Student Worksheet

Name of Course / Codes : Plant Morphology/ KPB 1209

Time duration : 1 week
Member amount : 2 person

Introduction
Root Types and Modifications
The root is the underground organ of the plant. Its primary functions include uptake of water
and minerals and anchorage of the above-ground (aerial) portions of the plant.
Root Types
In conifers and dicots, a primary root, called a radicle in the seed embryo, develops lateral
branching roots. As this system develops further, the individual roots may show secondary
growth due to cambial activity. The cambium is a meristem that produces secondary xylem,
and secondary phloem. In many monocots, the first-formed roots of the seedling, called
seminal roots, eventually die. They are replaced by adventitious roots, which emerge from
the stem. Dicots may also have accessory adventitious roots, for example, the aerial roots on
vines such as ivy. Root modification are divides as storage roots, Prop roots, contractike and
symbiotic and so on.

Stem Structure
Functions of the stem include: photosynthesis; longdistance transport of hormones and
organic metabolites in the phloem; transport of water and mineral nutrients in the xylem;
support of the shoot system; sites for responses of shoot to gravity (gravitropism) and
unilateral light (phototropism); food storage; and sites of initiation of adventitious roots,
new leaves and inflorescences (flowers). Stem Modifications Stems may be of various forms
to serve different functions, such as for food or water storage, for subterranean or aerial
anchoring devices, as a means of asexual reproduction, or for climbing.

Leaf Structure
The leaf blade’s outer surface is epidermal tissue and the ground tissue within is
photosynthetic mesophyll, interspersed with “veins” (vascular bundles) of conducting
(vascular) tissue. Vascular connections between blade and stem pass through the petiole.
Morphological characteristics of plant are shape of leaf, leaf apices and base, leaf
arrangement, leaf venation, leaf attacment, leaf texture, and so on.
Leaf Modifications
Leaves may become highly specialized in function, exhibiting bizarre forms. Only a few of
the many leaf modifications are shown here.
Methods:
Each gropu make an catalogues sheet based on the chapter below:

Content Group Member

Stucture and function of Roots, Rooting System (Fibrous & 1 Neilil dan Ruroh
Tap roots), Modification of Roots

Specialized Roots 2 Maya dan Cindy

Structure and function of stem, the external shape, interior 3 Rizqi dan Anisa F
shape and the surface of Stem , Types of stem (underground,
specialized)

Stem Orientation and Branching types 4 Lina dan Dwi Retno

Structure of leaves, Texture (intervenium), Bearing of leaves 5 Diana dan Annisa p

Types of Leaves (Pinnate) 6 Laela dan Rizky

Types of Leaves (Palmate) 7 Ade Risma dan Safina

Leaf Shapes 8 Andra dan Hanan

Leaf Margin 9 Ayun dan Febyola

Leaf Apices 10 Meilia dan Khusnul

Leaf Base 11 Vina dan Safira

Leaf Surface 12 Vony dan Dhiana W

Leaf Venation 13 Arafat dan Devita

Stipules and appendages 14 Kamila dan Alifia

Leaf Attachment 15 Alifa dan Julitha

Phyllotaxy 16 Yolanda dan Ilma

 Tittle of Resume

Example of The catalog

Other information

Resume