S76 Maintenance Training Manual CHC Training Centre (Global)

ICE & RAIN

 TABLE OF CONTENTS
GENERAL .........................................................................................................5
WINDOWS AND WINDSHIELDS ................................................................5
PITOT STATIC SYSTEM .................................................................................5
PITOT TUBE HEATER SYSTEM ...................................................................7
WINDSHIELD WIPER SYSTEM ....................................................................13
WINDSHIELD WASHER SYSTEM ................................................................21
WINDSHIELD HEAT SYSTEM .....................................................................24
WINDSHIELD DEFROSTER SYSTEM .........................................................32

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 GENERAL
Ice and rain protection includes a pitot tube heater system, a windshield defrosting
system, a windshield wiper system, and a windshield washer system. A windshield
heat system may be installed. The pitot tube heater system prevents ice formation
on the pitot tubes. The windshields are protected by wiper and washer systems, and
by hot air defrosting and, if installed, electrical heating.
WINDOWS AND WINDSHIELDS
Protective measures for the cockpit windshields include the windshield defrosting
system, windshield wiper system, and windshield washer system.
A windshield heat system may be installed.
The windshield defrosting system and the windshield heat system prevent ice
formation and fogging on the windshield.
The windshield washer and wiper systems improve visibility through the
windshields during bad weather.
PITOT STATIC SYSTEM
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Two separate and independent pitot-static systems are provided as well as a dual tail
cone static system.
The pitot systems transmit impact air from outside the helicopter to the pilot’s and
copilot’s airspeed indicators.
The static systems vent the airspeed, barometric altimeter and the vertical velocity
indicators to atmospheric pressure.
A pitot-static tube, mounted on each side of the nose of the helicopter, furnishes
static and ram-air pressure.
The right pitot tube is used for the pilot’s airspeed instrument and the left pitot
tube is used for the co-pilot’s airspeed instrument.
Each pitot-static tube mast has two sets of static ports.
One set of ports from each mast is connected together and supplies the pilot’s
airspeed instrument while the other set of ports is connected together and supplies
the co-pilot’s airspeed instrument.
The opening at the head of each pitot-static tube furnishes pitot pressure, and the
ports near the centre of each tube furnish static pressure.
The static ports, two on each side of the helicopter tail cone, furnish static pressure
to the pilot’s and co-pilot’s barometric altimeters and vertical velocity indicators.

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 Flexible hoses, plastic tubing, and aluminium tubing transmit pressure from
pitot-static tubes and tail cone static ports through the fuselage and up to the
back portion of the instrument panel, where they are connected to the back of the
instruments.
Capped tees in the lines, at the nose landing gear wheel well and in the tail cone,
allow for draining any possible accumulation of moisture from within the lines.
A balance chamber is installed in the pilot’s pitot system lines.
This chamber equalizes air between the pilot’s and co-pilot’s pitot system so that the
airspeed indicator response will balance, and both airspeed indicators will have the
same sensitivity.
Two airspeed switches are connected to the co-pilot’s pitot-static system lines. These
airspeed switches control automatic flight control system (AFCS) gain paths. An
airspeed transducer is also connected to the co-pilot’s pitot-static system lines.
This transducer provides a voltage signal output, which is controlled by airspeed, to
the pitch bias actuator system

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 PITOT TUBE HEATER SYSTEM
The pitot-static heater system is an electrically-operated system that prevents ice
forming on the pitot tubes.
The system also includes electrically heated static ports in the tailcone.
The pitot-static heater system consists of two pitot tube heaters, two static port
heaters, two switches, two warning light relays, two static port heater control relays,
six circuit breakers, and two warning light capsules on the caution/advisory panel.
When the PILOT and COPILOT HEAT switches on the master switch panel are
ON, power is supplied to the pitot tube heaters through the warning light relays,
and to the static port heaters through the static port heat control relays.
If the warning relay coils or pitot tube heaters malfunction, the normally closed
contacts of the warning light relays behind the overhead control panel allow current
to light the PLT PITOT HEAT or CPLT PITOT HEAT warning light capsules.
Electrical power for the pilot’s pitot tube and static port heater and warning system
is supplied by the DC ESNTL and NO. 2 DC PRI bus systems at 28 vdc through
the PLT PITOT HTR PWR, PLT PITOT HTR WARN and PLT STATIC PORT’
HTR circuit breakers on the upper and lower circuit breaker panels.
Electrical power for the copilot’s pitot tube and static port and warning system is
supplied by the No. 1 DC PRI bus system at 28 vdc through the CPLT PITOT
HTR PWR, CPLT PITOT HTR WARN and CPLT STATIC PORT HTR circuit
breakers on upper circuit breaker panel.

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 WINDSHIELD WIPER SYSTEM
COMPONENTS
Motor
The dc motor, just below the cockpit canopy windshield, in the electronics
compartment, provides power to operate the windshield wipers.
The motor is rated at 28 vdc, 6.0 amperes.
The motor has an automatic parking feature that returns the wiper blades to the
parked position when turned off
The motor is protected from overheat by a 149° C (300° F) thermostat.
Converters
A converter is just below the pilot’s and co-pilot’s windshield, in the electronics
compartment, and is attached to the fuselage skin with three screws and a pivot
stud.
A flexible drive shaft connects the dc motor to each converter.
The converters change the rotary motion of the motor to the oscillating motion
required by the wiper blades. Converter, 76200-01011 -102/-103, provides a stroke
of about 68°. Converter, 76200-01011-104, provides a stroke of about 60°.
The pivot stud, which passes through one of the mounting holes, supports the end
of the guide arm.
Drive Arms, Guide Arms and Wiper Blades.
The drive arm is attached to the serrated shaft of the converter and is the
attachment point for the wiper blade.
The guide arm, connected to the pivot stud and wiper blade, keeps the wiper blade
vertical and governs wiper pattern.
Wiper travel is about 68°.
Spring tension of about 4-1/2 pounds against the windshield is obtained by an
adjustment screw near the bottom of the drive arm.
Control Switch
The windshield wiper is controlled by a WINDSHIELD WIPER switch on the
master switch panel.
The FAST and SLOW positions control the speed of the wiper blades.
When placed OFF, the blades are returned to the inboard edge of the windshields.
Current to the dc motor is discontinued when the switch is placed OFF and the
wipers have traveled to the park position

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 WINDSHIELD WASHER SYSTEM
GENERAL
The electrically operated windshield washer system consists of a switch marked
WINDSHIELD WASHER on the master switch panel, a reservoir in the left side
of the electronics bay, and a pump mounted next to the reservoir. Washer fluid
for the system is supplied by the reservoir through a tube to the pump. When the
WINDSHIELD WASHER switch is placed ON, the pump will operate. Washer
fluid is pressurized by the pump and distributed by tubes to a fluid dispenser on the
windshield wiper blades. The windshield wipers may be used for cleaning. Electrical
power for the system is supplied by the DC ESNTL bus at 28 VDC through the
WSHLD WSHR circuit breaker on the lower circuit-breaker panel.
COMPONENTS
Pump
The 28-VDC pump, mounted below the cockpit canopy windshield in the
electronics bay, provides pressure to operate the windshield washer. The continuous
duty pump, with an output of 0.07 gpm at 7 psi, is connected to the reservoir by a
tube. Washer fluid is pressurized by the pump and supplied to the fluid dispensers.
Reservoir
The reservoir, mounted in the electronics bay, supplies the pump with washer fluid.
The reservoir consists of a fiber glass pan and backplate, and a filler neck. The filler
neck has a filter and plug. The reservoir’s capacity is 6 quarts (5.7 liters).
Control Switch
The windshield washer is controlled by a WINDSHIELD WASHER momentary
switch, on the master switch panel. When the switch is placed ON, the pump will
operate. When released, the switch will return to OFF, discontinuing power to the
pump

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 WINDSHIELD HEAT SYSTEM
A windshield heat system may be installed.
The system consists of:
(a) separate ON-OFF WINDSHIELD HEATER switches and separate
temperature controllers for the pilot’s and co-pilot’s windshield a main
gear box mounted three-phase,
(b) 400 Hz, ac generator
(c) generator contactors
(d) relays
(e) a WINDSHIELD HOT warning system and the necessary circuit
breakers.
Each windshield panel is constructed from:
(a) one outer ply of glass
(b) one inner ply of transparent plastic laminated together with an inter-layer.
An electrically conductive coating is used on the inside of the outer glass ply to
provide solar energy reflection and heat. Also, sandwiched in between the layers, is:
(a) a bus bar
(b) a temperature control sensor
(c) an over-temperature control sensor.
Electrical terminal blocks are at the upper corners of each windshield panel for
connection to system wiring.
Temperature sensors imbedded in the windshield panel feed back an input signal
to the temperature controllers, that cycles the system on and off, maintaining the
temperature at predetermined levels.
The system is designed so that heat to the pilot’s windshield is provided before the
co-pilot’s windshield can be heated

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 WINDSHIELD DEFROSTER SYSTEM
A defrosting duct, connected to the cockpit heating and ventilation system,
dispenses air down through the moulded canopy section and out through glare-
shield openings which are directed at each windshield panel.
Heated air is directed to the windshield panels any time the pilot places the
HEATER CONTROL switch ON.
If the environmental control system is installed, placing the CON SEL switch on
the ECU control panel to AUTO provides conditioned air to the windshields.

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 NOTES:

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