Professional Documents
Culture Documents
p.10 ex1.
1. Hard-working - doing a job seriously and with a lot of effort.
Ex.: He's always been hard-working and conscientious.
2. Impatient - wanting something to happen as soon as possible.
Ex.: We were up early, impatient to make a start.
3. Impolite - behaving in a way that is not socially correct and shows a lack of
understanding of and care for other people's feelings.
Ex.: It is impolite to point at people.
4. Mature - completely grown or developed.
Ex.: The human brain isn’t fully mature until about age 25.
5. Organised - involving people working together in an effective and well-planned way.
Ex.: Organized groups of citizens are more successful at changing the government’s
mind.
6. Reasonable - fair and showing good judgment.
Ex.: It's not reasonable to expect people to work those hours.
7. Irritating (ADJ)- making you feel annoyed or impatient
Ex: He had an irritating habit of cracking his knuckles.
8. To assume - to think that something is true, although you do not have definite proof
Ex: I didn’t see your car, so I assumed you’d gone out.
9. A desire for sth (TERM)- a strong hope or wish
Ex: a strong desire to win
10. Prioritise sth- to put several things, problems in order of importance, so that you
can deal with the most important ones first
Ex: You need to prioritize your tasks.
11. Counter-arguments (TERM) - a set of reasons or an argument you use
to oppose someone else’s ideas
Ex: There is, of course, a compelling counterargument to be made against this.
P.10, ex 1, part 1
18. do the washing-up - the act of cleaning plates, pans, glasses, knives, forks, etc. after a
meal, or the objects needing to be washed.
Ex: You do the washing-up and I'll do the drying.
19. do the ironing -the activity of using an iron to make cloth smooth.
Ex: I do the ironing once a week.
20. lay the table - arrange things that will be used during meals, such as plates, dishes,
glasses, napkins, etc.
Ex: She put the kettle on the gas and went to lay the table.
21. dust the furniture - Remove / dust off furniture in the house.
Ex: Every day I clean my room and bed, wash dishes and dust the furniture.
22. get the dinner ready - fix/prepare/cook dinner.
Ex: Mom needs you to go downstairs and help get dinner ready.
23. hang the washing out to dry - to hang laundry/clothes on a ‘clothes line’ outside to dry.
Ex: today it is imperative to hang the washing out to dry.
24. make the bed (PHR) - to make the sheets and covers on a bed tidy.
Ex: I could make up a bed for you on the sofa.
25. sweep the floor (PHR) - take a whisk and make the floor clean.
Ex: I remember once he taught the cleaner how to sweep the floor.
26. make arrangements (PHR) - To organize, plan, or prepare.
Ex: The hotel was full so we had to make alternative arrangements.
27. make a choice (PHR) - make a choice for yourself.
Ex: Good information is essential if people are to make informed choices about services.
28. make a decision (PHR) - a choice that you make about something after thinking about
several possibilities.
Ex: And then they still get to make the decision.
29. make an effort (PHR) - give it a try, have a go at.
Ex: I know you don't like her, but please make an effort to be polite.
30. do a course (COLL)- take a series of lessons on a particular subject.
Ex.: I did a course in creative writing.
31. do an exercise (COLL)- take physical activities that you do in order to stay healthy and
become stronger.
Ex.: He ought to do more exercise.
32. do a favour (COLL)- something you say in answer to a stupid and impossible
suggestion.
Ex.: "Why don't you tell the police what happened?" "Oh, do me a favour!".
33. do a homework (COLL)- to complete the school work that has been assigned by a teacher to
be done at home.
Ex.: You can't watch any more television until you do your homework!
34. do the job (COLL)- If something does the job, it performs the piece of work you want
to be done and achieves the result you want.
Ex.: Here, this knife should do the job.
35. do the shopping (COLL)- to go shopping to buy food and other things you need
regularly.
Ex.: I hate doing the shopping at weekends.
36. do a sport (COLL)- play a sport.
Ex.: I did a lot of sport at school.
37. Make excuse (COLL) -To explain why you are not able to do something.
Ex.: I made my excuses and left before Grant Watson remembered I owed him an essay.
38. Make friends (COLL) -To become a friend of somebody.
Ex.: Simon finds it hard to make friends with other children.
39. Make impression (COLL) -To cause someone to notice and admire you.
Ex.: He made quite an impression on the girls at the tennis club.
40. Make mistake (COLL) - To do something that is not correct, or produces a result that
you did not want.
Ex.: Don't worry, we all make mistakes.
41. Make money (COLL) - To earn a lot of money; to make a profit.
Ex.: The movie should make money.
42. Make noise (COLL) - To be loud.
Ex.: Don't make a noise.
43. MP3 (TERM) – a popular type of audio file – you can listen to the files on a computer
or mobile device.
Ex. Downloading music a whole MP3 files is easy.
44. Album (TERM) - a group of songs or pieces of music on a record, CD, download.
Ex. The band plan to release their new album next week.
45. Track (TERM) - one of the songs or pieces of music on an album.
Ex. There’s a great Miles Davis track on side two.
46. Playlist (TERM) - the list of songs that a radio station plays.
Ex. You can save your favourite albums and tracks in playlist.
47. Syn (TERM) - to arrange for two or more things to happen at exactly the same time, or
to happen at the same time or in the same way as something else.
Ex. The hardest part was syncing the music to the video.
48. Stream (TERM) – play music in real time from one source to another.
Ex. You can also stream music from the internet or from your computer to other rooms
in your home if you have the right equipment.
49. Lead singer (TERM) - the main singer in a group.
Ex. She was lead singer in the Black and White Minstrel Show during the 70s.
50. Lead guitar (TERM) – the main guitarist in a group.
Ex. The band includes lead guitarist Chris Floyd, a former Leesburg
city commissioner.
51. Drummer (TERM) - someone who plays drums.
Ex. The three other blokes are Noel, a guitarist, Mike, a bassist and Fergal,
a drummer.
The text "My first bike"
99. Novelists (TERM) – people who write long stories about imaginary people and events
(remember a novel is typically at least 150 pages long; anything shorter is a short story).
Ex: Lisa O'Donnell is one of the country's most popular novelists.
100. Series (TERM) - set of books featuring the same characters.
Ex: She has written a series? of romantic novels all with a historical setting.
101. Setting (TERM) - background for a story or film.
Ex: Novels with a historical setting.
102. Bestseller (TERM) - very popular books that sell in large numbers.
Ex: The game is already a bestseller in Japan.
103. Critics (TERM) - people whose job it is to give their opinion of something,
typically books, films or music.
Ex: A review by the theatre critic of the ‘Sunday Times’.
104. Plots (TERM) - the events that form the main story of a book, film, or play.
Ex: The plot was a little confusing.
105. Characters (TERM) – people in a book or film.
Ex: These have all been bestsellers“ although the critics complain that her plots are
predictable and her characters' are not very realistic.
106. Literary (TERM) - serious rather than popular.
Ex: Her cousin, Lucy Smith, is a more literary writer.
107. Reviews (TERM) - what the critics write.
Ex: Her books tend to get better reviews although they do not sell so well.
108. Publication (TERM) - making something available in a printed form.
Ex: Both writers have a novel which will be ready for publication later this year.
109. Ebooks (TERM) - electronic book.
Ex: They will also be available to download as ebooks.
110. Passage (TERM) – short piece of text.
Ex: He read out a short passage from the Bible.
111. Extract (TERM) - part of a book chosen to be used in an article or for discussion.
Ex: We have received advance copies of both novels and it is interesting to compare the
opening passage from Smith's latest book with an extract from the first chapter of
O'Donnell's.
112. Copies (TERM) - a duplicate of a novel or book.
Ex: We have received advance copies of both novels.
113. Production (TERM) - the activity of organizing the practical and financial
matters relating to the preparation of a film, play, or television or radio programme
Ex: She's hoping to get into television production.
114. Set (TERM) - to put furniture and other things on a stage so that it represents the
time and the place in which the action of a play, film, or television programme is going
to happen
Ex: During the interval the stage was set for the second act.
115. Costume (TERM) - the set of clothes typical of a particular country or period of
history, or suitable for a particular activity
Ex: Singers performing Mozart's operas often dress in/wear historical costume.
116. Direction (TERM) - the position towards which someone or something moves or
faces:
Ex: "No, go that way," I said, pointing in the opposite direction.
117. Cast (TERM) - the actors in a film, play, or show
Ex: After the final performance the director threw a party for the cast.
118. performance (TERM) - the action of entertaining other people by dancing,
singing, acting, or playing music
Ex: a performance of Arthur Miller's play "The Crucible"
119. rave reviews (TERM) good evaluation of the film / book
Ex: And the most important critic gave it a rave review.
120. Dance ballet (TERM) - a type of dancing where carefully organized movements
tell a story or express an idea, or a theatre work that uses this type of dancing
Ex: What if he likes to paint or dance ballet?
121. Modern ballet (TERM) - a form of stage dance that combines elements of
classical ballet and modern dance
Ex: She said the company does not perform modern ballet styles, due to her view that
the "classical form is the most beautiful form and therefore that's where our background
is".
122. Comedian (TERM) - a person whose job is to make people laugh by telling
jokes and funny stories or by copying the behaviour or speech of famous people
Ex: a stand-up comedian
123. Show (TERM) - a television or radio programme or a theatre performance
Ex: He's got his own show on Channel 5
124. Entertainer (TERM) - someone whose job is to entertain people by singing,
telling jokes, etc
Ex: The actors not only double up to play different parts, but also perform different roles
as entertainers, musicians, and storytellers.
125. Audience (TERM) - the people who sit and watch a performance at a theatre,
cinema, etc
Ex: There were a lot of children in the audience.
126. Viewer (TERM) - someone who watches a television programme
Ex: It provides a focal point for the viewer, leading the eye and telling it where to rest.
127. Classical music (TERM) - Music that is considered to be part of a long, formal
tradition and to have lasting value
Ex: Do you prefer classic?
128. Folk (TERM) - Modern music and songs that are written in a style similar to that
of traditional music
Ex: I enjoy listening to folk.
129. Jazz (TERM) - A type of modern music originally developed by African-
Americans, with a rhythm in which the strong notes often come before the beat. Jazz is
usually improvised
Ex: I've never really gone in for classical music, but I love jazz.
130. R & B (TERM) - A type of popular music, originally by African-American
artists, that can have features of soul, jazz, funk, and hip-hop
Ex: R & B artists such as Alicia Keys and Mariah Carey.
131. Hip-hop (TERM) - A type of popular music in which the words are spoken rather
than sung and the subject of the songs is often politics or society
Ex: Some of the easiest kinds of dances to learn include cowboy line dancing, basic hip-
hop moves, or a Bollywood routine.
132. Rap (TERM) - A type of popular music with a strong rhythm in which the words
are spoken, not sung
Ex: A rap artist.
133. Be into sth (PHR) - To be interested in and involved with something
Ex: When I was younger I was into politics.
134. Soundtrack (TERM) - The sounds, especially the music, of a film, or a separate
recording of this
Ex: The best thing about the movie is its soundtrack.
135. Canned music (TERM) - Music that has been recorded and is used on television
or in radio programs
Ex: Some hotels program their canned music in twenty-four hour cycles, varying by
location and the hour.
136. Play something by ear (COLL) - To play music that you have heard without
having to read written music
Ex: He heard jazz records at home when very young and played piano by ear.
Unit 32 – holidays, A
137. Campsite (TERM) – a piece of land where people on holiday can camp, usually
with toilets and places for washing.
Ex.: The campsite is in a beautiful location next to the beach.
138. Self-catering flat/apartement (COLL) – a flat which you rent, you cook for
yourself.
Ex.: All rooms for postgraduates in these self-catering apartments are single.
139. Guesthouse (TERM) – a small house near a larger one, where guests who are
invited to the larger house can stay.
Ex.: Tourism is now a major part of the economy, exploiting the coastal scenery of the
region, and the town contains numerous hotels and guesthouses.
140. Youth hostel (COLL) – a place where people, especially young people, can stay
cheaply for short periods when they are travelling.
Ex.: They might, perhaps, convert it into a youth hostel.
141. Bunk bed (COLL) – one of two beds attached together, one on top of the other.
Ex.: The twins sleep in bunk beds.
142. Package holiday (COLL) – a holiday at a fixed price in which the travel
company arranges your travel, hotels, and sometimes meals for you.
Ex.: Low cost charter flights and holiday packages made it a player on the international
market.
143. Excursion (TERM) – a short journey usually made for pleasure, often by a group
of people.
Ex.: This year's annual excursion will be to Lincoln.
144. Cruise (TERM) – a journey on a large ship for pleasure, during which you visit
several places.
Ex.: They've just set off on a round-the-world cruise.
145. Pitch a tent (COLL) – to set up a tent or a camp for a short time.
Ex.: Try and pitch your tent on level ground.
146. Caravan (TERM) – a wheeled vehicle for living or travelling in, especially for
holidays, that contains beds and cooking equipment and can be pulled by a car.
Ex.: She frequently stayed overnight with them, and each summer they took her on a
caravan holiday.
147. Severely delayed (COLL)- long waiting time.
Ex: As a result, the implementation of many projects was severely delayed.
148. Stuck at (COLL) - get stuck somewhere.
Ex: Stuck at the airport or railway station?
149. put me up (COLL) - settle someone somewhere.
Ex: They put me up at the Dupont Hotel.
150. put me on standby (COLL) - stock someone or something.
Ex: Allied forces would be put on standby alert as the Ukrainian army, supported by its
Western partners, retakes control over its land in eastern Ukraine.
151. to get a seat on time (COLL) - to get your seat on time.
Ex: we arrived 20 minutes early to get a seat on time.
152. turbulence (TERM) - strong sudden movements within air or water.
Ex: We might be experiencing some turbulence on this flight due to an approaching
electrical storm.
153. a bumpy landing (COLL) - sloppy landing of transport.
Ex: Well, apologies for the bumpy landing.
154. get airsick (COLL) - a state when a person feels bad in transport.
Ex: Hope you don't get airsick.
155. had jetlag (COLL) - a condition where a person cannot adapt to the time zone of
a new place.
Ex: It's been a while since you've been there so you should have jetlag.
156. Trip (TERM) -a journey in which you go somewhere, usually for a short time,
and come back again.
Ex.: I go on a trip with my girlfriend.
157. Journey (TERM) - the act of travelling from one place to another, especially in a
vehicle.
Ex.: I love going on long journeys.
158. business trip (TERM) -a journey taken for business purposes
Ex.: I had to make a last-minute business trip to Prague.
159. travel (TERM) - to make a journey, usually over a long distance.
Ex.: He travelled over 1,000 miles to be at the wedding
160. voyage (TERM) - a long journey, especially by ship.
Ex.: He was a young sailor on his first sea voyage.
Unit 3 P.35
Unit 3 p. 27 ex.10