
Do a strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats (SWOT) analysis
What are your strengths?
What do you think is your weaknesses?
Are there opportunities you should look into?
What potential threats should you be aware of?
Prepare your SWOT analysis table following the sample below.
STRENGHTS WEAKNESSES OPPORTUNITIES THREATS

The SWOT analysis will show you where you are at present, where you plan to
be in the future, and how your goals can be achieved by making use of the
resources available to you. The SWOT analysis may also help you use external

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forces you have no control of to your advantage. The following points out the
schedule of work when you put up a farm.
1. Development of a Business Plan
Plan your business so you have a guide to follow and a benchmark that
determines whether you have achieved your goal or not. This includes setting
the objectives that you want to attain. Moreover, as with all businesses, there
are obligations that you need to look into like the processing of your business
registration requirements to keep everything within the boundaries of the law.
The following are the required permits when putting up a business farm.

a. Business Name Registration

- This permit is secured from the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI).
b. Barangay Clearance
- You need to secure the necessary permit to operate form the barangay
where your farm will be put up.
c. Mayor’s Permit and License/Sanitary Permit
- The local government, which has jurisdiction over the area where the
business is located issues business licenses or license to operate to
establishments.
d. Tax Identification Number (TIN)
- This serves as the business tax ID. All establishments are required to give
back to society through the government in the form of tax.
e. Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC)
- This document is issued by the department of Environment and natural
Resources (DENR) after inspection of the facilities that you have built on
your farm.
2. Planning for operations
This is an outline of the day to day operations of your farm. What gets done,
how it is done, when it is done, who does it (production cycle).
3. Development of the marketing plan
This answers the question: What do you do to your products once these
become available?

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4. Establishing your financial plan
This includes budget allotment vs. expenses, debt, labor, and miscellaneous
expenses of the farm.
5. Execution of the business plan
At this point, you as a farm operator are able to translate all your actions to
income generation and experience gain.

6. Monitoring
It is important to keep records to assess whether your farm business yields
income or not.
7. Research and development
It is best to keep learning and take in new ideas and practices that can help
improve your daily operations. The internet is a good source of free
information.

Learning Task 2: In this activity, decide with between animal farm or fish farm
you are going to start and what animals you are going to raise inside your
farm. Draw the farm that you have decided and the animals you want to raise.
Farm that I want to start:

Animals I want to raise in my farm: , ,

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 Learning Task 3: Based on the type of farm you are going to start, its
location (your community) and the type of community you have, conduct a
SWOT analysis of your planned farm
Type of Farm: Animal Farm Fish Farm
Location: Rural Urban
Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats
Ex: Large Land Near the Possible Accessibility to
Area households expansion of water
farm

Learning Task 4: Based on the location where we live (Dasmarinas), which

farm business do you think has more potential to grow and prosper?
Animal or Fish Farm? Why? Explain your answer

Rubrics:
4 3 2 1

Content

Clarity

Relevance

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E What is more?
Learning Task 5: In starting the business farm, careful planning is
necessary. In this activity, plan the different areas of your farm starting
from the structure of the farm to how your farm will function. Use the
guide below.
Name of Business Farm:
Operation Schedule:
MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY

Projected products of the farm:

Financial Plan:
- Capital (Money you need to start the farm):

- Projected expenses of the farm:

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 A What I have learned?
Learning Task 6:
A. True or False
Directions: Study the given statements below. Write TRUE if the statement
shows correct idea in starting a farm business and FALSE if it is not.
1. Planning is important in starting a farm business.
2. You can start any farm business without considering your
location.
3. The SWOT analysis will help you assess your farm and guide you in
planning for the future of your business.
4. It is best to keep learning and take in new ideas and practices
that can help improve your daily operations.
5. Avoiding getting TIN will help you get bigger profit.

B. Essay
Directions: Answer the question below.
1. Why is it important that we carefully plan and assess before starting a farm
business?

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 A What I can do?

Learning Task 7: Based on what you learned in this module, how can
someone become successful in a farm business? What do you think are
things they need to remember when starting a farm business? Explain your
answer.

4 3 2 1

Content

Clarity

Relevance

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 Reference
• IDEA PARADIGM
• MELC
• EPP Curriculum Guide
• Life Skills Through TLE 6

Additional References:

Blog Spot (http://dae-executives.blogspot.com/2011/08/filipino-entrepreneurs.html)

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