RESEARCH PROFECT CHAPTER 1 5 Kyens Group

Philippine Women’s University – CDCEC Bataan
3F MLW Bldg., Sampaguita St., San Jose, Balanga City, Bataan

Senior High School Department
FACTORS AFFECTING STUDENT’S PURCHASING GADGETS FOR E-LEARNING
AMIDST COVID-19 LOCKDOWN IN PHILIPPINE WOMEN’S UNIVERSITY-CDCEC
BATAAN.
A research presented to the
Philippine Women’s University CDCEC-BATAAN
City of Balanga
In partial fulfilment of the course requirement in
Research Project
Samantha Rave G. Laluz
Zelin Aezel L. Mendoza
Allyssa Mae F. Fajutag
Kyen C. Lumbao
July S. Silva
Accountancy, Business and Management

October 2020
Chapter I
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction
The pandemic of COVID-19 compelled students to close up and send home to school
districts and universities. This fact has prompted students and faculty to take a crash course for
online research plans and technology. Provision and use of the e-learning system is becoming the
major challenge in the course of the COVID-19 pandemic for many universities. E-Learning
Framework like Blackboard has a variety of fantastic features which could be used during this
pandemic of COVID-19. The critical challenges and factors that shape the success of e-learning
during the COVID-19 pandemic are not accepted. Therefore, a clear gap in knowledge about the
critical problems and factors of e-Learning during the pandemic was identified. As a recent
article in the Washington Post noted, the move to electronic learning caused by school closures
"exposed the situation".1
Students are now in a state of emergency and need to respond to new and open ways of learning,
such as e-learning systems and applications for mobile learning. However, COVID-19 is
reviving the need to explore possibilities for teaching and learning online. As well as learning
management systems such as Instructure 's Canvas, Blackboard and Google Classroom, video
1
https://bmcmededuc.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12909-020-02312-0
conference platforms such as Zoom and WebEx are commonly used. While the closure of
schools has a silver lining (home-learning initiatives where students can still learn), students in
less fortunate circumstances and students in schools that are not well-funded are the real
sufferers of the government order of school closings. This is because the computers and internet
connections for these students to enroll in online classes are lacking. The country's most
comprehensive primary and secondary education report reveals a broad-based family income
digital divide. The data provided by NCEP shows that full access to online education is not
universal, and that students who are poor will not be able to access the key tools and experiences
they need to go online to school. Education statistics show that students who are underprivileged
are less likely to have access.
The use of a learning management system (LMS) is one solution to e-learning, according
to Ülker and Yılmaz (2016). Therefore, within a framework, e-learning refers to delivering,
arranging and conducting e-learning tasks, such as student enrolment, tests, assignments, lesson
plans, basic course materials.2
A study by Kisanga and Ireson (Mulhanga and Lima 2017) found that weak design of
interfaces, insufficient technological support and lack of IT skills are the key obstacles to the
successful implementation of current e-learning projects.3
E-learning platforms can assist providers of learning to organize, schedule, deliver and
monitor the process of learning and teaching. In addition, it aims to help teachers, schools and
universities promote student learning during university and school closure times. The results of
2
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/301758157_Learning_Management_Systems_and_Comparison_of_Op
en_Source_Learning_Management_Systems_and_Proprietary_Learning_Management_Systems
3
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7243735/
this study provide valuable suggestions for policymakers, designers, developers and researchers
to better understand the main aspects of the use of the e-learning framework effectively during
COVID-19
Statement of the Problem
The statement of the problem is to find out the factors that affect the purchasing of e-learning
devices by students in the midst of the Covid-19 lockdown at the Philippine Women's University
of Bataan?
Specifically, it sought answer of the following:
1. How many students cannot purchase gadgets for e-learning?
1.1. Laptop
1.2. Cellphone
1.3. Tablet
1.4. Desktop
2. What factors affect the students in purchasing gadgets?
2.1. Loss of Parent’s Job
2.2. Price of Gadgets
2.3. Lockdown
3. How many students received government support for opening of classes during a pandemic?
3.1. Modular
3.2. Online Class

3.3. Scholarship
Significance of the Study
The result of this study will hopefully give better insights to:
Students- This study will help the students to develop their interest and appreciate the
importance towards purchasing gadgets for e learning, because of this study they will be able to
see the effects, and advantage of purchasing gadgets. Teacher will assist students in participating
guidance and inspiring them in their new daily classes. Teachers can find ways to assist students,
and one aspect is offering modules rather than participating in an online class.
Teachers- This study will be beneficial to the teachers on how to come up with and help
the students in purchasing gadgets for e learning amidst pandemic, the teacher will conduct the
students on what to do with that. They would be able to understand why some students need to
know the influence on purchasing gadgets.
Parents- This study will be beneficial to the parents as they will understand the
importance of having a gadget for e-learning and will come up with possible ways to overcome
these hindrances.
The Department of Education (DepEd)- This study will be beneficial to the DepEd as
they will be mindful and conscious on re-opening of classes, there are potential ways to continue
classes such as online classes, but not all students are fortunate to have one. This study would
make them know that we're not all in the same boat in the midst of Covid-19 Pandemic.
Future Researchers- This research will help potential researchers to come up with an
idea for this thesis. It would be easier for them to use the other analysis that students used for this
study, and this study will give them an idea of factors affecting the student's purchasing gadgets
for e-learning in the midst of the Covid-19 Pandemic.
Objective of the Study
The Objective of the Study is to determine the factors affecting the Students purchasing
gadgets for e-learning amidst Covid-19 Pandemic in Philippine Women’s University-CDCEC
Bataan.
Scope and Delimitation of the study
The study employed the descriptive correlation method of research that focused on
determining factors affecting Students purchasing gadgets for e-learning amidst Covid-19
lockdown. The setting is also limited only to all students in Philippine Women's University
CDEC Bataan.
This study was conducted to determine the status of every student and aims to add new
contribution to the existing literature on investigation of the main challenges and factors
affecting e-learning successful adoption in new context. Fifty Senior High School students are
the target of this study. The researchers gathered data by doing online surveys. It is safer for the
researchers to conduct an online survey within their school community. The researchers choose
to interview the senior high school students in PWU-CDCEC Bataan following the rules and
regulations of the community.

Definition of Terms
The following are used in the study and are defined conceptually and/or operationally.
COVID-19- A pandemic that caused financial hardships for some of our students.
Gadgets- An often small mechanical or electronic device with a practical use often thought of as
a novelty.
Mobile learning (m-learning)- is education via the Internet or network using personal mobile
devices, such as tablets and smartphones to obtain learning materials through mobile apps, social
interactions and online educational hubs.
Homeschooling- Outside the school setting and typically about self-study, learning.
Family income- Primary barriers that hinder the successful implementation of existing e-
learning projects.
Digital divide - is a term that refers to the gap between demographics and regions that have
access to modern information and communications technology, and those that don't or have
restricted access. This technology can include the telephone, television, personal computers and
the Internet.
E - Learning systems - An Electronic Learning System is an educational platform that takes
place over the Internet. Due to its convenience and flexibility, learning through an Electronic
Learning Management System (LMS features) results in effective learning experiences.
Online Learning - is education that takes place over the Internet. It is often referred to as “e-
learning” among other terms. However, online learning is just one type of “distance learning”
-the umbrella term for any learning that takes place across distance and not in a traditional
classroom.
Students- The participant of this research and the one who’s affecting in purchasing gadgets for
e-learning.
Lockdown- The confinement of prisoners to their cells for all or most of the day as a temporary
security measure.
CHAPTER II
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
This chapter provides an overview of previous research knowledge and presents the
related literature and studies. This would also present the relevant theories to fully understand the
focus of the study and lastly, the definition of terms for better comprehension of the study. Those
that are included in this chapter helped in familiarizing information that are relevant to the
present study.
Relevant Theories
According to Garcia (2017) stated that people, especially students, are not ready for a
technological change in the academe. Thus, in his study, he proposed a conceptual model using a
Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), which described different factors that may affect the
behavior of both students who were engaged in the perceived new educational setting. It
generally proposed that different factors should be considered for a successful education.
Suggests that it should focus on multimedia instruction, quality of work, system interactivity,
should look into internet connectivity, ease of use, usefulness, and social media influence. This
study the E-learning process among students who are familiar with web-based technology. It also
helps to find out solutions to improve the self-study skills of students. E-learning has become the
mandatory component of all educational institutions like schools, colleges, and universities in
and around the world due to the pandemic crisis of COVID-19.4
According to Poushter (2016), This backdrop provides a scope for an in-depth research
into the students' experience and perspective on the access and utility of electronic sources for
academic research and learning. Thus, it is pertinent to research into how these students find
ways to make use of the internet to facilitate their academic research and learning. This also calls
for exploring the challenges facing the students in this region as it relates to internet usage for
academic research and learning. It is believed that the outcomes of this current study will
contribute to enhancing the empirical research results that are beneficial for informing teaching
and learning practice in higher education. This will also provide an understanding of the
application and appreciation of internet resources by students residing in this overlooked region.5
4
https://manuelgarcia.info/media/full_paper/elearning-philippines.pdf
5
https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2015/03/19/internet-seen-as-positive-influence-on-education-but-
negative-influence-on-morality-in-emerging-and-developing-nations/
Related Literature
According to Manuel B. Garcia (2017), In addition when combined, education and
technology can build dynamic teaching and learning experience, however there still a big chunk
of people especially students who are not ready to embrace technology in the field of education.
Which was caused by extended through inclusion of internet connectivity experience.6
According to Emeka and Nyeche (2016), Moreover reported that the employment of the
internet by the students at the University of Abuja, Nigeria enhanced the skill and capacity of
students. Though, lack of computer skills, slow internet server and the problem of paying for
online were found to be some of the problems encountered in purchasing gadgets for e-learning.7
According to Reimers and Schleicher (2020), Furthermore described the different
pedagogies, strategies and approaches that countries used to provide education. First, was the
Argentina course to the use of online resources and materials; second, was the use of remote and
online learning through Google Classroom and Microsoft Teams of Australia. While Belgium
and Israel were broadcasting using national televisions and had emphasized the purpose and
6
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/E-Learning-Technology-Adoption-in-the-Philippines%3A-Garc
%C3%ADa/37d38851b6d697a34a0210af8aed57f50f2b5ba3
7
https://www.ijser.org/researchpaper/Impact-of-Internet-Usage-on-the-Academic-Performance-of-
Undergraduates-Students--A-case-study-of-the-University-of-Abuja--Nigeria.pdf
importance of “homeschooling.” These countries have devoted educational budgets in creating
online pages, video tutorials, virtual meetings, and online learning to facilitate education.8
According to Muniandy (2016), Likewise commented that the adoption of the internet
would be meaningless in the educational settings without appropriate internet facilities. Also, the
family will have more expenses if they are going to buy a gadget and at the same time an internet
connection. Like in any other higher institution of learning around the globe, Nigerian university
undergraduate students are often required to conduct diverse research work as they progress
through their final year. The qualities of a student's research and learning are largely dependent
on the quality, quantity and current internet resources.9
According to American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees.
(n.d.). (2016). There may be parents among us who are battle-weary, having fought to tear our
children away from their hand phones, tablet and computers. It is always tempting to give in,
believing that our kids will have to learn to be tech-savvy sooner rather than later. Stay easy —
up to two hours a day is quite safe, but beware the following health problems that could arise
from too much screen time and poor tech habits, besides the risks of addiction. Bad posture,
backaches, neck and shoulder strain are all reasons why parents don't want to purchase a device
for their children. An uncomfortable seat, a set-up with poor ergonomics, sitting too long or
slouching lazily, these all contribute to the problem. Furthermore, students spend more time on
8
https://learningportal.iiep.unesco.org/en/library/a-framework-to-guide-an-education-response-to-the-covid-19-
pandemic-of-2020
9
http://academic-pub.org/ojs/index.php/IJCSE/article/view/916.
Facebook than they do learning. It attempts to get them to concentrate on social media instead of
listening to their teacher because they are bored.10
Related Studies
According to Bernardo Jaehwa (2020), there is a mother known as Daisy, she lost her
job as a canteen staffer because of pandemic. It was through Rose’s friend that Daisy found out
her daughter had left with an older man, who promised to give Rose a cellphone that she could
use for distance learning in the coming school year. As the threat of the coronavirus pandemic
remains, physical classes are still barred, and the government is shifting to alternative learning
modes, including internet-based learning. The kids wondered how they could study through
online schooling when I could not afford to buy them a cellphone. You could have stopped
schooling this year. What happened to Daisy’s daughter was just one of the cases of online
sexual exploitation of children being monitored by child rights group Salinlahi Alliance for
Children’s Concerns, some of which were deemed related to the shift to new modes of learning
due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Daisy wonders how she can enroll her children in online classes
when she can't afford to buy a device to use due to her poverty.11
According to Reuben et al. (2020), mentioned in their study that under-privileged
people and vulnerable people, especially the older adults, unemployed, illiterates, farmers, rural
and semi-urban residents, are more likely to have poor knowledge about the new normal or
online learning due to limited or no access to gadgets and the internet.12

10
https://www.afscme.org/news/publications/workplace-health-and-safety/the-keys-to-healthy-computing-a-
health-and-safety-handbook/chapter-1-health-problems-caused-by-computer-work.
11
https://news.abs-cbn.com/page-not-found?aspxerrorpath=/news/08/08/20/students-struggling-to-get-gadgets-
for-online-classes-fall-victim-to-abuse-sexual-exploitation.
12
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7338341/
A more recent study that examined the use of smartphones among college students in
Nigeria showed that 38.2 percent spent between 1 and 5 hours per day on their phones, 98
percent used their phones to communicate with family members and friends, about 75 percent
used their smartphones for social networking, and only 24 percent use their smartphones for
academic activities (According to Nwachukwu and Onyenankeya, 2017). This result suggests
that some students do not use mobile devices to facilitate their studies. This could be one factor
that is affecting the students in purchasing gadgets because they are depending on their parent’s
decisions. Parents are more conscious of where their kids will learn in online courses.13
According to Austria’s (2020), paper was conducted to look into the different factors of
the study. Since the study utilized an online survey, the study was only limited to the number of
participants; however, it could be increased in succeeding studies. The participants' identification
remained anonymous and were only used in gathering pertinent data of the study. Responses of
selected individuals from schools whose PCA was possibly equipped in responding to COVID-
19.14
According to Undersecretary Eliseo Rio Jr (2020). As a part of the “new normal” in
light of the coronavirus pandemic, the Department of Information and Communications
13
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322210927_Use_of_Smartphones_among_College_Students_in_Nigeri
a_Revelations_and_Reflections
14
https://authdocs.deped.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/BE-LCP-Annex-E-Ani-Almario-Helping-K-12-
Schools-Transition-to-Post-COVID.pdf
Technology is eyeing the use of internet cafes as “digital classrooms or workplaces” for students
and workers. During the House’s Defeat COVID-19 Committee (DCC) New Normal Cluster’s
online hearing, DICT Undersecretary Eliseo Rio Jr. said this would help address concerns of
those who do not have internet connection in their homes as the resumption of classes and work
approaches. If we will open classes in August, we have to put free Wifi hotspots in schools so
that only the teachers and a few students would go to school and can practice social distancing.
But the concern is, how about those who do not have internet connectivity in their homes? We
are also fast-tracking what we call digital classroom. In fact, we are repurposing a thousands of
internet cafes. They can be reconfigured to become digital classrooms and digital workplaces,”
he added. Rio said DICT can install fast and low-cost internet in these establishments. Instead of
taking a lot of time installing internet in homes, let us just connect the community—the digital
classrooms and digital workplace—so students and workers living nearby can just walk to the
repurposed Internet cafes.15
Conceptual Framework
Factors Affecting Purchasing E-

Student’s in
Learning Materials
Purchasing Gadgets
Amidst Covid-19 Cellphone
Desktop
Lockdown
Laptop
Lack of Parents Job
Price of Gadgets Modular
Lockdown Tablet
15
https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1276795/dict-internet-cafes-can-be-repurposed-as-digital-
Parents &
classrooms-workplaces Students
Hypothesis of the study

E-Learning Materials – there are no significant factors affecting student’s purchasing gadgets
for e-learning amidst covid-19 lockdown in Philippine Women’s University-CDCEC Bataan.
Which includes cellphone, desktop, laptop, modular and tablet have no effect on efficiency of e-
learning materials.
Notes in Chapter II
Garcia, M. B. (2017). E-Learning Technology Adoption in the Philippines: An
Investigation of Factors Affecting Filipino College Students' Acceptance of Learning
Management Systems. The International Journal of E-Learning and Educational
Technologies in the Digital Media (IJEETDM), 3(3), 118130
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1uB47AOX-GV34o2eq7WM0Z_RSuXrE-n4E/view.
Sathishkumar, V., Radha, R., Mahalakshmi, K. & Saravanakumar, A.R. (2020).
Projects: E-Learning during Lockdown of Covid-19 Pandemic. International Journal of
Control and Automation 13(4):1088-1099. Retrieved from

https://www.bing.com/search?form=MOZLBR&pc=MOZD&q=
Learning_during_Lockdown_of_Covid-19_Pandemic.
Poushter, J. (2016). Internet Seen as Positive Influence on Education but Negative
on Morality in Emerging and Developing Nations Pew Research Center, Washington, DC
(2015). Retrieved from https://pewrsr.ch/1B5jt1r.
Garcia, M.B. (2017). E-Learning Technology Adoption in the Philippines: An
Investigation of Factors Affecting Filipino College Students' Acceptance of Learning
Management Systems. The International Journal of E-Learning and Educational
Technologies in the Digital Media 3(3):118-130. Retrieved from
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323576195_E
Learning_Technology_Adoption_in_the_Philippines_An_Investigation_of_Factors_Affe.
cting_Filipino_College_Students'_Acceptance_of_Learning_Management_Systems.
Emeka, U.J and Nyeche, O.S. (2016) Impact of internet usage on the academic
performance of undergraduates' students: a case study of the university of Abuja, Nigeria.
Int. J. Sci. Eng. Res., 7 (10) (2016), pp. 1018-1029.Retrived from https://bit.ly/2L9aslU .
Reimers, F., & Schleicher, A. (2020). A framework to guide an education response
to the COVID-19 pandemic. OECD, 227268.https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543066003227.
Muniandy, B. (2016). Academic use of internet among undergraduate students: a
preliminary case study in a Malaysian university. Int. J. Cyber Soc. Educ., 3 (2) (2016), pp.
171-178 http://academic-pub.org/ojs/index.php/IJCSE/article/view/916.
American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees. (n.d.). Chapter 1: Health
Problems Caused by Computer Work [AFSCME].
Retrieved April 2016 from http://www.afscme.org/news/publications/workplace-health-and-
safety/the-keys-to-healthy-computing-a-health-and-safety-handbook/chapter-1-health-problems-
caused-by-computer-work.
Bernardo, J. (2020). Students struggling to get gadgets for online classes fall
victim to abuse, sexual exploitation. ABS-CBN News. Retrieved from https://news.abs-
cbn.com/news/08/08/20/students-struggling-to-get-gadgets-for-online-classes-fall-victim-
to-abuse-sexual-exploitation.
Reuben, R.C. (2020) Knowledge, attitudes and practices towards COVID-19: an
epidemiological survey in North-Central Nigeria J Community Health (2020),
10.1007/s10900-020-00881-1. Retrieved from
https://www.sciencedirect.com/?fbclid=IwAR10LUc88mEjBRxWFqr_qSG_P-
hpCKoiUuWqzz_4dmcZhjuonRtI3MKO4SA.
Nwachukwu, C. and Onyenankeya, K. (2017) Use of smartphones among college
students in Nigeria: revelations and reflections. J. Commun., 8 (2) (2017), pp. 171-182.
Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844018341227
Almario, A. R., & Austria, R. (2020). Helping K-12 schools’ transition to post-
COVID 19 times 042120.pdf - Google Drive. https://drive.google.com/file/d/1uB47AOX-
GV34o2eq7WM0Z_RSuXrE-n4E/view.
Mercado, N. A (2021). DICT: Internet cafes can be repurposed as digital classrooms, workplaces.
https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1276795/dict-internet-cafes-can-be-repurposed-as-digital-
classrooms-workplaces.
CHAPTER III
METHODS OF RESEARCH
This chapter presents the methods of research that were utilized in the collection, analysis, and
interpretation of the data related to the study. Specifically, it includes Observational data
obtained through observation of actions or action. Also, it includes the questionnaires and some
information about the researcher’s study and how the research will conduct their questions.
Methods and Techniques of the Study

The descriptive correlation method of research was employed to determine the selected
factors that affected the variables and the relationships that occur naturally between and among
them.
According to Shona Mccombes (2019), descriptive research aims to describe a population,
situation, or phenomenon accurately and systematically. This research design can use a wide
variety of research methods to investigate one or more variables.
Population and Sample of the Study
The population of the study included Grade 11 and 12 Senior High School students of
Philippine Women’s University. The Sample of the study consists of 60 students. Subjects who
met the sample criteria were identified by the researchers. The researchers use the quota
sampling for it involving subjects of a specified type to attempt to recruit. The objectives of the
study will easily be achieved through the sample chosen.
Table 1
Grade & Section Sample

Grade 11&12 ABM 20
Grade 11&12 STEM 25
Grade 11&12 HUMMS 20
TOTAL 65
Table 1 presents the population and sample of factors affecting student’s purchasing gadgets for e-learning amidst
covid-19 lockdown in Philippine Women’s University CDCEC Bataan.
The population was 60 senior high school students of Philippine Women’s University CDCEC
Bataan. To determine the sample size of the students-respondents, we came up with 20 each
section of senior high school students of Philippine Women’s University CDCEC Bataan to find
out the factors affecting them in purchasing gadgets for e-learning amidst covid-19 lockdown.
Research Instruments
For data gathering purposes, the study used the researcher-made questionnaires and
proficiency test. There is only one material that will be used for the research and that is online
survey forms. In this survey, there will be questions asking for participants if one is affected or
not. Then, the survey will ask the participant to check the box of the factors affecting students
purchasing gadgets for e-learning. The respondents will only give 5 minutes to complete the
survey form.
Name:
Grade & Section:
Date:
Kindly put check if any of the following affects you from purchasing gadgets for e-learning
amidst Covid-19 lockdown.

1. What e-learning devices do you use?
● Laptop
● Cellphone
● Desktop
● Tablet
1. What factors affect the students in purchasing gadgets?
• loss of parents’ Job
• price of gadgets
• lockdown
1. What is your total household income?
● Less than Php. 5,000
● Php. 5,000 to Php. 15,000
● Php. 15,000 and more
1. What do you prefer for classes?
● Modular
● Online Class
1. Do you have internet access in your house?
● Yes
● No
1. Do you have any computer shops next to you?
● Yes
● No
Construction and Validation of the questionnaires
The researcher read books, journals, published theses and dissertations and other related
reading materials and made some unstructured interviews before the construction of the
questionnaires. The 3 expert faculty members would validate the questionnaire. Their corrections
and suggestions will be incorporated in the draft for the next stage of the validation. The 15
students who will not be included as the final respondents will be asked to react to the
questionnaires. Their reactions will be tested for reliability.
Data Gathering Procedures
For the purpose of acquiring data from the student-respondents, a formal letter was sent to the
offices of Philippine Women’s University CDCEC-Bataan. Before the actual data collection,
approval will be asked from the members of the Research Proposal Committee and every Senior
High School both grade 11 and 12 advisers to allow the researchers to carry out the survey.
Afterwards, the researchers will send an online survey to each participant in their emails. The
participant will only have to answer the following questions included in the survey and put a
check on the boxes. The researchers will then collect the online surveys after the participant
finished the survey.
Data Processing and Statistical Treatment
The pertinent data were treated with the most fitted statistical tool or treatment in order to
unlock the problem involved in this study. The pertinent data were treated with the most fitted
statistical tool or treatment in order to unlock the problem involved in this study. After collecting
and gathering of Data, the result will be based on the questionnaire as it will measure the
importance of purchasing gadgets during this pandemic has a significant effect or not in the
stated issue. The research used a descriptive statistical tool, to describe summarizing and
organizing data. We use descriptive tools. Descriptive tool that addresses questions about who,
what, when, where, how many, and how much. This fitted to our topic which factors affecting
the students in Philippine Women’s University CDEC Bataan in purchasing gadgets for e-
learning amidst of Covid-19.
Notes in Chapter III
Dudovskiy, J. (2018). The Ultimate Guide to Writing a Dissertation in Business Studies: A Step-
by-Step Assistance. Rajendra, New Dehli, India. Retrieved from https://research-
methodology.net/about-us/ebook/.
Mccombes, S. (2019) Descriptive Research. Retrieved from
https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/descriptive-research./.
Statistics Solutions (2020). Retrieved from https://www.statisticssolutions.com/.
Walinga, J. & Stangor C. (2014). Introduction to Psychology - 1st Canadian Edition. BCcampus.
Retrieved from https://opentextbc.ca/introductiontopsychology/.

Chapter IV
Results and Discussion
This chapter presents the data gathered, the results of the survey and interpretation of
findings. These are presented in pie graphs following the sequences of the questionnaire
presented last chapter.
DEVICE
6%
9%
Laptop
Cellphone
Desktop
17%
Tablet
68%
Figure 1 shows that 67.70% of the respondents said that most senior high school students used a
laptop for e- learning. The 16.90% students used cell phones and 9.20% said that they were using
a desktop. The remaining 6.20% answered that they were using tablets for e-learning.
INCOME
23% Less than Php. 5,000

34% Php. 5,000 to Php. 15,000 Figure
Php. 15,000 and more
2
43%
illustrates that 43.10% of the respondents have five thousand to fifteen thousand per month
suitable for e-learning devices. 38.80% students have more than fifteen thousand households per
month to have an e-learning device. The remaining 23.10% students have less than five thousand
households per month not able to have e-learning devices due to lack of income.
PREFER
9%
INTERNET ACCESS Modular

Online Class
12%
Yes
91% No
88%
Figure 3 indicates that 90.80% of the respondents preferred online class rather than the 9.20% of
modular.
Figure
COMPUTER SHOPS
4
30%
Yes
No
70%
signifies that 87.70% of respondents have access to the Internet while 12.30% do not have access
to the Internet for e-learning.

Figure
PURCHASING
18 18
Loss of parents' job 5
% %
Price of gadgets
Lockdown proves
65 that
%
70.30% respondents have computer shops nearby to access e-learning classes while 29.70% do
not have computer shops nearby to access e-learning classes.
Figure 6 confirms that 64.60% respondents cannot purchase an e-learning gadget because of the
price of gadgets. Although 17.70% of students are unable to buy an e-learning gadget due to loss
of parent’s job and lock-down work.
Discussion
The researcher gathered information from the 67.70% who responded that most senior
high school students at the Philippine Women's University CDCEC-Bataan said they were using
a laptop for e-learning. The 16.90% responded that they were using cellphones, 9.20 percent said
they were using desktops, while the remaining 6.20 percent said they were using tablets for e-
learning.
The respondents were also asked about the total household income of the family. 43.10%
of the respondents answered that their household income per month is five thousand to fifteen
thousand suitable for e-learning devices. 38.80% students have more than fifteen thousand
households per month to have an e-learning device. The remaining 23.10% students have less
than five thousand households per month not able to have an e-learning device due to lack of
income.
The respondents were asked about their preferred studying amidst Covid-19 Pandemic. It
indicates that 90.80% of the respondents preferred online class to view their course syllabus and
academic progress, as well as communicate with fellow students and their course instructor
rather than the 9.20% of modular that is shorter than a full term and can start and end on any
week during a term.
The respondents were asked if they have internet access in their house. It signifies that
87.70% of respondents have access to the Internet while 12.30% do not have access to the
Internet for e-learning.
The respondents were asked if they have computer shops nearby to access online classes
and easily access internet connection. It proves that 70.30% respondents have computer shops
nearby to access e-learning classes while 29.70% do not have computer shops nearby to access
e-learning classes.
Lastly, the respondents were asked about the factors affecting the students in purchasing
gadgets for e-learning amidst Covid-19 Lockdown. It confirms that 64.60% respondents cannot
purchase an e-learning gadget because of the price of gadgets. Although 17.70% of students are
unable to buy an e-learning gadget due to loss of parent’s job and lock-down work.
Chapter V
Conclusion and Recommendation
Conclusion
The researchers investigated the factors affecting student’s purchasing gadgets for e-
learning amidst Covid-19 Lockdown in Philippine Women’s University CDCEC-Bataan.
Primary data were collected by distributing questionnaires via email account to 65 respondents.
There are significant factors affecting student’s purchasing gadgets for e-learning amidst
Covid-19 Lockdown such as price of gadgets, lack of parent’s job, and lockdown that is why
some of the students are struggling to join online classes. Also, Parental work loss is also the
main justification why students cannot buy gadgets and cannot afford the price of gadgets.
Recommendation
The researchers are recommending this study, specially to the following:
Students. For them to know that purchasing gadgets is the easiest way to learn and adapt
e-learning, but as long as we're in a pandemic, students should be self-disciplined and know that
there are still ways to enter online classes. Students should understand the situation now that
we're in the Pandemic. And let them know they're going to have to deal with the situation.
Teachers. They need to know that not all students are ready to join and understand online
classes. Students are adapting in the online class while we're in a pandemic, so teachers should
give more attention when students can't pass the task on time due to lack of equipment.
Parents. For them to know that they are not the only one who is struggling in this
pandemic. Students are worried about their studies and thinking about attending school this year
or helping the family resolve this pandemic challenge.
Department of Education. They need to know that not all students are privileged to take
part in online learning. This study will make them understand and help students who are most
struggling and students who are able to learn even in the event of a pandemic.
Future researchers. It may be difficult to create a study that has exactly the same research
title as the one you wish to find because we are looking for something that does not yet exist in
the research field. However, this study would advise you to be patient and sensible in your hunt
for a theory to solve your research and to rely on it. It will cause you to have a hundred sleepless
nights and headaches, but the purpose of this research is to make you stronger so that you can
face this difficulty.
Please note that your statement of the problem should be answered by the questionnaire.
Make sure that the questions you have created are related to your subject and must be checked by
someone who is aligned with your specialty before you send them to your respondents.
Creating research requires time, patience and time to evaluate your work before
proceeding to another chapter and to create a thesis so that you can manage your time properly.

RESEARCH PROFECT CHAPTER 1 5 Kyens Group

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

RESEARCH PROFECT CHAPTER 1 5 Kyens Group

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Philippine Women’s University – CDCEC Bataan

3F MLW Bldg., Sampaguita St., San Jose, Balanga City, Bataan

FACTORS AFFECTING STUDENT’S PURCHASING GADGETS FOR E-LEARNING

AMIDST COVID-19 LOCKDOWN IN PHILIPPINE WOMEN’S UNIVERSITY-CDCEC

A research presented to the

Philippine Women’s University CDCEC-BATAAN

In partial fulfilment of the course requirement in

Samantha Rave G. Laluz

Zelin Aezel L. Mendoza

Allyssa Mae F. Fajutag

Accountancy, Business and Management

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

"exposed the situation".1

are less likely to have access.

plans, basic course materials.2

successful implementation of current e-learning projects.3

Statement of the Problem

Specifically, it sought answer of the following:

1. How many students cannot purchase gadgets for e-learning?

2. What factors affect the students in purchasing gadgets?

2.1. Loss of Parent’s Job

2.2. Price of Gadgets

3.2. Online Class

Significance of the Study

know the influence on purchasing gadgets.

for e-learning in the midst of the Covid-19 Pandemic.

Objective of the Study

gadgets for e-learning amidst Covid-19 Pandemic in Philippine Women’s University-CDCEC

Scope and Delimitation of the study

regulations of the community.

interactions and online educational hubs.

E - Learning systems - An Electronic Learning System is an educational platform that takes

Learning Management System (LMS features) results in effective learning experiences.

and around the world due to the pandemic crisis of COVID-19.4

According to Manuel B. Garcia (2017), In addition when combined, education and

Which was caused by extended through inclusion of internet connectivity experience.6

According to Reimers and Schleicher (2020), Furthermore described the different

importance of “homeschooling.” These countries have devoted educational budgets in creating

on the quality, quantity and current internet resources.9

According to American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees.

listening to their teacher because they are bored.10

According to Reuben et al. (2020), mentioned in their study that under-privileged

online learning due to limited or no access to gadgets and the internet.12

participants; however, it could be increased in succeeding studies. The participants' identification

According to Undersecretary Eliseo Rio Jr (2020). As a part of the “new normal” in

light of the coronavirus pandemic, the Department of Information and Communications

repurposed Internet cafes.15

Factors Affecting Purchasing E-

Hypothesis of the study

Garcia, M. B. (2017). E-Learning Technology Adoption in the Philippines: An

Investigation of Factors Affecting Filipino College Students' Acceptance of Learning

Management Systems. The International Journal of E-Learning and Educational

Technologies in the Digital Media (IJEETDM), 3(3), 118130

Sathishkumar, V., Radha, R., Mahalakshmi, K. & Saravanakumar, A.R. (2020).

Projects: E-Learning during Lockdown of Covid-19 Pandemic. International Journal of

Control and Automation 13(4):1088-1099. Retrieved from

Poushter, J. (2016). Internet Seen as Positive Influence on Education but Negative

on Morality in Emerging and Developing Nations Pew Research Center, Washington, DC

(2015). Retrieved from https://pewrsr.ch/1B5jt1r.

Garcia, M.B. (2017). E-Learning Technology Adoption in the Philippines: An

Investigation of Factors Affecting Filipino College Students' Acceptance of Learning

Management Systems. The International Journal of E-Learning and Educational

Technologies in the Digital Media 3(3):118-130. Retrieved from